tpo1-34解析包中含审核后题目可作为权威真题-阅读翻译29reading

CharacteristicsofRomanThepotteryofancientRomansisremarkableinseveralways.ThehighqualityofRomanpotteryisveryeasytoappreciatewhenhandlingactualpiecesoftablewareorindeedkitchenwareandamphorae(thelargejarsusedthroughouttheMediterraneanforthetransportandstorageofliquids,suchaswineandoil).However,itisimpossibletodojusticetoRomanwaresonthepage,evenwhenwordscanbebackedupbyphotographsanddrawing.MostRomanpotteryislightandsmoothtotouchandverytough,although,likeallpottery,itshattersifdroppedonahardsurface.Itisgenerallymadewithcarefullyselectedandpurifiedclay,workedtothin-walledandstandardizedshapesonafastwheelandfiredinakiln(potteryoven)capableofensuringaconsistentfinish.Withhandmadepottery,inevitablythereareslightdifferencesbetweenindividualvesselsofthesamedesignandoccasionalminorblemishes(flaws).ButwhatstrikestheeyeandthetouchmostimmediayandmostpowerfullywithRomanpotteryisitsconsistenthighquality. 或酒或油之类液体的大型陶罐）时， 快速旋转的圆盘上制成壁薄而形状标准的坯子，然后放入陶器窑结，并确保Thisisnotjustanaestheticconsiderationbutalsoapracticalone.Thesearesolid(brittle,butnotfragile),theyarepleasantandeasytohandle(beinglightandsmooth),and,withtheirhardandsometimesglossy(smoothandshiny)surfaces,holdliquidswellandareeasytowash.Furthermore,theirregularandstandardizedshapeswouldhavemadethemsimpletostackandstore.WhenpeopletodayareshownaveryordinaryRomanpotand,inparticular,areallowedtohandleit,theyoftencommentonhowmodernitlooksandfeels,andtheyneedtobeconvincedofitstrueage.于很难相信其实际。AsimpressiveasthequalityofRomanpotteryisitssheermassiveWhenconsideringties,wewouldideallyliketohavesomeestimatesforoverallproductionfromparticularsitesofpotterymanufactureandforoverallconsumptionatspecificsettlements.Unfortunay,itisinthenatureofthearchaeologicalevidence,whichisalmostinvariablyonlyasampleofwhatonceexisted,thatsuchfigureswillalwaysbeelusive.However,noonewhohaseverworkedinthefieldwouldquestiontheabundanceofRomanpottery,particularlyintheMediterraneanregion.ThisabundanceisnotableinRomansettlements(especiallyurbansites)wherethelaborthatarchaeologistshavetoputintothewashingandsortingofpotsherds(fragmentsofpottery)constitutesahighproportionofthetotalworkduringtheinitialphasesof和其高质量一样让人印象深刻的是罗马陶器的巨大的数量。当确定数量时，我们常喜欢去评估某一陶器生产地点生产陶器的总量以及某地居民对陶器的消。陶器数量之多在罗马人区（尤其是城市遗址动力去和整理陶器碎片。Onlyrarelycanwederiveany“real”tiesfromdepositsofbrokenHowever,thereisoneexceptionaldump,whichdoesrepresentaverylargepartofthesite’stotalhistoryofconsumptionandforwhichanestimateoftyhasbeenproduced.OntheleftbankoftheTiberRiverinRome,byoneoftheriverportsoftheancientcity,isasubstantialhillsome50metershighcalledMonteTestaccio.Itismadeupentirelyofbrokenoilamphorae,mainlyofthesecondandthirdA.D.IthasbeenestimatedthatMonteTestacciocontainstheremainsofsome53millionamphorae,inwhicharound6,000millionlitersofoilwereimportedintothecityfromoverseas.ImportsintoimperialRomeweresupportedbythefullmightofthestateandwerethereforequiteexceptional——butthesizeoftheoperationsatMonteTestaccio,andtheproductivityandcomplexitythatlaybehindthem,nonethelesscannotfailtoimpress.Thiswasasocietywithsimilaritiestomodernonemovinggoodsonagiganticscale,manufacturinghigh-qualitycontainerstoso,andoccasionally,ashere,evendiscardingthemon马第伯尔河左岸上一座古代城市码头的旁边有一座约50Monte山上约有5300万只油罐并由此从海口了约6亿升的油。向罗马进口货MonteTestaccio的制Romanpotterywastransportednotonlyin tiesbutalsosubstantialdistances.ManyRomanpots,inparticularamphoraeandthefinewaresdesignedforuseattables,couldtravelhundredsofallovertheMediterraneanandalsofurtherafield.ButmapsthatshowthevariousspotswhereRomanpotteryofaparticulartypehasbeenfoundlonlypartofthestory.Whatismoresignificantthananygeographicalspreadistheaccessthatdifferentlevelsofsocietyhadtogood-qualitypro