2023年全国高考英语试题及答案-江苏卷

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试〔江苏卷〕英语第一局部：听力〔共两节，总分值20分〕做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节〔共5小题；每题1分，总分值5分〕听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来答复有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.15.C.￡9.18.答案是B。1.Whatdothespeakersneedtobuy?A.Afridge.B.Adinnertable.C.Afewchairs.2.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inarestaurant.B.Inahotel.C.Inaschool.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Cathywillbeattheparty.B.Cathyistoobusytocome.C.Cathyisgoingtobeinvited.4.Whydoesthewomanplantogototown?A.Topayherbillsinthebank.B.Tobuybooksinabookstore.C.Togetsomemoneyfromthebank.5.Whatisthewomantryingtodo?A.Finishsomewriting.B.Printanarticle.C.Findanewspaper.第二节〔共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分〕听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最正确选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段材料，答复第6、7题。6.Whatisthemandoing?A.Changingseatsontheplane.B.Askingforawindowseat.C.Tryingtofindhisseat.7.Whatisthewoman’sseatnumber?A.6A.B.7A.C.8A.听第7段材料，答复第8、9题。8.Whydoesn’tthewomantakethegreenT-shirt?A.It'stoosmall.B.It’stoodark.C.It’stooexpensive9.Whatdoesthewomanbuyintheend?A.AyellowT-shirt.B.AblueT-shirt.C.ApinkT-shirt.听第8段材料，答复第10至12题。10.HowlonghasthemanbeeninLondon?A.Oneyear.B.Afewyears.C.Acoupleofmonths.11.Whydidthewomanleaveherhometown?A.Toleadacitylife.B.Toopenarestaurant.C.Tofindajob.12.Wheredidthewomancomefrom?A.London.B.Airside.C.Lancaster.听第9段材料，答复第13至16题。13.Whatisadaypack?A.Abox.B.Abag.C.Alock.14.Whatsurprisesthegirlatschool?A.Alotofdiscussionsinclass.B.Teachersgivinglittlehomework.C.Fewstudentsaskingquestionsinclass.15.Atwhattimeoftheschooltermdoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Attheendofit.B.Inthemiddleofit.C.Atthebeginningofit.16.Whatdoweknowaboutthegirl?A.Sheisnewtotheschool.B.Shewritesfortheschoolnewspaper.C.Sheseldomasksquestionsinclass.听第10段材料，答复第17至20题。17.WhatdoesMr.HenryStonedo?A.Abankclerk.B.Ateacher.C.Awriter.18.WhatdoesHenrylikedoingatairports?A.Watchingpeople.B.Tellingstories.C.Readingmagazines.19.WhatdidHenrylearnfromthenewspaperthatday?A.Avaluablesuitcasewasmissing.B.Amanstolemoneyfromabank.C.Awomanranawayfromhome.20.Whywasthewomanattheairport?A.Shewastravelingonbusiness.B.Shewasseeingthemanoff.C.ShewasleavingforGreece.第二局部：英语知识运用〔共两节，总分值35分〕第一节：单项选择〔共15小题；每题1分，总分值15分〕请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D、四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例:Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild__heorshewants.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.whenever答案是B。21.ThepopulationofJiangsu__tomorethantwicewhatitwasin1949.Thefigureisnowapproaching74million.A.hasgrownB.havegrownC.grewD.aregrowing22.--Annisinhospital.--Oh,really?I__know.I__goandvisither.A.didn’t;amgoingtoB.don’t;wouldC.don’t;willD.didn't;will23.Becauseofthefinancialcrisis,daysaregone__local5-starhotelscharged6,000yuanforonenight.A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since24.I'msurprisedtohearthatSueandPaulhave__.SoamI.TheyseemedveryhappytogetherwhenIlastsawthem.A.brokenupB.finishedupC.dividedupclosedup25.Hi,Terry,canIuseyourcomputerforawhilethisafternoon?Sorry..A.It'srepairedB.IthasbeenrepairedC.It'sbeingrepairedD.Ithadbeenrepaired26.SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear,reduceunemploymentpressures.A.helpB.tohavehelpedC.tohelpD.havinghelped27.Comparedwithhissister,Jerryisevenmoreto,andmoreeasilytroubledby,emotionalandrelationshipproblems.A.skepticalB.addictedC.availableD.sensitive28.Hedidnotregretsayingwhathedidbutfeltthatheitdifferently.A.couldexpressB.wouldexpressC.couldhaveexpressedD.musthaveexpressed29.Bill,canIgetyouanythingtodrink?.A.YouarewelcomeB.NoproblemC.Iwouldn'tmindacoffeeD.Doesn’tmatter30.Thisspecialschoolacceptsalldisabledstudents,__educationallevelandbackground.A.accordingtoB.regardlessofC.inadditiontoD.intermsof31.__unemploymentandcrimearehigh,itcanbeassumedthatthelatterisduetotheformer.A.BeforeB.WhereC.UnlessD.Until32.Distinguishedguestsandfriends,welcometoourschool,theceremonyofthe50thAnniversarythismorningareouralumni〔校友〕fromhomeandabroad.A.AttendB.ToattendC.AttendingD.Havingattended33.What'sthematterwithDella?Well,herparentswouldn'tallowhertogototheparty,butshestill__A.hopestoB.hopessoC.hopesnotD.hopesfor34.ManyyoungpeopleintheWestareexpectedtoleave__couldbelife'smostimportantdecision--marriage--almostentirelyuptoluck.A.asB.thatC.whichD.what35.Nineintenparentssaidthereweresignificantdifferencesintheirapproachtoeducatingtheirchildrencomparedwith__oftheirparents.A.thoseB.oneC.bothD.that第二节：完形填空〔共20小题；每题1分，总分值20分〕请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Therequirementsforhighschoolgraduationhavejustchangedinmycommunity.Asaresult,allstudentsmust36sixtyhoursofservicelearning,37theywillnotreceiveadiploma.Servicelearningisacademiclearningthatalsohelpsthecommunity.38ofservicelearningincludecleaningupapollutedriver,workinginasoupkitchen,ortutoringastudent.39aserviceexperience,studentsmustkeepajournal〔日志〕andthenwritea40Supportersclaimthattherearemany41ofservicelearning.Perhapsmostimportantly,studentsareforcedtothink42theirowninterestsandbecome43oftheneedsofothers.Studentsarealsoabletolearnreal-lifeskillsthat44responsibility,problem-solving,andworkingaspartofateam.45,studentscanexplorepossiblecareers46servicelearning.Forexample,ifastudentwonderswhatteachingislike,heorshecanchoosetoworkinanelementaryschoolclassroomafewafternoonseachmonth.47therearemanybenefits,opponents〔反对者〕48problemswiththenewrequirement.First,they49thatthemainreasonstudentsgotoschoolistolearncoresubjectsandskills.Becauseservicelearningistime-consuming,studentsspend50timestudyingthecoresubjects.Second,theybelievethatforcingstudentstoworkwithout51goesagainstthelaw.Byrequiringservice,theschooltakesawayanindividual'sfreedomtochoose.Inmyview,servicelearningisagreatwayto52tothecommunity,learnnewskills,andexploredifferentcareers.53,Idon'tbelieveyoushouldforcepeopletohelpothers–the54tohelpmustcomefromtheheart.Ithinkthebest55isonethatgivesstudentschoices:astudentshouldbeabletochoosesixtyhoursofindependentstudyorsixtyhoursofservice.Choiceencouragesbothfreedomandresponsibility,andasyoungadults,wemustlearntohandlebothwisely.36.A.spendB.gainC.completeD.save37.A.andB.orC.butD.for38.A.SubjectsB.ideasC.ProceduresD.Examples39.A.WithB.BeforeC.DuringD.After40.A.diaryB.reportC.noteD.notice41.A.coursesB.benefitsC.challengesD.features42.A.beyondB.aboutC.overD.in43.A.carefulB.proudC.tiredD.aware44.A.possessB.applyC.includeD.develop45.A.GraduallyB.FinallyC.LuckilyD.Hopefully46.A.throughB.acrossC.ofD.on47.A.SoB.ThusC.SinceD.While48.A.dealwithB.lookintoC.pointoutD.takedown49.A.argueB.doubtC.overlookD.admit50.A.muchB.fullC.lessD.more51.A.costB.payC.care.D.praise52.A.contributeB.appealC.attendD.belong53.A.ThereforeB.OtherwiseC.BesidesD.However54.A.courageB.desireC.emotionD.spirit55.A.decisionB.purposeC.solutionD.result第三局部：阅读理解〔共15小题；每题2分，总分值30分〕请认真阅读以下短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWhenwomensittogethertowatchamovieonTV,theyusuallytalksimultaneously〔同时的〕aboutavarietyofsubjects,includingchildren,men,careersandwhat'shappeningintheirlives.Whengroupsofmenandwomenwatchamovietogether,themenusuallyenduptellingthewomentoshutup.Mencaneithertalkorwatchthescreen--theycan'tdoboth--andtheydon'tunderstandthatwomencan.Besides,womenconsiderthatthepointofallgettingtogetheristohaveagoodtimeanddeveloprelationships--notjusttosittherelikecouchpotatoesstaringatthescreen.Duringtheadbreaks,amanoftenasksawomantoexplaintheplotandtellhimwheretherelationshipbetweenthecharactersisgoing.Heisunable,unlikewomen,toreadthesubtlebodylanguagesignalsthatrevealhowthecharactersarefeelingemotionally.Sincewomenoriginallyspenttheirdayswiththeotherwomenandchildreninthegroup,theydevelopedtheabilitytocommunicatesuccessfullyinordertomaintainrelationships.Forawoman,speechcontinuestohavesuchaclearpurpose:tobuildrelationshipsandmakefriends.Formen,totalkistorelatethefacts.Menseethetelephoneasacommunicationtoolforsendingfactsandinformationtootherpeople,butawomanseesitasameansofbonding.Awomancanspendtwoweeksonvacationwithhergirlfriendand,whenshereturnshome,telephonethesamegirlfriendandtalkforanothertwohours.Thereisnoconvincingevidencethatsocialconditioning,thefactthatgirls'motherstalkedthemmore,isthereasonwhygirlstalkmorethanboys.PsychiatristDrMichaelLewis,authorofSocialBehaviourandLanguageAcquisition,conductedexperimentsthatfoundmotherstalkedtoandlookedat,babygirlsmoreoftenthanbabyboys.Scientificevidenceshowsparentsrespondtothebrainbiasoftheirchildren.Sinceagirl’sbrainisbetterorganizedtosendandreceivespeech，wethereforetalktothemmore.Consequently,motherswhotrytotalktotheirsonsareusuallypointedtoreceiveonlyshortgruntsinreply.56.WhilewatchingTVwithothers,womenUsuallytalkalotbecausetheyA.areafraidofawkwardsilencewiththeirfamiliesandfriendsB.canbothtalkandwatchthescreenattheSametimeC.thinktheycanhaveagoodtimeanddeveloprelationshipsD.havetoexplaintheplotandbodylanguagetotheirhusbands57.Afteravacationwithhergirlfriend,awomanwouldtalktoheragainonthephoneforhoursinorderto.A.experiencethehappytimeagainB.keepaclosetiewithherC.recommendheranewscenicspotD.remindherofsomethingforgotten58.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusmost?A.Women'sbrainsarebetterorganizedforlanguageandcommunicationB.Womenlovetotalkbecausetheyaremoresociablethanmen.C.Mendonotliketalkingbecausetheyrelymoreonfacts.D.Socialconditioningisnotthereasonwhywomenlovetalking.59.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.WomenAreSociallyTrainedtoTalkB.TalkingMaintainsRelationshipsC.WomenLovetoTalkD.MenTalkDifferentlyfromWomenBItwasthefirstmowofwinter--anexcitingdayforevery,childbutnotformosttether.Upuntilnow,lhadbeenabletodressmyselfforrecess〔课间休息〕,buttodayIwouldneedsomehelp.MissFinlayson,mykindergartenteacheratPrincessElizabethSchoolnearHamilton,Ontario,hadbeenthroughfirstsnowdays,manytimesinherlongcareer,butIthinkstruggledstillrememberthisone.Imanagedtogetintomywoolsnowpants.ButIstraggledwithmyjacketbecauseitdidn’tfitwell.Itwasahand-me-downfrommybrother,anditmademewonderwhyIhadtowearhisuglyclothes.Atleastmyhatandmatchingscarfweremine,andtheywerequitepretty.FinallyitwastimetohaveMissFinlaysonhelpmewithmyboots.Inhercalm,motherlyvoiceshesaid,“Bytheendofwinter,youwillbeabletoputonownboots.〞Ididn’trealizeatthetimethatthiswasmoreastatementofhopethanofconfidence.Ihandedhermybootsandstuckoutmyfoot.Likemostchildren,Iexpectedtheadulttodoanthework.Aftermushwigglingandpushing,shemanagedtogetfirstoneintoplaceandthen,withasigh,workedthesecondoneontoo.Iannounced，“They’reonthewrongfeet.〞Withthegracethatonlyexperiencecanbring，shestruggledtogetthebootsoffandwentthroughthejoylesstaskofputtingthemonagain.ThenIsaid，“Thesearen’tmyboots.youknow.〞Asshepulledtheoffendingbootsfrommyfeet，shestillmanagedtolookbothhelpfulandinterested.Oncetheywereoff.Isaid，“Theyaremybrother’sboots.Mymothermakesmewearthem，andIhatethem!〞Somehow，fromlongyearsofpractice，shemanagedtoactasthoughIwasn’tanannoyinglittlegirl.Shepushedandshoved.lessgentlythistime，andthebootswerereturnedtotheirproperplaceonmyfeet.Withagreatsighofrelief，seeingtheendofherstrugglewithme，sheasked，“Now，whereareyourgloves?’’Ilookedintohereyesandsaid.“Ididn’twanttolosethem.soIputthemintothetoesofmyboots.〞60.Accordingtothepassage，thelittlegirlgotfromherbrother.A.thewoolsnowpantsandthejacketB.thejacketandthebootsC.thejacketandthehatD.thebootsandthegloves61.Whatmadeitsohardfortheteachertohelpthelittlegirlputherbootson?A.Theglovesinthetoesoftheboots.B.Theslownessoftheteacher.C.Thewrongsizeoftheboots.D.Theunwillingnessofthegirl.62.Itcanbeinferredthatbeforethelittlegirlfinallywentouttoenjoythefirstsnowofwinter，theteacherhadtohelpherputonherboots.A.onceB.twiceC.threetimesD.fourtimes63.WhichofthefollowingsentencesfromthetextBESTindicatesthattheteacherisveryconsiderate?A.Inhercalm，motherlyvoiceshesaid，“Bytheendofwinter，…〞〔Paragraph2〕B.Withthegracethatonlyexperiencecanbring，shestruggledto…〔Paragraph4〕C.….shestillmanagedtolookbothhelpfulandinterested.〔Paragraph4〕D.…，shemanagedtoactasthoughIwasn’tanannoyinglittlegirl.〔Paragraph4〕CTransportGuideTheBrisbaneCityCouncil〔BCC〕isresponsibleforbusandferryserviceswithinthecitylimitsandsuburbs.Mostbuseswilleitherarriveatthecityoraninterchangewhereconnectingbusescanbecaught.BCCbusesoperatefrom5：30amto11：00pmMondaytoThursdayand5：30amt012：00amonFridays.OnweekendsandpublicholidaysbusesoperatelessfrequentlyPre—paidbusticketscanbepurchasedfromtheQUT〔QueenslandUniversityofTechnology〕bookshop，thecampusnewsagency.mostothernewsagenciesandgeneralstores，andanyBCCCustomerServiceCentre.Short-termstudentsatQUTcannotusetheirIDcardstogainadiscountfareonBCCpublictransport.Youwillneedtobuyanadulttickettotravel.Busfaresaredependentonthenumberofzonesyouhavetotravel.Thereareseveraltypesoftickets：Single：onewaytickettoreachyourdestination，includingtransferswithin2hours.Daily:unlimitedtravelwithinthezones.Off-peak’Daily：discountedunlimitedtravelbetween9：00amand3：30pmandafter7：00pmMondaytoFriday,andalldayonweekendsandpublicholidays.Weekly：unlimitedtravelwithinthezonesforoneweekfromthedateofissue.Monthly：unlimitedtravelwithinthezonesforonecalendarmonthfromthedateofissue.Ten-tripSaver:10tripsatanytimewithinthezonesonbusesandferriesonly.Transportroutes.timetablesandfareinformationareavailablefrom:PublicTransportInformationCentre69AnnStreet〔cornerofGeorgeSt〕BrisbanePhonel31230〔TransportInformationService〕64.Thetransportguideaboveismostlikelyprovidedby.A.PublicTransportInformationCentreB.theBrisbaneCityCouncilC.QueenslandD.BCCCustomerServiceCentres65.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat.A.busesarescheduledasusualonweekendsandpublicholidaysB.regularstudentsatQUTneedtobuyadultticketsC.Pre—paidticketscanbeboughtfromthePublicTransportInformationCentreD.Ten-tripSaverscanbeusedatoff-peaktime66.AnexchangestudentstayingatQUTforfivedayshastotravelbetweenzoneseveryday.Whattypeofticketwouldheprobablybuy?A.Single.B.Weekly.C.Off-peakDaily.D.Ten—tripSaver.DHaveyouevernoticedthecolourofthewaterinariverorstreamafteraheavyrainfall?Whatdoyouthinkcausedthischangeincolour?Itissoilthathasbeenwashedintotheriverfromtheriverbankorfromt}lenearbyfields.ComponentsofSoilSoilismadeupofanumberoflayers〔层〕，eachhavingitsowndistinctivecolourandtexture.Theupperlayerisknownasthelitter.Itactslikeablanket.limitingtemperaturechangesandreducingwaterloss.Thetopsoillayerismadeupofsmallparticlesofrockmixedwithrottenplantandanimalmattercalledhumus〔腐殖质〕，whichisblackandgivesthetopsoilitsdarkcolour.Thislayerisusuallyrichinnutrients，oxygen，andwater.Belowthetopsoilisthesubsoil，alayerthatcontainsmorestonesmixedwithonlysmallamountsoforganicmatter.Thislayerislighterincolourbecauseofthelackofhumus.Beneaththesoilliesalayerofbedrock.Soilformsfromthebottomup.Overtimebedrockisattackedbyrain,wind，frost,andsnow.Itisgraduallybrokendownintosmallerparticlesinaprocesscalledweathering.Plantsbegintogrow，androttenmaterialsenrichthetopsoil.MostofthesoilinEasternCanada.forexample.Wasformedfromweatheredrockthatwasexposedwhentheicedisappearedl2,000yearsago.WaterBeneaththeSoilSurfacewatercollectsandflowsabovethegroundinlakes.ponds.andrivers.Onceinthesoilorrock，itiscalledgroundwater.Gravitypullsgroundwaterthroughthesoilinaprocesscalledpercolation〔渗透〕.Eventuallythewaterreachesalayercalledthewatertable.Underthisisbedrockthroughwhichwatercannotpercolate.Aswaterpercolatesdownward，itdissolvesorganicmatterandmineralsfromthesoilandcarriesthemtodeeperlayers.Thiscausesaseriousproblembecauseplantsrequirethesenutrientsforgrowth.SoilpHSoilcanbeacidic.neutral.orbasic.ThepHofthesoilisdeterminedbythenatureoftherockfromwhichitwasformed.andbythenatureoftheplantsthatgrowandrotinit.TheacidityofrainandsnowcanlowerthepHofthegroundwaterthatentersthesoil.Byburningfossilfuelssuchascoal，oilandgasoline，humanshavebeencontributingtohigherlevelsofacidityinmanysoils.Whenfossilfuelsareburned.gasesarereleasedintotheairandthenfallbacktoearthasacidrain.Acidsoilincreases出eproblemofcarryingnutrientstolowersoillevels.Asnutrientsareremoved，soilislessfertile.Plantsgrowmoreslowlyinacidicsoil，andalsobecomeeasilyattackedbydiseases.67.Thelayerofsoilthatprovidesnecessarynutrientsforplantgrowthiscalled.A.1itterB.topsoilC.humusD.subsoil68.Accordingtothetext.whichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Soilformsfromweatheredrockontheearthsurface.B.Thedeeperlayerofsoilisdarkerincolourthanthesurfacesoil.C.Airpollutionispartiallyresponsibleforacidsoil.D.Groundwatertendstocarryawaynutrientsforplantgrowth.69.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatthewatertablelies.A.betweenthetopsoillayerandthesubsoillayerB.inthesubsoillayerabovebedrockC.betweenthesubsoillayerandbedrockD.inthebedrocklayerbeneaththesubsoil70.Theunderlinedword“dissolve〞isusedtoexpresstheideathatorganicmatterandmineralsfromsoilare.A.rushedawayintotheriverB.cleanedandpurifiedbywaterC.destroyedandcarriedawaybywaterD.mixedwithwaterandbecomepartofit第四局部：任务型阅读〔共10小题；每题l分，总分值l0分〕请认真阅读以下短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。CommunicationPrinciplesHowyouseeyourselfcanmakeagreatdifferenceinhowyoucommunicate.“Everyindividualexistsinacontinuallychangingworldofexperienceofwhichhe〔orshe〕isthecenter〞.Manycommunicationscholarsandsocialscientistsbelievethatpeopleareproductsofhowotherstreatthemandofthemessagesotherssendthem.Buteverydayweexperiencethecentralityofourselvesincommunication.Astudent.forinstance，maydescribeaconflictwithateacherasunfairtreatment：“Iknowmyteacherdoesn’tlikethefactthatIdon’tagreewithhisopinions.andthat’swhyhegavemesuchapoorgradeinthatclass.〞Theteachermightsaytheopposite.Eachpersonmaybelievethatheiscorrectandthattheotherperson’sviewiswrong.Theconceptofserforiginatesincommunication.Throughverbalandnonverbalsymbols,achildlearnstoacceptrolesinresponsetotheexpectationsofothers.Youestablishself-image。Thesortofpersonyoubelieveyouare，byhowothersthinkofyou.Positive，negative，andneutralmessagesthatyoureceivefromothersallplayaroleindeterminingwhoyouare.Communicationitselfisprobablybestunderstoodasadialogueprocess.Ourunderstandingofcommunicationcomesfromourinteractionswithotherpeople.Imunicationinvolvesothersinthesensethatacompetentcommunicatorconsiderswhattheotherpersonneedsandexpectswhenselectingmessagestoshare.So，thecommunicationbeginswiththeself，asdefinedlargelybyothers，andinvolvesothers，asdefinedlargelybytheself.CommunicationOccursalmosteveryminuteofyourlife.Ifyouarenotcommunicatingwithyourself〔thinking，planning，reactingtotheworldaroundyou〕，youareobservingothersanddrawinginferencesfromtheirbehavior.Eveniftheotherpersondidnotintendamessageforyou.yougatherobservationsanddrawspecificconclusions.Apersonyawnsandyoubelievethatpersonisboredwithyourmessage.Asecondpersonlooksawayfromyouandyouconcludethatpersonisnotlisteningtoyou.Athirdpersonsmiles〔perhapsbecauseofamemoryofajokeheheardrecently〕andyoubelievethatheisattractedtoyou.Wearecontinuallypickingupmeaningsfromothers’behaviorsandweareconstantlyprovidingbehaviorsthathavecommunicativevalueforthem.Moreoftenthannot，youmayhavehurtsomeoneaccidentallyandyoumayhavetriedtoexplainthatyoudidnotmeanthat.Youmayhavetoldtheotherpersonthatyouweresorryforyourstatement.Youmayhavemadeajokeoutofyourrudestatement.Nonetheless，yourcommentremainsbothinthemindoftheotherpersonandinyourownmind.Youcannotgobackintimeanderaseyourmessagestoothers.Communicationcannotbereversed〔倒退〕，norcanitberepeated.Whenyoutriedtore—createtheatmosphere，theconversation，andthesetting，nothingseemedright.Yoursecondexperiencewithasimilarsettingandpersonmadefardifferentresults.ParagraphoutlineSupportingDetailsCommunicationbeginswiththeself●Peoplearesomewhatproductsofothers’treatmentandmessages.●wearealways〔71〕▲incommunicationwithothers.Communication〔72〕▲others●Experiencesofothershelpchildrenlearntoacceptroles.●Messagesfromothershelpyou〔73〕▲whoyouare.●Needsand〔74〕▲ofothersshould