高级英语328-讲稿speech hitlers invasion of the u

SpeechonHitler’sInvasionoftheU.S.S.RWinstonS.ChurchillBackgroundInformationInMarch1939,BritainandFrancestartedtalkswiththeSovietUniontojoinhandinhandtofightagainstFascistGermany.Threemonthslater,thetalkswerebrokenoff.Theninordertoprotectitself,theSovietUnionsignedtheNon-aggressionPactwithHitler’sGermanyonAugust23,1939.OnSept.1,1939,HitlerinvadedPoland,andWW2brokeout.OnJune6,1941,theBritishhadalreadylearntthatHitlerwastoattackRussiaandpassedonawarningtotheSovietUnion,whichwasunheeded.WinstonS.Churchill

(1874~1965)Borninanoblefamily.Unhappyandpooratschool.Physicalcourageandloveofadventureandaction.1940~1945---PrimeMinster

1951~1955---againbecamePrimeMinster.

1953---wascreatedknightoftheGarterbytheQueenandwasawardedtheNobelPrizeinLiteratureinthesameyear.

April5,1955---resignedofficeandendedhispoliticalcareer

Jan.24,1965---diedandwasgivenastatefuneral.Royalandnobleorders(皇族与贵族的勋衔)Duke/Duchess公爵Marquis/Marchioness侯爵Earl/countess伯爵Viscount/viscountess子爵Baron/baroness男爵ordersofmerit(功绩勋位)KnightCommanderOfficerCompanionKnightCommanderKnightCommanderoftheOrderoftheGarter(K.G)嘉德勋位KnightCommanderoftheOrderoftheThistle(K.T)花勋位

KnightCommanderoftheOrderoftheBath(C.B)巴斯勋位

KnightCommanderoftheOrderoftheMerit(O.M)功勋勋位

KnightCommanderoftheOrderoftheStarofIndia(S.I)印度之星勋位

KnightCommanderoftheOrderoftheSt.MighealandSt.George(M.C)圣迷迦勒及圣乔治勋位

KnightCommanderoftheIndiaEmpire(I.E)印度帝国勋位

KnightCommanderoftheRoyalVictorianOrder(V.O)维多利亚勋位

KnightCommanderoftheOrderBritishEmpire(B.E)大英帝国勋位

KnightCommanderoftheHonour(C.H)荣誉友伴勋位爵位2004年1月20日，丘吉尔的已有104岁高龄的鹦鹉查利。丘吉尔在1937年买下了查利。尽管它是一只雌鸟，但丘吉尔仍然给它取了一个男孩子的名字

Churchill’sworks44booksTheWorldCrisis(6vols,1923-1931)TheSecondWorldWar(6vols,1948-1953)《風雲緊急》（TheGatheringStorm）《最光輝的時刻》（TheirFinestHour）《偉大的同盟》（TheGrandAlliance）《命運的關鍵》（TheHingeofFate）《緊縮包圍圈》（ClosingtheRing）《勝利與悲劇》（TriumphandTragedy）。HistoryoftheEnglish-speakingPeoples(4vols)HonorarycitizenshipofUSAAdolphHitler

(1889~1945)AdolfHitler,aninfluentialandattractive,Austrian-bornpolitician,rosetopowerinGermanyduringthe1920sandearly1930satatimeofsocial,political,andeconomicupheaval.Failingtotakepowerbyforcein1923,heeventuallywonpowerbydemocraticmeans.Onceinpower,heeliminatedalloppositionandlaunchedanambitiousprogramofworlddominationandeliminationoftheJews,parallelingideasheadvancedinhisbook,MeinKampf(MyStruggle).His"1,000YearReich"barelylasted12yearsandhediedabrokenanddefeatedman.Hitler’sarmyinvadedPolandonSep.1,1939,sparkingFranceandEnglandtodeclarewaronGermany.ABlitzofGermantanksandinfantrysweptthroughmostofWesternEuropeasnationafternationfelltotheGermanwarmachine.In1941,Hitlerignoredanon-aggressionpackhehadsingedwiththeSovietUnioninAug.1939.SeveralearlyvictoriesaftertheinvasionoftheSovietUnioninJune1941,werereversedwithcrushingdefeatsatMoscowandStalingrad.(winter,1942-43).TheUnitedStatesenteredthewarinDec.1941.In1944,theAlliesinvadedoccupiedEuropeatNormandyBeachontheFrenchcoast,Germancitieswerebeingdestroyedbybombing,andItaly,Germany’smajorallyundertheleadershipofFascistdictatorBenitoMussolini,hadfallenUnderstandingoftheText

1.

WhenandhowdidtheGermansattacktheSovietUnion?2.WhatwasChurchill’sreactiontothenewsofHitler’sinvasionofRussia?Why?3.WhydidChurchillsidewiththeSovietUnionsincehehadalwaysbeenanavowedenemyofcommunism?What’sthepolicytheywouldpursue?4.

WhatwasHitler’smotiveininvadingRussia?StylisticAnalysisoftheSpeech

Churchillemployedtherhetoricaldevicestomakehisspeechvividandforceful:*periodicsentence*rhetoricalquestion(interrogation)*parallelstructure*

inversion*repetition*metaphor*alliteration(ascoolascucumber;factandfantasy,safeandsound;heartandhome;Shesangasong.)antithesisReadthespeechandexemplifytheaboverhetoricaldevices.

Youthisnotamatterofrosycheeks,redlipsandsuppleknees;itisamatterofthewill,aqualityoftheimagination,avigoroftheemotions.

.Delighted

werethecoupletoattendthedaughter’sweddingceremony.ScaredwasItoseeaflyingsaucerlandonthelawninfrontofmyoffice.

Givemeliberty,orgivemedeath.speechissilver;silenceisgoldenThischangedconvictionintocertainty.(Para.1)InthepastitwasmybeliefthatHitlerwouldsoonattacktheSovietUnion,butnowitwasnolongerabelief,ithadeafact.conviction(that):firmopinionorbeliefIt’smyconvictionthatcomplacencyisattherootofourtroubles.convincesbofsth:makesbfeelcertainChurchill’spolicyduringWWII

---Blood,SweatandTearsOnMay13,1940,Churchillannouncedhisnewgovernmentinthesewords:“Ihavenothingtoofferbutblood,toil,tearandsweat…Youaskwhatisourpolicy?Iwillsay:itistowagewar,bysea,landandair.WarwithallourmightandwithallthestrengthGodhasgivenus,andtowagewaragainstaMonstroustyrannyneversurpassedindarkandlamentablecatalogueofhumancrime.Thatisourpolicy.Youask,whatisouraim?Icananswerinoneword:Victory.”Norindeedwhattosay.NorhadIindeedtheslightestdoubtastowhattowhatIpose:write(apoem,speech,etc.)I’mcomposingaformalreplytotheletter.Isupposetheywillberoundedupinhordes.IthinktheRedarmy-menwillbesurroundedandcapturedinsurprisinglylargelumbers.roundup:herdtogether,collecttogetherTheguideroundedupthetouristsandletthembacktothecoach.IspentthemorningtryingtoroundupthedocumentsIneeded.horde:alargemovingcrowdorthrongTheStructureofCentralGovernmentMonarch

(non-political)FormalHeadofStateandCommonwealthLegislatureExecutiveJudiciaryParliament:‘PrimeMinister’HeadedbyHouseofCommonsand‘Ministers’,LordChancellor;HouseofLordsallMPs,Chancellor;formCabinetHouseofLordCivilServicethehighestcourt

Chequers/DoningStreet1HitlerwascountingonenlistingcapitalistandRightWingsympathiesinthiscountryandtheU.S.A.(Para.4)HitlerwashopingthatifheattackedRussia,hewouldwininBritainandtheU.S.thesupportofthosewhowereenemiesofCommunism.enlist:obtainhelporsupport;jointhearmyI’veenlistedthecooperationofmostofmyneighborsinmycampaign.我在这一活动中得到邻里多数人的支持。Theyenlistedfourhundredrecruitsforthenavy.他们为海军征募了四百名新兵。

Croquet槌球

Iaskedwhetherforhim,thearchmunist,thiswasnotbowingdownintheHouseofRimmon.(Para.5)Iaskedwhetherhewasnotrenouncinghispreviousattitudetowardscommunism;whetherhewasnotchanginghispositionsincehehasallalongbeenopposedtocommunism.bowdownintheHouseofRimmon违背自己的良心或原则做自己不愿做的事IfHitlerinvadedhellIwouldmakeatleastafavourablereferencetotheDevilintheHouseofCommons.(Para.5)IfHitlershouldattackHell,amosthatedplace,Iwouldstillsayawordinfavorofthedevil,thefoeofmankind,intheHouseofCommons;IwouldsayawordinfavorofanyonewhoisattackedbyHitler,nomatterhowbad,howwickedorevilhehadbeeninthepast.makeareferenceto:tomention

WhenIspoketohimabouttheexpedition,hedidn’tmakeanyreferencetoyourcomingwithus.totheeffecttotheeffect:havingthatresultorimplication;with..generalmeaningHetoldmetogetout,orwordstothateffect.Heleftanotetotheeffectthathewouldnotbereturning.Hestartedearlytotheeffectthathemightgettherebylunchtime.Ican’trememberhisexactwords,butI’msurehedidsaysomethingtothateffect.HitlerbuiltupthepartyandconvertedittoapoliticalpartyandchangeditsnametoNazi.Itisdevoidofallthemeandprincipleexceptappetiteandracialdomination.(Para.7)TheNazistatedoesnothaveanyidealorguidingprincipleatall.Allithasisastrongdesireforconquestandrulebythe“Aryan”race,theso-calledmostsuperiorraceintheworld.devoidof:completelywithout,lackingThishouseistotallydevoidoffurniture.Heisdevoidofhumanfeeling.Thisreportisdevoidoftruth.Itexcelsallformsofhumanwickednessintheefficiencyofitscrueltyandferociousaggression.(Para.7)TheNaziregimeisverycruelanditinvadesothercountriesinamostsavageway.Itcancarryoutitscruelinvasionsoeffectivelythatitbeatsanyactionofthiskindinhumanhistory;inthisrespect,itisworsethananyotherknownformofevil.

纳粹政权在残酷镇压和疯狂侵略方面，极为拿手，人类过去这方面的一切卑劣行径都望尘莫及。

IwillunsaynowordthatIhavespokenaboutit.IwillnottakebackasinglewordofwhatI’vesaidaboutit.Butallthisfadesawaybeforethespectaclewhichisnowunfolding.Butcomparedwiththepainfulsightthatisnowopeningouttoourview,alltheevilsofcommunismandmyoppositiontocommunismeinsignificant.Thepast,withitscrimes,itsfollies,anditstragedies,flashesaway.Let’sforgetthepast:thecrimesthesovietregimecommitted,thefoolishthingsitdid(e.g.,theNon-aggressionPact)andthetragicsufferingofitspeople.parallelismIseethetenthousandofvillagesofRussiawherethemeansofexistenceiswrungsohardlyfromthesoil,wheretherearestillprimordialhumanjoys,where…IseethetenthousandofvillagesofRussiawherepeoplehavetoworkveryhardonthelandinordertokeepthefamilygoing(ortowringalittlefoodoutofthepoorsoil),wherepeoplestillenjoybasichumanpleasures(althoughlifeissohard),where…IseeadvancinguponallthisinhideousonslaughttheNaziwarmachine,withitsclanking,heel-clicking,dandifiedPrussianofficers,itscraftyexpertagentsfreshfromthecowingandtyingdownofadozencountries.IcanseetheNaziarmylaunchingviolentattacksonallthiswiththeswordsandsabres,thenoiseofbootsandshouting,dressyPrussianofficers,theagentswhospecializeingenocideandwhohavejustplishedthetaskofcrushingandenslavingadozencountries.Iseealsothedull,drilled,docile,brutishmassesoftheHunsoldieryploddingonlikeaswarmofcrawlinglocust.TheGermansoldiersarestupid,obedient,easytomanage,savage.Theymoveoninmassiveformationfromoneplacetoanother,sowingdestructionanddeath,justlikealargecrowdofmovinglocusts,eatingupeverythinginthefields.similar:IseetheGermanbombersandfightersinthesky,stillsmartingfrommanyaBritishwhipping,delightedtofindwhattheybelieveisaneasierandasaferprey.IseetheGermanbombersandfightersinthesky.TheNaziair-forcehavesufferedseverelossesintheaerialBattleofEngland.NowtheyfeelhappybecausetheythinktheycaneasilybeattheRussianair-forcewithoutheavyloss.smart:tofeelpainBehindallthisglare,behindallthisstorm,Iseethatsmallgroupofvillainousmenwhoplan,organize,andlaunchthiscataractofhorrorsuponmankind…(Para.8)BehindallthishostilityandfightingIseethatsmallgroupofwickedmenwhomadetheworldsufferuntoldmiseriesandunparalleleddisasters.Dominion自治领Adominionisaself-governingmemberofthetheBritishCommonwealthofNations.theCommonwealthofNationsTheBritishCommonwealthorCommonwealthNationsisafreeassociationofindependentcountriesthatwereoncecoloniesofBritain.Itwasestablishedin1931,replacingtheformerBritishEmpire.Membernationsarejoinedtogethereconomicallyandhavecertaintradingarrangements.TheCommonwealthhasnospecialpowers.ThedecisiontoeamemberoftheCommonwealthislefttoeachnation.Atpresenttherearemorethan50membercountrieswithintheCommonwealth.concuragreeIconcurwithyourviewsingivinghimthefirstprize.(ofevents)happentogetherSeveralcircumstancesconcurredtobringaboutthisresult.HavebutoneFromthisnothingwillturnus—nothing.(Para.9)Nothingwillturnusfromthis.Thereisnothingwhichcanbeheadusfromthispurposeordivertourattention.Itfollowsthat…follow：必然是真实的，作为必然的结果

①Heisagoodwriter,butitdoesnotfollowthatheisagoodspeaker.

②Ifthedoorwasnotopenedbyforce,itfollowsthattheburglarhadakey.

如果那门不是用力撞开的，那就说明窃贼有钥匙。IfHitlerimaginesthathisattackonSovietUnionwillcausetheslightestdivergenceofaimsorslackeningofeffortinthegreatdemocracieswhoareresolveduponhisdoom,heiswoefullymistaken.(Para.10)IfHitlerwillrealizethatheisdeplorablywronginthinkingthatsinceheisfightingCommunism,theWestwillstandbyandlethimdestroytheSovietUnionandwillnotfighthimashardaswhattheyarenowdoing.IfhehadthatassumptioninmindwhenheattackedtheSovietUnion,hewillhavetopayforit.ThisisnotimetomoraliseonthefolliesofcountriesandGovernmentswhichhaveallowedthemselvestobestruckdownonebyone,whenbyunitedactiontheycouldhavesavedthemselvesandsavedtheworldfromthiscatastrophe.(Para.11)WhatweneednowisnottediousexplanationofhowfoolishthosecountriesandgovernmentwereinlettingthemselvesbeoverrunbyGermanyonebyonewithoutformingaunitedfronttofightGermany.Iftheyhadfoughtinaunifiedway,theymighthavesavedthemselvesandthereforesavedtheworld.HisinvasionofRussiaisnomorethanapreludetoanattemptedinvasionoftheBritishIsles.(Para.11)HisinvasionofRussiawillpavethewayforhisplannedinvasionoftheBritishIsles.nomorethan只不过，仅仅；不……；不如……Thetheatrewasno

more

thanapaintedstorehouse.

Icannomoredothatthananyoneelse.Alearnercannomoreobtainknowledgewithoutreadingthanafarmercangetgoodharvestwithoutploughing.Letislearnthelessonsalreadytaughtbysuchcrucialexperiences.(Para.12)WeshouldbearinmindthefactthatHitlerhadbeensuccessfulbecausemanyEuropeangovernmentshadallowedthemselvestobestruckdownonebyone.ThistimeweshouldallsupporttheSovietUnionandshouldn’tletHitlerrepeathistactics.lessonsandcruelexperience:=Unitedwestand,dividedwefall.Letusdoubleourexertions,andstrikewithunitedstrengthwhilelifeandpowerremain.(Para.12)LetusstrengthenourunityandoureffortsinthefightagainstNaziGermanywhenwehavenotyetbeenoverwhelmedandwhenwearestillpowerful.Classicalsentences*Thepast,withitscrimes,itsfollies,anditstragedies,flashedaway.*Wewillneverparley,wewillnevernegotiatewithHitleroranyofhisgang.*Weshallfighthimbyland,weshallfighthimbysea,weshallfighthimintheair,until,withGod’shelp,wehaveridtheearthofhisshadowandliberateditspeoplefromhisyoke.*Weshallbefortifiedandencouragedinoureffortstorescuemankindfromhistyranny.Weshallbestrengthenedandnotweakenedindeterminationandinresources.*Letuslearnthelessonsalreadytaughtbysuchcruelexperience.Letusredoubleourexertions,andstrikewithunitedstrengthwhilelifeandpowerremain.IX.PickourwordsorphrasesfromthetextthatclearlyshowChurchill’sextremecontemptforNazidom.theNaziwarmachine,aswarmofcrawlinglocusts,smallgroupofvillainousmen,hisshadow,hisyoke,histyranny,Hitler’sblood-lustandthehatefulappetitesEx.IV1)anti-imperialist反对帝国主义的（人）；antichrist反对基督（教）的（人）2)antibacterial抗细菌的，抗菌物(preventing)antifreeze防冻剂3)antiaircraft防空的(against)pro-anti-ballisticmissile反弹道导弹4)antithesis（修辞学中的）对句，对话，偶句

antihero（小说，戏剧中）不按传统性主角品格塑造的主角(oppositeof)WordFormation1)against,hostileto,opposedto:anti-Japanese,anti-colonial,anti-party,antifascist,antislavery,antiapartheid2)preventing,curing,neutralizing,reducing:antiknock,antitoxin,antipollution,antifriction3)counteracting,operatingagainst,resisting:antitank,anti-gas,anti-persecution,antiantimagnetic,anti-metabolite,antimonsoon,antisubmarine4)opposite,reverse:antimatter,antipole,antinovelEx.V1)Hewasalmostattheendofhispowerswhen…2)…hisreputationisuncertain3)Hecompletelyignored…4)Peoplewhoareinavulnerablepositionshouldnotattackothers.5)Thismayteachtheyoungmannottotakefoolishrisks.6)…broughthimgreatsuccess.7)Thepupilstooktheteachersastheirexample.8)..Anenormouspileofletters.Ex.X1)preparing,writingdown2)veryfastandviolently3)obtaining,getting4)returned5)spent..onit6)frontiers7)