2021年高考英语二轮复习讲练测 阅读理解I 主旨大意题 考点1 精确归纳标题测案（教师版）

专题03阅读理解I主旨大意题考点1精确用细标题•一讲•练•羽一羽案时间:45分钟总分值:50L阅读理解（归纳标题）A【江苏省苏北六市（南通、徐州、淮安、宿迁、泰州、扬州）2021-2022学年高三第一次调研】Dozensofhoneybees,whichusuallyfeedonwildflowersafterleavingtheirhives（蜂房）inthecampusgardens,weretrickedintothecottagetofeedfromanartificialflower.Onlyonebeewasallowedinatatime,andtheirvisitstoartificialflowerswerevideoedandtimedunderdifferentfanspeeds,whichmimicked（模拟）calmandwindydays.Buttheresearchersaretryingtohelpthem:itisacontrolledexperimentthatrevealshowhighwindspeedssignificantlyreducetheefficiencyoftheirfeeding.Withnowind,thebeesonaveragetooknectar（花蜜）from5.45flowersduringtheir90-secondtimetrial.Whenwindspeedswereincreased,thisfelltoanaverageof3.73flowers.Researchersalsoexaminedtheindirectimpactofhigherwindsbymovingtheflowers.Thefindingsrevealthat,whileflowermovementdidnotappeartohaveaneffectonthebees,themovementofairfromthefansmadethemmuchmorehesitanttotakeofffromaflower,withtimetakenrangingfromaninitial0.05secondsto54seconds.GeorgiaHennessy,leadauthoroftheresearch,saidthatonepossiblereasonforthewindcausinghesitancywasthatsmallincreasesinwindspeedreducedthebees'bodytemperature,sotheyrequirelongertowarmuptheflightmusclesrequiredtotakeoff.“Withwindspeedspredictedtoincreaseintheyearsahead,understandinghowwecanhelpbeesinachangingclimateisbecomingevermorepressing.Althoughwecan'tdomuchtocontrolorstopthewind,wecantakestepstoreduceitsimpactonbees,suchasplacinghivesinshelteredlocations/9saidHennessy.TheUN'sFoodandAgricultureOrganizationwarnedlastyearthatthedeclineinglobalbeepopulationswasa"threattoglobalfoodsecurityanddiversity”.DaveGoulson,professorofbiologyattheUniversityofSussex,said:"Beesalreadyfacemanypressuresinthemodernworld,suchaslossofhabitatsandexposuretopesticides（杀虫剂），andagreatmanyareindecline.Copingwithincreasinglywindyweatherunderclimatechangemaybethefinalstraw.”1.Whattaskdidtheresearcherssetforthebees?Identifyingthenewroute.Survivinginextremeconditions.Feedingunderdifferentwindspeeds.Distinguishingvariouskindsofflowers.2.Whatprobablymakesabeehesitanttotakeofffromaflower?Afullstomach.gotnewsabouthermissingfather.（运用了that引导的宾语从句以及where引导的非限制性定语从句）Lossofbalance.C,Changedflowerpositions.D.Reducedbodytemperature.3.Whatcanwedotoreducetheimpactofhighwindsonbees?Stopthewind.Restoretheirhabitats.C・Addressclimatechange.D.Prohibittheuseofpesticides.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?LossofbeescausesfailureoffoodcropsBeesareonthedeclineasglobalheatingworsensBeesmaystruggleinwindscausedbyglobalwarmingArtificialflowersareusedforthreatenedbeepopulations【答案】1.C2.D3.C4.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个关于风速对蜜蜂进食效率的影响的实验，进而引出蜜蜂当下所面临的困境，并引发对于如何解决这一问题的思考。.细节理解题。根据第一段“Dozensofhoneybees,whichusuallyfeedonwildflowersafterleavingtheirhives（蜂房）inthecampusgardens,weretrickedintothecottagetofeedfromanartificialflower.Onlyonebeewasallowedinatatime,andtheirvisitstoartificialflowerswerevideoedandtimedunderdifferentfanspeeds,whichmimicked（模拟）calmandwindydays.（几十只蜜蜂通常在离开校园花园的蜂巢后以野花为食，它们被骗进小屋，以一朵人造花为食。一次只允许一只蜜蜂进入，并在不同的风扇速度下对它们造访人造花进行录像和计时，模拟了平静和有风的日子）“可知，研究人员为蜜蜂设置的任务是在不同的风速下进食。应选C。.细节理解题。根据第六段“GeorgiaHennessy,leadauthoroftheresearch,saidthatonepossiblereasonforthewindcausinghesitancywasthatsmallincreasesinwindspeedreducedthebees'bodytemperature,sotheyrequirelongertowarmuptheflightmusclesrequiredtotakeoff.（这项研究的主要作者GeorgiaHennessy说，风导致蜜蜂迟疑的一个可能原因是风速的小幅增加降低了蜜蜂的体温，因此它们需要更长的时间来预热起飞所需的飞行肌群）”可知，降低的体温导致蜜蜂从一朵花到另一朵花的迟疑。应选D。.细节理解题。根据最后——段的"Copingwithincreasinglywindyweatherunderclimatechangemaybethefinalstraw.（应对气候变化下日益多风的天气可能是最后一根稻草厂可知，应对风变多的天气是最后的方法，故选C。.主旨大意题u文章内容，尤其第一段本“Dozensofhoneybees,whichusuallyfeedonwildflowersafterleavingtheirhives（蜂房）inthecampusgardens,weretrickedintothecottagetofeedfromanartificialflower.Onlyonebeewasallowedinatatime,andtheirvisitstoartificialflowerswerevideoedandtimedunderdifferentfanspeeds,whichmimicked（模拟）calmandwindydays.（几十只蜜蜂通常在离开校园花园的蜂巢后以野花为食，它们被骗进小屋，以一朵人造花为食。一次只允许一只蜜蜂进入，并在不同的风扇速度下对它们造访人造花进行录像和计时，模拟了平静和有风的日子）”和最后一段的“Copingwithincreasinglywindyweatherunderclimatechangemaybethefinalstraw.（应对气候变化下日益多风的天气可能是最后一根稻草）”可知，文主要围绕风速对于蜜蜂进食速率的影响的相关研究，进而引申出当下蜜蜂所面临的困境，以及如何解决该问题。故C项“蜜蜂可能会在全球变暖引起的大风中挣扎”可以作为本文标题。应选C。B【福建省泉州市2021-2022学年高中毕业班质量监测（二）】IntheUnitedStatesalone,about30%ofallfoodthatisharvestedisthrownaway.Oftenthisfoodisnotconsumedduetoearlyspoilage（腐烂）.Toarriveatharvest,producemustbegrownthroughastrictagriculturalprocess,whichrequiresagreatdealofresourcesincludingmoney,labor,water,andenergy.HazelTechnologies,aChicago-basedstartupthatcreatedasmalldrop-inpackettokeepbanansandotherproducefromturningprematurelybrown,isstartingtoproducealotofgreen.Havingraised70millioninacompletedinvestmentround,the6-year-oldcompanyaimstolaunchtheirproductsineverymajoragriculturaleconomyonEarth.Hazelworkswithmorethan160companiesacross12countries.Itsproductdeliversanodorlessvapor（无味的气体）insugar-packetsizedinsertscalledsachets.Whendroppedinboxes,ofproduce,thesachetcanasmuchastriple（三倍）shelflife.Moreover,Hazel'snewly-fundedMCPtechnologyoanincreasetheproduce'sresistancetoethylene-achemicalpromotinggrowth.Inadditiontogrowers,severalgrocerychainsusetheHazelproductandservicetokeepproduerfresherlonger.Thisyear,Hazelprojectsitsproductandservicewillbeusedwithmorethan6.3bilionpoundsofproduce,preventingmorethan500millionpoundsfromgoingtowaste.“Thecompanysaiditsprofits,whichtripledlastyear,areundermarketforusisvery,verylarge,“saidMouat,CEOofthecompany.HeexpectsHazeltobein20countriesby2025,withinternationalbusinessaccountingfor75%ofannualincome.“Itsjustamassivegrowingmarketopportunity,“saidTimBluth,vicepresidentatPontifaxAgTech,whopraisedtheHazelproductforitseaseofuseandlowcost."AndIthink,mostimportantly,...itworks.”5.WhatisHazePstechnologyintendedfor?A.Extendingshelflifeoffood.B.Enhancingfoodflavor.C.Boostingfoodproduction.D.Quickeningcropgrowth.WherecanyoufindHazefstechnicalprinciple?A.Inparagraph2.B.Inparagraph3.C.Inparagraph4.D.Inparagraph5.WhatdoesTimBluththinkofHazePstechnology?A.Improvable.B.Unaffordable.C.Complicated.D.Promising.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?A.HazelHitsWorldB.HazelMeetsProfitsC.HazelIncreasesSalesD.HazelHatesWaste【答案】5.A6.B7.D8,D【解析•】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍一款延长食品保质期的新创造。.细节理解题。根据第三段中"Itsproductdeliversanodorlessvapor（无味的气体）insugar-packetsizedinsertscalledsachets.Whendroppedinboxes,ofproduce,thesachetcanasmuchastriple（三倍）shelflife.（它的产品在糖包大小的小袋中提供无味的气体。当投进盒子里时，就农产品而言，这种香包可以增加三倍之多的保质期。）”可知，Hazel'stechnology主要是为了延长食品的保质期，应选择A项。.推理判断题。根据第三段中"Moreover,Hazel'snewly-fundedMCPtechnologyoanincreasetheproduce'sresistancetoethylene-achemicalpromotinggrowth（此外，黑兹尔新投资的MCP技术可以提高产品对乙烯的抵抗力，乙烯是一种促进生长的化学物质。）”可知，是在第三段中主要介绍了黑兹尔产品的科学原理，应选择B项。.推理判断题。根据最后一段“"Itsjustamassivegrowingmarketopportunity/^aidTimBluth,"Itsjustamassivegrowingmarketopportunity,“saidTimBluth,vicepresidentatPontifaxAgTech,whopraisedtheHazelproductforitseaseofuseandlowcost.（“这只是一个巨大的增长市场机会，”蒂姆・布卢斯，PontifaxAgTech的副总裁说，他称赞Hazel产品易于使用且本钱低。）”可知，蒂姆・布卢斯认为Hazel产品很有前景，A.Improvable.可改进的；B.Unaffordable.负担不起的；C.Complicated.复杂的；D.Promising.有前景的。应选择D项。.主旨大意题。根据第一段“（IntheUnitedStatesalone,about30%ofallfoodthatisharvestedisthrownaway.Oftenthisfoodisnotconsumedduetoearlyspoilage（腐烂）.仅在美国，收获的食物中就有30%被扔掉了。通常这种食物由于过早变质而不被食用。）”可知Hazel产品主要就是为了改变这种浪费，应选择D项。C【广东省梅州市2021-2022学年高三下学期2月总复习质检（一模）】It'spracticallyasceneonAmericantelevision.Ababyisbom.Friendsandfamilyoffertheircongratulations.Butthen,inthecarfromthehospital,adeepworryfallsovertheparents."Howintheworldarewegoingtopayforcollege?^^It'struethatgoingtouniversityabroadisaveryexpensiveoption.TuitionismuchhigherthanatChineseuniversities,andthentherearetheexpensesforroomandboard.TuitionatHarvardthisyearisaround$46,000（¥318,700）,butwhenyouincludestudentservicefees,room,andboard,thatfigurejumpstooverS65,000ayear.SchoolsoutsidetheUSarealittlebitlessexpensiveonaverage,buttheycanstillemptyyourwallet.TuitionatOxfordUniversityisatleast¥136,500.ThecostofAustralia'sUniversityofMelbournevariesagreatdealdependingonthediscipline,buttuitionalonewilllikelysetstudentsback¥148,500ayear.Thesenumberscanbereallyshocking,butdon'tworry.Mostuniversitieshavesystemsinplacetohelpstudentspayfortheireducation.Thefirstthingyoushouldlookintoiswhetherornotyouarefitforfinancialaid.Whilesomeuniversitiesdon'tallowinternationalstudentstoapplyfbraid,manymakenodistinction.Whilemostfinancialaidis“need-based”,meaningthatyouhavetodemonstratethatyourparentscannotaffordtopaythefullamount,therearealsoscholarshipsbasedonmerit.Ifyouareamathtalentorapromisingbasketballplayeryoumightendupgoingtocollegefreeofcharge.Then,therearesomescholarshipsthataredesignedspecificallyforChinesestudents.ThefamousFreemanScholarshipatWesleyanUniversity,forexample,isawardedtotwoChinesestudentsfromHongKongandtwofromthemainlandeachyear.WhatdoAmericanparentsoftenworryabout,accordingtothefirstparagraph?Theirchildren'shealthafterleavingthehospital.Thestresstheirchildrenwillfaceatcollege.Howtopayfbrtheirchildren'scollegeeducation.Thefuturetheirchildrenwillhaveaftercollege.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph6?Internationalstudentsarelookeddownuponatsomeuniversities.Someuniversitiesonlyofferfinancialaidtolocalstudents.Internationalstudentscan'tgetfinancialaidatmostuniversities.D.Therearestrictrulesaboutfinancialaidforinternationalstudents.WhocanreceivetheFreemanScholarship?Tony,anAmericanwhohasappliedforfinancialaid.Susan,aChinesegirlwhoisgiftedinmathematics.Ann,aJapanesegirlwhoplaysmusic.Joe,aCanadianwhoplaysbasketballverywell.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.Schoolsysteminwesterncountries.B.Collegetuitioncostathomeandabroad.C.Howtopayfortheforeigncollegeeducation?D.Howtoapplyforfinancialaidforlocalstudents?【答案】9.CIO.Bll.B12.C【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了出国上大学如何支付学费的问题，介绍了一些名校的学费情况以及可以有助于支付学费的方法。.细节理解题。根据第一段"It'spracticallyasceneonAmericantelevision.Ababyisbom.Friendsandfamilyoffertheircongratulations.Butthen,inthecarfromthehospital,adeepworryfallsovertheparents."Howintheworldarewegoingtopayforcollege?”（这几乎是美国电视上的一幕。一个婴儿出生了。朋友和家人向他表示祝贺。但随后，在从医院出来的车里，父母陷入了深深的担忧。“我们到底要怎么付得起大学学费呢？”广可知，美国父母经常担忧如何支付孩子的大学教育。应选C。.Z田节理解题。I艮据第六段“Thefirstthingyoushouldlookintoiswhetherornotyouarefitforfinancialaid.Whilesomeuniversitiesdon'tallowinternationalstudentstoapplyfbraid,manymakenodistinction.（你首先要考虑的是你是否适合申请助学金。虽然有些大学不允许国际学生申请助学金，但许多大学对国际学生一视同仁广可知，有些大学只给本地学生提供经济援助。应选B。.推理判断题。根据最后一段“Then,therearesomescholarshipsthataredesignedspecificallyforChinesestudents.ThefamousFreemanScholarshipatWesleyanUniversity,forexample,isawardedtotwoChinesestudentsfromHongKongandtwofromthemainlandeachyear.（此外，还有一些专门为中国学生设计的奖学金。例如，卫斯理大学著名的弗里曼奖学金每年颁发给两名来自香港的中国学生和两名来自内地的学生广可推知，在数学方面很有天赋的中国女孩苏珊能获得弗里曼奖学金，应选B。.主旨大意题。根据第二段"It'struethatgoingtouniversityabroadisaveryexpensiveoption.TuitionismuchhigherthanatChineseuniversities,andthentherearetheexpensesforroomandboard.(确实，出国上大学是一个非常昂贵的选择。学费比中国大学要高得多，此外还有食宿费)”结合文章主要说明了出国上大学如何支付学费的问题，介绍了一些名校的学费情况以及可以有助于支付学费的方法。可知，c选项“如何支付国外大学教育费用？”最符合文章标题。应选C。II.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。【2022届安徽省江南十校高三下学期3月一模联考】Chinahasformallymadean1(announce)ofitsfirstfivenationalparksof230,000squarekilometersfromTibettoHainan,focusingonpreservationofitsmostvaluablebio-resources.GiantPandaNationalParkwillsurelybe2hitwiththeswellsoftouristswhocomeyearlyforsomeoftheworld'scutestanimals.3(cover)threeprovincesofSichuan,ShaanxiandGansu,theregionisthepanda'snaturalhabitat.Theintersection(交汇处)ofJilinandHeilongjiangprovincesishometoNortheastChinsTigerandLeopardNationalPark,which4(set)outtoprotectthehabitatsofthosetwospeciessinceitsstart.Itistheuniquearea5livebothwildSiberiantigersandSiberianleopards.China'sbest-preservedrainforestisinHainan,theonlyplaceintheworld6(find)theHainanblack-crestedgibbon.HainanTropicalRainforestNationalParkprotectsthegibbonsand7(they)environment.Unlikethosethree,WuyishanNationalParkinFujianProvinceandSanjiangyuanNationalParkontheQinghai-TibetPlateaufocus8(much)onpreservingmultipleanimalsthan9(specific)protectingonespecies.Theyservevariousrareandendangeredspeciesandconservebiodiversity.Now,withsometouristprograms10place,theseparkswillbeagoodwayfortouriststotrulyexperiencethenaturaloriginalityaswellasexpansiveChineselandscape.【答案】1.announcement2.a3.Covering4.hasset5.where6.tofind7.their8.more9.specifically10.in【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国第一批五个国家公园的情况及其意义。1.考查名词。句意：中国正式宣布首批5个国家公园，占地23万平方公里，从西藏到海南，重点保护其最珍贵的生物资源。作宾语，表示“宣布”应用名词announcement,不定冠词提示用单数。故填announcemento2.考查冠词。句意：大熊猫国家公园肯定会受到每年前来观赏世界上最可爱的动物的大量游客的欢迎。hit此处泛指“受欢迎的事物”应用不定冠词，且hit是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。.考查非谓语动词。句意：覆盖四川、陕西和甘肃三省的该地区是大熊猫的自然栖息地。分析句子结构可知cover在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语theregion构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Covering。.考查时态。句意：东北虎豹国家公园位于吉林省和黑龙江省的交界处，自成立以来，该公园就一直致力于保护这两个物种的栖息地。根据后文sinceitsstart可知从句用现在完成时,从句谓语与先行词NortheastChinsTigerandLeopardNationalPark保持一致，助动词用has。故填hasset。.考查定语从句。句意：这是一个同时生活着野生东北虎和西伯利亚豹的独特地区。此处为定语从句修饰先行词area,从句为倒装句，关系副词where在从句中作状语，相当于inthisarea。故填where。.考查非谓语动词。句意：海南是中国保存最完好的热带雨林，也是世界上唯一能找到海南黑冠长臂猿的地方。place前有theonly修饰，后面的定语用todo形式，为固定搭配。故填tofind。.考查代词。句意：海南热带雨林国家公园保护着长臂猿和它们的生存环境。修饰后文名词environment应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。.考查比拟级。句意：与上述三个国家公园不同，福建的武夷山国家公园和青藏高原的三江源国家公园更注重保护多种动物，而不是专门保护一个物种。结合后文than可知应用much的比拟级形式。故填more。.考查副词。句意：与上述三个国家公园不同，福建的武夷山国家公园和青藏高原的三江源国家公园更注重保护多种动物，而不是专门保护一个物种。修饰后文动词protect应用副词specifically,作状语。故填specificallyo.考查介词。句意：现在，随着一些旅游工程准备就绪，这些公园将是游客真正体验自然原创性和广阔的中国景观的好方式。结合句意表示“准备就绪”可知短语为inplace。故填in。III.书面表达1.应用文写作【福建省泉州市2021-2022学年高中毕业班质量监测（二）】假定你是李华，你校学生英语报正在举办“热爱劳动”为主题的征文活动。请你以“OneofMyLaboringExperiences”为题写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：.劳动体验；.感受。注意：.写作词数应为80左右；.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。OneofMyLaboringExperiences【答案】OneofMyLaboringExperiencesOnMayDay,myclassmatesandIwenttotheneighborhoodparktodosomevoluntarywork,whichwastoweedthepark.At9:00am.wegottogetherinthepark.Weweredividedintothreegroupsandbegantoweed.Somestudentsweedwithasickle,somecutitwithashovel,andothersevenpulledthegrasswiththeirhands.Whileweweredoingthat,sometouristscametopraiseus,whichmadeusmorethanproud.Dirtyandtired,allofuswerehappyverymuch.【解析】本文是应用文。要求考生以“OneofMyLaboringExperiences”为题写一篇短文投稿。.词汇积累去某地：wentto-setoutfbr组，群：group—>part非常：morethan—>verymuch骄傲：proud一takepride2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Dirtyandtired,allofuswerehappyverymuch.拓展句：Thoughweweredirtyandtired,allofuswerehappyverymuch.［高分句型1］OnMayDay,myclassmatesandIwenttotheneighborhoodparktodosomevoluntarywork,whichwastoweedthepark.（由which引导的非限制性定语从句）［高分句型2JWhileweweredoingthat,sometouristscametopraiseus,whichmadeusmorethanproud.（由While引导的时间状语从句和which引导的非限制性定语从句）.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Theoldmanturnedawaysadlyashiseyeswerefilledwithtears."PoorMr.Dev...,^thoughtIndrasympathetically.Anotherdaywentpastandtherewasstillnosignofhisfamily.Indrawonderedhowchildrencouldbesocarelessastoloseaparentlikethis.Indrarecalledthedaytheoldmanwasadmittedtoherward.Hewasthinandweak.Hecouldnotproducehisidentitycardbutheclaimedherememberedthenumber.Thehospitaltriedtocontacthigfamilyusingthephonenumberheofferedbutitwasinvain.Mr.Devwastreatedforalunginfectionandwasnowrecovering.Soon,itwouldbetimeforhimtobedischarged（出院）.Wherewouldhegothen?Hedidnotlookstrongenoughtoliveindependently.Indrathtewdownthefileshewasholdingasangerrosewithinher."What'sthematter?^^askedPoh,Indra'scolleague."TmjustupsetaboutoldMr.Dev/9Indrareplied.Pohnoddedwithunderstanding.Asamoreexperiencednurse,shehadseenmanysimilarcasesandlearnedtocontrolherfeelings.“Don'tworrytoomuch.Thehospitalhascontactedthecivil-administrationdepartment（民政部门）andofferedtheinformationaboutthemissingman,Mr.Devwillbeplacedinanoldfolks'homeifnoonecomestopickhimup."Pohsaid,pattingIndra'sarmcomfortingly.Indrasighed."Iknow.Itsjustthatheeagerlyexpectshisfamilytovisithim.Hecleansandtidieshimselfeverymorningandsitsuptowaitexpectantly.Youcanseetheeagernessinhiseyeswheneverthedooropens.Attheendofftedayhegoestosleepwithtearsinhiseyes.Itmakesmecryinside.”Pohshookherheadsadly."Heneedsamiracle（奇迹）Afewdayslater,thedoctorconfirmedthatMr.Devwasfitenoughtobedischarged.Indrawasinformedthatanadministratorhadbeenwaitingdownstairs,readytotakeMr.De