土壤污染及防治英语课件

EnvironmentalpollutionandpreventionCrew：滕达、朱梦浩、沙科成、路飞EnvironmentalpollutionandpreventionSoilpollutionhazardsandthestatusquo3Theconceptofcharacteristicsofthesoilpollution1Soilpollutionreasons24OfsoilpollutionpreventionandcontrolmeasuresFirst,theconceptofthecharacteristicsofthesoilpollution

Whatissoilpollution？

Soilpollutionharmfultoxicsubstancesintothesoilbeyondtheself-purificationcapacityofthesoil,resultinginsoilphysical,chemicalandbiologicalpropertieschange,reducingcropyieldsandquality,thephenomenonofharmtohumanhealth.Fromtheperspectiveofenvironmentalsciencetodefinesoilpollutionisthewasteandtoxicandhazardoussubstancesintothesoiloverthesoilself-purificationcapacity,destructionofthestateofthenaturalbalanceofthesoilsystemcompletelysoilqualitydeteriorationorrecessionphenomenon.2majorpollutants1.Inorganiccontaminants(suchasheavymetals,acids,salts,etc.)2.Organicpesticides(suchasfertilizers,pesticides,herbicides,etc.)3.Organicwaste(suchasbiodegradableordegradableorganicwaste,etc.)4.Sludge,slagandflyash,radioactivesubstances,parasites,pathogens1soilpollutionhashiddenandlag2Accumulationofsoilpollution3soilpollutionirreversible4soilpollutionrefractoryrational

3.Characteristicsoflandcontamination1sewageforirrigation

Sewageandindustrialwastewater,containingnitrogen,phosphorus,potassiumandmanyplantsneednutrients,soreasonableuseofSewageIrrigation,generalstimulationeffect.Sewagecontainingheavymetals,phenols,cyanideandothertoxicandhazardoussubstancesdirectlyusedforfarmlandirrigation,willpollutethesoil.2airpollution

Atmosphericpollutioncanbedividedintotwocategories:gaspollution,suchassulfurdioxide,fluoride,ozone,nitrogenoxides,hydrocarbons,etc.;aerosolpollution,suchasdust,sootandothersolidparticlesandliquidsmoke,fogandotherparticles,theyarebysedimentationorprecipitationintothesoilandcausepollution.4heavyuseofpesticides

Cropsfromthesoiltoabsorbpesticidesaccumulatedinplantroots,stems,leaves,fruitsandseeds,andendangerhumanandlivestockhealththroughfood,feed5solidwasteIndustrialwasteandmunicipalwastesoilsolidcontaminants.Forexample,awiderangeofallkindsoftrashgeneratedmanagement,recyclingpoor,thelargeamountofwastewasleftonthelandcausedbylandpollution.6HeavymetalelementsHeavymetalpollutantsintothesoiltothepresenceofsolubleandinsolubleparticles,suchasfluorine,mercury,cadmium,Zn,Pb,Nisuchasarsenic,chromiuminthesoilthatcanbeabsorbedbyplantsandenriched.7RadioactivesubstancescontaminatedsoilSoilradiationcontaminationsourceofuraniumandthoriummining,uraniumenrichment,nuclearwastedisposal,nuclearweaponsexplosions,nuclearexperiments,coal-firedpowerplants,phosphateoreminingprocessing.Easilyadsorbedbythesoil,theresidencetimeislonger.Third.HazardsandthestatusquoofthelandHazard:1.Soilpollutionworsensalreadystrainedmoreshortageofarablelandresources2.Soilpollutiontremendousthreattopeople'shealth3.Soilpollutiontoadverseimpactonagriculturaldevelopmenthasbroughtgreat4.Soilpollutionisalsoanimportantreasontocauseenvironmentalpollution5.Pollutantsinsoilpollutionmigrationandretention,andmaycontinuetocauselandcontamination6.Soilpollutionseriouslyjeopardizetheinterestsoffuturegenerations,isnotconducivetothesustainabledevelopmentoftheruraleconomy

Currently,theuproarcancervillages.Chinacancervillagespacedistributionisveryuneven,inadditiontothefourprovincesofTibet,Qinghai,Gansu,Ningxiahasnotbeenfoundoutsidethevillageofcancer,aredistributedin27provincesacrossthecountry,thenumberofsignificantdifferencesbetweentheseprovincescancervillage.NumberofcancerVillageinHenanProvince,morethan39isthegreatest.Causes,removalofpartoftheformationoftheunexplainedcancervillages,theformationofthecancervillagesremaining90%areassociatedwithmodernindustrialpollution.Suchfactoriesandminesmainlyincludechemicalplants,printinganddyeing,papermills,pharmaceuticalplants,tanneries,alcoholplants,powerplants,limekilns,wherethechemicalplantcausedenvironmentalpollutionleadtothethecancervillagesphenomenonmostcommon.Landpollutionstatusofgeneralcharacteristics:1.Increasedpollutionlevels

Accordingtoincompletesurvey,thenationalcontaminatedfarmlandandabout1.5millionmu,3250muofarablelandirrigatedwithsewagepollution,solidwastedumpscoversanareaof​​200muandHuiTian,togetheraccountforaboutone-tenthofthetotalareaofcultivatedlandabove,mostofwhichisconcentratedinthemoreeconomicallydevelopedregions.2.Hugepollutionhazard.Itisestimatedthatthecountryeachyearduetoheavymetalcontaminationoffoodamountedto12milliontons,resultingindirecteconomiclossesofover20billionyuan.Soilpollutioncausedbyharmfulsubstancesaccumulatedinthecropentersthebodythroughthefoodchainandcausevariousdiseases,ultimatelyendangerhumanhealth.Soilpollutiondirectlyaffectsthestructureandfunctionofthesoilecosystem,willeventuallybecomeathreattoecologicalsecurity.Fourth,thepreventionofsoilpollution1.Soilpollutionpreventionandcontrol,includingtwoaspects:First,the"anti",istotakemeasurestopreventsoilpollution;

Thesecondisthe"rule"isalreadycontaminatedsoilimprovedgovernance.2.Soilpollutionpreventionmeasures

1scientificuseofSewageIrrigation2Rationaluseofpesticides,andactively3develophigh-efficiencylow-residuepesticides3Activelypromotebiologicalpest4toraisepublicawarenessofsoilconservation3.Soilpo