高级英语3单元PPT

EXERCISESThepositionofKennedyinAmericanhistory:(mainachievements)1.Economy:Kennedyloosenedmonetarypolicytokeepinterestratesdownandencouragedgrowthoftheeconomy.2.Legislation:reductionofincometax;theexpansionofhumanrightsCivilRightsActof1964(民权法案)3.Technology:In1961,hecommittedtheUStolandamanonthemoonbytheendofthedecade.4.Foreignaffairs:HesuccessfullyovercometheCubanMissileCrisis……TheColdWarThecoldwar,oftendatedfrom1945-1991,wasasustainedstateofpoliticalandmilitarytensionbetweenthepowersofthewesternworld,ledbytheUnitedStatesanditsNATOallies,andthecommunistworld,ledbytheSovietUnion,itssatellitestates(卫星国)andallies.NATO:abbr.NorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization

(北大西洋公约组织)ThisbeganafterthesuccessoftheirtemporarywartimeallianceagainstNaziGermany,leavingtheUSSRandtheUSastwosuperpowerswithprofoundeconomicandpoliticaldifferences.TheColdWarwassonamedasitneverfeatureddirectmilitaryaction,sincebothsidespossessednuclearweapons,andbecausetheirusewouldprobablyguaranteetheirmutualassureddestruction.USSR:abbr.UnionofSovietsocialistRepublics(苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟)QUESTIONSONTHECONTENTBecausemanholdsinhismortalhandsthepowertoabolishallformsofhumanpovertyandallformsofhumanlife.(Para.2)2.Thebeliefthattherightsofmancomenotfrom

thegenerosityofthestatebutformthehandof

God.(Para.2)3.Britain,Canada,Australia,NewZealand……4.Friends:thosenewstateswhomAmericans

welcometotheranksofthefree;those

peoplesinthehutsandvillagesofhalf

theglobalstrugglingtobreakthebonds

ofmassmisery;therepublicssouthof

theborderoftheUSEnemy:thosenationswhowouldmake

themselvesadversaryoftheUS5.ThepoorpeopleindevelopingcountriesinAfrica

andAsia.Kennedywantstohelpthemnotbecause

theCommunistsmaywanttohelpthem,not

becauseheseekstheirvotes,butbecauseit’sright.

Hethinksifafreesocietycannothelpthemany

whoarepoor,itcannotsavethefewwhoare

rich.(Para.8)6.Kennedypledgestotakeconcretestepstoassist

thosegovernmentsandpeopleincastingoffthe

chainsofpoverty.(Para.9)7.Kennedyproposesnegotiatingwiththesocialistcamponthefollowingproblems:erationinthefieldsscience,technology……c.anewworldsystem.(Para.16-19)8.Hecallsonhisfellowcitizenstomakenewsacrifices,todowhathiscountrycallsonhimtodo,towagewaragainsttyranny,poverty,disease,andwar.The“longtwilightstruggle”isnotahotwarbutafightagainsttranny,povertyandsoon.PARAPHRASEOurancestorsclaimedallmenwerecreatedequalandGodhadendowedthemwithcertainrightswhichnostatecouldtakeawayfromthem.However,todaytheissuehasnotbeensettledaroundtheworld.2.Thismuchwepromisetodoandwepromiseto

domore.3.Unitedandworkingtogether,wecanovercomeallkindsofproblems,andbesuccessful.4.TheUNisourlastandbesthopeofsurvivalinanagetheinstrumentsofwarhavefarsurpassedtheinstrumentsofpeace.5.WepledgedtohelptheUNenlargetheareainwhichitsauthoritywouldcontinuetobeinforce.6.Thebothsidesneedtoreclaimthepursueofthepeacebeforetheterribleforcesofdestructionoverwhelmmankind.7.However,bothsidesaretryingtochangethisuncertainbalanceofterriblemilitarypowerthatrestrainseachgroupfromlaunchingthefinalwar.8.Letusbearinmindthatbeingpoliteisnotasignofweakness.9.Letustrytocallforththewonderfulthingsthatsciencecandoformankindinsteadoftheharmfulthings.10.EverygenerationofAmericanshavebeencalledontoprovetheirloyaltytotheircountry.11.Letusleadthelandwelove,knowingoursurerewardwillbeaconscienceandhistorywillfinallyjudgewhetherwehavedoneourtaskwellornot.THEWORDSANDEXPRESSIONSPrescribe:tomakearuleortellsbtotakeaparticularmedicine.

规定，开药方Mortal:mustdieandcannotliveforever.必死无疑的，终有一死的Discipline:totraintobeobedient,self-controlled.训练，遵守纪律，自制力Undo:abolish,getridof.消除，破坏Atodds:indisagreement;quarreling.争吵，争执Iron:cruel;merciless.残酷的，刚强的7.Bonds:chains,fetters.束缚，枷锁8.Invective:strongcriticism;insults;curses.谩骂的，恶言相向的9.Run:tocontinueineffectorforce.运转，管理，起作用10.Stay:tostop;torestrain.阻止，制止11.tap:toexplore.探索12.Beararms:tojointhearmy.扛起（意译为参军）

beartheburden:totakeontheburden.承担DiscriminationbetweenthesesynonymsMortal,fatal,deadly,lethalMortal:

必死的，不能幸存

eg.

Mortalwound指无法医治必致死的伤Fatal：causeorresultindeath

导致死亡的，带有说话人情感，含有不幸之意Deadly：likelytocauseorabletoproducedeath，stress

the“possibility”andtheresultisuncertain.

强调“可能性”Lethal：abletocausedeathorharm致命的，可致死的

破坏性大的

强调某物的性质

eg.Alethalweapon致命的武器Faithful,loyal,constant,staunch,resoluteFaithful:remainingloyaltobelief,politicalparty…（对政党，信仰，原则等）忠实的，忠诚的Eg.Heisfaithfultohisprinciples.Loyal:alwayssupportingyourfriends,country,family…（对朋友，国家，家庭）忠贞的，忠实的Eg.Heisloyaltohisfamily.Constant:loyalandfaithful忠实的，忠诚的

（用于文学作品中）Eg.Maryisoneofmyconstantfriends.Staunch:givingstrongloyaltoorganization,belief…坚定的，忠实可靠的Eg.Theyarestaunchtradeunionists.

（工会主义者）Resolute:doingsomethinginaverydetermined

waybecauseyouhaveverystrongbeliefs.坚定的，坚决的translation1.我们今天庆祝的不是一个政党的胜利，而是一个自由的盛会。它代表着一个时代的结束和另一个时代的开端，它代表着重生和改变。2.此时此刻我向敌人和朋友宣布：火炬已经传递给了新一代的美国人，他们出生于本世纪，经受过战争的洗礼，受过冷峻和苦涩的和平的考验，以我们的古代遗产为傲，不愿见到我允许这些人权被逐渐取消。这个国家一直致力于维护这些人权，如今我们在国内和全世界也在维护这些人权。3.让是节省每一个希望我们成功和窘迫的国家知道：我们将不惜任何代价，承担任何责任，应对任何艰难，支持一切朋友，反对一切敌人，以确保自由的幸存和成功4.只要我们团结起来，我们将在大量的合作型事业中战无不胜。5.如果分裂开来，我们将一事无成，因为我们不能在争执中去应对巨大的挑战，我们的关系会崩裂。6.如果自由的社会不能帮助多数的穷人，他就不能拯救少数的富人。7.我们不能以软弱来诱惑他们。因为只有当我们的军备力量无疑是非常充足的时候，我们才能确保不会使用武力。8.我的同胞们，我们事业成败的关键与其说掌握在我的手中，不如说掌握在你们手中。9.现在的号角再次向我们吹响------不是号召我们扛起武器，虽然我们需要武器；不是号召我们去参加战斗，虽然我们严阵以待；而是号召我们为迎接黎明而肩负起漫长斗争的责任，年复一年；“从希望中得到快乐，在苦难中保持坚韧”，去反对人类共同的敌人：专制，贫困，疾病和战争本身。10.良心是我们唯一可靠的报酬，历史是我们行为的最终裁判，让我们出发去领导我们所热爱的国家，祈求上帝的祝福和帮助，但是要明白上帝在人间的工作毕竟就是我们自己的工作。Howtomakeagoodspeech:1.Aclearparagraphstructure2.Figuresofspeeches:Metaphor,Simile,Exaggeration……3.Quotation:”undotheheavyburdens……(and)lettheoppressedgo