运动心理学家奥运心理干预研究结论与参考文献,体育心理学论文

运动心理学家奥运心理干预研究结论与以下为参考文献,体育心理学论文本篇论文目录导航：【题目】【绪论】【2.12.2】【2.3-2.7】【第三章】【4.14.2】【4.64.7】【第五章】【结论/以下为参考文献】运动心理学家奥运心理干涉研究结论与以下为参考文献第六章结论本研究以备战2004年雅典奥运会聘请的心理专家组成员作为研究对象，运用质性研究的理论与方式方法，详细应用文献资料法、理论研究法、访谈法等，讨论这些运动心理学家在针对重大国际赛事的国家队进行的心理学服务情况，包括他们心理干涉的内容、心理干涉经过、基本的工作形式与状态、应该具备的职业素质和伦理修养以及他们各自在开展工作的经过当中所遭到的社会支持等，得出结论如下：1.运动心理学专家心理学服务工作中主要碰到的心理问题有：认知与技能学习、应激管理、运动技、战术训练、动机问题、注意力、人际关系、团队凝聚力、大赛中的心理应对、饮食异常、睡眠异常、运动损伤、想赢怕输、运发动文化水平问题、迷信问题、意志品质问题、自我意识。心理学服务中最多的心理问题是认知与技能学习〔11人报告，占总人数的100%〕和大赛中的心理应对〔11人报告，占总人数的100%〕，最少见的心理问题是饮食异常〔1人报告，占总人数的9%〕。针对上述问题运用心理技能类、训练方式方法类、辅助手段、心理治疗、心理强化、组织干涉技巧〔淡化处理〕、用户定向原则几个方面对这些心理问题进行干涉。报告使用最多的是问题解决方式方法，全部人员均报告过使用了此方式方法，最少的是组织干涉技巧〔淡化处理〕的有2人，占总人数的18%.2.运动心理学专家服务的经过主要分为任务定向和需求定向两类，一般在观察运发动训练之后以个体咨询或集体咨询、个人访谈、进行心理训练作为心理学服务的主要经过。在服务经过中心理学家获得来自上级主管部门和运动队管理层包括教练员、领队和运发动的社会支持，工作开展比拟顺利的有9人次，没有获得来自运动队管理层的社会支持，工作开展不顺利，无法到达预期目的的有4人次。3.运动心理学专家主要的工作形式有：咨询形式、临床形式、多学科体育科学形式和综合管理咨询形式。本研究中运动心理学专家最常用的是综合管理咨询形式。4.运动心理学专家以为重要的职业素质包括：心理学理论知识的基础、对运动项目了解、需具有创新精神、亲和力、信任感、灵敏性、创造性、真诚、具有服务意识、热情和敏锐的洞察力等人格特征。5.根据实际工作经历体验，对将来运动心理学人才的培养上要注重〔1〕心理的专业知识〔2〕运动实践经历体验〔3〕临床实践〔4〕个人交往和沟通能力〔5〕体育相关领域的知识等培养〔6〕督导的指导下一定时数的运动队一线实习经历。以下为参考文献：[1]AilsaG.Anderson,AndrewMiles,CraigMahoney,PaulRobinson〔2002〕。Evaluatingtheeffectivenessofappliedsportpsychologypractice:makingthecaseforacasestudyapproach[J].TheSportPsychologist,2002,16,432-453.[2]AlisaG.Anderson,ZoeKnowles,DavidGilbourne〔2004〕。Reflectivepracticeforsportpsychologists:comcepts,models,practicalimplications,andthoughtsondissemination[J].TheSportPsychologist,2004,18,188-203.[3]AndrewW.Meyers〔1997〕。SportPsychologyServicetotheUnitedStatesOlympicFestival:AnExperientialAccount[M].HumanKincticsPublishers.Inc.1997,454-468.[4]ArturPoczwardowski,ClayP.Sherman,KenRavizza〔2004〕.Professionalphilosophyinthesportpsychologyservicedelivery:buildingontheoryandpractice[J].TheSportPsychologist,2004,18,445-463.[5]Biddle,S.J.H.〔1997〕。Currenttrendsinsportandexercisepsychologyresearch[J].ThePsychologist:BulletinoftheBritishPsychologicalSociety,1997,10〔2〕，63-69.[6]Biddle,S.J.H.,Markland,D.,Gilbourne,D.,Chatzisarantis,N.L.D.,Sparkes,A.C.〔2001〕。Researchmethodsinsportandexercisepsychology:Quantitativeandqualitativeissues[J].JournalofSportsSciences,2001,19,777-809.[7]Bogdan,R.,Biklen,S.K.〔1992〕。QualitativeResearchforEducation:AnIntroductiontoTheoryandMethods[M].Boston:AllynBacon,1992.[8]Bompa,T.O.〔1999〕。Periodization.TheoryandMethodologyofTraining〔4thed.〕[M].Champaign,IL:HumanKinetics,1999.[9]Botterill,C.〔1990〕。SportPsychologyandprofessionalhockey[J].TheSportpsychologist,1990,4,358-368.[10]Bouthcer,S.H.,Rotella,R.J.〔1987〕。Apsychologicalskillseducationalprogramforclosedskillperformanceenhancement[J].TheSportPsychologist,1987,1,127-137.[11]Brewer,B.W,VanRaalte,J.L.,Petitpas,A.J.,Bachman,A.D.,Weinhold,R.A.〔1998〕。NewspaperportrayalsofsportpsychologyintheUnitedStates,1985-1993[J].TheSportpsychologist,1998,12,89-94.[12]Bull,S.J.〔1995〕。Reflectionsona5-yearconsultancyprogramwiththeEnglandwomenscricketteam[J].TheSportPsychologist,1995,9,148-163.[13]Burgess,R.G.〔1984〕。Inthefield:AnIntroductiontoFieldResearch.London:GeorgeAllen[M],UinwinLtd.,1984.[14]Byra,M.,GocKarp,G.〔2000〕。Datacollectiontechniquesemployedinqualitativeresearchinphysicaleducation[J].JournalofTeachinginPhysicalEducation,2000,19,246-266.[15]Conroy,D.E.,Benjamin,L.S.〔2001〕。Psychodynamicsinsportperformanceenhancementconsultation:Applicationofaninterpersonaltheory[J].TheSportPsychologist,2001,15,103-117.[16]Corey,G.〔1995〕。TheoryandPracticeofGroupCounseling〔4thed.〕[M].PacificGrove,CA:Brooks/Cole,1995.[17]Cote,J.,Salmela,J.,Trudel,P,Baria,A.,Russell,S〔1995〕。Thecoachingmodel:Agroundedassessmentofexpertgymnasticcoachesknowledge[J].JounrnalofSportandExercisePsychology,1995,17〔1〕，1-17.[18]Cote,J.,Salmela,J.H.,Baria,A.,Russell,S.J.〔1993〕。Organizingandinterpretingunstructuredqualitativedata[J].TheSportPsychologist,1993,7,127-137.[19]Cote,J.,Salmela,J.H.,Russel,S.J.〔1995〕。Theknowledgeofhigh-performancegymnasticscoaches:Methodologicalframework[J].TheSportPsychologist,1995,9,65-75.[20]Creswell,J.W.〔1998〕。QualitativeInquiryandResearchDesign:ChoosingamongFiveTraditions[M].ThousandOaks,CA:ThousandOaks,CA:SagePublicationsInc,1998.[21]Crewell,J.W〔1996〕。ResearchDesignQualitativeQuantitativeApproaches[M].ThousandOaks,CA:SagePublicationsInc.,1994.[22]D.GantWard,ScottD.Sandstedt,RichardH.Cox,NielsC.Beck〔2005〕。Athlete-CounselingCompetenciesforU.S.PsychologistsWorkingWithAthletes[J].TheSportPsychologist,2005,19〔3〕。[23]Dale,G.A.〔1996〕。Existentialphenomenology:Emphasizingtheexperienceoftheathleteinsportpsychologyresearch[J].TheSportPsychologist,1996,10,307-321.[24]DanielS.Kirschenbaum,WilliamD.Parham,ShaneM.Murphy〔1993〕。ProvisionofSportPsychologyServicesatOlympicEvents:The1991U.S.OlympicFestivalandBeyond[J].TheSportPsychologist,1993,7,441-447.[25]Danish,S.J.,Hale,B.D.〔1981〕。Towardanunderstandingofthepracticeofsportpsychology[J].JournalofSportPsychology,1981,3,90-99.[26]Danish,S.J.,Petitpas,A.J.,Hale,B.D.〔1992〕。Adevelopmental-educationalinterventionmodelofsportpsychology[J].TheSportPsycholog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