新目标人教版英语八年级下册unit10知识点归纳及练习

Unit10Ivehadthisbikeforthreeyears.Ivehadbitthreeyears.我拥有它三年了。【解析】for+~段时间 表示动作持续一段时间，用于现在完成时【2012甘肃鸡西市1]Sheherhometownformanyyears.Noonenearlyknowsher.A.hasbeenawayfrom B.hasleftC.hadleft【2012湖北十堰2]Benisaforeignteacher.Sofar,he__inShiyanforfiveyears.A.wasteachingB.hastaughtC.willteachD.TaughtAmywantstokeepheroldthingsbecausetheybringbacksweetmemories.艾米想保留她的那些旧东西，因为它们能使她想起甜蜜的回忆。【解析1】keep(kept;kept)保留keep用法归纳如下：一、用作系动词，意为“保持(某种状态)”，其后常接形容词作表语。Pleasekeepquiet/silent!请保持安静！二、用作实义动词，.保管；保存；保留PleasekeepthesethingsformewhileIamaway.⑵.赡养；饲养Iusedtokeepsheepinmychildhood.⑶坚持；继续接V-ing形式作宾语。IfyoukeeppracticingyourspokenEnglish,you'llsoonmakegreatprogress.⑷阻止；阻碍keepsb/sthfromdoingsth其中介词from不能省略。Theheavyraindidn'tkeepthemfromwatchingthefootballmatch.⑸保持。 其后常接复合宾语，表示使(某人或某物)保持某种状态或使某一动作继续。①keep+sb/sth+介词。 Ifyourhandsarecold,keeptheminyourpockets.②keep+sb/sth+形容词。 Thesegloveswillkeepyourhandswarm.③keep+sb/sth+V-ing，“让某人/某物一直 ”，强调动作的持续性。I'msorryI'vekeptyouwaiting.很抱歉，让你久等了。【短语】keepintouch(with)保持与...的联系keeparecord保持记录keepinmind牢记keepone'sword遵守诺言keepaway(from)离开keepout(of)把...关在外面keepone's/aneyeon6切注视 keepup保持；使 不能入睡【2013山东济南3】—CouldIyouriPad,Alice?—Ofcourse.Hereyouare.A.lend B.keep C.borrow D.return【2013贵州安顺2]“Didyouborrowthecomicbookfromthelibrary?”Yes.Iitforthreedays.Illreturnitthisafternoon.A.borrowedB.keptC.haveborrowedD.havekept【解析2】bringback(v+adv)使回想起；使回忆起( )Ourexcellentserviceourguestsyearafteryear.A.bring;downB.bring;backC.bring;inD.bring;upYoucanalsogiveoldthingsawaytopeopleinneed.你也能捐赠旧东西给那些需要的人们。【解析】inneed需要；需求【拓展】indanger在危险中 introuble在困境中insilence在沉默中 ingoodhealth在好的健康状态中Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情4.BecauseIdon'treaditanymore.因为我不用再读了。【解析】nomore/not…anymore/nolonger/not...anylonger不再词语同义词用法nolongernot…anylonger强调时间或动作“不再延续”，与延续性动词连用nomorenot…anymore强调数量和程度“不再增加”，与非延续性动词连用位置区别： 当修饰动词时，nolonger通常置于be或行为动词前；nomore——股置于行为动词后。not...anylonger与not...anymore常置于旬末。Hecannolongerwalk.=HecantwalkanylongerThelittlegirlnomorecried.=Thelittlegirldidn'tcryanymore.Eg:（ ）Itislate.Wecannotwaithim.A.anymoreB.nomoreC.MoreBecauseI'vehaditsinceIwasababy.因为自从我很小的时候我就有它了。【解析】since自从【辨析】since与for在现在完成时态中的用法：since其后接时间点或时态为一般过去时的句子，表示某事是从什么时候开始的Ivebeenasoldiersincetwoyearsagofor其后接时间段，表示某事持续了多长时间Ivebeenasoldierfortwoyears.【2011天津】MygrandmotheralotofchangesinTianjinsinceshecamehere.A.sees B.canseeC.willseeD.hasseen【2011贵州毕节】ImanynewfriendssinceIcamehereA.make B.made C.willmakeD.havemade【2013上海】—haveyoubeeninthesportsclub?—SincethefirstmonthIcametotheschool.A.HowoldB.HowlongC.HowmuchD.HowsoonIhavesomethingforthekids,我有一些孩子们的东西。【解析】for给；为了介词for用法归纳用法1:（表目的）为了Theywentoutforawalk.他们出去散步了。用法2：（表利益）为，为了WhatcanIdoforyou?你想要我什么？【2013上海4]Thechemicalsinthevegetablesandfruitarebadourhealth.A.fromB.with C.of D.for【2013牡丹江2]—WhatdidyougetyourmotherMother'sDay?—Abeautifulcardandascarf.

A.for;in B.for;onC.to;for【2013江苏盐城4】Itisreportedthatalotofadultstakelessonsonlinefurthereducation.A.after B.to C.with D.ForI'vehadthismagazineforacoupleofmonths.我拥有这本杂志已经几个月了。【解析】acoupleof几个；一些二afew后接可数名词复数acoupleof〜对"，优指夫妻、情侣I1lbebackindays.（L天）Thestoriesinsidemaybeabitold,butthey'llstillinteresting.里面的故事或许有点老，但它们仍然很有趣。［解析］abit稍微；有点儿abit/alittle辨析：⑴abit和alittle在肯定句中，修饰动词、形容词、副词和比较级，"一点儿”。Thespeakerspokeupabit/alittlesoastomakehimselfheardmoreclearly.演讲者把嗓门提高了一点儿，以便使别人听得更清楚。⑵alittle可以直接作定语修饰名词，abit修饰名词，需后面加of构成短语，两者都只能修饰不可数名词Thereisalittle/abitoffoodleftforlunch.午饭只能吃剩下的一点食品了。Andcheckoutthesesofttoysandboardgamesforyoungerkids.【解析】checkout查看；观察checkv检查【2013浙江宁波】 Please 脸查)yourtestpaperbeforeyouhanditin.【2013安徽3】IwillmeetJaneatthestation,Pleasewhattimeshewillarrive.A.countB.chooseC.check D.catch【2013天津】——Juliesaidshesentyouabirthdaycardyesterday.Haveyougotit?—Oh,really!Ihaven'tmymailboxyet.A.examinedB.reviewedC.testedD.CheckedMychildrenaregrowingupfast.我的孩子们成长的很快。【解析】growup成长(常用于指人或动物)( )WhenIgrowup,Iwanttobeateacher.A.giveupB.putupC.getolderD.getyoungerSowUvebeenclearingoutalotofthingsfromourbedroomforayardsale.所以，我们正从卧室里清理出许多东西来办一场庭院拍卖会。【询星析】clearout:青王里：犯， 二青空cleanup清理；使整洁Pleaseclearoutthecupboard.We'vedecidedtoeachsellfivethingswenolongeruse.我们已经决定每人卖smindiod做si#【自津析1】decidev决定smindiod做si#(1)decidetodosth=makeupone(2)makeadecision做决定Mymotherhasdecided(take)metoactinglessons.【四川南充】Theclassroomwassodirty.Idecided.A.cleanitupB.tocleanitupC.cleanupit【2013河北中考2】ThechildrendecidetheirschoolyardthisFridayafternoon.A.clean B.tocleanC.cleaningD.cleaned【解析2】nolonger=not…any10ng不再【在句中位置】nolonger位于助动词、情态动词或实意动词之后；not...anylongernot常与助动词或情态动词连用, anylonger位于旬末。Inolongerliveinthiscity.=Idon'tliveinthiscityanylonger.Forexample,he'sownedatrainandrailwaysetsincehisfourthbirthday,andheplayedwithitalmosteveryweekuntilhewasaboutseven.例如，从他四岁生日以来，就已经拥有了这列火车和铁轨的组合，大约七岁之前他几乎每周都要玩这个玩具。【解析】own拥有ownv拥有一ownern物主onone'sow单独地，独自地ofone'sown人自己的theownerof的所有者①Whoisthe(own)ofthebike?②Iwanttoseeitwith(I)owneyes.Andhedidn'twanttolosethetoymonkeyhgshadsincethen,并且他也不想失去自从他出生就拥有的那个玩具猴。【解析】lose(lost,lost)失去Ihopewewon'tlosethecompetition.Mydaughterwasmoreunderstanding,althoughshefeltsadtopartwithcertaintoys.我女儿比较通情达理，尽管要失去某些玩具也让她感到难过。【解析1】partwith与……分开：失去(尤指舍不得的东西)Theyweresorrytopartwiththeoldhouse.)Shefeltsadtopartwithherlovelydog.A.findB.lostC.loseD.found【角星析2】certain⑴某种；某事；某人(在句中只能做定语，常与不定代词a连用，可修饰单、复数名词)Acertainpersoncalledonmeyesterday.⑵adj.确实的，无疑的becertainof对某事有才巴握 Theyarecertainofsuccess.becertaintodosth肯定做某事 Heiscertaintocome.becertain+that确信 I'mcertainthatheHlcome.( )Heiscertaintoninety.A.liveB.ofliveC.toliveD.toliving.Asforme,Ididntwanttogiveupmyfootballshirts,but,tobehonest,Ihaven'tplayedforawhilenow.对于我来说，我不想放弃我的足球衫，但说实话，现在我有段时间没踢足球了。【解析1】asfor至于；关于 (后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语)Asforcomputer,Tmnottellingyouanything.【解析2】tobehonest=totell(you)thetruth老实说；说实话【拓展】honestadj.诚实的(反)dishonestadj.不诚实的anhonestboy一个诚实的男孩【注】honest以元音音素开头，所以前面的定冠词要用 an.Heisa(honest)boy.Wealldonlikehim.tSheisan(honest)girl.Wealllikeher.Tomlikestotelllies,heis(honest)( )Weshouldbehonesttoeveryone.Weshouldntelllies.A.dishonestB.trueC.truth D.truthful【解析3】forawhile一会儿Shelikestoliedownforawhileafterlunch.Whatwilltheydowiththemoneytheyraisefromthesale?他们要用山东西筹集来的钱做什么?【解析】dowith处理；对付(某人或某物)dealwith处理与how连用dowith处理与what连用dowith处理；安置”，强调处理的对象，常与what连用Idon'tknowwhattodowiththeseletters.dealwith处理；应付”，强调处理的方式、方法，常与how连用Hetaughtmehowtodealwithpressure.【2011玉溪】Wecan'tdecidewhatwillhappeninourlife,butwecandecidehowwewillit.A.agreewithB.beginwithC.dealwithD.comeupwith( )—doyouyourbrokenwatch?-Iamgoingtotakeittothewatchmaker 's.A.How;dowithB.What;dealwithC.How;dealwith D.What;didwith重点短语thesedays目前;现在regardwithgreatinterest以极大的兴趣关注着inorderto为了sofar迄今;到现在为止inneed需要not..anymore不再 welcometosp_欢迎来到…：checkout察看;观察boardgames棋类游戏onelastthing最后一样东西juniorhighschool初级中学clearout清理nolonger不再;不复toymonkey玩具猴partwith与 分开tobehonest说实在的rideabike骑自行车haveayardsale进行庭院拍卖会one'soldthing某人的旧东西bringbacksweetmemories勾起甜美的回忆giveaway捐赠playforawhile玩一会儿dowith...处置;处理searchforwork找工作forthelast13years在过去的13年里themid-20thcentury20世2己中期staythesame保持原状accordingto依据；按照inone'sopinion 想法看inmytime在我那个年代Excises一、翻译下列短语.庭院出售2. 棋类游戏.观察 4^ 不再.说实在的6. 使想起.失去J 清理.根据10. 甜美的记忆.至少一年一次12家乡情.寻找14在学校对面15.放弃 16. …的标志17.骑自行车18. 儿童之家二、词汇。A）根据所给中文完成下列句子。.Weallr himasanhonestfriend..Thebuildingissomec（世2己）01d..Tomy ,Ineverhelphim..Look!She'sstandingathetenchildren..Babyhasas skin..Theywillhameetingtodiscussthisproblemtomorrow..Canyouc(数数)numbers?.YesterdayIboughtas(围巾)formymother..Tomisat( 诚实的)boy.B)用所给单词的适当形式填空。.Henever(go)tothesciencemuseum..youever(drink)coke?.Therearemanytoy(bear)inmyhome..Hisbrothernevergaveup(try)tohelp..Ican't(raise)afamilyonwhatI.earn.Mymom'shadabread(make)foralongtime..LasttermI(learn)manyEnglishwords..They(notread)theinterestingbooksyet..Themuseum(be)hereforover20years..It(be)oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthissmalltown.三、单项选择。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，将答案填入题前的括号内。LiHonghasthearmyfor2years.A.joinedB.beinC.beeninD.joinedinWehavebeenfriendssince.A.childrenB.fiveyearsC.fiveyearsagoD.fiveyearsbeforeMybestfriendNeilishonestboy.Youcanbelievehim.A.a Ban Cthe D/ThoseforeignfriendsleftGuangzhou.A.sincelastweekB.aweekagoC.foraweekD.sinceaweekagoIatthisschoolfortwoyears.A.amstudyingB.studyC.studiedD.havestudiedTheyinthecitysincelastsummer.A.liveB.didn'tliveC.havelivedD.liveMrs.WanghaslivedinHaikou1992.A.sinceB.fromC.afterD.inHisfatherforyears.A.hasdiedB.hasbeendeadC.diedD.diesHehasacomputerofhisown.HeittwodaysagoA.hashadB.buysC.boughtD.hasbought—WhereisLiLei? —HeShanghai.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.wenttoD.goestoThelibrarianbooksstudentsA.borrows;fromB.lends;toC.returns;toD.givesback;toIthisbookforaweek.Ihavetoreturnitnow.A.borrowedB.haveborrowedC.keptD.havekeptHeacoldforthreedays.A.hascaughtB.hashadC.hasgotD.caughtMr.Johnconsideredtoseehisoldfriends.A.goB.wentC.goingD.gonemyopinion,itsbesttomakesomecardsforourteachers.InB.OnC.OfD.At四、完形填空。从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案，将答案填入题前的括号内。TherearemanywordsintheEnglishlanguage.Youwillnever1themeaningofeverywordinEnglish.Whenyouread,youwilloftenfindmany_2youdonotknow.Youwillnothaveenoughtimeto3readingandtrytofindeverynewwordinadictionary.Sometimesyoucan4anewwordbecauseyouknowsomeofthepartsofthenewword.Forexample,ifawordends5theletters,that'word6bethenameofa7orathingthatdoesacertainaction某个动作）.Awriterisapersonwhowrites.8itisnot9toknowthepartsofanewwordtounderstandit, 10itwillhelpyoumanytimes.1.A.knowB.learnC.findD.lookup2.A.booksB.lettersC.storiesD.words3.A.stopB.enjoyC.keepD.start4.A.findB.getC.studyD.guess5.A.inB.offC.upD.with6.A.canB.mightC.shouldD.must7.A.friendB.boyC.personD.girl8.A.ThenB.NowC.YetD.Sometimes9.A.helpfulB.usefulC.enoughD.good10.A.butB.andC.soD.for五、阅读理解阅读下列材料，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案，填入题前的括号中。Candreamscometrue?JohnGodleybetmoneythathisdreamscouldcometrue.Overthecourseofhislife,Mr.Godleydreamedofhorseracesseveraltimes.Hedidnotknowmuchabouthorsesorwinningraces.Herememberedthesedreamsafterhewokeup,andheputwhatheknewtogooduse.ThefirsttimeMr.GodleydreamedofhorseswasonthenightofFriday,March8,1946.HedreamedthathewasreadingthenamesofthehorsesthatwonSaturdayraces.Thenextmorninghefoundthenamesofthehorsesfromhisdreaminthenewspaper.Thehorseswereracingthatday.Hebetonthehorsesandwon.ThesehorseracingdreamscametoMr.Godleyoffandonforthenext12yearsofhislife.Between1946and1958,Mr.Godleyhadeightdreamsabouthorseswinningraces.Healwaysbetonhisdreams,andhealwayswon.Mr.Godleyneverknewwhythedreamsstartedorwhytheystopped.Washeluckyordidhehaveaspecialgift?Theworldmayneverknow.( )51.HowoftendidJohnGodleydreamofhorseracesinhislife?A.Everynight. B.Everyyear.C.Severaltimes. D.Everyweek.( )52.Whatdidheseeinhisfirstdreamofhorses?A.Hesawthenewspaper.HesawthenamesofhorsesthawonSaturday'sraces.Hesawhimselfwinningtheraces.Hesawnothing.( )53.Whichofthefollowingisclosetotheunderlinedsentence?Thesedreamslastedfor12yearsandhappenedeveryyear.Thesedreamsstoppedsometimesandcontinuedagaininthese12years.Thesedreamshappenedveryofteninthe12years.Thesedreamsstoppedinthe12yearsandthenbeganagain.( )54.Whatcausedhisdreamstostop?A.Hewastooold. B.Helostoneimportantrace.C.Hedidn'tknowwhy.D.TheGodtookawayhisgift.( )55.What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A.BetMoney B.RacingHorsesC.WinningDreams D.ASpecialMan六、完成句子。.里边的故事可能有点老，但它们仍然很有趣。Thestoriesinsideold,butthey'restillinteresting..那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间？我买了三年了。haveyouhadthatbikeoverthere?I'vehaditforthreeyears..他不再住在这了。Hedidn'tlivehereanylonger.=Helivedhere..它在这附近至少二十年了It，sbeenaroundfor..你的儿子拥有那套轨道火车多长时间了？自他4岁生日起，他就拥有了他。HowlonghissonthetrainandrailwaysetHe，sownedit.七.用所给词适当形式填空forget,bring,mend,beside,luck,pick,same,differently,I,every,stop,eachMr.Brownhadanumbrellashopinasmalltown.Peoplesometimeshimbrokenumbrellas,andthenhetookthemtoabigshopinLondon.Theywere there.OnedayMr.BrownwenttoLondo