高中英语资料-Section Ⅳ　Lesson 3

1．Discussion—Whatdoyouknowaboutyourmemory?SectionⅣ

Lesson3Theanswerisopen.2．Prediction—ReadthetitleandlookatthepicturesonPage58～59andpredictwhatthetextisprobablyabout.________________________________________________________________________Thetextismainlyabouttheanswerstosomeofthemostcommonquestionsaboutmemory.1．Firstreading—Readthetextandanswerthefollowingquestions.(1)Howmanyquestionsarementionedinthetext?________________________________________________________________________(2)Whyarechildhoodmemoriesareoftenveryemotional?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(3)Whendoesourmemoryreachitsfullpower?________________________________________________________________________Four.Becausewhenweexperiencethingsforthefirsttime,weoftenhavestrongfeelingsoffearorexcitement.Attheageof25.2．Secondreading—Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.(1)Whenrememberingsomethingnew,trytoconnectitto________．A．ourknowledge B．ourexperienceC．ouremotions D．ourthoughts(2)Whocanrememberthefirst22，514digitsofpi(π)?A．StephenWiltshire B．DanielTammetC．JemimaGryaznov D．HermannEbbinghaus答案

C答案

B(3)Whendoesthesharpestlossofmemoryoccur?A．Duringtheveryearlyperiodafterlearning.B．Duringthefirstthreedaysafterlearning.C．Duringthefirstweekafterlearning.D．Duringthefirsthourafterlearning.(4)Howmanybraincellsdowelosebytheageof40?A．1，000

B．100，000

C．1000，000

D．10，000答案

A答案

D3．Thirdreading—Readthetextcarefullyagainandfillintheformbelow.QuestionsaboutmemoryAnswersWhycanIremembereventsinmychildhoodbutnotwhathappenedlastweek？Werememberthingsthathavestrongconnectionsinourmind,especially①______________________.Childhoodmemoriesareoftenveryemotional.Soitisimportanttoconnectsomethingnewwithwhatwealreadyknow.Also,wecantryto②________________________toafewothers.emotionalconnectionsretellwhatwehavelearntDosomepeoplereallyhaveaphotographicmemory？Apersonwithaphotographicmemorycouldremembereverydetailofapicture,abookoraneventmanyyearslater,butnoonehasprovedthattherearepeoplewhoreallyhave③______________________.Sowesimplyneedtofocusontheimportantideasandbecuriousaboutwhatwelearnwhenmemorising

④______________________．

photographicmemoriesdetailedlearningmaterialsWhydoIforgetthenewwordsthatIlearntyesterday？Thisis⑤____________formanypeople.Thesharpestlossofmemoryoccursduringtheveryearlyperiodafterlearning.Therefore,oneofthegoldenrulestoincreasehowmuchwerememberisto⑥____________________________，especiallyduringthefirstdayafterlearning.naturalreviewthematerialperiodicallyI’m16,butIsometimesforgetthings.Ismymemorygettingworse？Definitelynot.Ourmemoryreachesits⑦____________attheageof25.Afterthisage,however,thebrainstartsto⑧____________．Bymiddleage,ourmemoryissignificantlyworsethanwhenwewereyoung.fullpowergetsmaller1．Thinkinganddiscussing：ArethereanyanswersgivenbyJemimaGryaznovthatarenotconvincingtoyou?Whatareyourdoubts?2．Makeasummaryofthetextusingyourownwords.Theanswerisopen.Theanswerisopen.记忆相关词1．sensorymemory瞬时记忆，也称感觉记忆2．Short-termmemorySTM短时记忆，也称工作记忆3．Long-termmemoryLTM长时记忆4．imagination想象5．association联想6．connection联结7．seriesmethod串联法8．chainmethod锁链法如何整体理解课文1．Byunderstandingthetitleandthefirstsentenceofthetext.2．Byunderstandingthefirstsentenceofeachparagraph.3．Byunderstandingtheconclusionofeachparagraph.4．Byunderstandingthelastsentenceofthetext.5．Byunderstandingthestructureofthewholetext.语言现象感知Ⅰ.单词理解体会句中加黑单词的词性和含义1．Werememberthingsthathavestrongconnectionsinourmind，especiallyemotionalconnections.__________________________2．Apersonwithaphotographicmemorycouldremembereverydetailofapicture,abookoraneventmanyyearslater...________________________3．Thismeanstimelyreviewduringthisperiod,withafewrevisitstowhatislearnt,cansignificantlyhelpusremembertheinformation.__________________________4．Therefore,oneofthegoldenrulestoincreasehowmuchwerememberistoreviewthematerialperiodically,especiallyduringthefirstdayafterlearning.__________________adj.情感上的，情绪上的adj.详细准确的；照片的adj.及时的

n．重新考虑v.复习

adv.定期地Ⅱ.词块积累写出下列词块的含义1．emotionalconnections____________2．forthefirsttime____________3．asaresult____________4．aphotographicmemory__________________5．becuriousabout__________________6．reviewthematerialperiodically__________________7．buildstrongermemories__________________8．bytheageof40____________9．takeiteasy__________________10．makegooduseof____________情感联结第一次结果过目不忘的记忆对……感到好奇定期复习材料建立更强的记忆到40岁时别紧张；放松点充分利用Ⅲ.句式欣赏1．what引导宾语从句Itisimportanttoconnectitwithwhatwealreadyknow.2．that引导宾语从句；who引导定语从句Apersonwithaphotographicmemorycouldremembereverydetailofapicture,abookoraneventmanyyearslater,butnoonehasprovedthattherearepeoplewhoreallyhavephotographicmemories.Ⅰ.单词语境记忆——根据英汉提示写出单词的适当形式1．Those____________(细胞)divideandgivemanyotherdifferenttypesofcells.2．Iwasapproachingafairly____________(急剧的)bendthatsweptdownhilltotheleft.3．Acoupleofotherpointsabout____________(记忆)arealsoveryimportantforlanguagelearning.4．Whatmemoriesdoyouhaveaboutyour____________(童年)?5．Therearesomuchtolearn,somuch____________(兴奋)inthisworld.cellssharpmemorisationchildhoodexcitement6．Whatdoyouthinkofthis____________(arrange)?7．Weunderstandtheterrible____________(emotion)stressyouhavegonethrough.8．Therefore,thefundingfortheparkandmuseumshouldbeincreased____________(significant)．9．Eachcouplecameforaninterviewaboutthreemonthsbeforetheirwedding,andthen____________(periodical)afterward.10．Duetoyour____________(time)helpandencouragement,Imanagedtosolvealltheproblems.arrangementemotionalsignificantlyperiodicallytimelyⅡ.短语语境填空——根据汉语提示写出适当的短语1．Allsingerskepttogether.________________(作为结果),theirperformancewassuccessful.2．________________(放轻松)whenyouareonthestage.3．Irememberseeingtheocean________________(第一次)．4．Everyone________________(对……感到好奇)you,andeveryonewantstogettoknownewpeople.5．Wemust________________(充分利用)everyminuteinclass.6．Icantake________________(多达)fourpeopleinmycar.AsaresultTakeiteasyforthefirsttimeiscuriousaboutmakegooduseofuptoⅢ.句式语境仿写1．Thisisbecausewhenweexperiencethingsforthefirsttime,weoftenhavestrongfeelingsoffearorexcitement.这是因为当我们第一次体验事物时，我们通常会有强烈的恐惧或兴奋感。[仿写]这是因为地球的表面是圆的而不是平的。________________thesurfaceoftheearthisnotflatbutround.2．Whenrememberingsomethingnew,trytoconnectittoouremotions.当记忆新事物时，试着把它和我们的情绪联系起来。[仿写]一看到妈妈，小女孩就丢下玩具向她跑去。________________________________，thelittlegirldroppedhertoyandrushedtoher.ThisisbecauseWhenseeinghermother3．Itisimportanttoconnectitwithwhatwealreadyknow.把它与我们已知的联系起来是很重要的。[仿写]多练习讲英语是非常重要的。_____________________________speakingmoreEnglish.It’sveryimportanttopracticeⅠ.一言串记多义词Theprisonerwaslockedinacell.Thecancercellinhisbodymayinvadeotherpartsofthebody.Andheneededtobuyanewdrycell.那囚犯被关在单人牢房内。他体内的癌细胞可能会侵入身体的其他部位。并且他需要买一节新的干电池。记单词Ⅱ.词缀助记派生词1．形容词后缀：-al，-lyemotion(n.)→emotional(adj.)time(n.)→timely(adj.)2．名词后缀：-tion,-hood,-mentmemorise(v.)→memorisation(n.)child(n.)→childhood(n.)excite(v.)→excitement(n.)arrange(v.)→arrangement(n.)3．副词后缀：-lysignificant(adj.)→significantly(adv.)periodical(adj.)→periodically(adv.)句型公式1．“Thisisbecause...”

固定句型。2．状语从句的省略。3．“Itis＋adj.＋todosth”

句型。1.arrangementn．计划；安排

arrangev．安排；整理factsandarrangements(教材P58)事实和安排[合作探究]

体会arrangement的用法和意义Theyaremakingarrangementsfortheparty.他们在为晚会做准备。I’llmakearrangementsforsomeonetomeetyouatthestation.我将安排一个人去车站接你。Theymadeanarrangementtomeetattheschoolgateat3pm.他们约定下午三点钟在校门口见面。[自主发现]①makearrangements____________安排好……②makearrangements____________sbtodosth

安排某人做某事③makeanarrangement____________sth

安排做某事forfortodo[巩固内化]完成句子①Let’s________________________________ourtrip.让我们为旅行做准备吧。②Wehavefinished_______________________fortheparty.我们已完成了晚会的所有准备工作。③We________________________________betreatedbyafamousdoctor.我们安排好让一位名医来给她治疗。④Wecould________________________________at10o’clock.我们可以安排在10点钟见面。makearrangementsforallthearrangementsmadearrangementsforhertomakeanarrangementtomeet2.excitementn．兴奋，激动

excitev．使兴奋；刺激Thisisbecausewhenweexperiencethingsforthefirsttime,weoftenhavestrongfeelingsoffearorexcitement.(教材P58)这是因为当我们第一次体验事物时，我们通常会有强烈的恐惧或兴奋感。[合作探究]

体会excitement的用法和意义Thenwhynotgotothecityforsomeexcitement?那你为什么不搬到城市里找些刺激呢？Theyjumpedupanddowninexcitement.他们兴奋得跳来跳去。Hiseyeswerewildwithexcitement.他眼中流露出极度兴奋的神情。[自主发现]①____________excitement兴奋地②____________excitement怀着激动的心情inwith[巩固内化]单句语法填空/完成句子①Everyoneisinastateofgreat____________(excite)．②Hearingthenewsthatourteamwon,wealljumpedup____________excitement.③Theboyswererunning________________.男孩们兴奋地跑来跑去。④Hervoicerosehigherandhigher___________________.由于兴奋，她的声音越来越高。excitementwithinexcitementwithexcitement1.asaresult作为结果Asaresult,werememberthemmuchbetter,asretellingeventshelpsfixexperiencesinourmemories.(教材P58)结果，我们能更好地记住它们，因为复述事件有助于集中我们记忆中的经历。[短语记牢]记牢下列短语asaresultof因为；由于；作为……的结果resultin导致；造成resultfrom由……引起①Hegotupverylatetoday.Asaresult,hemissedthefirstbus.他今天起晚了，结果没赶上头班车。②Hewaslateasaresultofthesnow.由于大雪他迟到了。③Thebadweatherresultedinthetrafficjam.坏天气导致了交通阻塞。④Hissuccessresultedfromhishardwork.努力工作造就了他的成功。[巩固内化]单句语法填空/一句多译①Thetrainwasdelayed_______________theheavyrain.由于大雨的缘故，火车晚点了。②________________，wehavetowaterthevegetablegarden.因此我们不得不给菜地浇水。asaresultofAsaresult③普遍认为他是因为过度的劳累而得了癌症。It’sgenerallybelievedthathiscancer________________theoverfulltiredness.＝It’sgenerallybelievedthattheoverfulltiredness________________hiscancer.＝It’sgenerallybelievedthathesufferedfromcancer__________________theoverfulltiredness.Asaresultresultedinasaresultof2.takeiteasy放轻松Sotakeiteasy.(教材P60)所以放轻松。[短语记牢]记牢下列短语takeone’stime别着急；慢慢来takesthseriously重视某事；对某事严肃对待take...forgranted认为……理所当然take...as...把……当作……①Takeiteasy.Theremustbenoproblemwiththat.Ibelieveyoucanmakeit.别紧张，肯定没有什么问题的。我相信你一定能成功的。②Takeyourtime.Youhaveplentyoftimetofinishit.你可以慢慢来。你有足够的时间完成它。③Ifyoutakethisassignment,takeitseriouslyandreadtheinstructions.如果你接受了这个任务，严肃对待它并阅读说明书。④Itakeitforgrantedthatparentsshoulddoeverythingforus,whichiswrong.我想当然地认为父母应该为我们做好一切，其实这是错误的。⑤Mayshealsotakeyouasaveryimportantfriend?她也会拿你当很重要的朋友吗？[巩固内化]完成句子①________________．You’llfeelbettersoon.放轻松点。你很快就会觉得好点了。②They_______________________andarepraisedbytheirboss.他们对待工作认真，受到老板的表扬。③_________________.

We’vegotplentyoftime.别急，我们有的是时间。TakeiteasytaketheirjobsseriouslyTakeyourtime④However,whenitcomestothewasteofonehour,oneday,we_______________．然而，当涉及到一个小时、一天时间的浪费，我们又不以为然了。⑤Ifpossible,I’dliketo________________anordinaryonline-friendandnottocareaboutanythingofyou.如果可以，我愿意选择把你当作一个普通网友，不再关心你的一切。takeitforgrantedtakeyouas1.Thisisbecausewhenweexperiencethingsforthefirsttime,weoftenhavestrongfeelingsoffearorexcitement.(教材P58)这是因为当我们第一次体验事物时，我们通常会有强烈的恐惧或兴奋感。[句式解读]

句中Thisisbecause...意为“这是因为……”，其中because引导的从句在句中作表语，This有时可用It/That替换，指代上文提到的事实。[用法总结]其他相关句型(1)This/Thatiswhy...这/那就是……的原因(2)Thereasonwhy...isthat...……的原因是……(why引导定语从句)(3)Thereasonthat/which...isthat...……的理由是……(that/which引导定语从句)①Tomwasabsentfromclass.Thatwasbecausehewasill.汤姆没来上课，那是因为他病了。②Tomwasill.Thiswaswhyhewasabsentfromclass.汤姆病了，这就是他缺课的原因。③ThereasonwhyTomwasabsentfromclasswasthathewasill.汤姆没来上课的原因是他生病了。④Thereasonthat/whichTommadeupforbeingabsentfromclasswasthathewasill.汤姆编造的他没来上课的理由是他生病了。[巩固内化]单句语法填空①Lilyoversleptthismorning.Thatis____________shewaslateforwork.②Hehasheartdisease.Thatis____________hehasbeensmokingtoomuch.③Thereason____________hewaslateforthemeetingwas____________hewasheldupbyatrafficjamduringtherushhour.④Thereason____________hegaveforhisbeinglatewas____________hegotuplate.whybecausewhythatthat/whichthat2.Itisimportanttoconnectitwithwhatwealreadyknow.(教材P60)

把它与我们已知的联系起来是很重要的。[句式解读]句中Itisimportanttoconnect...为“Itis＋adj.＋todosth”

句型，其中It为形式主语，而不定式短语todosth为真正的主语。[用法拓展]该句型可以拓展为两种形式：(1)Itis＋adj.＋(forsb)todosth“(对某人来说)做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容词是修饰某件事而不是修饰人的，如difficult，easy,hard,important,necessary,possible等。①Itiseasyforpeopletocatchsightoftheflyingplane.人们看见飞行中的飞机是很容易的。②Itisillegalforanyonetodriveacarwithoutalicense.在没有驾照的情况下，开车是不合法的。(2)Itis＋adj.＋(ofsb)todosth“(某人)做某事是……的”，此句型中的形容词是修饰人而不是修饰某件事的，如kind,brave,clever,stupid,nice,good,silly,careful,naughty等。③Itiscleverofyoutosayso！你这样说可真聪明！④It’sverycarelessofyoutoalwaysmakemistakes.你总是犯错误，真是太粗心了。[巩固内化]单句语法填空/完成句子①Itisdifficult____________(persuade)hertostay.②Itisnice____________metohavebreakfastwithyou.③Itisveryclever____________youtoworkoutthisquestion.④___________________________________intheriver.对于孩子们来说，在河里游泳很危险。⑤________________________himwithhisEnglish.你帮他补习英语，真是太好了。topersuadeforofIt’sdangerousforchildrentoswimItisniceofyoutohelp主谓一致一、语法一致原则即主语为单数，谓语用单数，主语为复数，谓语也用复数。

即主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。1．单数主语即使后面带有with,alongwith,togetherwith,like(象),but(除了),except,besides,aswellas，ratherthan(而不是),including,inadditionto引导的短语，

谓语动词仍用单数。Airaswellaswaterismatter.空气和水都是物质。Nooneexcepttwoservantswaslateforthedinner.除了两个仆人外，

没有一个人迟来用餐。2．不定式(短语),动名词(短语),或从句作主语时，

谓语动词用单数。Servingthepeopleismygreathappiness.为人民服务是我很大的幸福。Whenwe’llgooutforanoutinghasbeendecided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。3．用连接的并列主语被each,every或no修饰时，

谓语动词用单数。Everyboyandeverygirllikestogoswimming.每个男孩和每个女孩都喜欢去游泳。Noteacherandnostudentwasabsentfromthemeeting.没有老师也没有学生开会缺席。4．若主语中有morethanone或manya/an,尽管从意义上看是复数，但它的谓语动词仍用单数。Manyaboylikesplayingbasketball.许多男生都喜欢打篮球。Morethanonestudentwaslate.不止一个学生迟到。5．名词如：trousers,scissors,clothes,goods,glasses等作主语时，谓语动词必须用复数。Hisclothesaregood.他的衣服很好。主谓一致即谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语保持一致，主谓一致包括语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。语法一致即谓语动词在单复数形式上要和主语保持一致；意义一致就是谓语动词要和主语意义上的单复数保持一致；就近一致就是谓语动词要和靠近它的主语部分保持一致。[巩固内化1]1．Myfather,togetherwithsomeofhisoldfriends,____________(be)therealready.2．Morethanoneanswer____________(give)tothequestion.3．Layingeggs____________(be)theantqueen’sfull－timejob.4．Eachmanandwoman____________(have)thesamerights.5．Mybluetrousers____________wornout.Onepairoftrousers____________notenough.(be)6．Manyastudent____________(realize)theimportanceoflearningaforeignlanguage.hasbeenhasbeengivenishasareishasrealized二、意义一致原则意义一致原则指不管主语的形式是单数还是复数，主语的意义决定了谓语动词的单复数。1．主语中有all,half,most,therest等，

以及”分数或百分数＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词单复数取决于连用的名词。Therestofthebikesareonsaletoday.剩下的自行车，

今天出售。60%oftheapplewaseatenbythelittleboy.这个苹果的60%都被这个小男孩吃了。M