2023年英汉法律翻译教程 孙万彪

英汉法律翻译孙万彪合同有一定的形式和一般性的条款。法律翻译的根本。“忠实通顺〞法律翻译的难处：对法律用于的理解长句的解读和翻译。导：法律的翻译法律英语的严肃性和严性法律往往使用正式的词语被赋予专门意义并已进入法律英语范畴的普通词语英语古词语外来词语法律属于和行话套话。法律之中经常会不少构造复杂文辞冗长的句子。法律最突出的特点是客观公正不带主观色彩因此句子中较少出现人称主语更多的是被动语态和名词化构造。法律翻译直译。应对法律的每一个词〔包括虚词〕都不能掉以轻心应该按其在法律语境中的意思进展翻译。即使是介词也应当重视。翻译长句应该在准确理解句子的完好意思的根底上按中国所习惯的时间顺序〔如由过去如今到将来〕和逻辑思维顺序〔如“因〞而“果〞〕将英语原句译成符合汉语表达习惯的文字。“拆分——整合〞的处理方式。法律翻译工作者除了在英语和汉语的功底和写作才能有较高的要求同时还需要有一点个法律和经济方面的知识。1．人称代词和物主代词的翻译汉语里的人称代词不多。在英语里但凡能用人称代词取代名词的地方都用代词。汉语有重复名次的强而不会过多使用人称代词。法律翻译之中只有代词“其〞才是最适宜的。三种翻译：1．译成汉语代词(a)Withoutpriorwrittenapproval,noPartyshallassignanyandallofitsrightsandinterestsanddelegateitsresponsibilitiesunderthisAgreementtoanythirdparty.未经事先允许任何一方不得将其在本协议项下的任何和全部权利和权益让与及将其在本协议项下的责任委托给第三方。2．译成所代替的名词(a)ThisContractisexecutedininese.Ifnecessary,itmaybetranslatedintootherlanguages.本合同以中文文本签署。如有必要本合同可译成其他文字。(b)ThisAgreementconstituestheentireagreeementbetweenthepartieswithrespecttoitssubjectmatter,andnovariationofthisAgreementshallbedffectiveunlessmadeinwritingandsignedbyalloftheparties.本协议构成双方本协议标的的完好协议对本协议的任何修改只有通过书面形式并经双方签字前方能生效。3．略不译(a)TheformationofthisContract,itsvalidity,interpretation,executionandsettlementofdisputesinconnectionherewithshallbegovernedbythelawsofthePeople’sRepublicofina.本合同的订立效力解释执行和合同争议的解决均受法律的辖。(b)Acertificateissuedbytheamberofmerceorotherappropriateauthoritywheresucircumstancesoccurshallbesufficientproofoftheexistenceofsucircumstancesandtheirduration.不可抗力发生地的商会或其他有关部门出具的证明应足以证明不可抗力的存在和延续的时间。Assignment/transfer转让1.NeitherPartymayassignthisAgreement,inwholeorinpart,withouttheotherParty’spriorwrittenconsent,exceptto(i)anycorporationresultingfromanymerger,consolidationorotherreorganizationinvilvingtheassigningParty,and(ii)anyentitytowhitheassigningPartymaytransferallorsubstantiallyallofitsassets;providedthattheassigneeagreesinwritingtobeboundbyallthetermsandconditionsoftheAgreementandprovidesdocumentationasevidencethattheassigneehastheabilityandcapabilityofmeetingalloftheobligationsunderthisAgreement.任何一方未经另一方事先书面同意不得转让本协议的全部或部除非转让给〔i〕涉及转让方的因兼并合并或其他重组而产生的任何〔ii〕转让方可以向其转让全部或绝大部资产的实体；但受让方须书面同意受本协议所有条款和条件约束并提供证明受让方有资格、有才能履行本协议项下的全部义务。2.Withoutpriorwrittenapproval,noPartyshallassignanyandallofitrightsandinterestsanddelegateitsresponsibilitiesunderthisAgreementtoanythirdparty.However,PartyBshallhavetherighttoassignitsrightsandinterestsanddelegatesitsresponsibilitieshereundertoanaffiliate;providedthatPartBshallcontinuetowarrantthatsuaffiliatewillpletethepuraseoftheequityinterestinthemannerconlatedbythisAgreement.任何一方未经事先书面批准不得将其在本协议项下的任何和全部权利和权益让与及将其在本协议项下的责任委托给任何第三方。但乙方有权将其在本协议项下的权利和权益让与及将其在本协议项下的责任委托给一家关联但是乙方应继续保证该关联将以本协议拟定的方式完成对股权的购置。

3.NeitherPartyheretoshallassignthisAgreementoranyofitsrightsandinterestsherunderwithouttheotherParty’spriorwrittenconsent,whishallnotbeunreasonablywithheld.NotwithstandingtheaboveprovisionofthisClause,(a)PartyAshallhavetherighttoassignitsrightstoanysubsidiary,affiliateorsuccessorentityaslongasPartyAremainsliabletoperformallofitsobligationsunderthisAgreementasapplicable,and(b)PartyBmay,withouttheconsentofPartyA,assigninwhole,butnotinpart,itsrightsherundertoanysubsidiary,affiliateorsuccessorentityofPartyBoritsultimateparentpany(providedthatanysuassignmenttoanysusubsidiaryshalnotbedeemedasareleaseofPartyB’sobligationshereunderunlessPartyAshallhavegivenpriorwrittenconsenttoanysureleaseandPartyBshallremainliabletoPartyAinrespectofanybreaofthisClause.)AnyattedassignmentincontraventionofthisClauseshallbevoid.本协议任何一方未经另一方事先书面同意〔该另一方不得无理回绝同意〕不得转让本协议或其在本协议项下的任何权利和权益。尽本条有上述规定但(a)甲方有权将其权利让与任何子、关联或继承实体只要在适用情况下加方仍有责任履行其在本协议项下的全部义务(b)乙方可以无须经加方同意将其在本协议项下的全部〔而不是部〕权利让与乙方的任何子、关联或继承实体或其最终的母〔但是像任何该等子进展转让不应被视为解除一方在本协议项下的义务除非甲方已事先书面同意予以解除且乙方假设违背本条规定仍需对甲方负有责任〕。任何试图违背本条规定进展的转让均为无效。Hereto,hereunder中的here系指thisAgreement,hereto=tothisAgreement,hereunder=underthisAgreementShall用在法律中表示法律规定的义务legalobligation翻译成“应〞Should表示道义上的义务moralobligation翻译成“应该〞“应当〞Notwithstanding尽正式用语Su是典型的法律用语用以指前面提及的人或事一般译为“该〔等〕〞有时视上下文也可译作“上述〞、“前述〞。4.TransferofRegisteredCapital注册资本的转让(a)EitherPartymaytransferallorpartofitsregisteredcapitalcontributiontothepanytoanythirdparty,providedthatitfirstobtainstheunanimousapprovaloftheBoardandtheapprovaloftheApprovalAuthorityandplieswiththeprovisionsofthisArticle.任何一方均可将其在注册资本中的全部和部出资转让给第三方但该等转让首先须经一致通过及审批及格的批转并符合本条的规定。Registeredcapitalcontribution=contributiontotheregisteredcapital在注册资本中的出资额Board=theboardofdirectorsApprovalAuthority=theexaminationandapprovalauthority审批机构(b)WhenaParty(the“DisposingParty〞)wishestotransferallorpartofitsregisteredcapitalcontributiontoathirdparty,itshallprovideawrittennotice(the“Notice〞)totheotherParty(the“Non-disposingParty〞).TheNoticeshallstatethattheDisposingPartywishestomakethetransferandshallspecifytheinterestitwishestotransfer,thetermsandconditionsofthetransfer,andtheidentityoftheproposedtransferee.(the“Transferee〞).一方〔“转让方〞〕欲将其全部或部注册资本出资额转让给第三方时应向另一方〔“非转让方〞〕提供书面〔“〞〕。应说明转让方欲转让其出资明确欲转让的股权、转让的条款和条件及受让人〔“受让人〞〕的身份。在合同中放在括里首字母大写的词是为了后文表达简便指称明确而对其前面的对象所作的定义只不过是略了“hereinafterreferredtoas〞〔以下简称〕一语而已。(c)TheNon-DisposingPartyshallhaveapreemptiverighttopurasethewholeofsuinterest(i)ontermsandconditionsnolessfavorablethanthosespecifiedintheNoticeor(ii)atafairmarketvalueappraisedassetforthinparagraph(e).IftheNon-DisposingPartyelectstoexerciseitspreemptiveright,itshallnotifytheDisposingPartyinwriting(the“AcceptanceNotice〞)withinthirty(30)daysofotheactualdeliveryoftheNoticetotheNon-DisposingPartythatitintendstopurasethewholeoftheinteresttobetransferred.非转让方有优先权〔i〕按不逊于规定的条款和条件或〔ii〕按〔e〕规定以经评估的公平价购置全部该等股权。假设非转让方行使优先权应在转让方向非转让方实际送后三十〔30〕天内以书面形式转让方〔“承受〞〕说明其有意购置拟转让的全部股权。在合同中但凡表示数目的词〔包括金额和天数〕除了写出英语外习惯上还要附以加括的与之相应的阿拉伯数字。翻译的时候也照此处理。(d)IftheNon-DisposingPartyfailstorespondinwritingtotheNoticewithinsuthirty(30)-dayperiod,theNon-DisposingPartyshallbedeemedtohaveconsentedtothetransfer.IftheNon-DisposingPartyconsents,theDisposingPartymaytransfersuinteresttotheTransferee,onthetermsandconditionssetforthintheNotice,butnototherwise,providedthatsutransfertakesplacewithinsix(6)monthsafterthedeliveryoftheNoticeandthattheTransfereeagreesinwritingtobeesubjecttoandtoplywiththetermsandconditionsofthisContractandtheArticlesofAssociation.TheDisposingPartyshallprovidetheNon-DisposingPartywithadlicateofitsexecutedtransferagreementwiththeTransfereewithinfourteen(14)daysaftertheagreementisexecuted.假设在上述三十〔30〕天内非转让方未能作出书面回应即被视为业已同意转让。假设非转让方同意、或被视为同意转让转让防止可按规定的〔而不是其他的〕条款和条件将该等股权向受让人转让当转让人须在发出后六〔6〕个月内进展且受让人须书面同意服从和遵守本合体和章程的条款和条件。转让方应在与受让人签署转让协议后十四〔14〕天内向非转让方提供经其签署的转让协议副本。(e)IftheNon-DisposingPartyelectstopursastheinteresttobetransferredatfairmarketvalue,theNon-DisposingPartyshallstateintheAcceptanceNoticethatitsoelects,andshallincludeintheAcceptanceNoticealistofatleasttwo(2)internationallyreconginzedaccountingfirmswithexperienceinconductingvaluationsinina.TheDisposingPartyshall,withinthirty(30)daysafterreceivingtheAcceptanceNotice,bynoticeinwritingdeliveredtotheNon-DisposingPartytovaluetheinteresttobetransferred.TheNon-DisposingPartyshallarrangethevaluation,whishallbepletedwithinthree(3)monthsafterthedeliveryoftheAcceptanceNotice.假设非转让方以公平的价购置拟转让的股权应在承受中说明其此等意向并在其中列出至少两〔2〕家在中国进展评估方面具有经历的国际知名会计事务所。转让方应在收到承受后三十(30)天内向转让方送交书面提名非转让方提供的两家会计事务所之一对拟转让的股权进展评估。非转让方应对评估做出安排评估应在送交承受后三〔3〕个月内完成。Elect=ooseordecidetodosomething做不及物动词正式词译成“〞。Assignment/transfer转让补充练习——此章完毕1．TherightsandobligationsoftheJVCunderthisAgreementmaynotbeassignedorsub-contractedinwholeorinpartwithoutthepriorwritttenconsentofPartyA.未经甲方的书面同意合资在本协议下的权利和义务不得全部或者部转让或分包。2．ShouldonePartyassignallorpartofitsregisteredcapital,priorwrittenconsentshallbesbtainedfromtheotherParty.Inaddition,theortherPartyshallhaveapreemptiverightonthesametermsandconditionstotoextentpermitedbylaw.假设一方要转让全部或者部其注册资金应事先获得另一方的书面同意。此外该另一方应在法律容许的范围内的同等条款和条件下享有优先购置权。Notwithstandingtheforegoing,aPartyherebywaivesitspreemptiverightinthecaseofanyasignmentofallorpartoftheotherParty’sregisteredcapitaltoanaffiliateoftheotherParty.EaofthePartiesfurtheragreestocausethedirector(s)ithasappointedtotheBoardofDirectorstovoteinfavorofanysuproposedassignment.If,asaresultofitscorporaterestructuring,PartyAtransfersitsequityinterestintheCJVtooneofitsnewly-foundedaffiliates(“PartyAAffiliate〞),PartyAshallprovidePartyBwithawrittenassuranceguaranteeingtheperformanceoftheobligationsunderthisContractbyPartyAAffiliate.尽有上述规定假设一方将其全部或部注册资本转让给一家关联另一方那么在此放弃其优先购置权。各方进一步同意促使其向委派的董事投票赞成该等拟议的转让。假设由于甲方进展重组而将其在合作经营企业中的股权转让给其新成立的关联之一〔“甲方关联〞〕那么甲方应向乙方提供书面保证确保甲方关联履行本合同项下的义务。

3．IfaParty(“IntendingTransferor〞)intendstosellorotherwisetransfer(collectivelyreferredtointhisClauseas“Transfer〞)allorpartofitsequityinterestintheJVpany(collectivelyreferredtointhieClauseas“TransferredEquityInterest〞),itshallfirstsendawrittennotice(“TransferNotice〞)totheothertwoParties,statingitsintentiontomakethetransfer,thequantityoftheTransferredEquityInterest,theconditionsforpurasethereofandtheidentityoftheproposedtranferee.TheothertwoPartiesshallhavethepreemptiverighttopurasetheTransferredEquityInterest.IftheothertwoPartiesexercisestheirpreemptiverighttopuraseall(butnotpart)oftheTransferredEquityInterest,theyshall,withinninety(90)daysofreceiptoftheTransferNotice,purasetheTransferredEquityInterestatapriceequaltothesellingpricesetoutintheTransferNotice.IftheothertwoPartiesfailtoexercisesupreemptiverighttopuaseorpaythe(90)-dayperiod,theyshallbedeemedtohavegiventheirpriorwrittenconsenttotheproposedtransfer.WhentheIntendingTransferortransferstheTransferredEquityInterest,theactualconditionsforsutransfermaynotbemorefavorablethantheconditionsforpurasesetoutintheTransferNotice.WheretheIntendingTransferoriseitherPartyBorPartyC,andPartyAcannotincreaseitsEquityRationintheregisteredcapitaloftheJVpanyduetotherestrictionimposedbyineselaw,thenPartyAshallhavetherighttoassignitspreemptiverightofpurasetoathirdpartyapprovedbyPartyA.假设一方〔“拟转让方〞〕意欲或以其他方式转让〔在本条中统称“转让〞〕其在合资的全部或部股权〔在本条中统称“转让股权〞〕时首先应向另外两方发出书面〔“转让〞〕说明其转让意向、转让股权的数量、购置条件以及拟议的受让人身份。另外两方享有购置转让股权的优先权。假设另外两方行使其优先权购置全部〔但不是部〕转让股权那么应在收到转让后的九十〔90〕天内意向等已转让内列明的价的价款购置转让股权。假设另外两方在九十〔90〕天限内未行使其优先购置权或未向拟转让人支付价款那么应被视为已就该项拟议中的转让给予事前书面同意。拟转让方转让转让股权时实际转让条件不得比转让内所在的购置条件优惠。假设拟转让方式乙方或丙方而甲方因受中国法律限制不能增加其在合资注册资本中的股份比例在甲方有权将其优先购置权让与其认可的第三方。

第二章BreaandInfringement词语的翻译(一)1.一词多义goodagoodcontract有效合同goodwill或企业的“商誉〞(a)Neglectofdutyisgoodcauseforremovalofatrustee.理事玩忽职守理应解除其职务。Goodcause表示alegallysufficientreason法律上有充分理由。(b)ThevendorshallprocurethatthePuraseracquiresgoodtitletotheSharesfreefromallarges,liens,encumbrances,quitiesandclaimswhatsoever.卖方应保证买方获得不容置疑的股份所有权且该等股份不带任何押记、留置、负担、权益和主张。Goodtitle=titlethatislegallyvalidandeffective法律上有效的所有权也可译成无可争辩的所有权。(c)NowTherefore,inconsiderationofthepremises,andtherepresentations,warranties,covenants,andundertakingsofthepartieshereinaftersetforth,andforothergoodandvaluableconsideration,thepartiesagreeamongthemselvesasfollows.鉴于上述和各方在下文所作的陈述、保证、立约和承诺及其他有效的有价约因现各方达成协议如下。Goodconsideration=considerationthatisvalidunderthelaw法律上有效的约因或对价(d)PartyAisapanydulyorganized,validlyexistingandisgoodstandingasalegalpersonunderthelawsofthePRC.甲方是根据的法律正式成立有效存续和资格完备的法人。Ingoodstanding表示是符合法律法规要求的是有资格的。(e)IfanytermorprovisionofthisAgreementshallbeeorbedeclaredillegal,invalidorunenforceableforanyreasonwhatsoever,sutermorprovisionshallbeseveredfromthisAgreementandshallbedeemedtobedeletedfromthisAgreement;providedthatifsudeletionmateriallyaffectsoraltersthebasisofthisAgreement,thepartiesshallnegotiateingoodfaithtoamendandmodifytheprovisionsandtermsofthisAgreementasmaybenecesaaryordesirableinthecircumstances.假设因任何原因本协议的任一条款或规定变为或被宣布为不合法、无效或不可执行该条款或规定须与本协议别离且被视为从本协议中删除。但假设删除该条条款或规定会本质性影响或改变本协议的根底双方应以诚信的态度进展会谈以在必要或可取的情况下队本协议的规定和条款进展修改和变更。Goodfatith=honesty,fairnessandlawfulnessofpurpose诚信2.一词多译(a)TheAmendmentsincludeprovisionsforfreedomofspee,ofthepressandofworship;therightofcitizenstomeetpeacefully;therighttobesecureinone’sownhomeagainstunreasonablesearesandseizureofpersonsorproperty;andtherightofanypersonargedwithbreakingthelawtohaveaspeedytrialbyajuryoffellowcitizens.修正案条款中规定言、和信仰公民有和平的权利又在自己家里享有平安、人身不受无理搜寻和逮捕财产不受无理查抄的权利以及任何人被指控犯罪时享有公民陪审团及时审理的权利。(b)NoneofthePartiesshallbeentitledtomakeorpermitorauthorizethemakingofanypressreleaseofotherpublicstatementordisclosureconcerningthisAgreementoranyofthetransactionsconlatedinit,withoutthepriorwrittenconsentoftheotherParties,saveasrequiredbylaworotherpetentauthority.未经其他各方事先书面同意任何一方均无权就有关本协议或本协议与其的任何交易举行发布会发表公开声明或进展披露亦无权允许或受权别人进展此等发布或披露法律或其他主部门要求的除外。相关条款的翻译1．IfPartyAmateriallybreaesthisContract,PartyBoritssuccessorininterestisentitledtoterminatethisContractorclaimdamagesforthebreaofcontract.IfPartyBmateriallybreaesthisContract,PartyAisentitledtorequestPartyB,byissuingawrittennotice,toredressthebreawithinfifteen(15)daysonreceivingsunotice.IfPartyBfailstoredressthebreawithinthefifteen(15)-dayperiod,PartyAisentitledtorescindtheContractandclaimdamagesforthebreaofcontract.假设甲方本质性违背合同乙方或其权益承继人有权中止本合同或要求得到损害赔偿。假设乙方本质性违背本合同甲方经发出书面有权要求乙方在收到书面后十五〔15〕天内改正违约行为。假设乙方在十五〔15〕天限内未予改正加方那么有权解除合同并要求得到违约赔偿。2．IfaPartymateriallyfailstoperformanyofitsobligationsunderthisContractorifaParty’srepresentationorwarrantyunderthisContractismateriallyuntrueorinaccurate,suPartyshallbedeemedtohavebreaesthisContract.ThePartyinbreashallhavethiry(30)daysfromreceiptofanoticeformtheotherPartyspecifyingthebreatocorrectsubreaifitisremediable.ThePartyinbreashallinanycasebeliabletotheotherPartyforalldamagescausedbythebrea.Liabilityforsudamagesshallnotbewaivedintheeventthenon-breaingPartyterminatesthisContractunderAticleX.Allremediesproviddedforhereinandunderlawshallbecumulative.假设一方本质上未履行其在本合同项下的任何义务或一方在本合同项下的陈述或保证本质上是不的或不准确的该方应被视为违背了合同。违约方应在收到另一方指明其违约行为的后三十〔30〕日内纠正其违约行为〔假设该违约行为是可以纠正的〕。无如何违约方有责任赔偿另一方因该等违约而造成的一切损害。假设守约方根据X条中止本合同违约方仍应给予损害赔偿。本合同规定的及法律规定的一切救济应当是累积的。3．TheLicenseeshallpromptlynotifytheLicensor,inwriting,ofanyactsofinfringementorsuspectedinfringementoractsofunfairpetitioninvolvingtheTrademarksandofanyapplicationsorregistrationsofconfusinglysimilarmarkswhimayetoitsattention,TheLicenseeshallnotbeentitledtotakeanyproceedingsorcallontheLicensortotakeanyproceedingsinanyoftheaforsaidmatters;provided,however,thattheLicensormay,atitsowndicretionandcost,prosecuteorotherwisestoporpreventsuacutalorthreatenedinfringementinthenameofboththeLicensorandtheLicenseeoreitherofthem,andineacasetheLicenseeshallrenderallreasonableassistancerequiredbytheLicensor.一旦被容许方得悉设计商标的侵权行为或的侵权行为或涉及商标的不正当竞争行为以及引起混淆的类似商标的应用和注册被容许方应立即书面容许方。被容许方无权就上述任何行为起书或要求容许方起诉但容许方可自行并自付费用以容许方和被容许方双方名义或任一方名义对实际发生或似将发生的商标侵权行为提起诉讼或以其他方式阻止或防止该等行为侵权行为。无容许方采取前述何种行动被容许方均应提供容许方所要求的一切合理协助。4．Infringementandlegalproceedings(a)TheLicenseeshallgivetheLicensorinwritingfullparticularsofanyuseorproposedusebyanyotherperson,firmorpanyofatradename,trademarkorget-ofgoodsormeansofpromotionoradvertisingwhiamountstoorislikelytoamounttoinfrinementoftherightsoftheLicensorinrelationtotheLicensedTrademarksorcontraventionoftheAnti-unfairpetitionLawassoonasitbeesawareofsuuseorproposeduse.被容许方一旦得悉任何其别人、商行或使用或拟使用的商品名称、商标、商品装饰、促销活广告手段相当于或可能相当于进犯容许方对于受容许商标的权利或违背反不正当竞争法应立即以书面形式将详细情况告知容许方。(b)IftheLicenseebeesawarethatanyotherperson,firmorpanyallegesthatanyoftheLicensedTrademarksisinvaildorthatuseoftheLicensedTrademarksanyrightsofanotherparty,theLicenseeshallimmediatelygivetheLicensorinwritingfullparticularsthereofandmaymakenodisclosureofinformationoradmissiontoanythirdpartyinrespectthereof.假设被容许方得悉任何其别人商行或声称受可商标是无效的或受容许商标的使用进犯了他方权利应立即以书面形式将详细情况告知容许方并不得向任何第三方披露有关此方面的信息或对此作出成认。(c)TheLicensorconductalllegalproceedingsinrespectofanyinfringementorallegedinfringementoftheLicensedTrademarksandanyclaimorcounterclaimbroughtorthreatenedtobebroughtinconnectionwiththeuseorregistrationoftheLicensedTrademarksandshallinitsabsolutediscretiondecidewhattodo.TheLicensorshallnotbeobligedtobringordefendanyproceedingsinrelationtotheLicensedTrademarksiftheLicenseedecidesinitssolediscretiontodoso.对于受容许商标所受到的侵权或侵权指控以及就受容许商标的使用或注册提出或拟将提出的索赔或反索赔容许方应进展一切法律诉讼并完全由其采取何种行动。假设被容许方自行就受容许商标提起诉讼或进展抗辩容许方无义务九次提起诉讼或进展抗辩。(d)TheLicenseewill,attherequestoftheLicensorandattheLicensor’sexpense,givefullcoorperationtotheLicensorinanyactionorclaimbroughtorthreatenedtobebroughtinrespectoftheLicensedTrademarks,includingjoininginasapartytoanyproceedings.对于就受容许商标提起或拟将提起的诉讼或索赔应容许方要求并由容许方支付费用被容许方将给予容许方充分合作包括作为当事人参与任何诉讼。补充翻译练习1．IfanypartyfailstoperformanyofitsobigationsinanymaterialrespectunderthisAgreementorbreaesanyofthetermsorWarrantiessetoutinthisAgreementinanymaterialrespect,thenwithoutprejudicetoallandanyotherrightsandremediesavailableatanytimetoanon-defaultingparty(includingbutnotlimitedtotherighttodamagesforanylosssufferedbythatparty),thenon-defaultingpartymay,bynoticeeitherrequirethedefaultingpartytoperformsuobligationsorremedysubrea,ortreatthedefaultingpartyashavingrepudiatedthisAgreementandrescindthesame.TherightsconferredontherespectivepartiesbytheprovisionsoftheClauseareadditionaltoanddonotprejudiceanyotherrightstherespectivepartiesmayhave.假设任何一方未在本质性方面履行其在本协议项下的任何义务或本质性违背本协议规定的人以条款或保证在不损害非违约方任何时候可享有的一切和任何其他权利和补偿〔包括但不限于要求赔偿损失的权利〕的情况下非违约方可经要求违约方履行其义务或纠正违约行为或视违约方已否认协议有效而取消本协议。本款规定赋予各方的权利是对各方可能享有的其他权利的补充而不是损害。2．IntheeventthatLicensororLicenseebeesawareofanactualorthreatenedinfringementofaPatentanywhereintheTerritory,thatpartyshallpromptlynotifytheotherpartyinwriting.Licensorshallhavetherightbutnottheobligationtobring,atitsownexpense,aninfringementactionagainstanythirdpartyanduseLicensee’snameinconnectiontherewithandtonameLicenseeasapartythereto.假设容许方或被容许方得知区域内任何地方实际发生或似将发生的专利侵权行为该方应立即书面另一方。容许方有权利但无义务真独任何第三方提起侵权诉讼并在诉讼中使用被容许方的名称以及制定被容许方为诉讼的当事人诉讼费由容许方负担。3．IntheeventoftheinstitutionofanysuitbyathirdpartyagainstLicensor,Licenseeoritssub-licenseesordistributorsfropatentinfringementinvolvingthemanufacture,use,sale,distributionormarketingoftheProductanywhereinitheTerritory,thepartysuedshallpromptlynotifytheotherpartyinwriting.Licensorshalhavetherightbutnottheobligationtodefendsusuitatitsownexpense.LicensorandLisenseeshallassisteaotherandco-operateinanysulitigationattheother’srequestwithoutexpensetotherequestingparty.假设有第三方在区域内任何地方就涉及的制造、使用、销售、分销或营销对容许方、被容许方、或被容许方的分被容许方或分销商提起专利侵权诉讼被诉方应立即书面另一方。容许方有权但无义务对该等诉讼进展抗辩备用由容许房子里。在任何该等诉讼中容许方或被容许方中的一方应另一方恳求应向恳求方提供协助并与恳求方合作但不得向其收取费用。第三章Confidentiality词语的翻译〔二〕1．复叠词的翻译法律英语在用词方面的特点之一是常常讲两个同义词或近义词复叠在一起使用形成相对固定或稳定的词组或是为了加强语势或是为了措辞严谨。在翻译时大体上有以下两种：〔1〕两个复叠的词意义一样或大体一样一般只需译成一个汉语词：(a)Thecontractwasdeclarednullandvoidbythepetentauthority.主部门宣布该合同无效。(b)IfanyoneormoreoftheprovisionscontainedinthisAgreementshallbeinvaild,illegal,orunenforceableinanyrespectunderanyapplicablelaw,thevalidity,legalityandenforceabilityoftheremainingprovisionscontainedhereinshallnotinanywaybeaffectedorimpairedandshallremaininfullforceandeffect.假设本协议的某条或数条条款根据任何适用法律在任何方面是无效的、不合法的、或不能强迫执行的那么本协议的其他条款的效力、合法性和可执行性不受任何影响或损害并仍然完全有效。(c)DuringthetermofthisAgreement,PartyAshallundertake,renewandmaintainforitsbenefitandinterest,andatitsowncostandexpense,thefollowingprimaryinsurancepolicies.在本协议间甲方应为自身利益自费购置、续买和保持以下主要。(d)PartyAfurtherrepresentsandwarrantsthattheLandisfreeandclearofanyandallclaims,arges,easement,encumbranes,lease,convenants,securityinterest,liens,option,pledge,rightsofothers,orrestrictions.甲方进一步陈述和保证该土地不存在任何权利主张、抵押、地役权、权利负担、租约、契约、担保权益、留置权、购置权、质押、别利或限制。(e)IntheeventthatanyoftheconditionsreferredtoinClauseXisnotfulfilledonorbeforetheCut-offDate,thenthePuasermaybynoticetotheVendorterminatethisAgreementwhereonallobligationsandliabilitiesofthepartieshereundershallceaseanddetermine.假设在截止日或之前X款提到的任何条件未得到满足买方那么可以经卖方终止本协议。协议一旦终止各方在本协议项下的所有义务和责任即刻终止。〔2〕两个复叠的词意义相近可用两个汉语近义词来翻译以充分表达原文的意旨：(a)Thepanyshall,atitsowncostandexpense,atalltimesduringoperationofthefactoryandotherfacilitiesandduringanyconstructionworktakeoutandmaintainfullandadequatepropertyinsurancecoveringthebuildings,contents,andotherfirstpartyrisksofthepanyasarecustomarilyinsuredagainstinina.应在工厂和其他设施运营间以及工程施工间自费购置并保有在中国按惯例应予的包括建筑物设施以及其他第一方风险在内的全面和充分的财产。(b)EaPartyundertakeswiththeotherPartythatitshalltreatasstrictlyconfidentialallinformationreceivedorobtainedbyitoritsemployees,agentsoradvisersasaresultofenteringintoorperformingthisAgreementandthatitshallnotatanytimehereaftermakeuseofordiscloseordivulgetoanypersonanysuinformation.各方向另一方承诺其将对因签订或履行本协议而由其或其雇员代理人或参谋得到或获得的所有信息严格且在此后任何时候均不使用或向任何人披露或任何该等信息。1．一连串相关词的翻译法律英语在用词方面的另一个特征是常常把一连串意义相关或相近的词房子一起以求全面而无疏漏。但由于并不是每个法律用词在汉语中都有完全等同或对应的词这给翻译造成了难题。处理这个问题的是能找到对应词的尽量用对应词来译；没有类似的同类词的只能暂告阙如。ThePartiesagreethatthisAgreementmaybepleadedinanycourtofpetentjurisdictionasabartoanyaction,suit,claim,causeofactionorproceedingmencedbyPartyBagainstPartyAorPartyCfororinrespectoforinanywayconnectedwithorarisingoutoftheclaim.各方同意本协议可在有辖权的任何法庭上用于辩以阻止乙方为索赔、就索赔、与索赔有关或因索赔而向甲方或丙方提起诉讼、索赔、诉讼事由或诉讼程序。(b)Taxationshallpriseallformsoftaxes,includingwithoutlimitationinetax,capitalgainstax,stampduty,tariffs,customsduties,importandexportduties,impositions,dutiesandlevies,andallfines,penalties,arges,fees,costsandratesimposed,leviedandcollectedbythetaxationauthorityandotherpetentauthorities.税收包括各种形式的税项包括但不限于和其他主部门征收的所得税、资本利得税、印花税、关税、进出口税、各种征税、以及一切罚金、收费和税款。相关条款的翻译1．EaPartyundertakeswiththeotherPartythatitshalltreatasstrictlyconfidentialallinformationreceivedorobtainedbyitoritsemployees,agentsoradvisersasaresultofenteringintoorperformingthisAgreementincludinginformationrealtingtotheprovisionsofthisAgreement,thenegotiationsleadingtothisAgreement,thesubjectmatterofthisAgreementorthebusinessoraffairsoftheotherPartyoranymemberoftheotherParty’sgroofpaniesandthatitshallnotatanytimehereaftermakeuseofordiscloseordivulgetoanypersonanysuinformationandshalluseitsbestendeavorstopreventthepublicationordisclosureofanysuinformation.各方向另一方承诺其将对因签订或履行本协议而由其或其雇员、代理人或参谋得到或获得的所有信息包括与本协议的规定、为达本钱协议进展的会谈、本协议的标的、或另一方的或另一方集团任意成员的业务或事物相关的信息严格其在此后任何时候均不使用或向任何人披露或任何该等信息并竭力防止该等信息的公布或披露。2．FromandafterthedateofthisAgreement,PartyAshall,andshallcauseitsaffiliatesandsuccessorsto,usethesameeffortstomaintaintheconfidentialityofanyConfidentialInformationasPartyAusedtomaintaintheconfidentialityofsuinformationpriortothedatehereof.Notwithstandingtheforegoing,PartyAanditsaffiliatesandsuccessorsshall,afterpriornoticeto,andconsultationwithPartyB,bepermittedtodiscloseanysuConfidentialInformationtotheextentlegallyrequiredornecessaryforobtainingappropriateregulatorylicensesorapprovals.自本协议之日起及其后甲方应尽力并应促使其关联或承继人尽力对机信息进展一如其在本协议之日前为该等机信息。尽有前述规定甲方及其关联和承继人经事先乙方并与乙方协商后应允许其仅按照法律要求或为获得有关理部门的执照或批准而披露必须予以披露任何该等机信息。3．AllProprietaryInformationdisclosedbyeitherPartyoritsaffiliatestotheCJVinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthisContractandtheTenologyLicenseAgreementand/ortheTragdemarkLicenseAgreementtobeenteredintobetweenanaffiliateofPartyBandtheCJVonoraboutthedatehereofsubstantiallyintheformattaedheretoasAppendixXshallbeusedbytheCJVanditspersonnelsolelyfortheCJV’saccountandpurposes.EapartyandanyofitsaffiliatesshallmaintainthesecrecyofallProprietaryInformationthatmaybedisclosedorfurnishedtoitbytheCJVortheotherPartyanditsaffiliates,andneitherofthePartiesortheiraffiliatesshalldiscloseorrevealanysuPropriertaryInformationtoanythirdpartywithoutexplicitwrittenauthorizationformtheotherParty.AnyProprietaryInformationobtainedbytheCJVoraPartyoritsaffiliatesmaybedisclosedonlytothedesignatedemployeesoftheCJVorthatPartyanditsaffiliateswhosedutiessorequirefortheimplementationofthisContract.TheCJVandeaPartyanditsaffiliatesshalltakeallreasonableprecautions(includingtheconclusionofconfidentialitycontractswitheasuemployee)topreventsuemployeesfromusinganddisclosingtheProprietaryInformationincontraventionofthisArticle3.任何一方或其关联根据本合同及一方一家关联与合作经营企业于本合同同日或稍后签订的技术容许协议和/或商标容许协议〔其格式见附件五〕的规定向合作经营企业披露的所有专有信息仅供合作经营企业及员用于合作经营企业的自身利益和目的。各方及其关联应对合作经营企业或另一方及其关联向其披露或提供的所有专有信息；未经另一方明示的书面受权任何一方或其关联不得向任何第三方披露或透露任何该等专有信息。合作经营企业或一方或其关联获得的人和专有信息只能披露给为执行本合同其职责需要其知悉该等信息的合作经营企业或该方及其关联的指定雇员。合作经营企业和各方及其关联应采取一切合理的预防措施〔包括与每一个该等雇员订立合同〕防止该等雇员违背本条规定而使用