2023年大学生英语竞赛类模拟试卷

大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）C类模拟试卷27PartⅡVocabularyandStructure31．Iwanttoputsomemoneyintomybankaccount,soI'mgoingto______bankthisafternoon.It'sin______MidlandStreet.A．a:theB．the:theC．a:aD．the:/32．Ms.Smithisvery______.Shehaschangedthedirector'smindaboutmanyissues.A．PromptB．TidyC．InfluentialD．vital33．Theboard______oftheopinionthatthenewsshouldn'tbecarriedinthenewspaper.A．IsB．willbeC．WereD．are34．Productionistobe______frombigcitiestothemountainousareasincaseofwar.A．TransferredB．TransmittedC．TranslatedD．transformed35．Thecrewworkedsohard,theyfinishedtheentireprojectthreedays______schedule.A．forwardofB．aheadofC．onwardofD．aboveof36．Wewenttoarestaurantthatnight.______foodwaslovely,butIdidn'tlikethesouporthedessert.A．SomeofB．SomeoftheC．NoneoftheD．Allthe37．Thereceptionist______wehandedtheformspointedoutthattheyhadnotbeenproperlyfilledin.A．WhoB．ThatC．towhomD．towho38．Itseemsoil______fromthispipeforsometime.We'llhavetotakethemachineaparttoputitright.A．hadleakedB．LeakedC．isleakingD．hasbeenleaking39．Thegamewascancelledbecausemostoftheteammembers______amatchwithoutastandardcourt.A．objectedtohaveB．objectedtohavingC．wereobjectedtohaveD．wereobjectedthat40．HewasoutwhenIcalled,butthesecretarykindlyoffered______amessageforme.A．TakingB．totakeC．TookD．taken41．______thenoteyouleft,Iwouldhaveforgottentoclosethedoor.A．WithB．IncaseofC．BecauseofD．Butfor42．Thespokesmanadmittedthatthegovernment'sthoughtlesspolicyhadcausedacrisisthatA．couldneverhavehappenedB．mighthavehappenedC．shouldneverhavehappenedD．wouldneverhavehappened43．Wedoubtedifitwasworth______about40milestoseethefootballmatch.A．ofridingB．RidingC．RideD．beingridden44．—Excuseme.CanIparkmycarhere?—No,I'mafraidnot.______—Oh,doyouknowofanywherearoundhereIcanpark?—Sorry,I'mafraidIdon't.Maybeyouwillparkhere?B．Thisisanoparkingzone.C．Thanksfortheoffer.D．Wouldyoumindparkinghere?45．—Tom!What'sthat?—Therearetwogirlsbehindyou.______You'vejustnoticed?—Idon'tgetwhyanybodydoesthatanymore.It'ssoannoying!A．They'vebeensmokinglikechimneys.B．Ican'tstandsmokinghere.C．Manypeoplearoundherearesmoking.D．Thesecondhandsmokeisgoingtokillus.PartⅢClozeIntheearly1950stheresearcherswhoproducedthefirstcladglassopticalfiberswerenotthinkingofusingthemforcommunications.【C1】H______,fiberopticswasalreadyawell-establishedcommercialtechnologywhenthefamouspaperbyKaoandHockham,【C2】______(claim)theuseoflow-lossopticalfibersforcommunication,appearedin1966.Thefirstlow-losssilicafiberwasdescribedin【C3】______whichappearedinOctoberof1970.Thedateofthispublicationissometimes【C4】______(cite)asthebeginningoftheeraoffibercommunication.Althoughthisdevelopmentdidreceive【C5】______(consider)attentionintheresearchcommunityatthetime,itwasfarfrominevitablethatamajorindustrywouldevolve.Thetechnologicalbarriersappearedformidablebecausetherewereseriousdoubtsasto【C6】wh______thesefibercomponentscouldeverbeproducedeconomicallyenough,butthemarketpotentialwasverysignificant.【C7】______(consequence),researchanddevelopmentactivityexpandedrapidly,andanumberofimportantissueswere【C8】re______duringtheearly1970s.Duringthemiddleandlate1970s,therateofprogresstowardsmarketableproductsacceleratedastheemphasis【C9】______(shift)fromresearchtoengineering.Fiberswithlosses【C10】app______theRayleighlimitof2dB/kmatawavelengthof0.8μmwereproduced.By1980improvementincomponentperformance,cost,andreliabilityledtomajorcommitmentsonthepartoftelephonecompanies.PartⅣReadingComperhensionSectionAAcollisionbetweenanaircraftandoneormorebirdsistermedabird-strike.Pilotssometimesrecordabirdstrikewhileatcruisingaltitudes,butmostofthemhappenwhenanaircraftisrelativelyclosetotheground,usuallyinproximitytoanairportandduringthecircling,descenttolandortake-offphasesofaflight.Birdstrikesmaycausesignificantdamagetoanaircraftand/or,ifthebirdsareingestedintoajetengine,asignificantandsuddenlossofpower.Ifthisweretohappenduringtake-offorinitialclimbofafullyloadedpassengeraircrafttheresultscouldbecatastrophic-lossoftheaircraftandthelivesofthoseonboard.Anybirdisapotentialhazardtoaircraftandthisisespeciallytrueasbirdnumbersandbirdsizeincrease.Unfortunatelyairportsthemselvescanbeattractivetobirds-rodents,insectsandothersmallanimalsareafoodsourceoftenfoundinflatgrassedareassuchastherunwaystrips.Evenso,thisproblemcanbereducedbycarefulhabitatmanagementorbirdharassmenttechniquespractisedbyairportmaintenanceandsafetypersonnel.Careneedstobetakenbylocalauthoritiesindecidingthelocationofrubbishtips,orwhenpermittingotherlandusesthatmaybeattractivetobirdsinthisway.Ofcoursetheseeffectscannotalwaysbeanticipatedwithcertaintysincebirdssuchasgullshavebeenrecordedastravelling50kilometresormorefromtheirroostingareatoanattractivefoodsource.Localauthorityplanningschemesoftenapplystrictcontrolsondevelopmentssuchasabattoirs,cattlefeedlots,grainhandling,piggeries,canalsandmarinadevelopments,fishfarms,andsuchlike.Inmostcasestheseuseswillnotbepermittedwithoutafullenvironmentalstudy.Thatstudyshouldberequiredtodealwiththequestionoflikelybirdhazardsiftheproposedlocationisinproximitytoanairport.Insomeinstancesitmaybenecessarytoconsiderwaysofmanagingaparticularlanduseinordertoreduceitsattractivenesstobirds,forexampletheadoptionofland-fillmeasuresatgarbagetips,orenclosedratherthanopen-airactivity.Specialistornithologicalopinionmaybenecessary.Insuchcasesitmaynotbepossibletoimplementimmediatechangesinlanduse,butthisshouldnotinhibittheadoptionoflong-termmeasureswhicharedesignedtoachievethis.Summary:Acollisionbetweenanaircraftandoneormorebirdsisknownasabirdstrike.Itusuallyhappenswhenanaircraftisclose【A1】,andmayresultinsignificantdamageoftheaircraftorlossoftheaircraftand【A2】ofpassengersandcrewiftheyoccurduringtake-offorinitialclimb.Becausebirdscanfindplentyfoodinflatgrassedareas,airportsareespeciallyattractivetobirds.However,thedangercanbeminimizedby【A3】_____.Localauthoritiesneedtotakecarewhendecidingon【A4】Itissuggestedthatafullenvironmentalstudyshouldbemadebeforemakingplansofdevelopmentsonthelandinproximitytoanairport.Localauthoritiesshouldgetadvicefromspecialistsandtake【A5】inordertobringaboutchangesinlanduse.SectionBResourcescanbesaidtobescarceinbothanabsoluteandrelativesense:thesurfaceoftheEarthisfinite,imposingabsolutescarcity:butthescarcitythatconcernseconomistsistherelativescarcityofresourcesfordifferentuses.Materialsusedforonepurposecannotatthesametimebeusedforotherpurposes:ifthequantityofaninputislimited,theincreaseduseofitinonemanufacturingprocessmustcauseittobecomelessavailableforotheruses.Thecostofaproductintermsofmoneymaynotmeasureitstruecosttosociety.Thetruecostof,say,theconstructionofasupersonicjetisthevalueoftheschoolsandrefrigeratorsthatwillneverbebuiltasaresult.Everyactofproductionusesupsomeofsociety'savailableresources:itmeanstheforegoingofanopportunitytoproducesomethingelse.Indecidinghowtouseresourcesmosteffectivelytosatisfythewantsofthecommunity,thisopportunitycostmustultimatelybetakenintoaccount.Inamarketeconomythepriceofagoodandthequantitysupplieddependonthecostofmakingit,andthatcost,ultimately,isthecostofnotmakingothergoods.Themarketmechanismenforcesthisrelationship.Thecostof,say,apairofshoesisthepriceoftheleather,thelabor,thefuel,andotherelementsusedinproducingthem.However,thepriceoftheseinputs,inturn,dependsonwhattheycanproduceelsewhere—iftheleathercanbeusedtoproducehandbagsthatarevaluedhighlybyconsumers,thepricesofleatherwouldbecorrespondinglyhigher.61．Thispassagemainlydiscussesthefinitenessandvalueofmaterials.A．TUREB．FALSE62．Thecostofaproductintermsofmoneymeasuresitstruecosttosociety.A．TUREB．FALSE63．Therelationshipbetweenproductionandresourcesisthatproductionreducestheamountofavailableresources.A．TUREB．FALSE64．Whatdeterminesthepriceofgoodsinamarketeconomy?65．Usinglandforahouseandforapark,whichonebestreflectsacosttosocietyasdefinedinthepassage?SectionCFewwordsaremorecommonlyusedinourmodernworldthanthewordmodernitself.Themodernityofmanufacturedarticles,ofinstitutions,ofattitudes,ofworksofartisconstantlybroughttoourattention.Weourselvesmaywellbejudgedbywhetherwearemodernornot:indeed,manypeoplegotoconsiderablelengthstomakequitecertainthattheywillbeacceptedasmodern-modernintheirdress,theirbehavior,theirbeliefs.Andyet,wemayask,mustearliergenerationsnothavefeltpreciselythesame?Surelymenthroughouthistorymusthaverecognizedthemselvesasmodern.SurelyinnovatorslikeJuliusCaesar,PetertheGreatorOliverCromwellsawthemselvesasbreakingwiththepast,asestablishinganeworder.Musttheynotalsohavesharedourawarenessofthesignificanceofwhatismodern?Whatismodernisdistinctfromwhatbelongstothepastandmeninearliertimesmusthaveexperiencedthissenseofdistinctiveness.Peoplecannotescape,andneverhavebeenabletoescape,anawarenessofchange.Reflectionwilltellusthatourawarenessofchange,oursenseofdistinctiveness,isverydifferentfromthatofourpredecessors.Changeforusismore,muchmore,thanthechangebroughtaboutbythepassingoftime,byimportanteventsorbytheactionsofoutstandingindividualsorgroupsofpeople.Wemakeuseofchangeandareourselvesapartofaprocessofchange.Changeforushasbecomemodernizationandmodernizationimpliesbothdirectionandconsciousness.Changeissomethingweseek,somethingweattempttocontrolandsomethingthathasnoend.Our"modern"consciousnessofchangeandthisdesiretodirectchangebeganwiththeIndustrialRevolution.Thetermrevolutionisusuallyappliedtoahistoricaleventthatcausesamajorchangeinthought,lifestyles,andidentity.Wecannormallyspeakofatimebeforetherevolutionandatimeaftertherevolution.ButtheIndustrialRevolution,althoughithadabeginning,hasnevercometoanend.Itisaprocessnotyetstopped.Itisaprocesswhichaffectsmoreandmorepeopleinmoreandmoreways.Wemayarguethatitisaprocessdirectedbyhumans.Thewholeprocessis,asyet,beyondcontrolofanyparticularindividualorgroup.Wecandecidethedirectionofmodernizationtosomeextentbutwecannotdecidetohaltit.Thishasledtoadisturbingsituation.Whatweboastofasmodernoruptodatetoday,willbeold-fashionedoroutofdatetomorrow.Thenoisyinsistencethatsomethingismodernoftenconcealsfearoftheknowledgethatitwillinevitablysoonbesuperseded.Again,theveryfactthatmodernizationhasonedirectiononlyandinvolveseverymemberofsocietypermitsonlytwoattitudes:acceptanceorrejection.Thedesiretochangeormodifytheworldweliveinimpliesacceptance,sincetheworldisaworldofchange.Rejectionofmodernizationmay,therefore,leadtoasenseoftheworldasunrealandmeaningless,andthis,inturn,toabreakdown,eitherindividualorsocial.66．Theauthorbelievesthattodaypeopleareoftenassessedbytheir______.67．Peoplecannotescape,andneverhavebeenabletoescape,______.68．Accordingtotheauthor,modernizationisaprocessthat______.69．WhatdoesthepassagesayabouttheIndustrialRevolution?______.A．Unlikeotherrevolutions,itwasaneventwithoutafairlyclearend.B．Unlikeotherrevolutions,itdidnotbringaboutmajorsocialchanges.C．Itwasnotarevolutioninthetruesenseoftheword.D．Itsinfluencewaslimitedtoindustryandeconomy.70．Withlittlechangeofmeaning,thephrase,asyet,inLine7,Paragraph2,couldbereplacedby______.A．ThereforeB．HoweverC．AlreadyD．StillSectionDAlthoughfewwoulddenythatit'sbettertoberichthanpoor,forsomepeoplethequestformoneyissoall-consumingthatitextinguishesallotheraspectsoflife.Thecauseofthecompulsiontomakeenormoussumsofmoneyvarieswiththeindividual,butoftenmoneyisasubstituteforsomethingaperson'slifelacks.(74)Tosome,moneymeanssecurity.Tosome,itmeanspower.Toothersitmeanstheyaregoingtobeabletobuylove,andtoafourthgroupitmeanscompetitionandwinningthegame.Thebeliefthatmoneycanproducethesethingsoftenleadstoinsomnia,heartattacksandproblemswithaspouseorchildren.Atremendousneedforpowerisinvariablythebottomlineforthosedriventomakealotofmoney.Thebiggerthepile,themorepowerfultheythinktheywillfeel.Parentsandfamilybackgroundalsoinfluenceaperson'spursuitofmoney.Manypeoplewhogrewuppoorandthenmadeafortuneliveinfearthattheywillloseit.Othersstriveformoneytocompetewiththeirwealthy,successfulparents.Theywanttobesuccessfulatanyprice.Theydonotfeeltheyshouldenjoywhattheyhaveearned.(75)Makingmoneyforitsownsakecanbeaddictinglikehigh-stakesgambling.Someverywealthypeopleworksomanyhours,sohardandatsuchanintensepacethattheytotallyneglectthemselves.Theydon'teatright.Theydon'tsleepright.Theyjustactasiftheywerepoor,asiftheywerestrugglingtomakeadime.Manywealthypeoplearedrivenbytheneedforapproval.Buttheymaygooutoftheirwaysnottoappearwealthyoutoffearthattheymayreceivelesssupportfromothers.Obsessionwithmoneyisaman'sproblem,butwiththeranksoffemaleexecutivesgrowing,thefeverishquestformoneyisbecomingmoreof"equal-opportunity"problem.Insomeways,womenmayhavethegreatestconflictwithmakingmoney.Insociety'seyes,financialachievementisnotfullysatisfyingforwomen.Theymustalsobesuccessfulasnurturers.Whatismoneyintheauthor'spointofview?72．Whataretheprobableresultsofthewrongbeliefaboutmoney?73．Whatisthebottomlineforthosedriventomakealotofmoney?74．75．ErrorCorrectionDemographicindicatorsshowthatAmericansinthepostwarperiodweremoreeagerthanevertoestablishfamilies.Theyquicklybroughtdowntheageatmarriageforbothmenandwomenandbroughtthebirthratetoatwentiethcenturyheight【M1】______aftermorethanahundredyearsofasteadydecline,producingthe"babyboom."【M2】______Theseyoungadultsestablishedatrendofearlymarriageandrelativelylargefamiliesthatwentformorethantwodecadesandcausedamajorbuttemporary【M3】______reversaloflongtermdemographicpatterns.Fromthe1940sthroughtheearly1960s,Americansmarriedatahighrateandatayoungeragethantheir【M4】______Europencounterparts.【M5】______Lessnotedbutequallymoresignificant,themenandwomenwhoformed【M6】______familiesbetween1940and1960neverthelessreducedthedivorcerateaftera【M7】______postwarpeak:theirmarriagesremainedintacttoagreaterextentthandidthatof【M8】______coupleswhomarriedinearlieraswellaslaterdecades.SincetheUnitedStates【M9】______maintaineditsdubiousdistinctionofhavingthehighestdivorcerateintheworld,t