浙江省杭嘉湖金四县区2021-2022学年高二下学期5月份调研测试英语试题（解析版）

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2022年5月杭嘉湖金四县区调研测试

高二年级英语学科试题

考生须知：

1.本卷共10页满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

2.答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。

3.所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效。

4.考试结束后，只需上交答题纸。

第I卷(共95分)

第一部分考试听力

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.Whattimewillthewomanbeattheparty?

A.Atabout8:30p.m.B.Atabout8:00p.m.C.Atabout7:30p.m.

2.Whenwilltheman’ssistercomebackhome?

A.InearlyJune.B.InearlyJuly.C.InearlyAugust.

3.WhywasthemaninNewYork?

A.Hewasonvacation.

B.Hewasvisitinghisuncle.

C.Hewasonabusinesstrip.

4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthelecture?

A.Interestingbuttoolong.

B.Excitingbuttooshort.

C.Tooshortandboring.

5.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Inanoffice.B.Inanapartment.C.Inanelevator.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whydoesn’tthewomannormallydrinkcoffee?

A.Becauseofitstaste.B.Becauseofitseffect.C.Becauseofitssmell.

7.Howdoesthemanlikehiscoffee?

A.Withnothingadded.B.Withsugarinit.C.Withmilkinit.

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatdoesthewomanoftenhaveforlunch?

A.Leftoverfromthenightbefore.

B.Saladmadebyherself.

C.Foodfromrestaurants.

9.Whendoesthewomanwashtheingredients?

A.Inthemorning.B.Atnoon.C.Intheevening.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.Friendsatschool.

B.Brotherandsister.

C.Shopkeeperandcustomer.

11.Whatshoesizedoesthewomanwear?

A.34.B.36.C.38.

12.Howmucharetheshoesonlineatthemoment?

A.$90.B.$100.C.$110.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman’sapartment?

A.Itdoesn’thaveabathroom.B.It’sinbadcondition.C.Ithastwobedrooms.

14.Howmanyapartmentsdoestheman’scompanyhaveforrent?

A.200.B.500.C.700.

15.Whatmightmatterthemosttothewomanaboutrentinganapartment?

A.Theprice.B.Thesize.C.Thelocation.

16.Whatmightthewomanbe?

A.Aprofessor.B.Astudent.C.Anagent.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.Whydofarmersplaysoftmusicforcows?

A.Tomakethemproducemoremilk.

B.Tomakethembecomehealthier.

C.Tomakethemgetfatter.

18.Howshouldagoodbosstreathisworkersaccordingtothespeaker?

A.Byreducingtheirstress.

B.Bygivingthemmoremoney.

C.Bymakingtheirworktimeshort.

19.Howmanyworkerstookpartinthesurvey?

A.46.B.700.C.2million.

20.Whenshouldabosspraisehisworkersaccordingtothespeaker?

A.Whentheywanttodomorework.

B.Whentheyhavedonetheirworkwell.

C.Whentheyfinishtheirworkaheadoftime.

第二部分阅读理解

第一节（共10个小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Momhadreadaboutgeraniums(天竺葵)inamagazine—pretty,easytogrow—and,shebecamepossessedwithavisionofahousefloodedwithflowers.Shesprangintoactionandstartedtogrowthementhusiastically.Shecouldbelikethat:mymotheralwayshadsuddenburstsofcreativity.

Momtransformedthebackyardintoaflowerfactory,crowdedwithpotsandplantsandbagsofsoil.Shecalledformyhelp,andwearrangedtherootsoftheflowersinelegantcontainers.Itwastheripeheightofsummer.Momworelonggardeningglovesoverherhands.Shehadboughtmeglovestoo,butIrefusedtowearthem.Sheburstwithannoyance.Forhalfanhourshewouldnottalktome,butthenshesoftened,soengagedinthecompletionofherprojectthatsheforgotmyoffence,orperhapsforfearthatImightabandontheprojectaltogether.

Sheneedn’thaveworried.Iwouldn’tleave.Itwasararechancetospendtimewithmymotherwithoutthepressureofspeakingtooneanother.Wecouldcrouch(蹲下)sidebyside,ourattentionontheplants.AlthoughIwasherdaughter,weoftenstruggledtocommunicatewitheachotherasthoughwewerestrangersorbeginnersofalanguage.Iwantedtolearnherlanguage,ifonlytobetterunderstandherandtoincreasethechancesofherunderstandingme.TherewassomuchIlongedtotellher,butIalsofearedthatifIstarted,othermattersnotmeanttobespokenmightleapout.Betternottorisktheopening.Overthecourseofourthreedays,Iwoulddreamofseeingagreatgeraniumwithitsrootbareduntilmyhandsarrivedfullofsoiltocoveritbackup.

Whenalltheflowerswerereadyintheirdecoratedpots,Momspentafourthdaydistributingthemthroughthehouse,movingawoodenstandhereandnowthere,thereandnowhere,untilatlasteverygeraniumwasmovedintothehouseandshecollapsedontothesofa.Flowersateveryturn.

1.Theauthorprobablyviewedhermother’sdecisiontoplantthegeraniumsas______.

A.worthwhile B.unsurprising

C.disappointing D.significant

2.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthetext?

A.Thedaughterhadmixedemotionsabouthermother.

B.Thedaughterwasveryannoyedathermother’scriticism.

C.Momwasoftenreadytoapproachandunderstandthedaughter.

D.Momwasoffendedbecausethedaughterquittheplantingproject.

3.WecanlearnfromthelastparagraphthatMom______.

A.wastiredoftheplantscrowdingthehouse

B.wasgratefulforthehelpfromherdaughter

C.wascarefulwiththefinalplacementoftheplants

D.wasdiscouragedfromarrangingthepotsallbyherself

Twenty-threestatesrequirehighschoolerstotakethesubject,andmorecouldjointheminanefforttoboostthenextgeneration’sfinancialliteracy(理财素养).Thenumberofstatesrequiringhighschoolerstolearnaboutpersonalmoneymatterscontinuedtotickhigherin2021,andanotherstate—Florida—isreadytojointhegroupshortly.InFlorida,alawhasbeenpassedtorequirestudentstotakeacourseinpersonalfinancebeforegraduating.

“FinancialconcernshavebeenheightenedbytheCovid-19pandemic(大流行病),andrisinginflation(通货膨胀)istighteninghouseholdbudgets.Thosefactors,combinedwithcontinualworriesaboutburdensomestudentdebtlevelsandshakyretirementsecurity,havecreatedastrongercaseformakingpersonalmoneyskillsapriorityforhighschoolers,whoaresoontomakedecisionsaboutcollegeloansorfindingajob,”anadvocateforfinancialliteracysaid.

Financialliteracy—aknowledgeofconceptslikesaving,credit,interestrates,investingandriskassessment—isgenerallylowamongAmericanyoungadults,accordingtoarecentreportfromtheTeachersInsuranceandAnnuityAssociationofAmericaInstitute.Two-thirdsofGenerationZ,membersbornbetween1997and2012,forexample,couldn’tcorrectlyanswermorethanhalfthefinancialquestionsinthesurvey,whichcomparedfinancialliteracyacrossfivegenerations.

“ThepandemichasshownacriticalneedfortheaverageAmericantohavetheseskills,”saidTimRanzetta,co-founderofNextGenPersonalFinance.“State-levelsurveysconductedforNextGenhavefoundstrongsupportforhighschoolpersonalfinancerequirements,”Mr.Ranzettasaid,“anddozensofproposalshavebeenpresentedtothelaw-makingbodiesinthegovernment.It’suncertainhowmanywillbecomelaw,butarequirementinalargestatelikeFloridaislikelytopropelotherstates’efforts.”Healsosaid,“TherewillbeaFOMO(FearofMissingOut)effect.”

4.Whatmakesfinancialliteracynecessaryforhighschoolers?

A.Theriskofretiringindebt.

B.Theneedtohuntforsatisfyingjobs.

C.Thefinancialpressureofacollegeeducation.

D.Thefinancialworriesworsenedbythepandemic.

5.TheauthormentionsGenerationZinparagraph3asanexample______.

A.toencourageAmericanpeopletosavemoney

B.toemphasizetheimportanceoffinancialsupport

C.topersuadetheyoungergenerationoutofinvesting

D.toshowthelackoffinancialliteracyamongyoungadults

6.Whichcanbestreplacetheword“propel”inthelastparagraph?

A.Combine. B.Promote. C.Waste. D.Require.

7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.ThepandemichashadabadeffectontheeconomyintheUSA.

B.Thegovernmentshouldpasslawstofightagainsttherisinginflation.

C.Learningaboutpersonalmoneymattershasbeenaburdenforstudents.

D.Personalfinancearebeingbroughttotheclassroomforthenextgeneration.

Thesweatyourfingertipsproducewhileyousleepcouldhelppowerthenextgenerationofwearablesensors(传感器).Thesesensorscanmeasureglucose(葡萄糖),VitaminC,orotherhealthindicators.That’sthepromiseofanewadvance—athindevicethatwrapsaroundyourfingertipslikeaBand-Aid.Itscreatorssaythatitisthemostefficientsweat-poweredenergyharvesteryet.

“Theabilitytoharvesttinyamountsofsweatfromthefingertipsisreallyunique,”saysRoozbehGhaffari,aresearcheratNorthwesternUniversity.

Researchersaroundtheworldarecurrentlydevelopingwearablesensorstomeasureanythingfromarunner’saccelerationtoapatient’sglucoselevels.

However,whatpreventsthesesensorsfromwidespreaduseishowtopowerthemcontinually.Batteriesarelarge,heavyandshort-lived,andsolarpowerdoesn’tworkatnight.Morerecently,researchershavelookedtothehumanbodyitselftogeneratepower.

LuYin,ascientistwiththeUniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,andhisteamturnedtofingertipsweat.Ourfingertipsarehometothehighestconcentrationofsweatglands(腺体)onourbodies.Theymakesweatconstantly,regardlessofwhetheryou’reexercisingornot.Wetypicallydon’tnoticethissweatbecauseitdisappearsalmostinstantly.

Thenewdevice,reportedinJoule,isjustonesquarecentimeterinsize.Itcapturessweatandcangenerate300millijoules(毫焦耳)ofenergypersquarecentimeterduringanight’ssleep.Thisisenoughtopowerawatchforaday.What’smore,ifapersonwearingthedevicepressestwofingerstogether,itcanproduce30millijoulespersquarecentimeter.TheselittleburstsofenergyareenoughtopowerawearableVitaminCsensor.

“Itallowstheusertocontinuouslyharvestenergyfromthehumanbody,”saysWeiGao,amedicalengineerattheCaliforniaInstituteofTechnology.“Fromapowerpointofview,thismakeswearablesensorsmorepractical.”

Wearablesensorsarestillintheearlystagesofdevelopment,butresearchlikethisishelpingtopushthemtowardbecominganeverydayreality,Ghaffarisays.

8.Whatisuniqueaboutthesweat-poweredenergyharvester?

A.Itisfairlyeasyandcomfortabletowear.

B.Itispoweredbyalargeandsustainablebattery.

C.Itcanharvestsmallquantitiesofsweatfromfingertips.

D.ItcanmeasurehealthindicatorssuchasglucoseandVitaminC.

9.Whatdothenumbersinparagraph6suggest?

A.Thenewdeviceiseasytooperate.

B.Thenewdevicerequireslittlespacetowork.

C.Thenewdeviceisefficientingeneratingenergy.

D.Thenewdevicecancontinuouslyharvestenergy.

10.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.MakingGoodUseofYourSweatyFingers

B.YourFingertipsConstantlyProduceSweat

C.ImprovingYourHealthwithanewDevice

D.WearableSensorsHaveBecomeaReality

第三部分七选五

第二节（共5个小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Haveyoueverfelttheneedtobealoneforawhile?Idon’tmeansituationswhenyoushouldbealone,butoccasionswhereyouarewithagroupofpeopleatapartyorarestaurant.Yougettiredofjumpingfromconversationtoconversation,andyourmindstartstowandertowardsthatinterestingbookyoulefthalfwaydone,orthatmovieyouhavebeenmeaningtowatch.___11___Nowbeforeyourushtodefense,pleaseunderstandthatbeinganintrovert(内向的人)iscompletelynormal.

Acommonmisunderstandingaboutintrovertsisthattheyarelonersoranti-social.___12___Theyhavefriends,probablynotasmanyasextroverts(外向的人),butenoughtosuittheirneedsforhumaninteraction.Scientifically,allhumansfallsomewherebetweenbeinganintrovertandbeinganextrovert,andatleast25percentofusareintroverts.

___13___Therefore,theabilitytonetworkisextremelyvaluable.Ofcourse,sometimesintrovertsmightbeascapableoftalkingwithpeopleasextroverts,butsometimestheyhavetoforcethemselvestoengagewithothersinorderto“fitin”.Whileextrovertsfeelcomfortableshakinghandsandmakingjokes,introvertsgetincreasinglyexhausted.___14___Fortheintroverted,tocontinueinthisawkwardsituationcouldreallyendupbringingthemharm,withindividualsreportingtosufferfromlossofsleep,panicattacksanddepression.

___15___Theyformdeepthoughts,conductthemselvescarefully,andpaysignificantattentiontodetail.So,forthebestresultsinaprojectinvolvinggroupwork,bothintrovertsandextrovertsareneeded.

A.Societyappearstofavorextroverts.

B.Mostintroverts,however,arejustregularpeople.

C.Thesearefeelingsusuallytypicalofanintrovert.

D.Introvertstendtorecoverbyspendingtimealone.

E.Youmighthaveignoredthat“strange”thoughtyouhadbefore.

F.Introverts,justlikeextroverts,havetheirownsetofadvantages.

G.Evenifstandingaloneforawhile,theygetasked“Whyareyouallbyyourself?”

第四部分完形填空

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Sixteen-year-oldBrennonhadrecoveredfromsomanytripstothehospitalthathismother,Megan,thoughtthiswouldbejustonemoretrip.Sincebirth,Brennonhadbeen___16___fromhydrocephalus(脑积水).Whenevertherewasa___17___ofaheadache,thefamilywouldheadtothehospital,havethefluidreleased,andgohome.___18___thistime,thatdidn’thappen.

Onarrivalatthehospital,Brennon’spainwasextreme.ACTscan___19___thathisbrainhadturnedblack.Inthenextweek,Brennon’s___20___continuedtoworsen.___21___,hisbrainactivitystopped.

Then,amiraclehappened___22___aprocessthatsavesorgansfortransplant(移植)aftertheheartstopsbeating.Brennonsavedfour___23___withhisliver,kidneysandheart.

Brennonwantedto___24___acareerasadoctor.Instead,hewasabletosavelivesasanorgandonor.Healsoimprovedmanymorelivesthroughthe_____25_____ofhistissues.“Brennonwasagivingkid,”Megansaid.“Iknewthedonationswerewhathewouldhave_____26_____.”

Whilethe_____27_____ofBrennonisstillupsettingforhisfamily,Meganhasbeen_____28_____byhowmanyfriendshavereachedouttotellherwhata_____29_____personhewas.

ShortlyafterBrennon’sdeathanddonations,hishighschoolEnglishteacher_____30_____Megan.She’dbeen_____31_____papersandfoundsomethingBrennonwrotewhenhewas14onthesubject“yourfavoritehumanquality”.Brennoncompletedtheassignmentwithsomesimpleandbeautiful_____32_____:“Selflessness.Caringaboutothersis_____33_____.Caringforotherpeopleiswhathelpsussurvive.”

Today,manypeoplearesurvivingandthriving—thankstoBrennon’s_____34_____andhisfamily’sgenerosity.Hislegacy(遗产)of_____35_____liveson.

16.A.suffering B.relieving C.recovering D.benefiting

17.A.sight B.sign C.thought D.treatment

18.A.Or B.And C.So D.But

19.A.reminded B.witnessed C.revealed D.predicted

20.A.pressure B.reputation C.crisis D.condition

21.A.Initially B.Constantly C.Ultimately D.Temporarily

22.A.thanksto B.inspiteof C.exceptfor D.regardlessof

23.A.organs B.lives C.species D.generations

24.A.support B.quit C.pursue D.avoid

25.A.devotion B.connection C.expansion D.donation

26.A.collected B.rejected C.remembered D.chosen

27.A.memory B.choice C.loss D.change

28.A.appreciated B.comforted C.disturbed D.entertained

29.A.fortunate B.special C.careful D.modest

30.A.impressed B.recognized C.contacted D.received

31.A.goingthrough B.gettingover C.handingout D.passingdown

32.A.words B.characters C.letters D.symbols

33.A.demanding B.important C.surprising D.practical

34.A.gifts B.expectations C.faith D.honor

35.A.determination B.courage C.honesty D.selflessness

第II卷(共55分)

第五部分语法填空

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Itwasin1982.StevenCallahan___36___(cross)theAtlanticaloneinhissailboatwhenitstrucksomethingandsank.Hewasoutoftheshippinglanesandfloatinginaliferaft,alone.Hissupplieswerefew.Hischancesweresmall.Yetwhenthree___37___(fisherman)foundhimseventy-sixdayslater,hewasalive—much___38___(skinny)thanhewaswhenhestarted,butalive.

Thethingthatcaughtmyeyewashowhemanagedtokeephimselfgoingwhenallhopeseemedlost,whenthereseemednopointin___39___(continue)thestruggle,whenhewassufferinggreatly,whenhislifeboatwasbrokenwithaholeandaftermorethanaweekstruggling___40___(fix)itwithhisweakbody,itwasstillleakingair.Hewasstarvedand___41___(thorough)exhausted.Givingupwouldhaveseemedtheonlywisechoice.

Whenpeoplesurvivethesekindsofcircumstances,theydosomethingwiththeirminds___42___getsthemencouragedtokeepgoing.Manypeopleinsimilarcircumstancesgiveinorgomad.Somethingthesurvivorsdowiththeirthoughtshelpsthemfind___43___couragetocarryoninspiteofoverwhelmingodds.

“Itell___44___(me)Icanhandleit,”wroteCallahaninhisstory.“Comparedto____45____othershavebeenthrough,I’mfortunate.”

第六部分书面表达

46.假定你是李华，你校学生会举办了一次以“阅读伴我成长”为主题的读书分享会，请你给校英文报写一篇报道。内容包括：

1.活动时间、地点；

2.活动内容；

3.活动意义。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

第七部分读后续写

47.阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。

Sophiewasdressedandallreadyforherveryfirstdancerecital(舞蹈表演).Whenshestarteddanceclasslastyear,shedidn’tknowabouttherecital.Sheheardpeopletalkabouttherecitalbutshedidn’tknowwhatitwas.Therecitalwasachanceforalloftheparentsandgrandparentstoseethedancestudentsdance.ItwasatthehighschooleveryyearandSophiewasgoingtodanceonthestageinfrontofeveryone.Shedidnotlikethethoughtofthat.Itscaredher.

Yesterdayshepracticedherdanceforthefirsttimeonthestage.Therewereonlyafewmomswatchingsoitwasn’ttoobad.Butthethoughtofdancinginfrontoflotsofpeopletonightwasreallyscary.

“Allreadytogo?”Momasked.

“Yes.Iguess,”Sophiesaid.

“Youdon’tsoundlikeyouareready.What’swrong?”

“Idon’tknow.Idon’tfeelsogood.I’mkindofafraid.”

MomsatontheedgeofSophie’sbed.“RememberyesterdaywhenyoupracticedandIwasrightinthefrontrow?Youdidjustfine!”

“Buttodaytherewillbesomanypeople!”

“Whenyougooutonthestage,youjustlookrightwhereIwassittingyesterday.Iwillbeinthatsameseat.Youjustlookatmeanditwillbejustlikeyesterday!Let’sgo!”

“Whatabouttherestofthefamily?”

“Theyarecomingintheothercar.Wehavetobetherealittleearly.”

Sophiethoughtaboutwhathermomsaidallthewaytothehighschool.Momwasalwaysright,butSophiewasn’tsureaboutthistime.Shestillhatedthethoughtofdancinginfrontofallthosepeople.

WhenitwastimeforhertodanceSophiethoughtaboutwhatMomtoldher.ShesurehopedMomwasright.Herbellyfeltlikebutterflieswereflyinginsideit.Themusicbegantoplay.

注意：

1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；

2.应至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph1:

Shefollowedtheothergirlsinherclassontothestageandtookherplace.

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Paragraph2:

Afterthedance,SophieranuptoMominthehall.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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【答案】1-5ABCAC6-10BABCA11-15CCBBA16-20BAACB

【解析】略

【答案】1.B2.A3.C

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了妈妈在一本杂志上读到过天竺葵，十分漂亮且容易种植，她被一幅满是鲜花的房子的景象迷住了，于是立即行动起来，最后将满屋装饰得花团锦簇。

1.推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后两句“Shesprangintoactionandstartedtogrowthementhusiastically.Shecouldbelikethat:mymotheralwayshadsuddenburstsofcreativity.”（她立即行动起来，开始热情地种植它们。她可能是这样的：我的母亲总是突然迸发出创造力。）可知，母亲种植天竺葵的行为是符合她人物个性的，我也就是不足为奇的。故选B项。

2.推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“TherewassomuchIlongedtotellher,butIalsofearedthatifIstarted,othermattersnotmeanttobespokenmightleapout.”（我有那么多话想对她说，但我又担心，一旦开口，其他不该说的事情就会蹦出来。）可知，我想和母亲诉说感情，但怕引起冲突，可得出我对母亲有着复杂的感情和情绪。故选A项。

3.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“Whenalltheflowerswerereadyintheirdecoratedpots,Momspentafourthdaydistributingthemthroughthehouse,movingawoodenstandhereandnowthere,thereandnowhere,untilatlasteverygeraniumwasmovedintothehouseandshecollapsedontothesofa.”（所有的花都在装饰好的花盆里准备好了，妈妈第四天又将花重新在屋子里摆弄起来，把一个木架从这里移到那里，从那里移到这里，直到最后天竺葵都搬进屋子里，她倒在沙发上。）可知，母亲对植物的最后放置是非常小心和仔细的。故选C项。

【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.D

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍美国23个州要求高中生学习理财，还有更多的州可以加入他们的行列，以提高下一代的理财素养。

4.细节理解题。根据文章第二段““FinancialconcernshavebeenheightenedbytheCovid-19pandemic(大流行病),andrisinginflation(通货膨胀)istighteninghouseholdbudgets.Thosefactors,combinedwithcontinualworriesaboutburdensomestudentdebtlevelsandshakyretirementsecurity,havecreatedastrongercaseformakingpersonalmoneyskillsapriorityforhighschoolers,whoaresoontomakedecisionsaboutcollegeloansorfindingajob,”anadvocateforfinancialliteracysaid.”（新冠疫情加剧了财务担忧，不断上升的通胀正在收紧家庭预算。这些因素，再加上对沉重的学生债务水平和不稳定的退休保障的持续担忧，已经形成了一个更有力的理由，让个人理财技能成为高中学生的优先事项，他们很快就会对大学贷款或找工作做出决定，”一名金融知识倡导者说。）可知，由于疫情加剧了对财政的担忧，所以理财技能成为了高中生的必需事项。故选D项。

5.推理判断题。根据文章第三段最后一句“Two-thirdsofGenerationZ,membersbornbetween1997and2012,forexample,couldn’tcorrectlyanswermorethanhalfthefinancialquestionsinthesurvey,whichcomparedfinancialliteracyacrossfivegenerations.”（例如，1997年至2012年出生的一代人（Z）中，有三分之二的人不能正确回答调查中一半以上的金融问题。这项调查比较了五代人的金融知识水平。）可知，文章第三段提到GenerationZ的原因是为了展示显示年轻人缺乏财务知识。故选D项。

6.词句猜测题。根据文章第一段最后一句“InFlorida,alawhasbeenpassedtorequirestudentstotakeacourseinpersonalfinancebeforegraduating.”（在佛罗里达州，一项法律已经通过，要求学生在毕业前学习个人理财课程。）以及最后一段画线词该句的“It’suncertainhowmanywillbecomelaw,butarequirementinalargestatelikeFloridaislikelytopropelotherstates’efforts.”Healsosaid,“TherewillbeaFOMO(FearofMissingOut)effect.””（目前还不确定有多少会成为法律，但像佛罗里达这样大州的要求可能会propel其他州的努力。”他还说，“会有FOMO（害怕错过）效应。”）可推知，其他州可能不想错过佛罗里达州的行动，画线词propel是指，弗罗里达州相关法律的通过会推动（Promote）其他州的继续努力。故选B项。

7.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段第一句“Twenty-threestatesrequirehighschoolerstotakethesubject,andmorecouldjointheminanefforttoboostthenextgeneration’sfinancialliteracy(理财素养).”（23个州要求高中生学习理财，还有更多的州可以加入他们的行列，以提高下一代的理财素养。）可知，本文主要是在介绍个人理财正被带入下一代的课堂。故选D项。

【答案】8.C9.C10.A

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以像创可贴一样缠绕在你的指尖上的可穿戴式传感器，可以通过睡觉时指尖分泌的汗水来测量葡萄糖、维生素C或其他健康指标。

8.细节理解题。根据文章第二段““Theabilitytoharvesttinyamountsofsweatfromthefingertipsisreallyunique,”saysRoozbehGhaffari,aresearcheratNorthwesternUniversity.(“从指尖获取少量汗水的能力真的是独一无二的，”西北大学的研究人员RoozbehGhaffari说)”结合上文可知，这种以汗水为动力的能量采集器最特别的地方在于它可以从指尖收集少量的汗液。故选C项。

9.推理判断题。根据文章第六段最后两句“What’smore,ifapersonwearingthedevicepressestwofingerstogether,itcanproduce30millijoulespersquarecentimeter.TheselittleburstsofenergyareenoughtopowerawearableVitaminCsensor.(更重要的是，如果一个人戴着这个装置，把两根手指合在一起，每平方厘米可以产生30毫焦耳。这些微小的能量爆发足以为一个可穿戴的维生素C传感器供电)”结合全段可推知，第六段的数字主要是表明这种新装置发电效率高。故选C项。

10.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段一、二句“Thesweatyourfingertipsproducewhileyousleepcouldhelppowerthenextgenerationofwearablesensors(传感器).Thesesensorscanmeasureglucose(葡萄糖),VitaminC,orotherhealthindicators.(你睡觉时指尖分泌的汗水可以为下一代可穿戴传感器提供动力。这些传感器可以测量葡萄糖、维生素C或其他健康指标)”结合全文可知，本文主要是在介绍一种以指尖汗水为动力的可穿戴式采集器。由此可知，A选项“MakingGoodUseofYourSweatyFingers(好好利用你出汗的手指)”作为标题最为合适。故选A项。

【答案】11.C12.B13.A14.G15.F

【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要对内向的人进行了相关解读和介绍。

11.根据空处上句“Yougettiredofjumpingfromconversationtoconversation,andyourmindstartstowandertowardsthatinterestingbookyoulefthalfwaydone,orthatmovieyouhavebeenmeaningtowatch.（你厌倦了从一个话题跳到另一个话题，你的思想开始徘徊在那本有趣的书上，或者你一直想看的电影上。）”可知，这里是在介绍内向者的某些典型特征，而C项“Thesearefeelingsusuallytypicalofanintrovert.（这些都是典型的内向者的感觉。）”是对上句的总结和承接。故选C项。

12.根据空处上句“Acommonmisunderstandingaboutintrovertsisthattheyarelonersoranti-social.（对内向者的一个常见误解是，他们是孤独者或反社会者。）”可知，B选项“Mostintroverts,however,arejustregularpeople.（然而，大多数内向的人只是普通人。）”和上句均是对内向者的一种解读，且互为转折关系。故选B项。

13.根据空处后两句“Therefore,theabilitytonetworkisextremelyvaluable.Ofcourse,sometimesintrovertsmightbeascapableoftalkingwithpeopleasextroverts,butsometimestheyhavetoforcethemselvestoengagewithothersinorderto“fitin”.（因此，交际能力是极其宝贵的。当然，有时内向的人可能和外向的人一样有能力与人交谈，但有时他们不得不强迫自己与他人交流以“融入”。）”可知，这里和A选项“Societyappearstofavorextroverts.（社会似乎偏爱外向的人。）”一样，都是在介绍内向的人和外向的人的交际能力的差异，且空处与下句形成因果关系，指的是以对内向的人来说，拥有交际能力在社会上显得尤为重要。故选A项。

14.根据空处下句中的“Fortheintroverted,tocontinueinthisawkwardsituationcouldreallyendupbringingthemharm（对于内向的人来说，继续处于这种尴尬的境地可能最终会给他们带来伤害）”可知，G选项“Evenifstandingaloneforawhile,theygetasked“Whyareyouallbyyourself?”（即使是一个人站一会儿，他们也会被问到：“你为什么总是一个人？”）”是对下文中“thisawkwardsituation（这种尴尬的境地）”一种具体举例。故选G项。

15.根据空处下句“Theyformdeepthoughts,conductthemselvescarefully,andpaysignificantattentiontodetail.（他们思想深邃，行事谨慎，注重细节。）”可知，这里是对F选项“Introverts,justlikeextroverts,havetheirownsetofadvantages.（内向的人，就像外向的人一样，有他们自己的优势。）”的进一步解释，说明内向的人的具体优势。故选F项。

【答案】16.A17.B18.D19.C20.D21.C22.A23.B24.C25.D26.D27.C28.B29.B30.C31.A32.A33.B34.A35.D

【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主