初三英语短文填空

初三英语短文填空（五）短文填空题的命题特点短文填空是陕西省、重庆市、武汉市、黄冈市、福州市等省、市近两年才创设的一种新题型。这种题型通常有四种形式：1、给出一篇难易适中的短文，中间去掉几个单词，让考生根据上下文填上所缺的单词。2、给出一篇难易适中的短文，中间去掉几个单词，但给出这些单词的第一个字母，让考生根据短文的上下文的意思和所给的提示字母，天上所缺的单词。3、给出一篇难易适中的短文，中间去掉几个单词，同时在一个方框内给出一些单词，让考生根据短文的内容，把这些单词填入空白处，使文章正确、通顺。4、给出一篇难易适中的短文，中间去掉几个单词或短语，同时给出这些单词或短语的汉语意思，让考生根据短文的上下文和所给汉语的提示，填上适当地单词或短语。陕西省的短文填空题采用的基本上是第四种形式。这种题型考查的是考生的整体阅读能力、基础语法的运用能力和书面表述能力，特别是单词和短语的拼写能力。它是介于阅读理解和书面表达之间的一种题型。陕西省中考英语题中的短文填空题又有什麽具体特点呢？1、从文体上看，议论文和叙事文为主。2002年陕西省的短文填空题所给的短文是一篇论说文，论说的主题是：只有母亲的爱是真正的爱。2003年的中考说明样题所给的短文是一篇叙事文。讲述的是圣诞节的情况。2003年的中考题中的短文填空题也是一篇叙事文。讲述的是主题是因特网的历史。2、从填空的内容上看，以词组和短语为主。2002年短文填空题共有10个空，其中6个空填的是词组和短语。2003年中考说明中短文填空题共有10个空，其中7个空填的是词组和短语。2003年中考题中的短文填空题共有10个空，其中5个空填的是词组和短语。也就是说短文填空题要填的词组和短语总体上保持在5-7个。3、从考查的范围上看，以英语的一些特殊用法为主。2002年的短文填空题考到了enough作副词，放在被修饰词之后的用法，考到了“with+名词”构成的介词短语的用法。2003年终考说明中的短文填空题又一次出现了“with+名词”构成的介词短语用法。2003年中考题的短文填空题考查了somethingwrong这样的形容词后置的特殊用法。4、从所留的空白上看，以给出汉语提示为主。2003年中考说明的短文填空题共留出10个空白，其中8处给出了汉语提示，2处没有任何提示。2003年中考的短文填空题同样是10个空白，全部给出了汉语提示。二、短文填空题的解题技巧做好短文填空题要求考生具备坚实的语法基础，理解文章大意和主旨的能力，牢固掌握英语的习惯用法和固定搭配，熟记英语单词的拼写。做短文填空可以从以下几个方面着手：1、从语法方面考虑短文填空题所涉及的语法内容通常包括：名词的单复数、形容词和副词的比较等级、主谓一致、动词的时态和语态、介词和连词的选用等。例如2003年中考的短文填空题的第一个空：“Mostofus_1（忙于［talkingaboutandusingtheInterneteveryday...."在这里，用英语表示“忙于"不仅要用busy,busy之前还要加be,而be还要和主语mostofus保持一致，变成are。2、从习惯用法和固定搭配方面考虑如上所说，陕西省的短文填空以词组和短语为主，而词组和短语必然会涉及到很多习惯用法和固定搭配。例如2003年中考说明短文填空的第8个空：“_8（在圣诞夜）childrenareveryhappy.”用英语表示“在圣诞夜"必须用OnChristmasEve。因为在“某一天的晚上"习惯上用介词on。3、从上下文的结构方面考虑有的空白必须根据上下文的结构才能判断应该填什麽样的单词或短语。例如2003年考试说明短文填空的第9个空:Theyputtheirstockingattheendoftheirbeds9theirparentscanputpresentsinthem.从上下文文我们可以看出，他们把他们的长筒袜放在床头上是为了让他们的父母亲能够把礼物放在里面。以此判断，后面的句子应是一个目的状语从句。因此，应填sothat。三、短文填空题的实例分析（2003，陕西省）V.短文填空：（共10空，计10分。单词拼写错误不给分，短语中单词大小写、拼写错误扣0.5分）根据上下文和括号里的汉语提示，在下面短文的空白处写出正确的单词或词组。使短文意思完整，语句连贯。MostofusK忙于）talkingaboutandusingtheInterneteveryday,buthowmanyofusknowthe2-（历史）oftheInternet?Manypeopleare3_（惊讶）whentheyfindthattheInternetwassetupinthe1960s.4（那时），computerswerelargeand5（贵的）.Computernetworksdidn'twork6（好）.Iftherewas7（出故障）withonecomputerinthenetwork,thewholenetworkstopped,soanetworksystemhadtobesetup.Itshouldbegoodenoughtobeusedbymany8_（不同的）kindsofcomputers.If9（任何部分）ofthenetworkwasnotworking,informationcouldbesentthroughanotherpart.10（用这种方法）,computernetworksystemwouldkeeponworkingallthetime..arebusy。汉语提示应填“忙于”，根据句子结构判断，所填的词或短语在句中作谓语，英语应为bebusy。句子的主语是mostofus,谓语应用复数形式。Bebusy应变为arebusy。history。汉语提示为“历史”，在定冠词之后应为名词。surprised。汉语提示为“惊讶”，在句中作表语，句子的主语是人，人感到惊讶，应用过去分词surprised。Atthattime。汉语提示为“那时”，其真正意思是“在那个时候”，又因为这个短语在句首，第一个字母应大写，相应的英语短语应是Atthattime。expensive/dear。汉语提示为“贵的”。因为在句中作表语，应用形容词expensive/dear。well。汉语提示为“好”，在句中作状语，因此用well表示。somethingwrong。汉语提示为“出故障"，英语表示“某个东西出了故障”常常用Therewassomethingwrongwithsth.这个句型。differento汉语提示为“不同的”，其形容词形式是differentoanypart。汉语提示为“任何部分”，相应的英语表达应是anypart。Inthisway。汉语提示为“用这种方法”，又因为这个短语在句首，第一个字母大写。所以其英语表达应是Inthisway。能级演练1MostofAmericanbusinessesareopenfivedaysaweek.Americanschoolchildrenattendschoolfivedaysaweekaswell.Americanfamiliesusuallyhavea1（两天）weekend.TheweekendisSaturdayandSunday.Overtheweekendpeoplespendtheirtime2（以许多不同的方式）.Manyfamiliesenjoyweekends3（一起）.Theymaygoshopping,goforadriveorvisitfriends.Theymayalsoinvitefriendsoverand4（聚会）athome.ManyAmericanfamiliesparticipate（参加口）insportsduringtheweekend.5（跑步）,biking,playingvolleyballandswimming6（流行）insummer.Skiingandskatingarethe7（最喜爱的）wintersports.WeekendsarealsoatimeforAmericanfamiliestoworkonsomethingintheiryardsorin8（他们的）houses.Manyfamiliesplantflowersandhavevegetablegardens.Somefamiliesusetheweekends9（粉刷）orrepairtheirhouses.10（对大部分美国人来说）,weekendsareverybusy.1.two-day2.inmanydifferentways3.together4.haveaparty5.Running6.arepopular7.favourite8.their9.topaint10.FormostAmericans2Perhapsmorethananyotherpeople,Americanshavecometodependontheircars.Thefamilycar1（一直是）acommonthing2（从以来）theearlytwentiethcentury,andithaschangedAmericanlife.Manypeoplehavemoved3（外面）ofthelargecitiestothesuburbs.SomeAmericansspend4（每天两小时）ormoreintheircars5（去上班）andhomeagain.Carshavebecomethe6（工具）oftransportationformostAmericansgoingshopping,andevengoingonvacations.Americans7（过去常常）likebigcars,andgasolineusedtobeveryinexpensive.Recently,8（然而），thecostofgasolinehasincreased,smallercarshavebecome（更常见）.Alsoforeigncarshavebecomeverycommon.Americanshavebought（大量的）JapaneseandGermancars.Theyhaveboughtcarsfromseveralothercountriesaswell.1.hasbeen2.since3.outside4.twohoursaday5.goingtowork6.means7.usedto8.however9.morecommon10.largenumbersof3InAmericanhighschool1（大多数）studentstakeEnglish,science,mathandhistory.2（在英语课堂上），thestudentsstudygrammarandreadfamousliterature.Inscienceclass,theystudybiology,chemistryorphysics.Historyis3（更有趣）tosomestudentsbecausetheylearnaboutimportanteventsandplaces4（在美国）.Studentstake5（其它）courses,too.Theseareelectives.Somestudy6（音乐）becausetheyfeelitismoreenjoyable.Somestudy7（计算机科学）becausethey8_（认为）itismorepractical.9（在各自课堂上），teachersgivestudentsexams.Someexamsaremoredifficultthanothers,butagoodstudentcanalwaysdo10（好）.1.most2.InEheUnitedSputerscience8.think9.Ineachclass10.well4OnekindofvacationthatmanyAmericansenjoyiscamping.Eachsummer1（数百万的）Americansdrivetothecountrysidewheretheyfindplaces2（野营）.Thenationalparks,manyofwhichare3（在山里），arefavouritecampingplaces.Campersenjoythe4（新鲜空气），thelakesandtheforestswhichtheyfindintheseparks.Campershike,swimandfish.Theycanalsofind5（许多种）animalsandplantsintheparks.Mostlycampershavetrailerswhichtheydriveorpullbehindtheircarstotheircampsites.Trailersarelikehouses6（在轮子上）.Theyhavemanyconvenienceswhichpeoplehaveintheirhomes,7（例如）electricityandhotwater.But8（大多数）campersdon'thavetrailers.Theycampintentswhichthey_9（搭起）intheircampsites.Campersintentsdon'thavetheconveniencesthatcampersintrailershave.Tentcampersenjoy10（—种简单的生活）.1.hemountains4.freshair5.manykindsof6.onwheels7.suchas8.most9.setup10.averysimplelife5FarmLifeintheUnitedStatesAllbigcitiesarequitesimilar.LivinginamodernAsiancityisnotvery1（不同於）livinginanAmericancity.Thesamecannotbesaidaboutliving2（在农场上）,however.Inmanypartsoftheworld,farmersandtheirfamilieslive_3_（在村庄和城镇里）.IntheUnitedStates,however,eachfarmfamilylivesonitsownfields,oftenbeyondthesightofanyneighbors.4（不用）travelingfromavillagetothefieldseverymorning,Americanfarmersstay5（在他们的土地上）throughouttheweek.Theytraveltothenearesttown6（在星期六）forshoppingoronSundaysforchurch.Thechildrenrideonbusestolargeschoolswhichserve7（所有的农场家庭）livinginthearea.Insomeareas,therearesmallschoolsservingafewfarmfamilies,andthechildrenwalktoschool.8（当然）lifekeepschangingforeveryone,includingfarmers.Todaytherearecars,goodroads,radios,andtelevisionsets.Andofcoursetherearemodernmachinesforfarming.Allofthesehavechangedfarmlife.Formanyyears,however,farminginAmericawasoftenalonelywayofliving.Farmers9（不得不）dealwiththeirownproblems,insteadofgettinghelpfromothers.They10（学会）totrynewmethods,andtotrusttheirownideasinsteadoffollowingolderways.1.differentfrom2.onfarms3.invillagesortowns4.Insteadof5.ontheirland6.onSaturdays7.allofthefarmfamilies8.Ofcourse9.hadto10.learned6HewasborninAtlanta,Georgia,onJanuary15,1929.Hewasblack.Helived1（仅仅）thirty-nineyears,buthebecameworld-famousinthatshorttime.He2（长大）inthesoutheasternpartoftheUnitedStates.HestudiedatMorehouseCollegewherehemetmanyoutstandingmenwhoseideashefoundimportantandexciting.TherehereadthewritingsofThoreau,whichgavehimmanyideas3（关于自由）.AfterhegraduatedfromMorehouse,he4（接着）tostudyattheUniversityofPennsylvania,HarvardUniversity,andBostonUniversity.AtBostonUniversity,hemethiswife,Coretta.5（1954）,afterhegothisPh.D.degree,hebecametheministerofasmallchurch6（南方的）.Therehebecametheleaderoftheblackpeople,whowerepoorandwithoutpower.Hegavespeechesandledmarches.Forhisideasandactions,hewenttojail7（一段时间）.8（许多年以后）,inWashington,D.C.,hespoketoacrowdof250,000people.Hetoldthem,“Ihaveadream.”Thatspeechisstill9（著名）.In1964hewontheNobelPeacePrize.Hisworkwasnot10（结束）whenhediedonApril4,1968.Whowashe?HewasMartinLutherKing.1.only2.grewup3.aboutfreedom4.wenton5.Ihesouth7.forashorttime8.Manyyearslater9.famous10.finished7DearMr.Costa,I'msorryithastakenmesolongtowrite.I'vebeenverybusywithworkandschool,butI've1（想起）youoften.How'veyoubeenlately?DidyouhaveagoodChristmasandNewYear's?Macsaysyou'vebeenworkinghardattherestaurantandthatbusinessisverygood.What2_（别的）haveyoubeendoing?Ihadashortbutgoodvacation.MacandIwenttoChicagofor_3（几天）beforeChristmas,butI4（不得不）comebackandworkbetweenChristmasandNewYear's（includingChristmasDayandNewYear'sEve）!5（每次）somethinglikethat6（发生）Iwonder讦Ireallywanttoworkinthehotelbusiness.TheotherdayIwasthinkingaboutthefunweusedtohave7（在我们英语课堂上）.Ihaven'tseenmanyofourclassmatessincethecoursewasover.8（事实上）,theonlyoneIseeveryoftenisTomiko.I'dreallyliketogetintouchwithFranco.Doeshe9（曾经）writetoyou?Ifso,couldyoupleasesendmehisaddress?Well,MacandIaregoingskatingandhe10（在等我），soIguessI'dbettersaygoodbyenow.Writeassoonasyoucan.Love,

Maria1.thoughtabout2.else3.afewdays4.hadto5.Everytime6.happens7.inourEnglishclass8.Infact9.ever10.iswaitingforme8TheweatherinBritainchangesveryquickly.Onedaymaybefineand1（第二天）maybewet.Themorningmaybewarmandtheeveningmaybecool.Youmay2（上床睡觉）withthestarsshinningbrightly,and3（醒来）withrainfallingheavily.Thisiswhatwemeanwhenwesaythattheweatherisvery“changeable”.Insomepartsoftheworldyoucanbequite4（确信）whattheweatherisgoingtobelike.Youcanmakeyourplansforthenextdayorevenforthenextweek,knowingexactlywhatsortofweathertoexpect.Itis5（困难得多）todothisinBritain.Itmaybefinetodayandyoumayarrange（安排）togotothecountrysidetomorrow.Butwhentomorrow6（至U来）youmayfindthatyouhavetogiveitupbecauseitistoowet.Makingplansforactivities（活动）outofdoorsinBritainisthereforeratherdifficult.People7（谈论）theweathermoreinBritainthaninmostpartsoftheworld.WhentwoEnglishmenareintroducedto8（互相），讦theycan'tthinkanythingelsetotalkabout,theytalkaboutweather.Theweatherisconsideredasafetopicofconversation（谈话）.Ifyoudonotknoweachother9（足够好）totalkaboutpersonalmatters,youcanatleastsoundfriendlybytalkingabouttheweather.Whenpeoplemeetinthestreetandtheyhave10（没有时间）tostopandtalk,theywilloftensaysomethingabouttheweatherastheypass,es7.talkabout8.eachother9.wellenough10.notime9Somepeoplesaytheyhaveananswertotheproblemsofcarcrowdingandpollution（污染）.Inmanycities,1（数百人）peopleridebikestowork2（每天）.InNewYorkCity,somebikeridershaveevenfoundedagroup（团体）:BikeforaBetterCity.Theysay讦morepeoplerodebikestowork,therewouldbefewercarsand3（较少的）dirtyair.4（许多年来）thisgrouphastriedtogethelpforbikeriders.Theywanttohavespecial（专用的）roadsforbikesonly,becausewhenbikeriders5（必须）usethesameroadsbesidecars,theremaybeaccidents.BikeforaBetterCityfeelsiftherewerebikeroads,morepeoplewouldusebikes.Butnobikeroadshavebeenreadyyet.Not6（每个人）thinksitis乙（好主意）.Driversdon'tlikeit,andsomeshopowners（店主）don't,8（也）.Andmostpeoplelivetoofarfromthecitytotravelbybike.Still,somethinghasbeendoneaboutit.OnSaturdaysandSundays,thelargestopenparkinNewYorkis9（关闭）tocars,andtheroadsmaybeusedbybikesonly,butthegroup10（仍然）saysthisisnotenoughandgoesonfightingtogetbikeroads.1.hundredsof2.everyday3.less4.Forseveralyears5.must6.everyone7.agoodidea8.either9.closed10.still10TryThisExperimentYourselfItseemstobestrangethatthereisablindspotintheeye.Hereisan（有趣的）experimentthatcanmakesomethingdisappear（消失）whenoneeyeis2（挣开）.MakeacardaboutthesizeofapostcardandwritetwoEnglish3（字母）“L”and“R”onit.“L”is4（在左边）and“R”ontheright.5（首先），holdthecardabout80cmawayandyoucansee6（两者）theletters.Thencloseyourrighteyeand7（看）theletter“R”onlywithyourlefteye.Andnow,asyoumovethecardslowlytowardsyou,you'llfindtheletter“L”disappearing.Butifyoumovethecard8（近一些）toyourface,theletterwillbeseenagain.Nowdothesameexperimentwithyourlefteyeclosed,you'llfindtheletter“R”disappearing.Whydothelettersdisappear?Itisbecausethereisablindspot9_（在眼里）.Whentheimage（影像）oftheletter10（落）ontheblindspot,itwon'tbeseen.That'eresting2.open3.letters4.ontheleft5.Fheeye10.falls11Itissummervacationandschoolsareclosed.Duringthesummersomechildrenstay1（在家），watchTV,andplaywithfriends.Sometakepartinasportsprogram,andsomegotoacamp.Acampisasummervacationplaceforchildren.Camperstakepartinsportsactivitieslikeswimmingand2（戈U船）.Theyalsotakepartinotheractivitieslikeplayinggamesandpaintingpictures.3（在晚上）theysitaroundacampfire,cookhotdogs,singsongsortellstories.Somecampscombinespecialprogramswiththeusualcampactivities.Therearecampstoteachtennis,football,orothersports.Therearealsocampstoteachscienceormusic.Nowthereare4（甚至）computercamps.Atacomputercampchildrenlearnhowtousecomputers.Computersareveryimportanttoday,sochildrenmustlearn5（怎样使用他们）.Manyschoolshavecomputersforthepupilstouse,but6（并非所有的学生）knowhowtousethem.Someschoolsdonothaveaprogramtoteachthepupilshowtousecomputers.7（因止匕）,computercampscombinecomputerlearningwithsummerfun.Computercampsusuallyhavethreecomputerclassesaday.Afterafewdaysofclasses,eachcamperdesignsacomputerprogram.8（有些）campersdesignprogramstohelpparentsathome.Othersdesignprogramsforpupils9（学校的）.Somecampersdesigncomputergames.Thecampersmustalsochoosetwocampactivitiesaday.Theycanchooseanactivitylikeswimming,boatingorpainting.10（在他们空闲时间里），thecamperscanchooseanyactivity.They