IT职场英语教学课件Unit3MilestonesandGiantsinITIndustry

IT职场英语教师用书IT职场英语教师用书Unit3MilestonesandGiantsinITIndustryI：本单元教学目的：.通过背景讨论、阅读概念学习文章，充分了解Thompson和Ritchie如何设计和创建Unix，掌握行业术语；.通过案例分析文章阅读和学习，学生了解21世纪个人电脑历史上的几个里程碑以及对社会意义，并能完成课后的相关案例分析报告；.学生能够撰写商务新闻，并进行口头陈述.了解科技术语翻译II：练习题答案PartOneConceptLearningTask1ThinkbeforeYouReadSerendipity，是意外发现珍奇事物的才能，机缘凑巧的意思。课文里Thompson认为Unix系统的产生是serendipity（P38），老师可以带领学生理解Unix的诞生过程，Thompson的不断实验和改进，引导学生讨论Unix的诞生是否是机缘巧合，学生的结论很可能两个答案都有支持者，正如 JeffBezos和LouisPasteur的两句名言一样。亚马逊的创始人JeffBezos认为一切发明也许都是机缘巧合，教师可以引导学生探究Bezos的成功路径，无论是早期投资谷歌公司，还是建立太空公司，还是目前进军硬件领域，每个决定都是他基于不断思考和创新，不怕失败的意志，绝非纯粹机缘。LouisPasteur是著名的生物学家，他坚信每一个机会都青睐有准备的人，因为他一直在实验室中坚持着，他的成功就是因为做了比别人多的实验，不曾放弃。NameAchievementBillGatesMakecomputeravailabletoeveryoneMaYunLaunchE-commerceinChinaAlanMathisonTuringFartheroftheoreticalcomputerscienceandartificialintelligence.StevenJobscreativeentrepreneurwhosepassionrevolutionizedsixindustries:personalcomputers,animatedmovies,music,phones,tabletcomputing,anddigitalpublishingZhangXiaolongCreateWechat,QQmail,foxmailUnit3MilestonesandGiantsinITIndustryIT职场英语教师用书其他10位IT行业先锋和领军人物以及他们的事迹(ppt里有)MarkZuckerbergMarkElliotZuckerberg(bornMay14,1984)isanAmericancomputerprogrammer,Internetentrepreneur,andphilanthropist.Heisthechairman,chiefexecutive,andco-founderofthesocialnetworkingwebsiteFacebook.Hispersonalwealth,asofDecember2015,isestimatedtobe$46billion.AlanTuringAlanMathisonTuring(June1912-7June1954)wasapioneeringBritishcomputerscientist,mathematician,logician,cryptanalystandtheoreticalbiologist.Hewashighlyinfluentialinthedevelopmentoftheoreticalcomputerscience,providingaformalisationoftheconceptsofalgorithmandcomputationwiththeTuringmachine,whichcanbeconsideredamodelofageneralpurposecomputer.Turingiswidelyconsideredtobethefatheroftheoreticalcomputerscienceandartificialintelligence..StevenPaul"Steve"JobsStevenPaul“Steve”Jobs(February24,1955-October5,2011)wasanAmericaninformationtechnologyentrepreneurandinventor.Hewastheco-founder,chairman,andchiefexecutiveofficer(CEO)ofAppleInc.;CEOandlargestshareholderofPixarAnimationStudios;amemberofTheWaltDisneyCompany’sboardofdirectorsfollowingitsacquisitionofPixar;andfounder,chairman,andCEOofNeXTInc.Jobsiswidelyrecognizedasapioneerofthemicrocomputerrevolutionofthe1970s,alongwithAppleco-founderSteveWozniak.Shortlyafterhisdeath,Jobs’sofficialbiographer,WalterIsaacson,describedhimasthe“creativeentrepreneurwhosepassionforperfectionandferociousdriverevolutionizedsixindustries:personalcomputers,animatedmovies,music,phones,tabletcomputing,anddigitalpublishing.”MarvinMinskyMarvinMinsky(August9,1927-January24,2016)hasmademanycontributionstoAI,cognitivepsychology,mathematics,computationallinguistics,robotics,andoptics.Hisconceptionofhumanintellectualstructureandfunctionispresentedintwobooks:TheEmotionMachineandTheSocietyofMind(whichisalsothetitleofthecourseheteachesatMIT).HereceivedtheBAandPhDinmathematicsatHarvard(1950)andPrinceton(1954).In1951hebuilttheSNARC,thefirstneuralnetworksimulator.Hisotherinventionsincludemechanicalarms,handsandotherroboticdevices,theConfocalScanningMicroscope,the"Muse"synthesizerformusicalvariations(withE.Fredkin),andoneofthefirstLOGO"turtles".AmemberoftheNAS,NAEIT职场英语教师用书IT职场英语教师用书andArgentineNAS,hehasreceivedtheACMTuringAward,theMITKillianAward,theJapanPrize,theIJCAIResearchExcellenceAward,theRankPrizeandtheRobertWoodPrizeforOptoelectronics,andtheBenjaminFranklinMedal.LinusBenedictTorvaldsLinusBenedictTorvalds(bornDecember28,1969)isaFinnish-Americansoftwareengineer,whoisthecreatoroftheLinuxkernelandforalongtime,principaldeveloper;thatbecamethekernelforoperatingsystems(andmanydistributionsofeach),suchasGNUandyearslaterAndroidandChromeOS.Healsocreatedthedistributedrevisioncontrolsystemgit.Hewashonored,alongwithShinyaYamanaka,withthe2012MillenniumTechnologyPrizebytheTechnologyAcademyFinland"inrecognitionofhiscreationofanewopensourceoperatingsystemforcomputersleadingtothewidelyusedLinuxkernel".Heisalsotherecipientofthe2014IEEEComputerSocietyComputerPioneerAward.JohnvonNeumannJohnvonNeumann(December28,1903-February8,1957)wasaHungarian-Americanpureandappliedmathematician,physicist,inventor,andpolymath.Hemademajorcontributionstoanumberoffields,includingmathematics(foundationsofmathematics,functionalanalysis,ergodictheory,geometry,topology,andnumericalanalysis),physics(quantummechanics,hydrodynamics,fluiddynamicsandquantumstatisticalmechanics),economics(gametheory),computing(VonNeumannarchitecture,linearprogramming,self-replicatingmachines,stochasticcomputing),andstatistics.Hewasapioneeroftheapplicationofoperatortheorytoquantummechanics,inthedevelopmentoffunctionalanalysis,aprincipalmemberoftheManhattanProjectandtheInstituteforAdvancedStudyinPrinceton(asoneofthefeworiginallyappointed),andakeyfigureinthedevelopmentofgametheoryandtheconceptsofcellularautomata,theuniversalconstructorandthedigitalcomputer.Hepublished150papersinhislife;60inpuremathematics,20inphysics,and60inappliedmathematics.GordonEarleMooreGordonEarleMoore(bornJanuary3,1929)isanAmericanbusinessman,co-founderandChairmanEmeritusofIntelCorporation,andtheauthorofMoore'slaw.Moore'slawistheobservationthatthenumberoftransistorsinadenseintegratedcircuitdoublesapproximatelyeverytwoyears.TheobservationisnamedafterGordonE.Moore,theco-founderofIntelandFairchildSemiconductor,whose1965paperdescribedadoublingeveryyearinthenumberofcomponentsperintegratedcircuit,andprojectedthisrateofgrowthwouldcontinueforatleastanotherdecade.In1975,lookingforwardtothenextdecade,herevisedtheforecasttodoublingeverytwoyears.Hispredictionprovedaccurateforseveraldecades,andthelaw

Unit3MilestonesandGiantsinITIndustry IT职场英语教师用书wasusedinthesemiconductorindustrytoguidelong-termplanningandtosettargetsforresearchanddevelopment.AdvancementsindigitalelectronicsarestronglylinkedtoMoore'slaw:quality-adjustedmicroprocessorprices,memorycapacity,sensorsandeventhenumberandsizeofpixelsindigitalcameras.BobMetcalfeBobMetcalfe(bornApril7,1946)isbestknownforco-inventingtheEthernet,today’sstandardpacketplumbingfortheInternet,in1973andforfounding3ComCorporationin1979(mergedwithHewlett-Packardin2010),anearlyproviderofInternethardwareandsoftware.StartinginJanuary2011,heholdsthepositionofProfessorofElectricalEngineeringandDirectorofInnovationatTheUniversityofTexasatAustin.OnAug.3inBerlin,theInternetSocietyinductedProfessorBobMetcalfeintotheInternetHallofFameforhissignificantcontributionstotheadvancementoftheglobalInternet.ReadmoreaboutBobMetcalfeat/1998/11/metcalfe/MichaelSaulDellMichaelSaulDell(bornFebruary23,1965)isanAmericanbusinessmagnate,investor,philanthropist,andauthor.HeisthefounderandCEOofDellInc.,oneoftheworld’sleadingsellersofpersonalcomputers(PCs).Hewasrankedthe41strichestpersonintheworldon2012Forbeslistofbillionaires,withanetworthofUS$22.4billionasofDecember2014.In2011,his243.35millionsharesofDellstockwereworth$3.5billion,givinghim12%ownershipofthecompany.Hisremainingwealthofroughly$10billionisinvestedinothercompaniesandismanagedbyafirmwhosename,MSDCapital,incorporatesDell'sinitials.OnJanuary5,2013itwasannouncedthatMichaelDellhadbidtotakeDellInc.privatefor$24.4billioninthebiggestmanagementbuyoutsincetheGreatRecession.DouglasCarlEngelbartDouglasCarlEngelbart(January30,1925-July2,2013)wasanAmericanengineerandinventor,andanearlycomputerandInternetpioneer.Heisbestknownforhisworkonfoundingthefieldofhuman-computerinteraction,particularlywhileathisAugmentationResearchCenterLabinSRIInternational,resultingintheinventionofthecomputermouse,andthedevelopmentofhypertext,networkedcomputers,andprecursorstographicaluserinterfaces.Engelbart'sLaw,theobservationthattheintrinsicrateofhumanperformanceisexponential,isnamedafterhim.FindouttheChineseequivalenttoeachofthefollowingtechnicalterms.EnglishtechnicaltermsChineseequivalentsEnglishtechnicaltermsChineseequivalentsTuringAward图灵奖operatingsystem操作系统hierarchicalfilesystem分层文件系统，递阶系统command-lineinterpreter命令行编译器Thekernel内核almamater母校mainframecomputers大型机Sourcecode源代码Unit3MilestonesandGiantsinITIndustryIT职场英语教师用书Answerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtothepassage.WhoisKennethThompson?KennethThompsonisanAmericanpioneerofcomputerscience.HavingworkedatBellLabsformostofhiscareer,ThompsondesignedandimplementedtheoriginalUnixoperatingsystemandinventedtheBprogramminglanguage.WhatistheprojectofMulticsoperatingsystemdesignedfor?Multics(MultiplexingInformationandComputerServices)wasanexperimentaloperatingsystemforGE-645mainframe,developedin1960sbyMIT,BellLabs,andGE.HowwastheideaofnowubiquitousUnixwasborn?In1969,BellLabswithdrewfromtheMULTICSprojectandThompsondecidedtowritehisownoperatingsystemtorunhisgame.Withthehelpofhiscolleagues,theymadeexperimentwithsomeMulticsconceptsandredoitonamuchsmallerscale.ThustheideaofnowubiquitousUnixwasborn.CouldyoudescribePDF7?PDF7isaminicomputer,andKenThompsonwrotethefirstUNIXsysteminassemblylanguageonaPDF-7.WhatwasthebenefitofreturningtoUCBin1975forKen?ForThompson,thebenefitwas,inadditiontothenostalgia,theopportunitytoworkwithanewgroupofpeopleandtheconsequentadditionalintellectualstimulation.KenviewedthegreatsuccessofUNIXasbeinglargelyamatterofserendipity.Whatdoyouthinkofthis“serendipity”？Serendipitycomesafterhardworkandcommitmentbeforewefinallydiscoverorcreatevaluablethings.Kenviewedhisownsuccessindevelopingthesystemtothefactthatheisabottom-upthinker.Whatdidhemeanbybottom-upthinker?Abottom-upthinkerstartsfromthedetailsratherthanageneralidea,whocanlinkelementstogethertoformlargersubsystems,whichtheninturnarelinked,sometimesinmanylevels,untilacompletetop-levelsystemisformed.Paraphraseonthisthissentence,“ItisalsoanexampleofhowasinglepersonUnit3MilestonesandGiantsinITIndustry IT职场英语教师用书withanideaanddedicationcanaccomplishsomethingthateludeslargeorganizationswithhugeconcentrationsoftalentandmassivebudgets.”Asinglepersonwithanideaanddedicationcanalsochangetheworld,whereaslargeorganizationswithtalentsandmassivebudgetssometimeswillfailtoaccomplish.Completethefollowingsentencesbyusingthewordsandexpressionsinthebox.ubiquitousmassivefacilitatewithdrawparadigmlaunchinitiallyportableFurtherDiscussionWhatistheroleofUnixinITdevelopment?Thediscussioncanfocusontwoaspects:1）itisfreeandopensource;2）itplaysavitalroleforAndroidsystem,whichisbuiltontopoftheLinuxkernelShareyourexperienceofintellectualstimulationandsummarizethekeyelementsforbeneficialintellectualstimulation.Thediscussioncouldrevolvearoundtwophases:1）reflectingtheexperienceoflearningwithcommunity,suchaswithclassmates,withlabteammates,etc.2）reflectingonthebenefitofintellectualstimulation,forexample,reasoning/connection/questions/ideasetc.3.2TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese..20世纪60年代，美国电话电报公司贝尔实验室年轻的工程师肯尼斯（肯）・汤普森正为Multics操作系统项目工作。Multics项目全称为多用户信息计算机操作系统，它是为20世纪60年代麻省理工大学、贝尔实验室和通用电器公司联合研发的GE-645大型机开发的实验性操作系统。.毫无疑问，这个超小内存是汤普森仍能将小巧的操作系统保持典雅简洁特色的关键因素，是Linux系统以及其后的子系统均取得成功的重要原因。.他花费了一个星期时间写内核程序（操作系统的核心），一个星期写外壳程序（用于读取和运行敲入计算机的命令），一个星期写编辑程序，一个星期写汇编程序（将源代码转换成计算机的CPU能理解的机器代码）。.这也导致了1975年汤普森回归他的母校-加州大学伯克利分校，一直到1976Unit3MilestonesandGiantsinITIndustry IT职场英语教师用书年，他都在那里担任访问教授。这所大学早就开始使用Unix操作系统，汤普森也想协助进一步改良Unix系统。.汤普森和丹尼斯・里奇一起赢得1983年的美国计算机协会图灵奖，1999年的美国国家技术奖章，2011年的日本国际奖。PartTwoCaseLearningTask2:caseanalysisBrieflysummarizethemilestonesinthepersonalcomputerindustryin21stcentury.Accordingtothepassage,thegreatestmilestoneofallforthePCwasthelaunchofWindows3.0in1990,andtheiPadwasthemilestoneproductthatmarkedthebeginningoftheendforthePCindustry.ReportthedevelopmentofWindowsfromWindow3.0toWindow8.Windows3.0wasconsideredasthegreatestmilestoneofallforthePC.However,assmartphonesandtabletcomputersbecameincreasinglydominant,thelaunchofWindows8didnotactasthehopeforMicrosoft,theonceoneoftheworld’sbiggestcompaniesbegantoshifttothepost-PCerawhereWindowshaslittlerole.IllustratehowMicrosoftandApplechangetheworldrespectively.MicrosoftdidputaPConeverydeskandineveryhome,andMicrosoftcommoditizedcomputinghardwareandmadecomputingaccessibletothemasses.Applestartedthemobilecomputingrevolutionandchangetheworldinthewaywelookattechnology.Thereisasaying,“MicrosoftclearlyhadabiggerimpactontheworldthanApple.ThefactthatweallloveAppleproductsandthey'regorgeousdoesn'tchangethefactthatthecompanythatactuallymadetheworldrealizethemagicofsoftware,andmadecomputingaccessibletoalmosteveryoneontheplanet,isMicrosoft”.Whatdoyouthink?BrowsetheinternettofindoutdetailsaboutSteveBallmer’searlyretirementin2013andgiveyourcomments.InaMay2012columninForbesmagazine,AdamHartungdescribedBallmeras"theworstCEOofalargepubliclytradedAmericancompany",sayinghehad"steeredMicrosoftoutofsomeofthefastestgrowingandmostlucrativetechmarkets”.Ballmerannouncedhisretirementin2013,afterlosingbillionsofdollarsinacquisitionsandontheSurfacetablet.Microsoft'sstockpricereboundedonthenews.BallmersaysthatheregrettedthelackoffocusonWindowsMobileintheearly2000s,leavingMicrosoftadistantthirdinthecurrentsmartphonemarket.WherewouldMicrosoftgowithWindowsinthenext10years?Unit3MilestonesandGiantsinITIndustry IT职场英语教师用书WiththepotentialdominanceofWindows10,Bing,Windowsphoneandsomefungames,MicrosoftwillstillbealeadingroleinPCworld.PartThreeITbusinesswritingTaskforwritingabusinessnewsstoryinEnglish（这里两个任务，至少给出一个样文）2.Samplewriting:AlibabaGroupannouncedtheintegrationofitsautobusinessandsetAliAutoBranchtoday.WangLicheng,thepreviousGMofJuhuasuan,isassignedasHeadofAliAutoBranch.AliAutoistoputtogetherthethreebusinessesofAlibabaGroup：BigDatabusiness,AutoFinanceandtheplatformwith60millioncarowners.Itwouldcoordinatepartnersontheecologicalauto-industrychainsandprovideaO2Ofulllinkone-stopserviceof“look,choose,buy,use,andsell”forautodrivers.Noticeably,AlihasjointsetaInternetAutoFundwithShanghaiAutothisMarch.TheFundistopromoteonline-autodevelopmentandplatformconstruction.Itwouldactasanopencapitalplatformtoattractmoreonline-autoparticipants.Thefirstcooperatedonline-autowouldbeonmarketin2016.Then,WangJian,AlibabaCTO,saidthatInternetCarwouldimprovethehuman-carinteractionaswellasinteractionbetweencars,carsandroads,carsandinfrastructure.Thefourdimensioninteractionamonghuman,car,roadandinfrastructurewouldleadthetrendandsetafoundationforunmanneddrivingtechnology.AliAutoisgoingtoexpandandintegrateitsresourcesandlaunchthenewstrategytogetherwithpartnersinrelatedfieldthroughforumandothermediaduringtheShanghaiAutoExhibitthisyear.PartFiveReadingforMoreInlessthan150years,managementhastransformedthesocialandeconomicfabricoftheworld’sdevelopedcountries.Ithascreatedaglobaleconomyandsetnewrulesforcountriesthatwouldparticipateinthateconomyasequals.Thefundamentaltaskofmanagementremainsthesame:tomakepeoplecapableofjointperformancethroughcommongoals,commonvalues,therightstructure,andthetraininganddevelopmenttheyneedtoperformandtorespondtochange.III:文章参考译文PartOneConceptLearning:Unix的诞生肯・汤普森出生于1943年2月4日，是美国计算机科学界的先锋，黑客圈子里大家也称呼他为Ken。汤普森职业生涯的大部分时间都是在贝尔实验室度过的，他IT职场英语教师用书IT职场英语教师用书设计并实现了最初的Unix操作系统。他还最早发明了C语言的前身B语言，他也是操作系统Plan9的主要作者和研发者之一。2006年以来，汤普森一直在谷歌工作，他在谷歌负责共同编写Go编程语言。1983年，鉴于对通用操作系统理论的发展，尤其是Unix操作系统实现方面的贡献，汤普森和瑞奇共同获得图灵奖。20世纪60年代末，贝尔实验室年轻的工程师肯・汤普森正在参与Multics操作系统项目的工作。Multics（多程序信息和计算机服务）是一项为GE-645大型机研发的实验性操作系统项目，由麻省理工学院、贝尔实验室、和通用电气公司三方联合研制。虽然引入很多创新，但是问题很多。1969年是神奇的一年，人类登上月球，ARPANET（互联网的前身）被发展起来，Unix诞生，有趣的事件一件接一件。这一年，汤普森编写了太空旅行这款游戏。1969年，由于进展缓慢，困难重重，贝尔实验室宣布从MULTICS项目中撤出，汤普森决定自己写一个操作系统，主要是因为他想写一款像样的系统以便太空旅行这个游戏可以在PDP-7的及其上运行起来。基于PDD-7机器以及组合语言，汤普森和瑞奇带领的研究团队研发了层级文件系统，计算机加工和文件分类的概念，命令行编译器，和一些小的系统。太空旅行游戏，能够让飞行员驾驶一辆汽车在太阳系中模拟飞行，观察景色并且降落在不同的星球和卫星上，比任何其他游戏都更加推动计算机工业发展。在同事丹尼斯・里奇，道格拉斯・麦克罗伊，乔・奥珊那的帮助下，汤普森决定利用Multics的概念，重新编写一个小型的系统。这也就是现在无处无在的Unix系统的诞生的过程。他花了一周时间写内核（即，操作系统的核心），壳（用来读取并运行被输入到计算机的命令），一个编辑器和汇编（一个程序源代码转换成可以由计算机的CPU直接理解机器码）。在PDP-7机器上，他研发并首次运行了操作系统，PDP-7有一个18位的字长度（与此相反的，现在几乎普遍八位字长度），并只有四个千字节的3内存（这是现代软盘内存容量的很小的一部分）。这种极小的内存，无疑是让汤普森将他的操作系统保持小、却优雅简约的主要因素，反过来，也对Unix的后代（包括Linux）的巨大成功发挥了重要作用。1972年，汤普森改写了UNIX内核C.这是保证系统未来成功之举，因为它更加便于携带。1973年汤普森做了关于UNIX的第一次公开演讲。次年，基于这次个演讲的论文被一个著名的杂志出版，由此，这个系统在学术界有了很大知名度。这也促成了他1975年回归母校-UCB，他在那里担任客座教授直到1976年。UCB早就开始使用Unix，汤普森希望协助其进一步发展该系统。对于汤普森的好处是，除了怀旧，还有机会与一群新人合作，以及随之带来的心智上的启迪。他的回归也促成了UCB成为UNIX的两大领先开发商之一（另外一个是贝尔实验室）。汤普森认为UNIX的巨大成功为是机缘巧合而已。但也是由于这样的事实，它促成了从高度集中的大型计算机向更小，更便宜，能够运行标准操作系统的分散电脑转变，而不是由它们的制造商完全掌控。他个人认为开发系统的过程中，他是一个自下而上的思想家，也就是说，他着眼于复杂系统的基本组件以及它们如何IT职场英语教师用书IT职场英语教师用书相互作用，而不是首先着眼于复杂的系统本身。和Linux的创始人LinusTorvalds一样，汤普森也是历史在合适的时间选择的一个已经随时准备好的合适人选，从而造就的一个典范。这也是一个拥有思想和奉献精神的独立个体，如何能在没有大型机构的众多人才资源和充足预算情况下，仍然成功的案例。UNIX的持久性，可靠性和安全性体现了其设计的卓越，也因此一直适应当代社会的使用。和丹尼斯・瑞奇一起，汤普森荣获ACM图灵奖（1983年），美国国家科学技术奖章（1999年），以及日本国际奖（2011年）。PartTwoCaseLearning：21世纪个人电脑业的里程碑“在我们这个行业，到今天为止只有过两次里程碑式的产品”，史蒂夫乔布斯在1984年告诉波士顿计算俱乐部。“第一次是1977年的AppleII产品，第二次是1981年的IBMPC"。彼时，乔布斯正在宣布苹果Mac的第三次突破。上周，AppleMac已经30岁了。回首个人电脑四十年的历史，乔布斯声称AppleMac是行业的第三个里程碑的说法是经得起推敲的，但是，个人电脑历史上最大的里程碑是1990年发布的WIndow3.0.Windows的崛起Windows3.0改变了这个行业的商业模式，它建立了软件厂商-特别是微软公司-作为硬件制造商的江湖主导地位，这种转变曾经几乎扼杀苹果公司，并最终使很多个人电脑制造商走向破产。微软之于苹果公司，IBM,Atari公司和许多其他系统的优越性，是用户没有被锁定到一个供应商的产品。Windows3.0这一里程碑更重要的意义体现在它促使软件产业的重新洗牌，许多传统的供应商，例如最显眼的WordPerfect,虽然Windows图形用户界面（GUI）也是昙花一现，但大多数办公室文员仍然更喜欢使用键盘指令，而不是鼠标点击。（标注：WordPerfect是Corel公司1996发行的一套办公软件）。WordPerfect在判断市场方面犯了巨大的错误，当它也发行自己产品的Windows版本时，微软公司已经用Word以及与之捆绑一起，当今掌控商业社会的Office套件，控制了关键的几个主要市场份额。走向移动可以说直到下一个里程碑出现之前，微软的日子一直很好过。下一个里程碑的标志是史蒂夫•乔布斯，iPhone的推出真正改变了智能手机行业，是移动产品最终会动摇个人电脑产业的最早迹象。有意思的是，对比乔布斯标志性的2007年iPhone产片发布会上的演讲，1984年在波士顿的演讲就颇先粗糙，虽然两个演