2021年全国乙卷英语高考真题文档版(经典)

2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（乙卷）英语注意事项：、答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分 30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共 5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是 C。Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingtheway. B.Givingdirections.C.Correctingamistake.Whatdresssizedoesthewomanwant?A.8. B.10. C.12.Whatisthewomanlikelytodo?A.Makeaphonecall. B.Handletheproblem.C.Havearest.Whichtourdoesthemanseemtobeinterestedin?A.Theeveningtour. B.Thehalf-daytour. C.Thefull-daytour.Wherearethespeakers?A.Atacanteen.B.Ataclinic.C.Atabank.第二节（共 15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthematch?A.Entertaining. B.Discouraging. C.Boring.WhatdothespeakersplantodoonTuesdayafternoon?A.Watchagame. B.Playtennis. C.Gotothecinema.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。WhatdoesthemanadviseMrs.Whitetodo?A.Goonadiet. B.Domoreexercise.C.Getenoughsleep.WhichcanbeincludedinMrs.White ’sbreakfast?A.Eggs. B.Sausages. C.Porridge.Whatistheman?A.Ateacher. B.Aphysician. C.Achef.听第8段材料，回答第11至14题。HowdoesNancylooktoDaniel?A.Confused.B.Excited. C.Anxious.WhydoesDanielmentionhisperformanceinaplay?A.TocomfortNancy.B.Toexpresshisregret.C.Toshowhispride.WhatisNancygoingtodonextweek?A.Takeaschooltest.B.Haveacheck-up.C.Goinforacompetition.WhatdoesDanieloffertodoforNancy?A.Rewriteherlines. B.Drivehertothetheatre.C.Helpherwiththepractice.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。WhatwasProf.Stone’sthgerranadfrfaaidof?A.Leavinghishome.B.Partingfromhisson.C.Takingearlyretirement.WhatdoesoldagemeantomanyelderlyAmericans?A.Lackofmoralsupport.B.Lossofself-worth.C.Changeoflivinghabits.WhatwillProf.Stonetalkaboutnextconcerningelderlypeople?A.Publicservicestheyaskfor.B.Healthcareavailabletothem.C.Contributionstheycanmake.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。Whatdoesthespeaker’smotherwanthertobe?A.Aconfidentperson.B.Awarm-heartedperson.C.Ahumorousperson.Whydidthespeakerfeellonelyinherchildhood?A.Sheoftentraveledbyherself.B.Herfamilymovedfrequently.C.Hermotherwasbusyworking.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?Importanceofhomeschooling.Mother-daughterrelationship.Arolemodelinherfamily.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 40分）第一节（共 15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheBiggestStadiumsintheWorldPeoplehavebeenpouringintostadiumssincethedaysofancientGreece.Inaround80A.D.,theRomansbuilttheColosseum,whichremainstheworld’bsestknownstadiumandcontinuestoinformcontemporarydesign.Rome’sColosseumwas157feettallandhad80entrances,seating50,000people.However,thatwassmallfrycomparedwiththecity’sMCaixricmuuss,whichaccommodatedaround250,000people.Thesedays,safetyregulations-nottomentionthemodernsportsfan’sdesireforagoodviewandcomfortableseat：—tendtokeepstadiumcapacities（容量）slightlylower.Evensoccerfanstendtohaveaseateach;gonearethedaysofthousandsstandingtowatchthematch.Forthebiggeststadiumsintheworld,wehaveuseddatasuppliedbytheWorldAtlaslistsofar,whichranksthembytheirstatedpermanentcapacity,aswellasupdatedinformationfromofficialstadiumwebsites.Allthesestadiumsarestillfuntiona1,stillopenandstillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.Rungrado1stofMayStadium,PyongyangD.P.R.Korea.Capacity:150,000.Opened:May1,1989.MichiganStadium,AnnArbor,Michigan,U.S.Capacity:107,601.Opened:October1,1927.BeaverStadium,StateCollege,Pennsylvania,U.S.Capacity:106,572.Opened:September17,1960.OhioStadium,Columbus,Ohio,U.S.Capacity:104,944.Opened:October7,1922.KyleField,CollegeStation,Texas,U.S.Capacity:102,512.Opened:September24,1927.

HowmanypeoplecouldtheCircusMaximushold?A.104,944.B.107,601.C.About150,000.D.About250,000.Ofthefollowingstadiums,whichistheoldest?A.MichiganStadium.B.BeaverStadium.C.OhioStadium.D.KyleField.23.Whatdothelistedstadiumshaveincommon?A.Theyhostbiggames. B.Theyhavebecometouristattractions.C.TheywerebuiltbyAmericans. D.Theyarefavoredbyarchitects.BWhenalmosteveryonehasamobilephone,whyaremorethanhalfofAustralianhomesstillpayingforalandline（座机）？Thesedaysyou'dbehardssedtofindanyoneinAustraliaovertheageof15whodoesn 'townamobilephone.Infactplentyofyoungerkidshaveoneintheirpocket.Practicallyeveryonecanmakeandreceivecallsanywhere,anytime.Still,55percentofAustralianshavealandlinephoneathomeandonlyjustoveraquarter（29%）relyonlyontheirsmartphonesaccordingtoasurvey（调查）.OfthoseAustralianswhostillhavealandline,athirdconcedethatit'snotreallynecessaryandthey'rekeepingitasasecurityblanket—19percentsaytheyneveruseitwhileafurther13percentkeepitincaseofemergencies.Ithinkmyhomefallsintothatcategory.MorethanhalfofAustralianhomesarestillchoosingtostickwiththeirhomephone.Ageisnaturallyafactor（因素）一only58percentofGenerationYsstilluselandlinesnowandthen,comparedto84percentofBabyBoomerswhoveperhapshadthesamehomenumberfor50years.Ageisn'ttheonlyIfactorayit'salsotodowiththemakeupofyourhousehold.GenerationXerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstillfinditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamilymember.Thatsaid,tobehonesttheonlypeoplewhoeverringourhomephoneareourBabyBoomersparents,tothepointwhereweplayagameandguesswhoiscallingbeforewepickupthephone（usingCallerIDwouldtakethefunoutofit）.Howattachedareyoutoyourlandline?Howlonguntiltheygothewayofgasstreetlampsandmorningmilkdeliveries?Whatdoesparagraph2mainlytellusaboutmobilephones?A.Theirtargetusers. B.Theirwidepopularity.C.Theirmajorfunctions.D.Theircomplexdesign.

C.Theirmajorfunctions.D.Theircomplexdesign.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordconcede25.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordconcedeinparagraph3mean?A.Admit. B.Argue.C.Remember. D.Remark.WhatcanwesayaboutBabyBoomers?A.Theylikesmartphonegames.B.Theyenjoyguessingcallers ’identity.C.Theykeepusinglandlinephones.D.Theyareattachedtotheirfamily.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelandlinefromthelastparagraph?Itremainsafamilynecessity.Itwillfalloutofusesomeday.Itmayincreasedailyexpenses.Itisasimportantasthegaslight.CYou’veheardthatplasticispollutingtheoceans—between4.8and12.7milliontonnesenteroceanecosystemseveryyear.Butdoesoneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference?ArtistBenjaminVonWongwantsyoutoknowthatitdoes.Hebuildsmassivesculpturesoutofplasticgarbage,forcingviewerstore-examinetheirrelationshiptosingle-useplasticproducts.Atthebeginningoftheyear,theartistbuiltapiececalled“Strawpocalypse,ap”airof10-foot-tallplasticwaves,frozenmid-crash.Madeof168,000plasticstrawscollectedfromseveralvolunteerbeachcleanups,thesculpturemadeitsfirstappearanceattheEstellaPlaceshoppingcenterinHoChiMinhCity,Vietnam.Just9%ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled.Plasticstrawsarebynomeansthebiggestsource（来源）ofplasticpollution,butthey’verecentlycomeunderfirebecausemostpeopledon’tneedthemtodrinkwithand,becauseoftheirsmallsizeandweight,theycannotberecycled.Everystrawthat ’onsWpaorntgof’Vsartworklikelycamefromadrinkthatsomeoneusedforonlyafewminutes.Oncethedrinkisgone,thestrawwilltakecenturiestodisappear.Inapiecefrom2018,VonWongwantedtoillustrate（说明）aspecificstatistic:Every60seconds,atruckload’sworthofplasticenterstheocean.Forthiswork,titled“TruckloadofPlastic,”VonWongandagroupofvolunteerscollectedmorethan10,000piecesofplastic,whichwerethentiedtogethertolooklikethey’dbeendumped（倾倒）fromatruckallatonce.VonWonghopesthathisworkwillalsohelppressurebigcompaniestoreducetheirplasticfootprint.WhatareVonWong’sartworksintendedfor?

A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.A.Beautifyingthecityhelivesin.B.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.C.Drawingpublicattentiontoplasticwaste.D.Reducinggarbageonthebeach.29.Whydoestheauthordiscussplasticstrawsinparagraph3?Toshowthedifficultyoftheirrecycling.Toexplainwhytheyareuseful.C.Tovoicehisviewsonmodernart.D.Tofindasubstituteforthem.Whateffectwould “TruckloadofPlastic”haveonviewers?A.Calming. B.Disturbing.C.Refreshing. D.Challenging.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?Artists’OpinionsonPlasticSafetyMediaInterestinContemporaryArtResponsibilityDemandedofBigCompaniesOceanPlasticsTransformedintoSculpturesDDuringaninterviewforoneofmybooks,myinterviewersaidsomethingIstillthinkaboutoften.Annoyedbythelevelofdistraction（干扰）inhisopenoffice,hesaid,“That’swhyIhaveamembershipatthecoworkingspaceacrossthestreet—soIcanfocus”.Hiscommentstruckmeasstrange.Afterall,coworkingspacesalsotypicallyuseanopenofficelayout（布局）.ButIrecentlycameacrossastudythatshowswhyhisapproachworks.Theresearchersexaminedvariouslevelsofnoiseonparticipantsastheycompletedtestsofcreativethinking.Theywererandomlydividedintofourgroupsandexposedtovariousnoiselevelsinthebackground,fromtotalsilenceto50decibels（分贝）,70decibels,and85decibels.Thedifferencesbetweenmostofthegroupswerestatisticallyinsignificant;however,theparticipantsinthe70decibelsgroup—thoseexposedtoalevelofnoisesimilartobackgroundchatterinacoffeeshop—significantlyoutperformedtheothergroups.Sincetheeffectsweresmall,thismaysuggestthatourcreativethinkingdoesnotdifferthatmuchinresponsetototalsilenceand85decibelsofbackgroundnoise.Butsincetheresultsat70decibelsweresignificant,thestudyalsosuggeststhattherightlevelofbackgroundnoise—nottooloudandnottotalsilence—mayactuallyimproveonecrea’stivethinkingability.Therightlevelofbackgroundnoisemayinterruptournormalpatternsofthinkingjustenoughtoallowourimaginationstowander,withoutmakingitimpossibletofocus.Thiskindof “distraappeaocUsbethebeststateforworkingoncreativetasks.Sowhydosomanyofushateouropenoffices?Theproblemmaybethat,inouroffices,wecan'stopourselvesfromgettingdrawnintoothers 'conversationswhileweocus.Indeedtrhegeoearchersfoundthatface-to-faceinteractionsandconversationsaffectthecreativeprocess,andyetacoworkingspaceoracoffeeshopprovidesacertainlevelofnoisewhilealsoprovidingfreedomfrominterruptions.Whydoestheinterviewerpreferacoworkingspace?A.Ithelpshimconcentrate.B.Itblocksoutbackgroundnoise.C.Ithasapleasantatmosphere.D.Itencouragesface-to-faceinteractions.Whichlevelofbackgroundnoisemaypromotecreativethinkingability?A.Totalsilence.B.50decibelsC.70decibels.D.85decibels.Whatmakesanopenofficeunwelcometomanypeople?A.Personalprivacyunprotected.B.Limitedworkingspace.C.Restrictionsongroupdiscussion. D.Constantinterruptions.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?He'sanewsreporter.He'sanofficemanager.He'saprofessionaldesigner.He'sapublishedwriter.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。AccordingtoJessicaHagy,authorofHowtoBeInteresting,it'snotdifficulttomakyourselfinterestingatadinnerparty.36,ifyou're0youfcomfortzoneorifyou 'rewanderingintosomebodyorthefirststime.Sothemainthingisjusttoshowupandbeadventurous,tryingdifferentfoodsandtalkingtostrangers.Peoplelovetotalkaboutthemselves.Ifyoucanstarttheconversationwithaquestionotherthan“Whatdoyoudoforaliving?,you"llbeabletogetalotmoreinterestingconversationoutofwhomeveritisyou 'retalkingto.37,itcanbringinIhave“thisold,broken-downvehicleor“Irodethebuswiththesecrazypeoplewhowerelaughingatsillyjokesintheback. "Itjustopensupconversation.（讲台）.If38—?Ifyoucan'ttaketheirwineaway,youshouldcertainlytrytotakeawaytheirsoapbox（讲台）.Ifsituation.39.Andwhataboutthatotherdinner-partykiller:awkwardsilence?Ifyou'refacedwithanawkwardsilenceatadinnerparty,theonlythingthatalwaysgetseveryonetalkingagainistogivethehostacompliment（赞扬）.40.Justquicklyturnaroundandsay,“Thiscakeisextremelydeliciousandyouhavetotellmeallaboutit.Sobeinginterestingatadinnerpartyisn'tthathard.HowdoyouknowthehostThefirststepistogoexploringIfyouaskthequestion “Howdidyougethere?”BepreparedtohaveawkwardconversationswithstrangersOrturntheconversationintoatopicwheretheyhavelittletosayWhataboutthatpersonwhohadtoomuchtodrinkorwon 'tstoptalkingGHeorsheisthepersonwhoisfeelingtheweightofthatawkwardnessthemost第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Simplysayingthankyoudoesn'tseemenoughincertainsituations.Iwasconsideringthiswhileworkingasa41justafewweeksago.Anditcametomethenhowmucheasieritwouldbeifwehadarangeofwordsthatexpressdifferent42ofgratitude（感谢）Mythoughtsweresoon43.Wehadawomanpatientwhowas44fromakneereplacementoperation.Oneafternoon,while45togetintobedshecollapsed（倒下）fromwhatwas46discoveredtobeaheartattack.Thecollapsewasdisastrous,47theemergencymedicalteamandgoodteamwork.Butsherecovered,though48_,andwasreadyfordischarge（出院）afterfourweeks.Shewas49foreverythingthatthemedicalandnursingteamhaddoneforher.Onherdayofdischarge,wesharedinher50atherrecovery.Asshewas51shewaseagertosay52toeachofusinthenursingteam.Whenshe53onenurse,shetriedtopressafive-poundnoteintoherhand.Mycolleague_54toacceptit,sayingthatwewerealljust55ourjob.Thepatientlookedpuzzled,andthen56: "Ohthisisn'tforthe_57_Ihad.Itakethatasa58.No,thisisforsettingmyhairyesterday. ”Andthereyouhaveit.Tomanypeople,59livesispartofthejobstylinghairisan60andshouldberewarded.

41.A.cleanerB.chemistC.nurseD.doctor42.A.gradesB.meaningsC.needsD.expectations43.A.brushedasideC.broughtunderdiscussionB.puttothetestD.takenintoaccount44.A.departingB.escapingC.retiringD.recovering45.A.attemptingB.choosingC.pausingD.promising46.A.eventuallyBfortunatelyC.casuallyD.secretly47.A.assessingB.requiringC.formingD.proving48.A.slightlyB.accidentallyC.slowlyD.happily49.A.gratefulB.thoughtfulC.sorrowfulD.fearful50.A.surpriseB.delightC.curiosityD.disappointment51.A.operatingB.thinkingC.hesitatingD.leaving52.A.sorryB.helloC.goodbyeD.yes53A.reachedB.consultedC.introducedD.persuaded54.A.wishedB.pretendedC.failedD.refused55.A.enjoyingB.doingC.securingD.starting56.A.repeatedB.recitedC.replied D.reported57.A.courageB.patienceC.dutyD.care58.A.goalB.givenC.push D.greeting59.A.riskingB.changingC.savingD.building60.A.honourB.abilityC.openingD.extra第二节（共10小题；每小题1.阅读卜面短文，在空白处填入5分，满分15分）1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ecotourismiscommonlyregardedaslowimpact(影响)traveltoundisturbedplaces.Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelertobecome61 (educate)abouttheareas-bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandculturalcharacteristics,andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthe62(develop)ofthelocalareas.Ecotou