2023年高考试题-英语(全国卷1)解析版

2023年高考全国卷Ⅰ英语试题解析第二局部英语知识运用〔共两节，总分值45分〕单项填空〔共15小题：每题1分，总分值15分〕从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：We______lastnight,butwewenttotheconcertinstead.A.musthavestudiedB.mightstudyC.shouldhavestudiedD.wouldstudy答案是C。21.—Wouldyouliketojoinmeforaquicklunchbeforeclass?—______,butIpromisedNancytogooutwithher.A.I’dliketo B.Ilikeit. C.Idon’t D.Iwill【标准答案】A。【试题解析】从对话上文可知是答复对方的请求。I’dliketo与上文照应。【高考考点】情景交际。22.—Whatfruitisinseasonnow?—Pearsandapples,______.A.IknowB.IthinkC.IseeD.Ifeel【标准答案】B。.【试题解析】根据对话上文可知,对别人提出问题的发表自己的看法应用Ithink(我认为)【高考考点】在交际中发表自己的看法。23.Theperformance_______nearlythreehours,butfewpeopleleftthetheatreearly. A.covered B.reached C.played D.lasted【标准答案】D。【试题解析】题意是“尽管演出持续了将近3小时，但还是很少有人提前离开。〞last才有“持续〞之意。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。24.Let’slearntousetheproblemwearefacing________astepping-stonetofuturesuccess. A.to B.for C.as D.by【标准答案】C。【试题解析】use…as…把什么东西用做……。【高考考点】介词的用法。use….as…把…….用作…。25.Thelawyerseldomwearsanythingotherthanasuit__________theseason. A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however【标准答案】A。【试题解析】whatever引导让步状语从句，其后省略了itis。题意是“无论什么季节，律师除了穿套装外，很少穿其他衣服〞。【高考考点】whatever引导的表语从句。26.Ilikegettingupveryearlyinsummer.Themorningairissogood_________. A.tobebreathed B.tobreathe C.breathing D.beingbreathed【标准答案】B。【试题解析】breathe和air之间虽然是动宾关系，但good后省略了forme,其逻辑主语是I，故用动词不定式的主动形式。【高考考点】非谓语动词的用法。动词不定式做状语。【易错提醒】A选项易被误选，认为breathe和air之间虽然是动宾关系，就用动词不定式的被动形式。homeworktodoeveryday.Heistoblameforthespoiledboy.这些句子中的不定式都是用的主动形式。27.—HaveyouknownDr.Jacksonforalongtime?—Yes,sinceshe________theChineseSociety. A.hasjoined B.joins C.hadjoined D.joined【标准答案】D。【试题解析】该句完整的句式是：IhaveknownDr.JacksonsinceshejoinedtheChineseSociety.since后跟的时间状语从句要用一般过去时，表示自从过去某个时间发生的动作到现在以来有多长时间了。【高考考点】动词的现在完成时态。cinema.HetoldusthathehadlearnedEnglishfor10years.28.Youaredrivingtoofast.Canyoudrive_________?A.moreslowlyabit B.slowlyabitmore C.abitmoreslowly D.slowlymorebit【标准答案】C。【试题解析】slowly的比拟级是在其前加more，另外比拟级还可以用abit,alittle,alot,even,far,much等修饰。【高考考点】副词的比拟级。far,much等，同时还要注意它们的位置关系。29.Thewetweatherwillcontinuetomorrowwhenacoldfront______toarrive.A.isexpectedB.isexpectingC.expectsD.willbeexpected【标准答案】A。【试题解析】acoldfront〔冷锋〕和expect之间是被动关系，主句是一般将来时，故when引导的时间状语从句应该用一般现在时的被动语态表示将来要被发生的动作。【高考考点】动词时态30.—Whichofthetwocomputergamesdidyouprefer?—ActuallyIdidn’tlike______.A.bothofthemB.eitherofthemC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem【标准答案】B。【试题解析】题意是“这两个网络游戏你喜欢哪一个？说实话我两个都不喜欢。〞not和both表示局部否认。none指三个以上的否认。neither两个都不，前面有don’t，就不能再和neither搭配使用了。要注意区别both,all,neither,either,none的根本用法，同时要注意局部否认和全否认的表达。如：Bothofhissonsareinthearmy.其全否认形式为：Neitherofhissonsisinthearmy.Allofuswenttothecinemayesterday.其完全否认形式是：Noneofuswenttothecinema.【高考考点】不定代词的用法。31.—Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?—Idon’tmindwherewego______there’ssun,seaandbeach.A.asifB.aslongasC.nowthatD.inorderthat【标准答案】B。【试题解析】asif好似，表示方式；aslongas只要；nowthat既然，表示原因；inorderthat为了，表示目的。题意是“你想好去哪儿度暑假呢？只要有阳光，大海和海滩，去哪儿我都没意见。〞除了aslongas引导条件状语从句外，还应掌握if，unless，when,while等也可以引导条件状语从句。【高考考点】aslongas引导的条件状语从句。32.Theweatherwas______coldthatIdidn’tliketoleavemyroom.A.reallyB.suchC.tooD.so【标准答案】D。【试题解析】题意是“天气太冷了我不想离开我的房间。〞so…that…(如此……以致……)引导结果状语从句。【高考考点】so…that..引导结果状语从句。【备考提示】要注意以下几种句型之间的关系：Heissuchalittleboythathecan’ttakecareofhimself.相当于Heissolittleaboythathecan’ttakecareofhimself.也可以说：Heistooyoungtotakecareofhimself.或Heissoyoungthathecan’ttakecareofhimself.33.TheEnglishspokenintheUnitedStatesisonlyslightlydifferentfrom______spokeninEngland.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.theone【标准答案】C。【试题解析】that用来指代前面的名词TheEnglish,以防止重复。题意是“美国英语现和英国英语只有很微小的差异了。〞在英语中，that还常可以用来指代人口、天气、金钱等。如：Theweatherhereishotterthanthatinthenorthofthecountry.【高考考点】代词that的用法。【备考提示】面对这种句式结构较复杂的句子，首先要抓主干。如果spoken前有is，那么B项也成立。34.Afterstudyinginamedicalcollegeforfiveyears,Jane______herjobasadoctorinthecountryside.A.setoutB.tookoverC.tookupD.setup【标准答案】C。【试题解析】setout动身，出发，开始干；takeover接管；takeup从事；setup建立，成立。题意是“在一所医学院学了五年后，Jane在乡下从事医生这项工作。〞【高考考点】动词短语词义辨析。35—Sorry,Imadeamistakeagain.—______.Practicemoreandyou’llsucceed.A.NevermindB.CertainlynotC.NotatallD.Don’tmentionit【标准答案】A。【试题解析】Certainlynot常用来答复别人问是否见意的问题；Notatall和Don’tmentionit.用于别人致谢时的答语。只有Nevermind符合语境。题意是“对不起，我又出错了。没关系，多练习，你就会成功的。〞【高考考点】情景交际用语。考查别人致歉时如何抚慰对方。第二节完形填空(共20小题，每题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，撑握其大意，然后从36—55各题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Afterthebirthofmysecondchild,Igotajobatarestaurant.Havingworkedwithanexperienced36forafewdays,Iwas37towaittablesonmyown.Allwent38thatfirstweek.WhenSaturdaynightcame,Iwasluckily39thetablesnotfarfromthekitchen.40,Istillfeltalittlehardtocarrytheheavytrays(托盘)。BeforeIknewit,the41wasfullofpeople.Imovedslowly,42everystep.Irememberhow43IwaswhenIsawthetraystandnearthetables,itlookeddifferentfromtheoneIwas44on.Ithadnicehandles(手柄)，whichmadeit45tomovearound.Iwaspleasedwitheverythingandbeganto46Iwasanaturalatthisjob.Then,anoldmancametomeandsaid,“Excuseme,dear,mywifeandIloved__47youwork.Itseemsyourtraystandhasbeenvery48toyou,butwearegettingreadyto49now,andmywifeneedsher50back.〞Atfirsthis51didnotgetacross.“Whatwashetalkingabout!〞ThenIgotit.Ihadsetmytraysonhiswife’sorthopedicwalker(助步器).Istoodfrozenasice,butmyfacewas52.Iwantedtogetintoaholeand53.Sincethen,IhavelearnedfrommanymistakessuchastheoneIjust54,Ihavelearnedtobemore55andnottobetoosureofmyself.36.A.managerB.assistantC.cookD.waitress【标准答案】D。【试题解析】前文说在饭店找到一份工作，后文出现了carrytheheavytrays(托盘)，可以可知“我〞是在和有经验的效劳员一起干。【高考考点】名词词义辨析。37.A.promisedB.invitedC.allowedD.advised【标准答案】C。【试题解析】该句前面提到跟随一位有经验的效劳员干了几天，所以就允许自己单独为顾客效劳了。其它几个动词不符合语境意思。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。38.A.wellB.quicklyC.safelyD.wrong【标准答案】A。【试题解析】从下文来看，周日那几天Allwentwellthatfirstweek.“一切都很顺利。〞只是在周末出了一点小状况。【高考考点】副词词义辨析。39A【标准答案】B。【试题解析】题意是“周六晚上，我有幸被给时机在离厨房不远的一张桌子边效劳。〞所以应用give，其它几个动词不合题意。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。40.A.ThereforeB.HoweverC.OtherwiseD.Finally【标准答案】B。【试题解析】从下文的Istillfeltalittlehard可知尽管我给了这样一个时机，但感到有点困难，语意转折了，故用however然而。therefore因此；otherwise否那么；finally最后，这几个词不合语意。【高考考点】副词词义辨析。词的用法。41.A.kitchenB.streetC.restaurantD.table【标准答案】C。【试题解析】既然是在饭店里当效劳员，自然是饭店挤满了顾客，不会在其它地方挤满顾客。【高考考点】名词词义辨析。42.A.mindingB.changingC.takingD.saving【标准答案】A。【试题解析】前文提到饭店里挤满了顾客，所以自己要慢慢移动步子，“留意，留神〞每一步。mind有“注意，留心〞之意。其余几个不合语意。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。43.A.angryB.calmC.sadD.happy【标准答案】D。【试题解析】从空后的内容可知，当时看到的托盘与培训的不一样，有一个漂亮的手柄，很好使，所以感到很快乐。【高考考点】形容词词义辨析。44.A.fixedB.trainedC.loadedD.waited【标准答案】B。【试题解析】fix安装；train接受训练；load装载；wait等候。正式上岗前要经过学习培训，所以答案应为选项B。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。45.A.slowerB.lighterC.quieterD.easier【标准答案】D。【试题解析】正式的托盘与训练的不一样，很容易转动，应选D项。【高考考点】形容词词义辨析。46.A.believeB.agreeC.regretD.pretend【标准答案】A。【试题解析】前文说自己对店里的东西一切都很满意，所以相信自己能自然而然地干好自己的工作，应选A项。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。47.A.lettingB.makingC.watchingD.having【标准答案】C。【试题解析】句意是“我和妻子爱看你工作。〞其它三个是使役动词，意为“让，使〞，不合语意。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。48.A.usefulB.familiarC.unusualD.interesting【标准答案】A。【试题解析】useful有用的；familiar熟悉的；unusual不普通的；interesting有趣的。句意是“好似你的托盘对你很有用。〞【高考考点】形容词词义辨析。49.A.restB.orderC.eatD.leave【标准答案】D。【试题解析】题意是“我们〔就餐完了〕要离开了。〞应选D项。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。50.A.bagB.walkerC.trayD.coat【标准答案】C。【试题解析】该句前局部出现了traystand可知他们是想拿回“我〞误拿的托盘〔助步器的托盘〕。【高考考点】名词词义辨析。51.A.ideaB.praiseC.messageD.need【标准答案】C。【试题解析】idea想法；praise称赞，表扬；message信息；need需要的东西。题意是“起初我没有明白他表达的意思。〞故正确答案为选项C。【高考考点】名词词义辨析。52.A.coldB.fullofjoyC.paleD.onfire【标准答案】D。【试题解析】cold冷；fullofjoy快乐；pale苍白的；onfire着火。题意是“我像冰人一样站在那儿傻眼了，〔因为做错了事〕脸变得通红，像着了火一样。【高考考点】形容词词义辨析。53.A.lieB.hideC.defendD.stay【标准答案】B。【试题解析】从该句前局部Iwantedtogetintoahole可知自己当时因遇而真想找个洞藏起来，应选B项。其余选项与语意不符。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。54.A.repeatedB.discoveredC.correctedD.described【标准答案】D。【试题解析】repeat重说；discover发现；correct改正；describe。纵观全文，作者在描述她以前亲身经历的为难的事情，应选D。【高考考点】动词词义辨析。55.A.carefulB.patientC.honestD.practical【标准答案】A。【试题解析】从作者所描述的内容可知，她的那次失误是因为自己不仔细造成的，所以她要从错误中吸取教训，认真做事，不要对自己太自信。应选A，其它选项不合语意。【高考考点】形容词词义辨析。第三局部阅读理解(共20小题;每题2分，总分值40分)阅读以下短文，从每题所给的四个选项〔A、B、C和D〕中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALastweekmyyoungestsonandIvisitedmyfatherathisnewhomeinTucson,Arizona.Hemovedthereafewyearsago,andIwaseagertoseehisnewplaceandmeethisfriends.Myearliestmemoriesofmyfatherareatall,handsome,successfulmandevotedtohisworkandhisfamily,butuncomfortablewithhischildren.AsachildIlovedhim.HeseemedunhappywithmeunlessIgotstraightA’sandunhappywithmyboyfriendsiftheirfatherswerenotas“successful〞ashewas.WheneverIwentoutwithhimonweekends,Iusedtostruggletothinkupthingstosay,feelingonguard.Onthefirstdayofmyvisit,wewentoutwithoneofmyfather’sfriendsforlunchatanoutdoorcafé.Wewalkedalongthatafternoon,didsomeshopping,ateonthestreettable,andlaughedovermyson’sfunnyfacialexpressions.Gonewasmyfather’scritical(挑剔的)airandstrictrules.WhowasthispersonIknewasmyfather,whoseemedsofriendlyandinterestingtobearound?Whathadheldhimbackbefore?Thenextdaydadpulledouthischildhoodpicturesandtoldmequiteafewstoriesabouthisownchildhood.Althoughourtimestogetherbecameeasierovertheyears,Ineverfeltclosertohimatthatmoment.Aftersomanyyears,I’matlastseeinganothersideofmyfather.Andinsodoing,I’mdelightedwithmynewfriend.Mydad,inhisnewhomeinArizona,isbacktomefromwherehewas.56.Whydidtheauthorfeelbitteraboutherfatherasayoungadult?A.Hewassilentmostofthetime.B.Hewastooproudofhimself.C.Hedidnotlovehischildren.D.Heexpectedtoomuchofher.【标准答案】D。【试题解析】从文章第二段HeseemedunhappywithmeunlessIgotstraightA’sandunhappywithmyboyfriendsiftheirfatherswerenotas“successful〞ashewas.可知作者父亲以前对她要求很严格。如果自己成绩不好，或者男朋友们的父亲不和他一样“成功〞，他就不快乐。【高考考点】细节理解题。57.Whentheauthorwentoutwithherfatheronweekend,shewouldfeel.A.nervousB.sorryC.tiredD.safe【标准答案】A。【试题解析】从文章第二段最后一句WheneverIwentoutwithhimonweekends,Iusedtostruggletothinkupthingstosay,feelingonguard.可知周末自己和父亲出门，自己总是要想好对策，提防着父亲对自己发难。【高考考点】推理判断题。58.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofherfatherafterhervisittoTucson?A.Morecritical.B.MoretalkativeC.Gentleandfriendly.D.Strictandhard-working.【标准答案】C。【试题解析】从第三段的内容Wewalkedalongthatafternoon,didsomeshopping,ateonthestreettable,andlaughedovermyson’sfunnyfacialexpressions.Gonewasmyfather’scritical(挑剔的)airandstrictrules.可知自己和儿子与父亲及他的一位朋友外出后，发现他也再没有以前那种挑剔的神色和严格的规矩，变得有绅士风度和和蔼可亲了。【高考考点】推理判断题。59.Theunderlinedwords“mynewfriend〞inthelastparagraphreferto.A.theauthor’ssonB.theauthor’sfatherC.thefriendoftheauthor’sfatherD.thecaféowner【标准答案】B。【试题解析】时过多年，自己终于发现了父亲的另一面，对父亲有了新的认识。mynewfriend前后都提到了myfather(dad)可知mynewfriend就是作者的父亲。【高考考点】词义猜想题。BMorethan10yearsago,itwasdifficulttobuyatastypineapple(菠萝).ThefruitsthatmadeittotheUKweregreenontheoutsideand,moreoftenthannot,hardwithanunpleasanttastewithin.Thenin1966,theDelMonteGoldpineappleproducedinHawaiifirsthitourshelves.Thenewtypeofpineapplelookedmoreyellowy-goldthangreen.Itwasslightlysofterontheoutsideandhadalotofjuiceinside.Butthemostimportantthingaboutthisnewtypeofpineapplewasthatitwastwiceassweetasthehit-and-misspineappleswehadknown.Innotime,theDelMonteGoldtookthemarketbystorm,rapidlybecomingtheworld’sbest-sellingpineapplevariety,anddeliveringnaturallevelsofsweetnessinthemouth,upuntilthenonlyfoundintinnedpineapple.Innutrition(营养)itwasallgoodnewstoo.ThisnicetastingpineapplecontainedfourtimesmorevitaminC(维生素C)thantheoldgreenvariety.Nutritionistssaidthatitwasnotonlyfullofvitamins,butalsogoodagainstsomediseases.Peoplewereunderstandablyeagertobeabletobuythiswonderfulfruit.Thenewtypeofpineapplewassellingfast,andtheDelMonteGoldpineapplerapidlybecameafixtureintheshoppingbasketofthehealthyeater.Seeingthegrowingmarketforitswinningpineapple,DelMontetriedtokeepmarkettoitself.Butotherfruitcompaniesdevelopedsimilarpineapples.DelMonteturnedtolawforhelp,butfailed.ThosecompaniesarguedsuccessfullythatDelMonte’sattemptstokeepthegoldenpineappleforitselfwerejustawaytoknockthemoutthemarket.本文介绍了一种产于夏威夷的可口的、营养丰富的菠萝。60.Welearnfromthetextthatthenewtypeatpineappleis__________.A.greenoutsideandsweetinsideB.good-lookingoutsideandsoftinsideC.yellowy-goldoutsideandhardinsideD.alittlesoftoutsideandsweetinside【标准答案】D。【试题解析】从文章第二段的语句Thenewtypeofpineapplelookedmoreyellowy-goldthangreen.Itwasslightlysofterontheoutsideandhadalotofjuiceinside.Butthemostimportantthingaboutthisnewtypeofpineapplewasthatitwastwiceassweetasthehit-and-misspineappleswehadknown.可知菠萝是一种外表稍软，里面汁儿很甜的一种水果。【高考考点】推理判断题。61.Whywasthenewtypeofpineapplesellingwell?A.Itwasrichinnutritionandtastednice.B.Itwaslesssweetandgoodforhealth.C.ItwasdevelopedbyDelMonte.D.Itwasusedasmedicine.【标准答案】A。【试题解析】从文章第二段的thisnewtypeofpineapplewasthatitwastwiceassweetasthehit-and-misspineappleswehadknown.以及第三段的Innutrition(营养)itwasallgoodnewstoo.可知这种新品种菠萝不仅味道香甜，而且营养丰富，很快就成了世界上最畅销的菠萝品种。【高考考点】细节理解题62.Theunderlinedword“fixture〞inParagraph3probablyreferstosomething_________.A.thatpeopleenjoyeatingB.thatisalwayspresentC.thatisdifficulttogetD.thatpeopleuseasagift【标准答案】B。【试题解析】从含有该词的句子Thenewtypeofpineapplewassellingfast,andtheDelMonteGoldpineapplerapidlybecameafixtureintheshoppingbasketofthehealthyeater.可知这种菠萝销得快，很快成了健康食客的购物篮中的必不可少的东西。【高考考点】词义猜想题。63.WelearnfromthelastparagraphthatDelMonte_________.A.slowedothercompaniestodeveloppineapplesB.succeededinkeepingthepineappleforitselfC.triedhardtocontrolthepineapplemarketD.plannedtohelptheothercompanies【标准答案】C。【试题解析】从文章最后一段的语句DelMontetriedtokeepmarkettoitself.Butotherfruitcompaniesdevelopedsimilarpineapples.DelMonteturnedtolawforhelp,butfailed.可知DelMonte想单独垄断市场，而且寻求法律帮助结果未果，说明该公司费了很大劲来控制这个菠萝市场。【高考考点】推理判断题。C本文主要讲述如何提高钓到的小鱼放养成活率。Itisoftennecessarytoreleaseafish,thatis,setitfreeaftercatching,becauseitistoosmall,oryoujustdon’twanttotakeithometoeat.Insomecases,releasingfishisagoodmeasurethatwillhelpkeepfishvarietyandbuildtheirpopulationsize.TheDepartmentofGameandInlandFisheries(DGIF)encouragesfishermenwhopracticecatch-and-releasefishingtouseafewsimpleskillswhendoingso.Theadviceprovidedbelowwillhelpmakesurethatthefishyoureleasewillsurvive(存活)tobiteagainanotherday.—Whencatchingafish,playitquicklyandkeepthefishinthewaterasmuchaspossible.Don’t’useanetinlandingthefishandreleaseitquicklytopreventitfromdying.—Holdthefishgently.Donotputyourfingersinitseyes.Don’twipethescales(鱼鳞)offthefishbecauseitmightcauseittodevelopadiseaseandreduceitschanceofsurvival.—Removeyourhook(鱼钩)quickly.Ifthehookistoodeeporhookedinthestomach,cutthelineandleavethehookin.Thehookleftinsidewillcausenoseriousproblemtothefish.—Takegoodcareofthefishbymovingitgentlyinwater.Releasethefishwhenitbeginstostruggleandisabletoswim.—Donotholdfishinabucketorsomeothercontainersandlaterdecidetoreleaseit.Ifyouaregoingtoreleaseafish,dosorightaway.Withalittlecareandbyfollowingthesuggestionsgivenabove,youcangivethereleasedfishabetterchanceofsurvival.64.Peoplesometimessetafishfreeaftercatchingitbecausethey_________A.don’twantittodieB.hopeitwillgrowquicklyC.don’twanttohaveitasfoodD.wanttopracticetheirfishingskills【标准答案】C。【试题解析】从文章第一段的语句Itisoftennecessarytoreleaseafish,thatis,setitfreeaftercatching,becauseitistoosmall,oryoujustdon’twanttotakeithometoeat.可知钓到的鱼太小，不想带回家煮着吃。【高考考点】细节理解题。65.Whichofthefollowingwillprobablymakeafishill?A.Takingthehookoffit.B.Removingitsscales.C.TouchingitsevesD.Holdingitinyourhand.【标准答案】B。【试题解析】从文中第二条建议Don’twipethescales(鱼鳞)offthefishbecauseitmightcauseittodevelopadiseaseandreduceitschanceofsurvival.可知刮掉鱼鳞会让鱼生病，减少成活的时机。【高考考点】细节理解题。66.Aproperwaytoreleaseafishisto_________.A.moveitinwatertillitcanswimB.takethehookoutofitsstomachC.keepitinabucketforsometimeD.letitstrugglealittleinyourhand【标准答案】A。【试题解析】从第四条建议Releasethefishwhenitbeginstostruggleandisabletoswim.可知答案，其余三种情况都是错误的做法。【高考考点】细节判断题。67.Whatisthepurposeofthetest?A.Toshowhowtoenjoyfishing.B.Topersuadepeopletofishlessoften.C.Toencouragepeopletosetfishfree.D.Togiveadviceonhowtoreleasefish.【标准答案】D。【试题解析】从文章第一段最后一句Theadviceprovidedbelowwillhelpmakesurethatthefishyoureleasewillsurvive(存活)tobiteagainanotherday.〔中心句〕及文章最后一段的总结句Withalittlecareandbyfollowingthesuggestionsgivenabove,youcangivethereleasedfishabetterchanceofsurvival.可知写这篇文章的目的是就如何放养钓到的小鱼，使他们的成活率更高提出了一些建议。【高考考点】推测作者的写作意图题。D本文是为旅游爱好者介绍几个度假的好去处。HolidaysHolidayNewsVacancies(空位)nowandintheschoolholidaysatacountryhotelinDevon.Thiscomfortable,friendlyhome-from-homeliesnearthebeautifulquietcountryside,butjustadriveawayfromthesea.Thefoodissimplebutgood.Childrenandpetsarewelcome.Reducedpricesforlowseason.TheSnowdoniaCenterTheSnowdoniaCenterforyoungmountainclimbershasamountainlesson.Thebeginners’costsare￡57foraweek,includingfoodandrooms.Equipmentisincludedexceptwalkingshoes,whichcanbehiredatalowcost.Youmustbeingoodhealthandpreparedtogothroughaperiodofbodyexercises.Thiscouldbethebeginningofalifetimeoflifetimeofmountainclimbingadventure.TheWorldSeaTripofaLifetimeOurWorldSeaTripof2023willbeunlikeanyholidayyouhaveeverbeenonbefore.Insteadofonehotelafteranother,withallitspackingandunpackingwaitingandtraveling,youjustgotobedinonecountryandwakeupinanother.Onboardtheship,youwillbewelltakencareof.Everymealwillbefirst-classandeverycabinlikeyourhome.Duringthetrip,youcanrestondeck(甲板),enjoyyourselfinthegamesroomsandintheeveningdancetoourmusicalteamandwatchourwonderfulplay.Youwillvisitalltheplacesmostpeopleonlydreamabout–fromAcapulcoandHawaiitoTokyoandHongKong.Forafewthousandpounds,allyou’veeverhopedforcanbeyours.Whatcanyoudoifyouliketogoonholidayswithpets?A.ChoosetheholidayinDevon.B.GototheSnowdoniaCentreCJointheWorldSeaTripof2023D.VisitAcapulcoandHawaii【标准答案】A。【试题解析】从文章第一节的语句Childrenandpetsarewelcome.可知在Devon，人们可带自己的宠物去度假。其余三节中均未提及pet一词。【高考考点】细节理解题。InwhatwayistheSnowdoniaCentredifferentfromtheothertwoholidays?A.Itprovideschancesoffamilygatherings.B.Itprovidescustomerswithgoodfood.C.Itoffersasportlesson.D.Itofferscomfortableroom.【标准答案】C。【试题解析】通过三个地方所能提供的活动内容比照，就可知SnowdoniaCentre可以提供amountainlesson。【高考考点】细节判断题。70.WhatisspecialabouttheWorldSeaTripof2023?A.Youcanhavefreemealsondeckeveryday.B.Youcansleeponashipandtourmanyplaces.C.Youwillhavechancestowatchandactinaplay.D.Youhavetodoyourownpackingandunpacking.【标准答案】B。【试题解析】从第三节中的语句Insteadofonehotelafteranother,withallitspackingandunpackingwaitingandtraveling,youjustgotobedinonecountryandwakeupinanother.可知可以睡在船上游览很多地方。【高考考点】细节判断题。71.AttheSnowdoniaCentre,thebeginners’costsof￡57donotcover.A.foodB.roomsC.bodyexercisesD.walkingshoes【标准答案】D。【试题解析】在第二节中的语句Thebeginners’costsare￡57foraweek,includingfoodandrooms.Equipmentisincludedexceptwalkingshoes,whichcanbehiredatalowcost.可知75英镑中不包含鞋的价格，游客可以自己很廉价地租借到。【高考考点】细节理解题。E本文介绍了美国著名的生物学家EdwardWilson的著作TheFutureofLife中的一些有关如何开发、利用和保护自然资源的情况。EdwardWilsonisAmerica’s,ifnottheworld’s,leadingnaturalist.InTheFutureofLife,hetakesusonatouroftheworld’snaturalresources(资源).Howaretheyused?Whathasbeenlost?Whatremainsandisitabletocontinuewiththepresentspeedofuse?Wilsonalsopointsouttheneedtounderstandfullythebiodiversity(生物多样性)ofourearth.Wilsonbeginswithanopenlettertothepioneerinenvironment(环境)protection,HenryDavidThoreau.Hecomparestoday’sWaldenPondwiththatofThoreau’sday.Wilsonwillusesuchcomparisonsfortherestofthebook.Theproblemisclear:manhasdonegreatdamagetohishomeovertheyears.Vantheearth,withhumanhelp,bemadetoreturntobiodiversitylevelsthatwillbeabletosupportusinthefuture?Biodiversity,Wilsonargues,isthekeytosettlingmanyproblemstheearthfacestoday.Evenouragriculturalcropscangainadvantagesfromit.Amerehundredspecies(物种)arethebasisofourfoodsupply,ofwhichbuttwentycarrytheload.Wilsonsuggestschangingthissituationbylookingintotenthousandspeciesthatcouldbemadeuseof,whichwillbeawaytoreducetheclearingofthenaturalhomesofplantsandanimalstoenlargefarmingareas.Attheendofthebook,Wilsondiscussestheimportanceofhumanvaluesinconsideringtheenvironment.Ifyouaretocontinuetoliveontheearth,youmaywellreadandactontheideasinthisbook.72.WelearnfromthetextthatWilsoncaresmostabout______A.theenvironmentforplantsB.thebiodiversityofourearthC.thewastesofnaturalresourcesD.theimportanceofhumanvalues【标准答案】B。【试题解析】推理判断题.【高考考点】文章第一段EdwardWilson的书TheFutureofLife不仅让我们对资源的来龙去脉有一个很好地了解,而且指出“我们有必要对地球的生物多样性有一个充分的了解。〞第三段的语句Biodiversity,Wilsonargues,isthekeytosettlingmanyproblemstheearthfacestoday.也说明了Biodiversity是解决地球面临许多问题的关键。应选B项。73.Howmanyspeciesaremostimportanttoourpresentfoodsupply?A.Twenty.B.Eighty.C.OnehundredD.Tenthousand.【标准答案】。【试题解析】从文章第三段的语句Amerehundredspecies(物种)arethebasisofourfoodsupply,ofwhichbuttwentycarrytheload.对我们的事物供应的物种最重要的有20种。【高考考点】细节理解题。74.Wilsonsuggeststhatonewaytokeepbiodiversityisto_______.A.learnhowtofarmscientificallyB.buildhomesforsomedyingspeciesC.makeitclearwhattoeatD.usemorespeciesforfood【标准答案】D。【试题解析】从文章第三段的语句Wilsonsuggestschangingthissituationbylookingintotenthousandspeciesthatcouldbemadeuseof,whichwillbeawaytoreducetheclearingofthenaturalhomesofplantsandanimalstoenlargefarmingareas.可知Wilson建议保持地球生物多样性的方法之一就是寻求更多的可以利用的物种。【高考考点】细节理解题。75.Wecaninferthatthetextis_______A.adescriptionofnaturalresourcesB.aresearchreportC.abookreviewD.anintroductiontoascientist.【标准答案】C。【试题解析】从文章开头的InTheFutureofLife,hetakesusonatouroftheworld’snaturalresources(资源).到结尾处的Attheendofthebook,Wilsondiscussestheimportanceofhumanvalues…可知该文是介绍一本书的内容。【高考考点】推理判断题。第二卷第四局部写作〔共两节，总分值35分〕第一节短文改错〔共10小题，每题1分，总分值10分〕DearAlice,Ihavejustgotsomegoodmewstotelltoyou.76.______Iwinanationalprizeforpaintinglastweek.77.______Myfatherwassopleasingthathesuggested78.______IgotoEnglandforaholiday.I’dliketostaying79.______Thereforhalfamonth,visitingplaceofinterest80.______O