2023年年同等学力英语真题

1997年同等学历人员申请硕士学位英语水平全国统一考试试题Paperone试卷一PartIListeningComprehension略PartIIVocabulary(10minutes,10points)SectionADirections:Ineachitem,chooseonewordthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentenceifiiissubstitutedfortheunderlinedword.MarkoutyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.16.Therecentfindingsarealsoapplicabletootherareasofdesignengineering.A.practical B.relevant C.convenient D.comparable17.Thecentury-oldhostilitiesbetweenthetwotribeseventuallyterminatedthroughthepersistenteffortsofthelocalgovernment. A.diminished B.shrunk C.vanished D.worsened18.Theleadersofthetwocountriesareplanningtheirsummitmeetingwithapledgetomaintainanddevelopgoodties.A.strategy B.standpoint C.priority D.promise19.Computerswillflourishbecausetheyenableustoaccomplishtasksthatcouldneverbeforehavebeenundertaken.A.implement B.render C.assign D.complete20.Herman'ssuccessisduetohishardworkandhisabilitytoformulateplanswhichwillgetworkdoneefficiently.A.fulfill B.approve C.conceive. D.conduct21.ThefarmministersscheduledanemergencymeetinginLuxembourginhopesofeasingtheworldwide"madcow"panic.A.crisis B.alarm C.hazard D.peril22.Theyoungmanaskedhisparentsnottoworrybecausehewasfullofoptimismabouthiscareer.A.confidence B.motivation C.imagination D.resolution23.One'sawareness,bothconsciousandunconscious,ofwhathappenedinthepasthasastronginfluenceonone'sbehavior.A.storage B.impression C.memory D.perception24.Onhearingofthecasesometimelater,ConanDoylewasconvincedthatthemanwasnotguilty,andimmediatelywenttoworktoascertainthetruth.A.explore B.obtain C.verify D.search25.AilthestaffmembersofthedepartmentmadezealouseffortstocleanupthehallfortheChristmasparty.A.enthusiastic B.concerted C.gigantic D.dedicatedSectionBDirections:ineachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.MarkoutyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.26.I________alettertoaninternetservicethatdistributesjournalists'questionstomorethan750institutions.A.assigned B.detached C.attached D.dispatched27.Allexpertsagreethatthemostimportantconsiderationwithdietdrugsiscarefully________therisksandbenefits.A.weighing B.valuing C.evaluating D.distinguishing28Moreinternationaltrendforbusinessandpleasurebringsgreater_______toothersocieties.A.exchange B.exposure C.expansion D.contribution29.Shortageoflandandfundingareblamedforthecity's_______greenspace.A.inefficient B.inaccurate C.inadequate D.indispensable30.IfEnglishisnotourfirstlanguageyoucanoftenbepuzzledbywaysofexpressionthatthenativespeakerofEnglishdoesnotevenhaveto_______.A.thinkout B.thinkabout C.thinkover D.thinkfor31.Retailsalesvolumeinlocalurbanandruralareasrose57,8percentand46.8percent,_______,overFebruary1995.A.individually B.accordingly C.correspondingly D.respectively32.Thisbookisa_______ofradioscripts,inwhichweseektoexplainhowthewordsandexpressionsbecomepartofourlanguage.A.collection B.publication C.volume D.stack33.Aman'sisbestwhenhecanforgethimselfandanyreputationhemayhaverequiredandcanconcentratewhollyonmakingtherightdecisions.A.anticipation B.acknowledgment C.expectation D.judgment34.Doesbrainpower_______aswegetolder?Scientistsnowhavesomesurprisinganswers.A.decline B.descend C.deduce D.collapse35.Thelargestsystemservinge-mailmessengersistheinterneta_______ofmillionsofcomputerslinkedworldwide.A.unity B.combination C.network D.connectionPartIIIReadingComprehension(50minutes,30points)Directions:Thereare6passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,andD.youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithsinglelinethroughthecenter.Questions36to40arebasedonthefollowingpassage.IntheUSA85%ofthepopulationovertheageof21approveofthedeathpenalty,inthemanystateswhichcantakeupto20minutestokill,whileothersusegasorlethalinjection.ThefirstofthesewasthecaseofRuthElliswhowashangedforshootingherloverinwhatwasgenerallyregardedasacrimeofpassion.Thesecondwashangedformurderswhichitwaslaterproved,hadbeencommittedbysomeoneelse.Thepro-hanginglobby(赞成极刑旳活动集团)usesfourmainargumentstosupportitscallforthereintroductionofcapitalpunishment.Firstthereisthedeterrencetheory,whicharguesthatpotentialmurdererswouldthinktwicebeforecommittingtheactiftheyknewthattheymightdieiftheywerecaught.Thearmedbankrobbermight,likewisegobacktobeingunarmed.Theothertwoargumentsaremoresuspect.Theideaofretributiondemandsthatcriminalsshouldgetwhattheydeserve:ifamurdererintentionally.setouttocommitacrime,heshouldaccepttheconsequences.Retribution,whichisjustanotherwordforrevenge,issupportedbythereligiousdoctrineofaneyeforaneyeandatoothfortooth.Theargumentsagainstthedeathpenaltyarelargelyhumanitarian(人道主义旳).Buttherearealsostatisticalreasonsforopposingit:thedeterrenceFiguresdonotaddup.InBritain,1903wastherecordyearforexecutionsandyetinl904thenumberofmurdersactuallyrose.Therewasasimilaroccurrencein1946and1947.Ifthedeterrencetheorywerecorrect,therateshouldhavefallen.Theotherreasonstoopposethedeathpenaltyarelargelyamatterofindividualconscienceandbelief.Oneisthatmurderismurderandthatthestatehasnomorerighttotakealifethantheindividual.TheotheristhatChristianityadvisesforgiveness,notrevenge.36.Thepassageismainlyabout_______.AtheargumentinfavorofthedeathpenaltyBtheargumentagainstthedeathpenaltyCtheargumentaboutthereintroductionofthedeathpenaltyDtheargumentabouttheabolitionofthedeathpenalty37.AllofthefollowingdeathpenaltymethodsarementionedinthepassageEXCEPT_______.AtheelectricchairBthelethalinjectionCthepoisonousgasDtheshooting38.Accordingtothefirstfourparagraphs,whichofthefollowingstatementsifNOTcorrect?AThedeathpenaltymayhelpthepotentialmurdererstoarousemoralawareness.BRuthElliswasshotbyhislover,whichwasregardedasacrimeofpassion.CTheintentionalmurderershouldeathisownbitterfruit.DAccordingtothereligiousdoctrine,punishmentshouldbeassevereastheinjurysuffered.39.Inparagraph3,"deterrence"means_______.AproclamationBprotestCprotectionDprevention40.Wecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthat_______.AneitherthestatenortheindividualhastherighttotakealifeBthestatehastherighttotakealifebuttheindividualdoesnotCthedeathpenaltyhasnotingtodowithindividualconsequenceandbeliefDthedeterrencefigureshaveaddedupandtheexecutionratehasfallen.Questions41to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Doyouforgettoturnoffthelightsandheaterswhenyougooutofaroom?In2040itwillnotmatter.Theywillturnthemselvesoffandonagainwhenyoureturn.Youwillchoosethetemperaturesforeachroom,thelightingandthehumidity.Asensorwilldetectthepresenceofahuman(and,withluck,ignorethedog!)andturnthesystemsonandwhenthehumansleaveitwillturnthemoffagain.Thesensorswillworkthroughthecentralhomecomputer,andtheywilldomuchmorethanjustturnthefiresandlightsonandoffforyou.Theywilldetectfaultyelectricalappliances,plugsorswitches,isolatethemsothattheycannotharmanyone,andthenwarnyoutheyneedrepair.Theywilldetectfireandifyouareoutofthehousethecomputerwillcallthefirebrigade.Itwillalsocallthepoliceshouldthesensorsdetectanintruder.Thiswillnotbetoodifficultbecausethelocksontheoutsidedoorswillbeelectronic.Youwillopenthemusingyourpersonalcard-theoneyouuseforshopping-maybeusinganumberknownonlytoyou.Iiwillbeimpossibletolosethekeyand.ahousebreakerwillhavetotamper(拨弄)withthelockorwithawindow.Itisnotverydifficulttomakesuchtamperingsendasignaltothecomputer.Thecomputerwillbemorethanafireman-policeman-servant.Itwillbeanentertainer,andmostofyourentertainmentwillcomerightintoyourhome.Itdoesnow,ofcourse,butby2040"entertainment"willmeanmuchmore.Foronething,youwillbeabletotakepartactivelyratherthanjustwatching...41.Theauthorintendstotellusthat_______.Ain2040wewilllivewithoutthelightsandheatersBin2040wewillusemuchmorelightsandheatersCin2040therewillbenoswitchesoflightsandheatersDin2040lightsandheaterswillbeonandoffautomatically42.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?AThesensorismulti-functional.BWhichofacomputer,thesensorcannotdomuch.CThesensorwilldetectfireandmakeanemergencycall.DYoucanbetakenforanintruderityoutamperWiththelockorwithawindow.43.Accordingtotheauthor,in2040,newtechnology_______.AwillfreeusfromthekeysweusetodayBwillturneverythingintosensorsCwillmakethelocksoutofdateDwilleliminateallcrimes44.Thankstocomputers,in2040people_______.AwillhavenoentertainmentoutsideBwillreplaceTVwithcomputersCwillbecontrolledbycomputersDwillhavemorefunathome45.Thebesttitleforthepassagemightbe_______.ASensorsandComputersBLifeatHomeintheYear2040CTheDevelopmentofScienceandTechnologyDLightsandHeatersintheYear2040Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingPassage.WiththeSwitzerland-basedWorldWildlifeFund(WWF),Chinaismakingaconcertedanddedicatedefforttosavetheendangeredpandas.Theresults,officialshereinChengduindicate,aremixedburencouraging.Acleardisappointmentisthefailuretobreedpandasincaptivity,necessaryiftheirdecreasingnumbersaretobereplaced.Anotherfailurehasbeentheincapabilitytofindanatural,readilyavailablefoodtoreplacethearrowbamboo.Despitethesefailures,successhascomeontwofronts.Oneachievementhasbeenthephysicalrescueeffort.Somepandashavebeenkeptaliveby,salting(空投)themountainswithionsofcookedmeat,whichpandaswelleatasasubstituteforbamboo,andbytheplantingofnewbambooinisolatedareas.AnimalsinsomeSichuanareashavebeenrescuedbylocalpeasantsandbyevenemergencytreatmentbyanimaldoctors.Asecondachievementisamassivefund-raisingeffort.Publicityaboutthepanda'splighthasresultedinanew$emergencyallocationbytheWWFandindependentfunddrivesbothinChinaandabroad.Inspiteofthissupport,therehavebeenconflictsinthepandareliefprogram.OneimportantproblemisthedifficultyPekingishavingbalancingtherecommendationsofenvironmentalistswithChina'sambitiousgoalofagriculturalandindustrialmodernization.Wolongisbutoneexampleofthisdifficulty.This494,000-aorepreservewasdeclaredaprotectedareain1975.Yet1800people,mostlyTibetans,stillliveinthepreserve,logging,trucksstillrolldownthenarrowmountainroads,andblastingworkstillgoesonatthesiteofanew-kilowatt-hydroelectricplantJustsixmilesaway.Themeansthatthepandas'fightforsurvivalwillnotbeaneasyone,withtheconcertedeffortofman.Forintheend,eveniftheycansurvivethedangersofthewild,theymuststillcontendwithmanhimself.46.Effortstosavetheendangeredpandas_______.AhavefailedcompletelyBhaveprovenhighlysuccessfulChavemetwithsetbacksbutbroughthopeDhavereceivenoresponsefromthescientists47.Whichofthefollowingthreatensthepandas'survivalintheWolongpreserve?A.Localpopulation.B.Economicdevelopment.C.Unfavorableenvironment.D.Alloftheabove.48.AllofthefollowinghelppreventthedeclineofthepandapopulationEXCEPT_______.AthereproductionofpandaoffspringduringcaptivityBthelarge-scalefund-raisingdrivesCtherescueoftheinjuredandthesickDthecultivationofnewbambooforests49.Ifcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_______.ASwitzerlandistheonlycountrythatcontributesinthepandareliefprogramBthesurvivalofpandasisaninternationalconcernCitistoolatetorescuetheendangeredpandas.Dthelovelypandaswillsoondieout50.Thetoneoftheauthor'sconclusionconcerningpandas'survivalis_______.AworriedBoptimisticCangryDimpersonalQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Revengeisoneofthosethingsthateveryoneenjoys.Peopledon'tliketotalkaboutit,though.Justthesame,thereisnothingmoresatisfyingormorerewardingthanrevenge.Thepurposeisnottoharmyourvictimsbuttoletthemknowthatyouareupsetaboutsomethingthattheyaredoingtoyou,Carefulplottingcanprovideyouwithreliefformbothersomecoworkers,gossipingfriendsornaggingfamilymemberCoworkerswhomakecommentsaboutthefactthatyouarealwaysfifteenminuteslateforworkcanbetakencareofverysimply.Allyouhavetodoisgetupextraoneday.Beforethesuncomesup,drivetoeachcoworker'shouse.Reachunderthehoodofyourcoworker'scaranddisconnectthecenterwirethatleadstothedistributorcap,thecarwillbeunharmed,butitwillnotstart,andyourfriendsatworkwillallbelateforworkonthesameday.Ifyou'relucky,yourbossmightnoticethatyouaretheonlyonethereandwillgiveyouaraise.Gossipingfriendsatschoolarealsoperfecttargetsforasimpleactofrevenge.Awaytotrapeithermaleorfemalefriendsistoleavephonymessagesontheirlockers.Ifthefriendthatyouwanttogetismale,leaveamessagethatacertaingirlwouldlikehimtostopbyherhouselaterthatday.Withanyluckherboyfriendwillbethere.Thegirlwon'tknowwhat'sgoingon,andthevictimwillbesoembarrassedthatheprobablywon'tleavehishomeforamonth.WhenMomandDadandyoursistersandbrothersreallybegintoannoyyou,harmlessrevengemaybejustthewaytomakethemquietdownforawhile.Thedinnertableisalikelyplace.Justbeforethemealbegins,throwahandfulofraisinsintothefood.Waitaboutfiveminutesand,aftereveryonehasbeguntoeat,coveryourmouthwithyourhandandbeginitmakeoddnoises.Whentheyaskyouwhatthematteris,pointtoaraisinandyell."Bugs!"They'lldumptheirfoodinthedisposal,jumpintothecar,andheadforMcDonald's.Thainightyou'llhaveyourfirstquiet,peacefulmealinalongtime.Awell-plannedrevengedoesnothaveithurtanyone.Theobjectissimplyitletotherpeopleknowthattheyarebeginningtobotheryou.51.Accordingtothepassageaharmlessrevengeis_______.AtoamusethevictimBtoreacttothosewhobotheryouCtopreventonefromdisturbingothersDtohurtnobodyemotionally52.Asaharmlessrevenge,youmightcomefirstandgetaraiseby_______.AmakingyourcolleaguescomelateBgettingupearlierthanyourcolleaguesCdestroyingyourcolleagues'carsDpleasingyourboss53.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothesecondexample?AThegirlreceivedaphonymessage.BThevictimwasinvitedbythegirl.CThegirlmanagedtorevengethevictimharmlessly.DThegirlwasn'texpectingthevictim.54.Thefamilymembersdumpedtheirfoodinthedisposalbecause_______.AtheythoughttheirfoodhadbeenspoiledBtheywantedtoeatoutCtheywantedtohaveapeacefulmealDtheydidn'tlikethefoodwithraisins55.Themaintopicofthepassageishowto_______.AavoidnaggingfamilymembersBsilencegossipingfriendsCmakeaharmlessrevengeDdealwithbothersomecoworkersQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Anthropologyisthestudyofhumanbeingsascreaturesofsociety.Itfastensitsattentionuponthosephysicalcharacteristicsandindustrialtechniques,thoseconventionsandvalues,whichdistinguishonecommunityfromallothersthatbelongtoadifferenttradition.Thedistinguishingmarkofanthropologyamongthesocialsciencesisthatitincludesforseriousstudyothersocietiesthanourown.ForitspurposesanysocialregulationofmatingandreproductionisassignificantasourownthoughitmaybethatoftheSeaDyaks,andhavenopossiblehistoricalrelationtothatofourcivilization.TotheanthropologistourcustomsandthoseofaNewGuineatribearetwopossiblesocialschemesfordealingwithacommonproblem,andinsofarasheremainsananthropologistheisboundtoavoidanyweightingofoneinfavoroftheother.Heisinterestedinhumanbehavior,notasitisshapedbyonetradition,ourown,butasithasbeenshapedbyanytraditionwhatsoever.Heisinterestedinawiderangeofcustomthatisfoundinvariouscultures,andhisobjectistounderstandthewayinwhichthesecultureschangeanddifferentiate,thedifferentformsthroughwhichtheyexpressthemselvesandthemannerinwhichthecustomsofanypeoplesfunctioninthelivesoftheindividuals.Nowcustomhasnotbeencommonlyregardedasasu6Jectofanygreatmoment.Theinnerworkingsofourownbrainswefeeltobeuniquelyworthyofinvestigation,butcustom,wehaveawayofthinking,isbehavioratitsmostcommonplace.Asamatteroffact,itistheotherwayround.Traditionalcustomisamassofdetailedbehaviormoreastonishingthanwhatanyonepersoncaneverevolveinindividualactions.Yetthatisarathertrivialaspectofthematter.Thefactoffirstrateimportanceisthepredominantrolethatcustomplaysinexperienceandbelief,andtheverygreatvarietiesitmaymanifest.61.Accordingtothepassage,wecansaythatanthropology_______.Acanrevealanenormousdiversityoftraditions.BcandealwithhumanbeingsasonegroupofthecreaturesinthelivingworldCcanprovideinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenhumanbeingsandnatureDcandistinguishthehumanracefromothercreatures62.Forseriousstudy,ananthropologist_______.AisobligedtoworkonlyonthosesocietieswhichhavenohistoricalrelationshiptoeachotherBmustnotstudyhisowncultureCisnotsupposedtohaveaprejudiceagainstanysocietyDshouldfocusonthosesocietieswhicharehistoricallyrelatedtoeachother63.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthormostprobablyagreewith.AThegoaloftheanthropologististounderstandthewayinwhichpeopleexpressthemselves.BTheanthropologisttriestounderstandwhyculturesarecarriedonwithoutanychange.CTheanthropologist'sprofessionalinterestisaswideasthevarietyofcustoms.DAlloftheabove.64.Inthethirdparagraph,theauthoristrying_______.AtobecriticalofcustomBtosaythatanthropologyismoreimportantthanpsychologyCtostrengthentherolecustomplaysinexperienceandbeliefDtodrawourattentiontotheimportanceofcustom65.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage.A.TheScienceofCustom.B.CreaturesofSociety.C.HumanBehavior.D.TheFunctionsofCultures.PartIVClozeTest(15minutes,10points)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheANSWRRSHEETwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Thehorseandcarriageisathingofthepast,butloveandmarriagearestillwithusandstillcloselyinterrelated.MostAmericanmarriages,particularlyfirstmarriages__66__youngcouples,aretheresultof__67__attractionandaffection__68__thanpracticalconsiderations.IntheUnitedStatesparentsdonotarrangemarriagesfortheirchildren.Teenagersbegin__69__inhighschoolandusuallyfindmatesthroughtheirownacademicandsocial__70__.Thoughyoungpeoplefeel__71__tochoosetheirfriendsfrom__72__groups,mostchooseamateofsimilarbackground.Thisis_73_inparttoparentalguidance.Parentscannotselectspousesfortheirchildren,buttheycanusually__74__choicesby__75__disapprovalofsomeonetheyconsiderunsuitable.__76__,marriagesbetweenmembersofdifferentgroups(interclass,interfaith,andinterracialmarriages)areincreasing,probablybecauseofthegreater__77__oftoday'syouthandthefactthattheyarerestrictedby__78__prejudicesthantheirparents.Manyyoungpeopleleavetheirhometownstoattendcollege,79__inthearmedforces,_80__pursueacareerinabiggercity.Onceawayfromhomeandfamily,theyaremore_81todateandmarryoutsidetheirownsocialgroup.InmobileAmericansociety,interclassmarriagesareneither82_norshocking.Interfaithmarriagesare_83_theriseparticularlybetweenProtestantsandCatholics.Ontheotherhand,interracialmarriageisstillveryuncommon.Itcanbedifficultforinterracialcouplestofindaplacetolive,maintainfriendships,and_84_afamily.Marriagesbetweenpeopleofdifferentnational_85_(butthesameraceandreligion)havebeencommonplaceheresincecolonialtimes.66. A. involving B. linking C. connecting D. correlating 67. A. personal B. emotional C. mutual D. magnetic 68. A. more B. less C. other D. rather 69. A. dating B. appointment C. engagement D. matching 70. A. position B. association C. contract D. contacts 71. A. certain B. embarrassed C. hesitated D. free 72. A. similar B. identical C. diverse D. differential 73. A. for B. likely C. due D. because 74. A. give B. influence C. make D. offer 75. A. sounding B. avoiding C. expecting D. voicing 76. A. However B. Moreover C. Therefore D. Furthermore 77. A. mobility B. motive C. moral D. mission 78. A. less B. rather C. many D. fewer 79. A. work B. serve C. stay D. remain 80. A. but B. otherwise C. or D. likewise 81. A. probable B. likely C. reluctant D. readily 82. A. scarce B. rare C. scared D. relieved 83. A. in B. at C. on D. for 84. A. raise B. obtain C. grow D. unite 85. A. source B. origin C. resource D. base PaperTwo试卷二Part1ErrorDetectionandCorrection(10minutes,10points)Directions:Eachofthefollowingsentenceshasfourunderlinedports.TheseportsarelabeledA,B,CandD.IdentifytheportofthesentencethatisincorrectandmarkoutpourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.Then,withoutalteringthemeaningofthesentence,writedownyourcorrectiononthelineontheANSWERSHEET.1.Hesaidthatthepassengermusthavehadanaccident;otherwisehewouldarr