英语IF虚拟语气课件

SubjunctiveMoodInIf-clauses虚拟语气在条件句中的运用Enjoymusicandpayattentiontotheif-clausesinthelyrics.IfIwereaboyIthinkIcouldunderstandhowitfeelstoloveagirl.IswearI’dbeabetterman.I’dlistentoherbecauseIknowhowithurts.真实条件句所表示的假设是可能发生或实现的,是与事实相符的。非真实条件句所表示的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，或与事实相反的情况。

试比较:Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwillstayathome.IfIwereabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,Iwouldstayathome.真实条件句&非真实条件句Ifyou________ice,it______intowater.(heat/turn)2.Aballoon________ifyou_______apinintoit.(burst/stick)3.Ifyou________steam,it________intowater.(cool/turn)4.Metal_______ifyou______it.(melt/heat)5.Wood_______ifyou______itintowater.(float/put)6.Aglass_______ifyou_____it.(break/drop)

heat

melts

put

floats

drop

breaks

turns

bursts

turns

heat

cool

stick

2.You

may______(pass)

the

exam

if

you

___(study)

hard.

rainswillstaypassstudy

3.Ifyouwanttorecord,________(press)theredlight.press1.IfIt______(rain)tomorrow,I______(stay)athome.Fillintheblanketswiththeproperform

1.I’msureifhe_____(go)totheparty,he________(have)agreattime.2.Iftherain_______(stop)tonight,wewillgotothecinema.3.I’llbuyacomputerifI______(have)enoughmoney.4.You_________(notget)nervousifyou_____(do)enoughexercise.6.Iwanttoknowifhe_________(come)tomorrow,ifhe_______(come),I__________(give)themassagetohim.goes

willhave

stopshave

won’tgetdo

comes

willcome

willgiveIfIhadamilliondollarsnow,Iwouldtravelaroundtheworld.Ifapologywereuseful,wewouldnotneedthepolice.注：在虚拟语气be动词所有人称都用were.

道明寺

小结一：表示与现在事实相反

时间条件从句结果主句表示与现在事实相反If+主语+动词过去式（be动词用were）主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形Iftheapplehadfallenonmyheadatthatmoment,Iwouldhavefoundthelawofuniversalgravitation.

小结二：表示与过去事实相反

时间条件从句结果主句表示与过去事实相反If+主语+had+过去分词主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词IfIdidnotattendthecollegeentranceexam,IwoulddoeverythingwhatIwant.Iwould,Ifitweretobethelastdayoftheworldtomorrow,gotosleepbecause‘tomorrowisanotherday’.

小结二：表示与将来事实相反

时间条件从句结果主句表示与将来事实可能相反If+主语+动词过去式/wereto＋动词原形/should+动词原形主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形总结时间条件从句结果主句表示与过去事实相反If+主语+had+done主语+should/would/could/might+have+done表示与现在事实相反If+主语+did（be用were）主语+should/would/could/might+do表示与将来事实可能相反If+主语+did(be用were)/weretodo/shoulddo主语+should/would/could/might+doa.Ifthey____(be)here,they__________(take)youradvice.b.Iftheworld-war_____(break)outagain,what_____________(happen)toourpeopleonearth?werewouldtakebrokewouldhappenPRACTICE1:Fillintheblanks.1.我如果有时间肯定会去的。2.我要是懂德语，我就会给你读这篇文章。3.如果他在这里，我们会问他的。4.如果明天放假，那该多好。

IwouldcertainlygoifIhadtime．IfIknewGerman，Iwouldreadthepapertoyou.Ifhewerehere，wecouldaskhim．Itwouldbeniceifitwereaholidaytomorrow.Translatethesentences.a.IfTom________(be)morecarefulintheexam,he________________(pass)italready.b.Ifyou_______(get)upearlier,you________________(catch)thefirsttrain.hadbeenwouldhavepassedhadgotwouldhavecaughtPRACTICE2:Fillintheblanks.假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？Ifhe

wereto

come,what

should

wesaytohim.假如他看见我,就会认识我。Ifhe

should

seeme,he

would

knowme.a.Ifthere________(be)nonaturalresourceanymore,we___________(make)useofnuclearpower.b.What____________(happen)ifyou____________(getup)toolatetomorrow?c.IfRobots_____________(control)theworldsomeday,there________(be)nofriendship.shouldbewouldmakewouldhappengotupPRACTICE3:Fillintheblanksweretocontrolwouldbe补充一：虚拟语气的倒装虚拟条件句中有were,had,should时,可把if省略,而把were,had,should放在主语前,用倒装结构。如:

WereIabird,Iwouldflyinthesky.Hadyouinformedmeearlier,Iwouldnothavebeenlateforschool.

ShouldIhavetimetomorrow,Iwouldcallonher.

主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间,这时主从句位于动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同,这叫做混合条件句或者叫做错综时间虚拟句。

Ifyou

hadasked

himyesterday,you

would

know

whattodonow.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice.补充二：错综时间虚拟句补充三：含蓄条件句