上海市张堰中学2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析

上海市张堰中学2021-2022学年高二英语上学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.FinallyIgottomygrandmother’shomeonfoot.

Really?You______aridethere.A.couldhavetaken

B.couldtakeC.shouldn’thavetaken

D.musthavetaken参考答案：A试题分析：考查虚拟语气。“其他动词+havedone”既可以表示对过去的虚拟，也可以表示对过去发生事情的推测。短语couldhavedone本可以做某事，实际上却没有做；shouldn'thavedone本不应该做某事，实际上却做了；musthavedone一定做了某事，表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测。句意：—最终我步行到了奶奶家。—真的吗？你本可以坐车去那里的。根据句意可知A正确。【名师点睛】“情态动词+have+done”是历年高考的重点和难点之一，现将其用法总结归纳如下：一、“must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句。1.Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面还是湿的。2.Youmusthavebeenmadtospeaktotheservant.你和仆人说话，一定是发疯了。二、“can't+have+done”表示对过去事情的否定推测，译成“不可能做过某事”。1.Mr.Smithcan'thavegonetoBeijing,forIsawhiminthelibraryjustnow.史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还在图书馆见过他。2.Marycan'thavestolenyourmoney.Shehasgonehome.玛丽不可能偷你的钱，她回家去了。三、“can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”。1.Thereisnolightintheroom.Cantheyhavegoneout?屋里没有灯，他们可能出去了吗？2.Thereisnowheretofindthem.Wherecantheyhavegone?到处找不到他们，他们可能到什么地方去呢？四、“could+have+done”是虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做。Hecouldhavepassedtheexam,buthewastoocareless.本来他能够通过考试，但是他太粗心。五、“may+have+done”表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。—WhathashappenedtoGeorge?—Idon'tknow.Hemayhavegotlost.—乔治发生了什么事？——我不知道，他可能迷路了。六、“might+have+done”表示对过去事情的推测，might与may意思相同，但可能性更小。多用于虚拟语气结构中。1.Hemighthavegivenyoumorehelp,eventhoughhewasbusy.(MET90)他或许会多给你一些帮助，即使他很忙。2.Shemighthaveachievedgreaterprogress,ifyouhadgivenhermorechances.如果你多给她点机会，她可能已经取得更大的成绩。七、“would+have+done”虚拟语气，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是“本来会做”。1.Iwouldhavetoldyouallabouttheboy'sstory,butyoudidn'taskme.我本来会告诉你这个小男孩的故事，但是你没有问我。2.Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn'thaveachievedsomuch.没有你的帮助，我是不会取得如此大的成绩。八、“should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。”“shouldn't+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了。含有指责对方或自责的含意。1.Tom,youaretoolazy.Theworkshouldhavebeenfinishedyesterday.汤姆，你太懒惰了，这项工作本来应该昨天就做完的。2.Look,Tomiscrying.Ishouldn'thavebeensoharshonhim.看，汤姆哭了，我本来不应该对他如此严厉。九、“oughtto+have+done”表示过去应该做而实际并没有做，译成“理应做……”，往往表示遗憾。与“should+have+done”用法基本一样。IoughttohavegonehomelastSunday.我理应上星期日回家。Yououghtnottohavegivenhimmorehelp.你不应该帮助他那么多。十、“need+have+done”表示本来需要做某事而没有做。“needn't+have+done”则表示“本来不需要做某事而做了”。Ineedn'thaveboughtsomuchwine—onlyfivepeoplecame.我本来没有必要买这么多酒，只来了五个人。Heneedhavehurriedtothestation.Inthatcase,bewouldn'thavemissedthetrain.他本来需要快点去车站，那样的话，他就不会误了火车。2.Theyhave_________aplanforreducingthedailyoutcome,whichisquitepractical.A.putoff

B.putaway

C.putdown

D.putforward参考答案：D3.Wehadabig_______yesterday,soIturnedmybacktohimandleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.A.comment

B.statement

C.announcement

D.argument参考答案：D4.WhywasHughoutofbreathwhenwemethim?He_____forthreehours.A.hasjogged

B.wasjogging

C.hadbeenjogging

D.hasbeenjogging参考答案：C5.Hisresearchhas___________mostofhistime,buthehasenjoyedit.

A.takenoff

B.takenup

C.takendown

D.takenaway参考答案：B6.Thetraditionis__________studentsthemselveshavetoraisethemoneytopayfortheirpromA.what

B.whenC.that

D.whether参考答案：C考查名词性从句。此处为表语从句，从句句子成分齐全，应使用只起连接作用的代词that引导。句意：这个传统是学生们自己为他们的班级舞会筹集资金。故选C。7.Hewarnedme________goingoutsidealoneatnight.A．against

B．ofC．about

D．for参考答案：Awarnsb.againstdoingsth.“警告某人不要做某事”。8.—Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?

—Becauselargequantitiesofwater______.

A.havepolluted

B.isbeingpolluted

C.hasbeenpolluted

D.havebeenpolluted参考答案：D略9.参考答案：C略10.Itremainstobeseen_____thenewlyformedpolicycanbeputintopractice.A.whether

B.that

C.what

D.which参考答案：A11.Iwonderwhatdifficultyhehad______theproject.A.carryingout

B.tocarryout

C.carriedout

D.tobecarriedout参考答案：A12.Wouldyoukindlytellme______?

A.howcanIgettotheSecondHospital

B.howIcangettotheSecondHospitalC.whereIcangettotheSecondHospital

D.whethercanIgettotheSecondHospital参考答案：B略13.Withtrees,flowersandgrass

everywhere,Meizhouhastakenonanewlook.A.

planting

B.planted

C.toplant

D.tobeplanted参考答案：B略14.

Whoisitthatismakingsomuchnoiseupstairs?

______thestudentspreparingfortheNewYear’sParty.

A.Thereare

B.Theyare

C.Itis

D.Thatis参考答案：C15.______hisoverseasstudy,hewaseventuallyemployedbyhisdreamcompany.

A.CompletingB.TocompleteC.CompletedD.Havingcompleted参考答案：D16.TheChinesescientistsclaimed_______acureforthedisease．A．havingdiscovered

B．discoveringC．tohavediscovered

D．thattheydiscover参考答案：C考查动词不定式的完成式作宾语。句意：中国科学家声称已经发现了治疗这种疾病的方法。固定搭配：claimtodosth.“声称”，此处动词不定式的动作discover先于claim的动作，所以用动词不定式的完成式，故答案为C。17.Weshouldproducefewerthingsfromrawmaterials,

thesupplyisgrowingsmallerandsmaller.A.whose B.ofwhich C.where D.withwhich参考答案：B18.theteacherpraisedmefor____progressIhadmade,whichwas_____greatencouragementtome.A.the;/

B.the;a

.C./;

a

D./;/参考答案：B二、短文改错19.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。EverymorningStevewenttoworkbytrain.Ashehasalongtrip,healwaysbuysnewspaper.Ithelpsmakethetimepassingmorequickly.OneTuesdaymorning,heturnedoverthesportspage.Hewantedtoseethereportaboutanimportantfootballmatchthenightbefore.Thereportwassointerestingthatheforgottogetoffathisstation.Hedidnotknowitunlesshesawthesea.Hegotoffatthenextstation,buthadtowaitalongtimeforatraintogoback.Itwasnodoubtthathearrivedlateattheoffice.HisbosswasangrywhenSievetoldtohimwhyhewaslate.“Workisveryimportantthanfootball!”heshouted.参考答案：1.went→goes

2.newspaper前面加a

3.passing→pass

4.over→to5.see→read

6.unless→until

7.but–and

8.It改为There9.去掉to

10.very→more三、阅读理解20.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Therearemanycommonlyheldbeliefsabouteyeglassesandeyesightthatarenotprovedfacts.Forexample,somepeoplebelievethatwearingglassestoosoonweakentheeyes.Butthereisnothingtoshowthatthestructure(结构)ofeyesischangedbywearinggalssesatayoungage.Wearingthewronggalsses,however,canproveharmful.Studiesshowthatonlychildrencandeveloplossofsihgtiftheyhavethewrongglasses.Wehaveallheardsomeofthecommonmyths(荒诞的说法)abouthoweyesightgetbad.Toolittlelightmakestheeyesworkharder,sotheydogettiredandstrained(过劳).Eyestrainalsoresulstsfromreadingalot,readinginbed,andwatchingtoomuchtelevision.But,althougheyestrainmaycausesomepainorheadaches,itdoesnotharmeyesightallthetime.Anothermythabouteyesisthattheycanbereplacedfromonepersontoanother.Itisquitedifficulttoconnectaneyeballtoanewbrain.Anditisimpossibletoreplaceawholeeyeballtoanewperson.Onlycertainpartsoftheeyecanbereplacednow.Butifwekeepclearingupthemythsandlearningmoreabouttheeyes,somedayitmaybepossibletoreplaceafulleyeball.69.Onecauseofeyestrainmentionedinthepassageis____.

.A.wearingeyeglassestoolong

B.goingtothecinemasC.readingalot

D.notvisitingyoureyedoctor70.Fromthispassageonecanconcludethat____.

.A.doctorsarestilllearningthingsabouteyesight

B.headcachesareusuallycausedbyeyestainC.peopleshouldwearglassesassoonaspossible

D.peopleonlybelievethingsthatareprovedfacts71."Commonlyheldbeliefs"are____.

.A.ideasthatonlylowclasspeoplebelieve

B.ideasthatmoetpeoplebelieveC.beliefsthathavesomethingincommon

D.foolishbeliefs72.Thispassagemainlytellsusthat____.A.peoplehavemanywrongbeliefsabouteyesandsight.B.therearemanythingsaboutthebodythatarenotcompletelyunderstoodC.thereareseveralcuasesofeyestrain

D.eyesareveryimportanttopeople参考答案：69-72CABA略21.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。Forawhile,myneighborhoodwastakeneverbyanarmyofjoggers.Theywerethereallthetime:earlymorning,noon,andevening.Therewerelittleoldladiesingraysweats,youngcouplesinAdidasshoes,middle-agedmenwithredfaces.“Comeon!”MyfriendAlexencouragedmetojoinhimashejoggedbymyhouseeveryevening.“You’llfeelgreat.”

Well,IhadnothingagainstfeelinggreatandifAlexcouldjogeveryday,anyonecould.SoItookupjoggingseriouslyandgaveitagoodtwomonthsofmylife,andnotadaymore.Basedonmyexperience,joggingisthemostovervaluedformofexercisearound,andjudgingfromthenumberofthepeoplewholeftourneighborhoodjoggingarmy,I’mnotaloneinmyopinion.

Firstofall,joggingisveryhardonthebody.Yourlegsandfeetneedarealpounding（追击）runningdownaroadfortwoorthreemiles.Idevelopedfoot,leg,andbackproblems.ThenIreadaboutanationallyfamousjoggerwhodiedofaheartattackwhilejogging,andIhadsomethingelsetoworryabout.Joggingdoesn’tkillhundredsofpeople,butifyouhaveanyphysicalweaknesses,joggingwillsurelybringthemout,astheydidwithme.

Secondly,Igotnoenjoymentoutofjogging.Puttingonefootinfrontoftheotherforforty-fiveminutesisn’tmyideaoffun.Joggingisalsoalonelypastime.Somejoggerssay,“Ilovebeingouttherewithjustmythoughts”Well,mythoughtsbegantoboreme,andmostofthemwereonhowmuchmylegshurt.

AndhowcouldIenjoysomethingthatbroughtmepain?Andthatwasn’tjustthefirstweek:itwaspracticallyeverydayfortwomonths.Inevergotpastthepainlevel,andpainisn’tfun.Whatacruelwaytodoit!Somanyotherexercises,includingwalking,leadtoalmostthesameresultspainlessly,sowhyjog?

Idon’tjoganymore,andIdon’tthinkIeverwill.I’mwalkingtwomilesthreetimesaweekatafastpace,andthatfeelsgood.Ibicycletoworkwhentheweatherisgood.I’mgettingexercise,andI’menjoyingitatthesametime.Icouldneversay