高中英语-表语从句全析

Definition定义

在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句。它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。Thattheearthturnsaroundthesunisknowntoall.Iwanttoknowwhether(if)hehaspassedthechemistry.Thetroubleisthathehasneverdonetheworkbefore.Thenewsthattheplanewouldtakeoffontimemadeeverybodyhappy.主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句

ThePredicativeClause

表语从句观察思考：指出句子成分Henry

was

anAmericanbusinessman.Henry

met

anAmericanbusinessman.

主语

表语主语谓语

宾语（及物动词）连系动词Thequestioniswhowilldoit.Thequestionisdifficult.（表语）表语从句（表语）一、表语从句定义：PredicativeClause在复合句中做表语的从句，叫做表语从句。它位于系动词am,is,are,was,were,seem,look,taste,remain等之后，对主语进行解释，说明，使主语的内容具体化。主语+系动词+引导词

+简单句Thisiswhyhedidit.表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。二、表语从句构成可接表语从句的系动词有：1.be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)2.feel,seem,look,appear,sound,taste,smell3.stand,lie,remain,keep,stay4.become,get,grow,turn,go,come,run,ve,turnout连接词：that/whether/as/asif/asthough(if不引导表语从句)连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what连接副词：when/where/why/how/because1.从属连词that，whether(1)ThetroubleisthatIhavelostheraddress.(2)Myquestioniswhetherheleft(ornot).麻烦是我把她的地址弄丢了。我的问题是他是否离开了。that在表语从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有任何意义。whether虽然在从句中不作成分，但含有是否的意义（注意：if不能引导表语从句)例题1：Thequestionis________wewillhaveoursportsmeetingnextweek.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whetherD注意：if不能引导表语从句2.从属连词as,asif/though引导的表语从句Helookedjustashehadlookedtenyearsbefore.Itsoundsasif/thoughsomeoneisknockingatthedoor.他看起来还与十年前一样。听起来好像有人在敲门。*asif/asthough引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气，如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气(主句一般现在时,从句就用过去式，be变成were。主句是过去式，从句用过去完成时)。Itlooksasifhewereherownfather.(与事实不符)Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.3.because,why引导的表语从句例句：(1)That’sbecausehedidn’tunderstandme.(2)That’swhyhegotangrywithme.那是因为他不理解我。那正是他对我生气的原因。(强调原因）（强调结果）注意：because引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/Itisbecause…”结构中。用because,that,why填空Thereasonwas______

theheavyrainpreventedhimfromcoming.Thereason

________wedidn’ttrusthimis

thathehasoftenlied.Itis_______hehasoftenlied，sothatwedidn’ttrusthim.注意点3：reason后的定语从句可以用why/that引导，because一般用于it/this/that+从句句型中。becausewhythat例题：Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof

B注意点：

主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.4.连接代词who,whom,whose,whoever,what,whatever,which,whichever连接副词where,when,how,why1.Tomisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.2.Thequestioniswhichofusshouldcomefirst.3.Theproblemiswhoisreallyfitforthehardjob.4.Theimportantthingiswhosenameshouldbeputonthetopofthelist.连接代词2.---Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?---Oh,that's_______.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedaboutC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited

A解析：这是由what引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。(1)Thequestionishow

hedidit.问题是他如何做此事的。(2)Thatiswhere

hewasborn.那就是他出生的地方。(3)Thatiswhyshewasabsentyesterday.

那就是她昨天缺席的原因。(4)What

the

police

want

to

know

is

when

you

entered

the

room.警察想知道的是你什么时候进的房间。连接副词where,when,why,how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。2.---IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.---Isthat_______youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where

解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因.这句话的意思是"这就是你离开的原因吗?"。故答案为A。A1.这就是我们发现的兴趣所在。2.我今天的话题就是大多数科学家正在研究的课题。Thisiswhere(=theplacewhere)wefoundtheinterest.Mytodaytopiciswhat(=thethingthat)mostscientistsareresearching.3.我们的问题是咱们什么时候出发。Ourquestioniswhenwesetout.

四.使用虚拟语气的表语从句在表示建议、劝告、命令含义的名词后的表语从句，谓语动词需用"should+动词原形"表示，should可省略。常见的词有：advice,suggestion,order,proposal,request等。

1.我的建议是我们应该去帮助他。My

suggestion

is

that

we

(should)

go

and

help

him.2.我们唯一的请求就是尽快解决这个问题。Our

only

request

is

that

it(should)

be

settled

as

soon

as

possible.Summary：1.表语从句的构成:引导词+简单句2.引导词:｛连词that,whether,as,asif/though

连接代词who,what,which等连接副词when,where,how,why3.注意点:1.if不引导表语从句2.主语为reason时，引导词一般用that3.从句用陈述语序4.表语从句中的that一般不省略（有时在口语或非正式文体中可省略）Theproblemis_________totaketheplaceofJohn.A.whocanwegetB.whatwecangetC.whowecangetD.thatwecangetC练习：1.Goandgetyourcoat.It’s________youleftit.A.whereB.thereC.therewhereD.wherethere2.Thereasonwhyhehasn’tcomeis___________.A.becausehismotherisillB.becauseofhismother’sbeingillC.thathismotherisillD.forhismotherisill3.Thatis_____wewerelatelasttime.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what4._______yourfatherwantstoknowis________gettingonwithyourstudies.A.What;howareyouB.That；howyouareC.How；thatyouareD.What；howyouareA

C

CD1.Einstein’smostfamoustheoryis___wecalltheTheoryofRelativity. A.whatB.that C.whichD.why 2.Mysu