虚拟语气(1)课件-高三英语二轮复习

英语动词语气总结陈述语气祈使语气虚拟语气虚拟语气

定义:说话者用来表示假设，或难以实现的情况，而非客观存在的事实，所陈述的是一个条件，不一定是事实，甚至完全与事实相反。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气总结：1·与事实相反的假设2·表达愿望，请求，建议，命令，等虚拟语气表“不可能”假设与现在相反与将来相反（可能性小）与过去相反对现在的相反表示与现在事实相反的情况,条件从句的谓语动词用过去式,主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。·IfIhadenoughmoney,Iwouldbuymyselfacomputerfirstofall.如果我有足够的钱,我首先要为自己买一台电脑。·IfIweretenyearsyounger,Iwouldstartalloveragain.如果我再年轻十岁,我会从头开始的。表示与过去事实相反的情况，条件从句中谓语动词用haddone（过去完成时）,主句谓语动词用should/would/could/mighthavedone对过去的相反·Ifwehadhadenoughrainlastyear,wecouldhavegainedagoodharvest.如果去年雨水充足的话，我们可能会有一个好收成的。·Ifyouhadworkedhard,youwouldhaveeasilypassedthefinalexamination如果你当时努力学习的话，就会轻松通过期末考试的。表示与将来事实相反的情况,条件从句中谓语动词可用过去式、should+动词形”或“wereto+动词原形”，主句谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。对将来的相反·IfIsaw/shouldsee/weretoseehimtomorrow,Iwouldinvitehimhome.如果明天见到他,我会邀请他到我家。·Ifitwere/shouldbefinetomorrow,Iwouldgoonatrip.如果明天天气好的话,我就去旅游。if引导的条件状语从句的虚拟语气的其他用法(1)省略连词if。在书面语中，如果虚拟条件从句中有were，had或should，可以把if省略，把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装。•

Shouldhecome(lfheshouldcome),tellhimtoringmeup他要是来了，让他给我打个电话•Werelyou(lfIwereyou),Iwouldnotdoit.我要是你，就不做这事。1.Ifl____wherehelived,I____anotetohim.A.knew,wouldB.hadknown,wouldhavesentC.know,wouldsendD.knew,wouldhavesent2.Ididn’tknowhistelephonenumber.it_____,l_____then.

A.HadIknown,wouldringhimup

B.ShouldIknow,wouldhaverunghimupC.lf

lknew;wouldringhimupD.HadIknown;wouldhaverunghimup3.Maryisilltoday.Ifshe_____,she_____absentfromschool.A.werenotill;wouldn'tbeB.hadbeenill;wouldn'thavebeenC.hadbeenill;shouldhavebeenD.hadn'tbeenill;couldbe4.WereItodoit,I_________itsomeotherway.A.willdoB.woulddoC.wouldhavedoneD.weretodo以下两种句型中,主语从句常用虚拟语气,谓语动词用“(should十)动词原形”1.Itis/wasimportant/necessary/essential/impossible/that...或Itis/wasarule/ashame/asurprise/nowonderthat..Itisveryimportantthatone(should)mastertheskillsofcomputer.掌握电脑技能对于每个人来说都是非常重要的。Itisarulethateveryone(should)obeythelaws.条例规定每个人都应该遵守法律。2.Itis/wasadvised/suggested/required/decidedthatItisadvisedthatone(should)takeplentyofboiledwater.建议每个人都多喝开水Itisrequiredthatthestudents(should)learnaforeignlanguage.学生们被要求必须学一门外语。主语从句中的虚拟语气1.itisquitenaturalthatmycominglateagain_____themveryangry.

A.hadmadeB.wouldmakeC.makesD.make.2.Itisimportantthatwe_____.A.shallclosethewindowbeforeweleaveB.willclosethewindowbeforeweleaveC.mustclosethewindowbeforeweleaveD.closethewindowbeforeweleave1.在wish后的宾语从句中,用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反;用“could/would+动词原形"表示与将来事实相反;用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反●IwishIweretenyearsyounger.但愿我能年轻十岁，2.在wouldrather后的宾语从句中,用一般过去时表示与现在或将来事实相反;用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反●I’dratheryoucametomorrowthantoday.我宁愿你明天来,而不是今天。3.表示“坚持要、建议、命令、要求”的动词insist、demand、require、request、propose、suggest、command、order等后面的宾语从句中,谓语动词习惯上用“(should+)动词原形”●HeinsistedthatI(should)cometohisofficeatoneo'clock.他坚持要求我一点钟去他的办公室。特别提示这类动词若表示“建议、命令、要求、坚持要”之外的意思时一般不用虚拟语气Thesmileonherfacesuggeststhatsheagreeswithme.她脸上的笑容表明她同意我的意见。(suggest表示“暗示,表明”)Theboyinsistedthathehadn'tbrokenthewindow.男孩坚持说他没有打碎窗户。(insist表示“坚持说,坚决认为”)宾语从句中的虚拟语气1.由asif/though引导的方式状语从句有时也用虚拟语气。与现在事实相反用一般过去时;与过去事实相反用过去完成时

●Theyoungmanwithlonghairwalksasifhewereagirl.

留长发的那个小伙子走起路来就像个小姑娘。2.目的状语从句中有时也用虚拟语气引导这类目的状语从句的短语有inorderthat、sothat、forfearthat、incase等，从句中谓语动词的形式多为“should/may/might/can/could/would+动词原形”。

●IhiredaboatsothatIcouldgofishing.

我租了一条船,这样我就可以去钓鱼了。状语从句中的虚拟语气1.Heactedasifhe____everythingintheworld.A.knewB.knowsC.hasknownD.won'tknow2.ReaditaloudsothatI____youclearly.A.mayhearB.willhearC.hearD.haveheard3.Theygotupearlyinorderthatthey___th