中考-代词讲解

考点一：人称代词分类\第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格IweVOUVOU*hesheitthev*■,宾格meusVOUVOUhimheritthem用法口诀：人称代词分两格，主格宾格来分说；主格定把主语作，宾格作宾不会错。1、“1（我）”不论在什么地方都要大写。IstudyEnglisheveryday.2、“5卜6”常常代替国家，城市，宠物等，表示一种亲密或爱抚的感情。IliveinChina。Sheisagreatcountry.3、“it”有时也可指人。（敲门，打电话）It'sme.Openthedoor,please.4、人称代词并用时，单数为第二人称，第三人称，第一人称；复数为第一人称，第二人称，第三人称；you,heandIhelpus,youandthem5、在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not后多用宾格. Havemorewine? Notme IlikeEnglish. Metoo.

考点二：物主代词\^称分£\\第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数形容词性mvourvour*VOUI*hisheritstheir名词性mineoursvonrsVOUF科hishersitstheirs用法口诀：物主代词两类型，形容词性、名词性。形容词性作定语，后面定把名词用。名词性、独立用，主宾表语它都充。考点三：反身代词、、、人称分类、第一人称第二人称第三人称单数mvselfvourselfhimselfhei"selfitself复数ourselvesvoui*selvesthemselves用法口诀：反身代词表自身，句中可作两成分:表示强调同位语，宾语动作回自身。常见搭配：enjoyoneself,helponeselfto,teachoneself,byoneself,foroneself,makeoneselfathome,loseoneselfin….teachesusEnglish.(She,Her)[She].Pleaselookafter.(him,he)[him].teacherisayoungman.(Our,Ours)[Our].Thatisn'tmybike.It′s(her,hers).[hers].Wewillbuildthefactory.(ourselves,us)[ourselves].HeteachesEnglish.(himself,his)[himself] 练习题：.Mypenisbroken.MayIuse?A.youB.yoursC.yourselfD.your. Arethesecoats? No,theyaren't.arehere.A.your,OursB.your,WeC.you,OursD.you,Our.Don'tloseincomputergames,boys.A.yourselfB.yourselvesC.himselfD.themselves.Where'syourmother?Ican'tfindanywhere.sheB.herC.heD.him.Mike'swordsaredifferentfrom.Wereallycan'tagreewith.A.ours,himB.ours,he'sC.us,himD.us,hissawplayinginthestreetatthattime.A.themB.theyC.theirD.theirs7Thepenishers.Passitto,please.A.herB.sheC.hersD.herself.WeatthepartylastSunday.A.enjoyedmyselfB.enjoyedourselvesC.enjoymyselfD.enjoyedthemselves.LetTonydoitby.HeisnolongerakidA.himB.hisC.himselfD.he10.Ourroomisbig,butisbiggerthan.A.their;ourB.their;oursC.theirs;oursD.theirs;ourOnlyknowit.A.IandheB.heandyouC.heandID.Iandyou12."Makeathome."hesaidtohisfriends.A.yourselfB.yourselvesC.youD.yours13.CouldyouhelpwithEnglish?A.I,myB.me,meC.me,myD.my,I14.Wecan’tleavemygrandparentsby.A.theyB.themC.themselvesD.their15.Mary,pleaseshowyourpicture.A.myB.mineC.ID,me 练习题答案：(温馨提示：一定要做完以后看看答案哦！)1-5BABBA6-10AABCC11-15CBCCD考点四：指示代词单数复数用法thisthese近指thatthose匹指1.it,one,that作代词的区别①it指上文提到过的事物。②?one泛指上下文提及的同类事物中的一个。③that常用于比较结构中，代替前面提到的名词，避免重复.(1)Ihavemanybooks.Whichdoyoulike?[one](2)Thebookismine.isveryinteresting.[It](3)TheweatherinBeijingismuchcolderthaninHainan.[that]2.it的几种特殊用法①有时用来代替小孩和婴儿。Who'sthisboyinthepicture?It?sme.②不知姓名或是谁时。Whoisitatthedoor?It?sJim.③作形式宾语或形式主语时It'seasytoclimbthehill.IfounditinterestingtolearnEnglish. 练习题：-Look,whoiscoming?-mustbeourEnglishteacher.A.SheB.HeC.ItD.ThisIfoundnoteasytogetonwithhim.A.thatB.itC.thisD.oneThepopulationofChinaismuchlargerthanofChina.A.itB.thatC.oneD.thisIfoundimportanttoreadEnglishinthemorning.A.itB.thatC.whichD.itsIhavesomeappleshere.Youcanhave.A.oneB.itC.thatD.thosetreesareplantedlastyear.A.ThisB.ThereC.ThoseD.That 练习题答案：（温馨提示：一定要做完以后看看答案哦！）1-6CBBAAC考点五：不定代词只修饰可数名词只修饰不可数名词修饰可数名词、不可数名词inanv;*anumberofthenumberofmuchalotof=lotsoffew,fewlittle^alittle&ome.anv■ imany,much的区别①Hedoesn'thavetimetofinishhiswork.(many,much)[much]②arereadingbooks.(many,much)[Many]anumberof,thenumberof的区别anumberof+名词复数做主语时，谓语动词用复数。thenumberof+名词复数做主语时，谓语动词用单数。①Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis54.②Anumberofstudentsareplantingtrees.③Anumberofworkersinthatfactoryarewomenworkers.④Thenumberoftheteachersinourschoolisverylarge.few,afew,little,alittle的区别©Thereareminutesleft.Hurryup.(few,afew)[few]②Don’tworry.Ihavemoneyhere.(little,alittle)[alittle]some,any的区别some一般用于肯定句中，any用于否定句和疑问句中。©Ihavesomebooks,butIdon'thaveanypens.②Thereisnotanymeatinmybowl.Thereissomechickeninit.提示板：some有时也可用于疑问句中，表示劝告，请求或建议。any用于肯定句中，表示“任何一个”©Wouldyoulikesometea?②MayIaskyousomequestions?③Youcanborrowanyofthethreebooks.noone和nonenone后跟of短语，既可指人又可指物，noone只单独使用，只指人。none作主语，谓语动词用单，复数均可；noone作主语谓语动词只能是单数。Noneofyoucouldliftit. Didanyone call me upjust now? Noone. Howmanyboys are in theroom? None.anyone和anyoneanyone仅指人，anyone既可指人，也可指物。+ofDoesanyoneofyouknowit?every和eachevery:1）强调全体的概念；2）指三个以上的人或物（含三个）；3）只作形容词，不可单独使用；4）有反复重复的意思；5）every与not连用，表示部分否定each:1）强调个体概念；2）指两个以上的人或物（含两个）；3）可作代词或形容词；4）each和not连用表示全部否定。Everystudentinourschoolworkshard.Eachstudentmayhaveonebook.Everystudenthastotakeone.Eachboyhastotakeone.Eachoftheboyshastotakeone.everytwoweeksEverymanisnothonest.Eachmanisnothonest.both（两者都），either（两者中任何一个），neither（两者都不）。以上词使用范围为两个人或物。Neitherofthetwoboysisclever.both与复数连用，either与单数连用。Boththeboysareclever.Eitherofthetwoboysisclever.Thereareflowersonbothsidesofthestreet.=Thereareflowersoneithersideofthestreet.Eitherwayisright.all（所有的，全部的人或物），any（任何一个），none（都不）。以上词使用范围为三者以上。Alltheflowersaregone.Idon'tlikeanyoftheflowers.Ilikenoneoftheflowers.注意：all与none用法一样。跟单数名词，用单数动词；跟复数名词，用复数动词。Allofthestudentsarethere.All（of）themilkisthere.ita.代替事物，动物:It’sacat.b.代替人:It?sme.c.代替上文的句子:Hesavedme,I’llneverforgetit.d.代替天气，温度，时间，距离：It’scoldtoday.It?s5:00.f.作形式主语，形式宾语;It'simportanttostudyEnglishwell.Ifounditdifficulttoreachthere.g.用于强调句型.It'sJohnthat/whoworehisnewcoat.

考点六：复合不定代词指人肯定句someonesomebodyeveryoneeverybody否定或辕问句anyoneanybody通用everyoneeverybodynobodynoone指物肯定句something杳定或疑问句anything通用everythingnothing 练习题：1)Ihaveimportanttotellyou.(something,anything)2)Idon'tknowelseaboutit.(something,anything)3)Don’tworry,isOK.(nothing,everything)Youlooksohappy! JacksaysIamverybeautiful.hasevertoldmethatbefore.(Everybody,Nobody)Thebottleisempty.Thereisinit.(something,nothing) 练习题答案：(温馨提示：一定要做完以后看看答案哦！)somethinganythingeverythingNobodynothing考点七：疑问代词，连接代词和关系代词主格宾格所有格指人whowhomwhose指物whatwhose指人或物whichwhose 练习题：1)rulerisyours,thisoneorthatone?(What,Which)2)bagisthis?(Who,Whose)3)isshe?(Who,Whom)Aboutdidtheytalkjustnow?(who,whom)DidyouunderstandIsaid?(what,that)-isthatmanoverthere? He'sMrGreen.A.WhatB.WhichC.HowD.Who isyourclassmateJohnlike? He'sverytall.A.HowB.WhatC.WhoD.Which 练习题答案：(温馨提示：一定要做完以后看看答案哦！)WhichWhoseWhowhomwhatDB【典题精炼】Thoughitrainedheavily,werestillplayingontheplayground.A.theyB.themC.theirD.themselves.Hethoughtalittledifficulttoworkoutthismathsproblem.A.thereB.itC.thisD.thatSorryIhaveforgottelephonenumber.A.yoursB.himC.youD.hisisyoursister?-Sheisanurse.A.WhatB.WhichC.HowD.Whoonedoyoulike,theblueoneortheredone?A.WhatB.WhichC.ThatD.ThisTheyalllostinthebeautifulmusic.A.themB.themselvesC.theirD.theirsListentome.Ihavetotellyou.A.anythingnewB.somethingnewC.newsomethingD.nothingnew-Arethesetwobooksint