现在分词课件培训讲学

现在分词课件请说明划线部分的句子成分Ilostmyumbrella.Shedoesherhomeworkeveryday.Sheplaystheviolincarefully.Theboyisverynaughty.Wemadehimcry.Thisisafantasticbook.Ihavetwoforeignfriends,aCanadianandanAmerican.Don’tsteponthegrass.主语谓语宾语表语宾补定语同位语状语千万要注意V-ing形式的规则哟！不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。还有时态和语态的变化。

语态类别时态vt.主动语态被动语态ing一般式(与谓语动词同时发生)完成式(先与谓语动词之前发生)时态和语态doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone现在分词的否定式：

notdoing解题步骤：1.判断是否为非谓语动词

↓2.与逻辑主语的关系

↓3.与谓语动词的先后关系1、动名词作主语

(表一般性的，泛指的，抽象的,时间概念不强的动作)眼见为实，耳听为虚。Seeingisbelieving。说比做容易多了。Sayingiseasierthandoing.玩电脑游戏是没有好处的。Playingcomputergamesisnogood.==It’snogoodplayingcomputergames.一、V-ing作主语2，It做形式主语的句型，某些句型中用V-ing做逻辑主语。Itisnousedoing做…没用Itisnogooddoing做…没好处Itisuselessdoing做….没有用Thereisnopoint(in)doing做…没有意义不要做无意的后悔。Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.抽烟是没有好处的。Itisnogoodsmoking.说再多也是没有用的。Itisuselesstalkingtoomuch.跟他争辩是没有意义的。Thereisnopointinarguingwithhim.

1.他是一个攻击型的运动员。Heisan_________(attack)player.

2.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。Heaskedan__________(embarrass)question.

3.正在学走路的小孩常常跌跤。

Alittlechild_______(learn)towalkoftenfalls.==Alittlechildwhoislearningtowalkoftenfalls.注意：当-ing形式做后置定语时，可以相当于相应的定语从句。二、V-ing作定语如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语，常放在被修饰词前做前置定语；如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语，常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。attackingembarrassinglearning转换成定语从句：

Thepeoplesittingbehindusareteachers.

==

TheexpertcomingfromHongkongisaladycalledMsCai.==Thepeoplewhoaresittingbehindusareteachers.TheexpertwhocomesfromHongkongisaladycalledMsCai.1)说明被修饰词的性质，特征或用途。他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。Theysetupan_____________(operate)tableinasmalltemple.

他说不定在阅览室里。Hemaybeinthe____________(read)room，forallIknow.女士们先生们，请去会议室等待。Ladiesandgentlemen，pleasegoandwaitinthe_____________(meet)room.operatingreadingmeeting2)与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作.1.有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。Therewereabout200children_________(study)intheartschool.

2.正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁？Whoisthewoman_______(talk)toourEnglishteacher？talkingstudying3)有些-ing形式已经转化成形容词，常做定语用来修饰物，表示“令人……”。常用的此类词有：exciting，amusing，amazing，astonishing，shocking，puzzling，confusing，disappointing，discouraging，pleasing，striking，boring，tiring，touching，moving，interesting，satisfying，terrifying，frightening等。如：1.那准时一段可怕的经历。Thatmusthavebeena_____________(terrify)experience.2.那项试验是一个惊人的成功。Theexperimentwasan_______(amaze)success.

3.这本书缺了一页。Thereisapage________(miss)fromthisbook.terrifyingamazingmissing注意：除了-ing形式能做定语外，如果-ing形式表正在与被修饰词又是被动关系，就用它的被动式，即beingdone。如：1.正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校。

Thetallbuilding____________(build)nowisournewschool.

2.正在被讨论的问题是被校长提出的。Thequestion______________(discus)waspresentedbytheheadmaster.beingbuiltbeingdiscussed1.Theladysaidshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe__________(remain)20dollars.2.Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket__________(cover)thedesert.

3.Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents_______(study)Chineseintheschool，most________werefromGermany.

4.Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents_______(study)Chineseintheschool，andmost________(they)werefromGermany.5.Thequestion_____________(discuss)atpresenthassomethingimportanttodowithourdailylife.6.Chinaisa____________(develop)country________(belong)tothethirdworld.

remainingcoveringstudyingofwhomstudyingofthembeingdiscusseddevelopingbelonging1.YourjourneyinKenyaisreally__________(excite).2.Whatyoudidwas___________(disappoint).3.ThenightmareIhadlastnightwasvery__________(frighten).现在分词作表语通常表示主语的属性和特征,相当于形容词,其主语通常是物.三、V-ing作表语disappointingexcitingfrightening1）作动词的宾语

Shedenied_______(make)amistake.

Heimagined_______(lead)ahappylife.2)作介词宾语

Heleftwithout

______(say)good-byetous.Isthereanyhopeof_________(catch)theearlybus?四、V-ing作宾语makingleadingsayingcatching1.只接v-ing作宾语的常见动词avoid,miss,putoff;避免错过(少)延期;advise,finish,practise;建议完成多练习;enjoy,imagine,can’thelp;喜欢想象禁不住admit,deny,envy;承认否认与妒忌;escape,risk,excuse;逃避冒险(莫)原谅;stand,keep,mind.忍受保持(不)介意.2.只接v-ing作宾语的常见动词短语insiston,objectto,begoodat,leadto,putoff,giveup,feellike,

lookforwardto,devoteto,beworth,

getusedto,payattentionto3.动词forget,goon,mean,regret,remember,stop,try,beusedto,can'thelp后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意。

forget,regret,remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。1)remembertodo记住要做某事

rememberdoing记得过去做过某事我记得在街上见过他。

Iremember_______(meet)himinthestreet.

我想起来要给我父母亲写信。Iremember______(write)alettertomyparents.2)forgettodo忘记去做某事

forgetdoing忘记做过某事我忘了去为她寄那封信了.Iforgot_______(mail)theletterforher.我忘记了写过那篇作文.Iforgot________(write)thatcomposition.meetingtowritetomailwriting3)stopdoing

停止做某事

stoptodo

停下正在做的事而去做另外一件事请不要抽烟Stopsmoking,please.

咱们停下来休息一下吧。Let'sstoptohavearest.

4)

meantodo打算做某事

meandoing意味着……Imeant________(catch)upwiththeearlybus.Thismeans________(waste)alotofmoney.我打算赶上早班车.这意味着花很多钱.tocatchwasting5)trytodo设法尽力做某事

trydoing试着做某事Youshouldtrytoovercomeyourshortcomings.你设法尽力克服你的缺点.Tryworkingoutthephysicsprobleminanotherway.试着用另一种方法去计算这物理难题.6)regrettodo对要做的事表示抱歉或遗憾

regretdoing对已做过的事表示后悔我后悔花了那么多钱.我很遗憾地吿诉你,你高考失败了.Iregretspendingsomuchmoney.Iregrettotellyouhavefailedthecollegeentranceexam.We don’t allow __________(walk) on the grass.We don’t allow people __________(walk)on the grass.People are not allowed __________ (walk)on the grass. 

4.allow,advise,forbid,permit+doingallow,advise,forbid,permit+sb.+todo

eg.

我们不允许在这抽烟。Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.

我们不允许学生抽烟。

Wedon’tallowstudentstosmoke.walkingtowalktowalk五、V-ing作宾语补足语常见的两类接现在分词作宾补的动词：⑴感官动词：see,hear,watch,find,feel,smell,observe,notice,lookat,listento⑵使役动词：have,keep,catch,leave

我刚刚听见那个女孩正在教室唱歌.Iheard

thegirlsingingintheclassroom.

洗手的时候不要让水一直流.Don'tkeepthewaterrunningwhilewashingyourhands.特殊的两个区别：1).现在分词作宾补与不定式做宾补的区别。

doing：动作正在进行+主动

todo：动作的。试比较：

1.Iheardhersingingasongjustnow.

2.Iheardhersingasongjustnow.==Shewasheardtosingasongjustnow.动作正在进行+主动(听见全过程)全过程2).现在分词被动式与过去分词作宾补的区别。

beingdone：正在进行+被动

done：动作已完成+被动试比较：

1.Isawhimbeingtakenaway.

我看到他正被人带走。

2.Isawhimtakenaway.

我看到他被带走了。(正在进行+被动)(完成+被动)六、V-ing作状语

动词-ing形式可以作状语，在句中表示时间,原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况等,相当于相对应的状语从句。

动词-ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。1表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。（有时可在动词-ing前加一个表时间的连词，如when,while等）

Afterwehavemadefullpreparations,wearereadyfortheexamination.==wearereadyfortheexamination.,(一听到消息)theyjumpedwithgreatjoy.

Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,Henrywenthome.==,Henrywenthome.Havingmadefullpreparations,

Hearingthenews

Havingfinishedhishomework2表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。Beingill,hedidn'tgotoschoolyesterday.

由于生病，他昨天没有上学。(=Sincehewasill...),hecouldn’taffordaTVset.(=Ashewaspoor,hecouldn’taffordaTVset.)wecouldn’tgetintouchwithhim.(=Becausewedidn’tknowhisphonenumber,wecouldn’tgetintouchwithhim.)BeingpoorNotknowinghisphonenumber,3结果状语，相当于一个并列谓语。

他父亲死了，留给他许多钱.Hisfatherdied,Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,(=Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries;asaresult,itbecomesthemostpopularsportintheworld.)

leavinghimalotofmoney.

makingitthemostpopularsportintheworld.4表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。

Ifyouworkhardatyourlessons，youwillsucceed.==

Ifyouuseyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.==

Ifyoudrivetoofast,you’lldamagethecar.==Workinghardatyourlessons,youwillsucceed.

Usingyourhead,you’llfindagoodway.Drivingtoofast,you’lldamagethecar.5表示让步，相当于一个让步状语从句。=Althoughhewastoilingalltheyearround,

thepoorpeasantcouldn'taffordtosendhischildrentoschool.

这位贫苦的农民，尽管终年劳累，还是无力送孩子上学。

=Thoughitweighedalmostonehundredjin,

theboxwasliftedbyhimwithonehand.AlthoughtoilingalltheyearroundWeighingalmostonehundredjin6表示行为方式、伴随情况或补充说明，相当于一个并列结构。他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。Helayonthegrass,andstaredattheskyforalongtime他走出去，砰地一声把门带上。Hewentout,

slammingthe

door.

=Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.=Hewentout,andheslammedthe

door.1.Sixtymillionpeople_____(live)inruralareasaremovingtothecitieseveryyear.2.Ioftenseemyteacher______(run)ontheplayground..3.Ourtripwas______________(disappoint).Wedidnotfindanyunusualplants.PracticelivingrunFillintheblankswiththeverbgiveninitsproperform.disappointing4.Isawthem______(force)thedooropenwithahammer.5.Theyaskedme

(thank)yourmother.6.Thenewswas__________(shock).Allthethreeboatshadsunkinthestorm.forcingtothankshocking4.现在分词作状语1).作时间状语,相当于时间状语从句(常同连词when,whenever,while,once,until等连用)Hearingthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.

=Whentheyheardthebadnews,theycouldn’thelpcrying.

Havingreceivedhisletter,Idecidedtowriteback.=AfterIhadreceivedhisletter,Idecidedtowriteback.2).作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。Beingastudent,Imustworkhard.Beingsoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.=Becausehewassoangry,hecouldn’tgotosleep.=BecauseIamastudent,Imustworkhard.=Becausehedidn’tknowwhattodonext,heturnedtotheteacherforhelp.Notknowingwhattodonext,heturnedtotheteacherforhelp.3.作条件状语,相当于条件状语从句Workinghard,youwillsucceed.

Puttingmoresaltintothesoup,youwillfinditmoredelicious.=Ifyouputmoresaltintothesoup,youwillfinditmoredelicious.=Ifyouworkhard,youwillsucceed.

4.作伴随状语,相当于并列句Theycameintotheclassroom,singingandlaughing.

5.作结果状语Hisfatherdied,leavinghimlotsofmoney.=Theysangandlaughed;theycameintotheclassroom.注意:

V-ing有其完成式_________,表示分词动作发生于主句动作之____。

V-ing形式的否定not要置于V-ing之__。分词作状语时，其逻辑主语同主句的主语_____且有逻辑_____关系，往往可转换为相应的状语从句。havingdone前前一致主动1.a.Hearingthenews,tearsrandownherface.b.Hearingthenews,shecriedoutsadly.2.a.Enteringtheclassroom,Ifoundnobodyinit.b.Enteringtheclassroom,nobodywasfoundinit.Choosethecorrectsentence.3.a.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.b.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,wesawabeautifulgarden.4.a.Readingtheeveningnewspaper,adogstartedbarking.b.Iwasreadingtheeveningnewspaperwhenadogstartedbarking.考点解析：非谓语动词是高考的一个热点,V-ing常考的形式有以下几点：一、时态与语态（完成时态的主动、被动形式）二、结果状语（自然而然的结果），时间状语三、被动形式作定语；被动形式跟在介词后作宾语四、否定时not的位置五、在问句中作主语进行回答考点：考查非谓语动词。

解析：该空，分词短语作时间状语，其逻辑主语Dina与struggle为主动关系，故排除B项。由剧中的finally可知非谓语动词表示的动作发生在句中谓语tookaposition之前，故用现在分词的完成主动式。（10湖南）26.Dina,

formonthstofindajobasawaitress,finallytookapositionatalocaladvertisingagency.A.strugglingB.struggledC.havingstruggled D.tostruggle (08陕西卷)14._________aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNestforthe2008OlympicGames.HavingshownB.TobeshownC.HavingbeenshownD.Toshow答案：C。我们是被带领参观的因此是被动语态。先参观水立方后去看鸟巢所以时态是完成时态句意：南方下了大雨，在几个省区造成严重洪灾。

解析：空格后seriousflooding是rainedheavily的后果，而且句子主语it和cause之间存在主动关系，所以此处要用动词的ing形式作结果状语。答案：C.（10天津）12.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth，————seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.A.causedB.havingcausedC.causingD.tocause考点：考查现在分词短语做伴随状语及动词不定式的否定式。

解析：句中listen和trynottomiss为同时进行的动作，故用现在分词的一般式做伴随状语。又动词不定式的否定式要在其前加not.故选B。（10四川）17．Thelawyerlistenedwithfullattention，___

tomissanypoint．

A．nottryingB．tryingnotC．totrynotD．nottotry答案：选A.enabling表示他在捐献后的（自然）结果（10江苏）28.TheretiredmandonatedmostofhissavingstotheschooldamagedbytheearthquakeinYushu,________thestudentstoreturntotheirclassrooms.

A.enablingB.havingenabledC.toenableD.tohaveenabledTheircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thus____thedelay.A.tocauseB.causingC.causedD.cause2.Iwasinthebathroom,not___theknockatthedoor.A.hearB.tohearC.hearingD.heardExercise