分词作状语用法

分词作状语用法是所有分词用法中最重要的，也是最难掌握的。分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。一、现在分词作状语一、现在分词作状语，表主动、进行，相当于一个状语从句，根据需要可以使用被动式或完成式。Studyingatthehometown,Ienjoyedthehappiesttimeduringmylife.Beingill,shecan'tgotoworktoday.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandjumping.Hesentmeane-mail, togetfurtherinformation.A.hoped B.hoping C.tohope D.hopeSuddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage thegirlandtookheraway, intothewoods.A.seizing;disappeared B.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearing D.seized;disappearing二、现在分词的时态语态.现在分词的一般式由“动词+ing”构成，其被动式为“being+动词过去分词”。例如：ThestudentsstandingtherearefromClassThree.TheEnglishnovelbeingtranslatedbytheeditornowwillbecompletedinOctober..现在分词的完成式由“having+动词过去分词”构成，其被动式为“having+been+动词过去分词”。例如：Havingfinishedallthework,theyhadagoodrest.Havingbeengiventherightanswer,theteacheraskedmetositdown.Givenmoretime,wewillfinishtheworkintime..现在分词的否定式为“not+动词-ing”，被动式的否定式为“not+being+动词过去分词”，其完成式的否定式为“not+having+动词过去分词”。例如：Notknowingwhattodo,hesattherecrying.Notbeingnoticedbythepublic,theyoungwriterfeltalittlepity. fromhearttroubleforyears,ProfessorWhitehastotakesomemedicinewithhimwhereverhegoes.A.SufferedB.SufferingC.HavingsufferedD.BeingsufferedA.SufferedB.SufferingC.HavingsufferedD.BeingsufferedFindinghercarstolen, .B.theareawassearchedthoroughlyD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp表被动。B.theareawassearchedthoroughlyD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelp表被动。C.itwaslookedforeverywhere二、过去分词作状语过去分词只有一种形式，即doneThemothercamein,followedbyherson.Whenheated，waterwillbeturnedintosteam.Deeplymovedbythefilm,weallcried.Bornintoapoorfamily,hehadnomorethantwoyearsofschooling.fromthetopoftheTVtower,andwecangetabeautifulsightofmostofthecity.A.ToseeB.SeenC.Seeing D.See in1613,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStated.A.beingfoundedB.FoundedC.ItwasfoundedD.Founding三、过去分词与V-ing作状语的区别分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。V-ing表示主动、进行的动作；2.过去分词表示被动。Seenfromadistance,themountainlookedlikeanelephant.Seeingthemountain,healwaysthinksofhischildhood. inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.Towait B.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited aloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedastocry.A.LeavingB.LeftC.TobeleftD.Havingleftbythebeautyofnature,thegirlfromLondondecidedtospendanothertwodaysonthefarms.A.AttractingB.AttractedC.TobeattractedD.HavingattractedThechildrenranoutoftheroom, .AlaughedandjumpedBTolaughandjumpClaughingandjumpingDlaughandjump用所给词的适当形式填空 (see)fromthetopofthehill,thecitylooksbeautifultous. (give)time,he’llmakeafirstclasstennisplayer. (look)outofthewindow,Ifoundmanychildrenplayingontheplayground.3、连词+分词做状语：分词做状语常和某些连词连用，表示分词是做什么状语，常见的和分词连用的连词有When,because,if,though,once,unless等。Generallyspeaking, accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.WhentakingB.whentakenC.whentotakeD.whentobetaken,thisfilmcanneverbeenforgotten.AOnceseeingBoncehavingseenCOnceseenDOncetosee四、分词作状语相当于状语从句分词在句中作状语时,其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语。一、用作时间状语，分词(短语)用作时间状语通常可转换成由when,while,after,before等引导时间状语从句。典型例句Seeingthecat,themouseranoff.=When[Assoonas]themousesawthecat,itranoff.高考实例When differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthemanysimilarities.A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcompared二、用作原因状语，分词(短语)用作原因状语通常可转换成由as,because,since,nowthat等引导的原因状语从句。Beingveryweak,shecouldn'tmove.=Asshewasveryweak,shecouldn’tmove. withsomuchtrouble,wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface forthebreakdownoftheschoolcomputernetwork,Alicewasinlowspirits.A.BlamingB.BlamedC.ToblameD.Tobeblamed三、用作条件状语，分词(短语)用作条件状语通常可转换成由从属连词if引导的条件状语从句。典型例句Workinghard,youwillsucceed.=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter.=Ifwehadbeengivenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitbetter. time,he’llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given四、用作让步状语，分词(短语)用作让步状语通常可转换成由从属连词though,although,nomatter…等引导的让步状语从句。Althoughlivingmilesaway,heattendedthecourse.=Althoughhelivedmilesaway,heattendedthecourse.Defeated,heremainedapopularboxer.=Thoughthewasdefeated,heremainedapopularboxer.Nomatterhowfrequently ,theworksofBeethovenstillattractpeopleallovertheworld.A.performed B.performingC.tobeperformedD.beingperformed五、用作伴随状语，表示的动作伴随句子谓语动作同时发生，即句子谓语所表示的动作为主要动作，分词短语所表示的动作伴随性的次要动作。典型例句Hesatinthechairreadinganewspaper.Don'tyousittheredoingnothing.Hecamein,followedbyhiswife.Don’tsitthere nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.A.doB.todoC.doingD.anddoingMycousincametoseemefromthecountry, meafullbasketoffreshfruits.A.broughtB.bringingC.tobringD.hadbroughtWheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,always thesamething.A.sayingB.saidC.tosayD.havingsaidWeoftenprovideourchildrenwithtoys,footballsorbasketballs, thatallchildrenlikethesethings.A.thinkingB.thinkC.tothinkD.thought六、用作结果状语，分词(短语)用作结果状语时，通常可转换成并列句。典型例句Hedied,leavinghiswifewithfivechildren.=Hediedandlefthiswifewithfivechildren.Heglancedoverather, thatthoughshewastiny,sheseemedverywellputtogether.A.notingB.notedC.tonoteD.havingnotedOilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear, arecordUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.A.havereached B.reachingC.toreach D.tobereaching课后练习题 aloneinthedarkroom,thelittleboywassofrightenedastocry.A.LeavingB.LeftC.TobeleftD.Havingleft in