名词要点精讲

名词要点精讲

名词是高考的热点和难点。从语法和词汇两个方面来考察其用法，在单项选择、完形、改错中都可感知高考中名词的考查点。名词的分类（重点在于分清可数名词和不可数名词及词类）

二.名词的数：I.可数名词的复数形式1.规则变化说明词尾的加法例词一般情况加-sboots,houses以s,x,ch结尾加-eswatches,brushes（N：stomachs）多数情况下加es(以辅音字母加o结尾)tomatoes,potatoes,heroes以o结尾外来词或缩略词或以oo结尾的词，加sphotos,pianos,zoos以y结尾以辅音字母加结尾，变y为i，加esstories,factories元音字母加y结尾，直接加stoys,boys变f或fe

为v,加esknives,wives,leaves以f或fe结尾直接加sroofs,beliefs,proofs两种方法均可handkerchiefs,handkerchieves2.不规则变化A．改变元音字母：tooth-teeth,goose-geeseB．变词尾:child-children,ox-oxenC．单复数相同：sheep,deer,fish,ChineseD.合成词：①sister-in-law复数为sister-in-laws②mandoctor复数为mendoctors③passer-by复数为passers-by④Englishman复数为EnglishmenE.只有复数形式的词。clothes,trousers,shoes,shorts,goods,glassesF.形式上为复数，但意义却是单数的词：news,politics,

mathsG.形式上为单数，意义上却是复数的词：people,cattle,policeII．不可数名词：一般没有单复数之分，包括抽象名词，物质名词和专有名词。一定要认清不可数名词,以免误用。三.名词词类的转化。这是高考的命题热点。1．物质名词转化为可数名词。Hepreferscoffeetotea.(泛指的咖啡，不可数)---Whatwouldyouliketodrink?---Acoffee,please.（一杯咖啡）LongjingisafamousteainChina.(茶的种类,可数)2.抽象名词转化为可数名词。Failureisthemotherofsuccess.(失败与成功在此为抽象概念）Asateacher,sheisasuccess,butasamother,sheis

afailurebecauseshedevoteslittletimetolookingafterherchild(成功者，失败者，可数)Manypeopleagreethat____knowledgeofEnglishisamustin___internationaltradetoday.a;不填B.the;anC.the,the

D.不填;the(A)四.名词的格属格形式应用场合举例用在表示有生命的名词后TomandMike'sroom(两人共有)Tom'sandMike'srooms(两人分别所有)用在时间名词后threeweek'sleave,today'spaper's属格用在距离,长度名词后twentymiles'journey用在地点名词后China'sindustry用在天体名词后theearth'ssurface用在价格名词后adollar'sworthof属格用在表无生命事物名词后thedoorofourclassroom双重属格名词前有a,some,any,few,no,several等词修饰时afriendofmybrother'sseveralclassmatesofhis五.名词功用中定语的用法。1．有些名词没有相同意义的形容词形式,因此常直接以该名词作为定语，来修饰另一名词。letterbox信箱,mathematicsstudents数学专业的学生2．名词修饰名词用单数形式。

streetlights街灯phonebooks电话簿高考题选1.Myparentsalwaysletmehavemyown____ofliving.(1999.上海25)

A.wayB.method

C.manner

D.fashion

2.Thenewlawwillcomeinto___onthedayitispassed.(1999上海)

A.effect

B.useC.serviceD.existence

3.Wehaveworkedouttheplanandnowwemustputitinto___.(NMET199738)

A.fact

B.reality

C.practice

D.deed4.We'vemissedthelastbus.I'mafraidwehaveno____buttotakeataxi.(MET1993,33)

A.wayB.choiceC.possibilityD.selection

5.Hedroppedthe___andbrokeit.(Met1993,38)

A.cupofcoffee

B.coffee‘scup

C.cupforcoffee

D.coffeecup

6.Here‘smycard.Let’skeepin____.(NMET1994,33)

A.touch

B.relation

C.connection

D.friendship

7.Hegainedhis___byprinting___offamouswriters.(NMET1995,40)

A.wealth;work

B.wealths;works

C.wealths;workD.wealth;works

8.I'lllookintothematterassoonaspossible,justhavealittle___.(MET1996,10)

A.waitB.timeC.patienceD.rest

9.Ifbyanychancesomeonecomestoseeme,askthemtoleavea____.(NMET1997,18)

A.messageB.letterC.sentenceD.notice

10.Thesefootballplayershadnostrict___untiltheyjoinedourclub.(1997.上海20)

A.practiceB.educationC.exerciseD.training

11.Manycountriesareincreasingtheiruseofnaturalgas,windandotherformsof___.(1996.上海.15)

A.energy

B.source

C.power

D.material

12.You'llfindthismapofgreat__inhelpingyoutogetroundLondon.(NMET199821)

A.p