礼仪祝辞属于演辞式话语

Unit5InterpretingCeremonialSpeeches

□礼仪祝辞属于“演辞式话语”，它在口译中最为常见，最能体现译员的口译水平。□训练中要防止：望文生义，词汇贫乏，句型单一的现象。基本词汇开幕/闭幕式opening/closingceremony

开幕词openingspeech/address

致开幕词makeanopeningspeech

友好访问goodwillvisit阁下Your/His/HerHonor/Excellency

贵宾distinguishedguest

尊敬的市长先生RespectedMr.Mayor

远道而来/来自大洋彼岸的朋友friendscomingfromadistantland/theothersideofthePacific

东道国hostcountry宣布……开幕declare……open

值此之际ontheoccasionof

借此机会takethisopportunityto

以……名义inthenameof

本着……精神inthespiritof

代表onthebehalfof

由衷的谢意heartfeltthanks

友好款待gracioushospitality

正式邀请officialinvitation

回顾过去lookbackon

展望未来lookahead/lookintothefuture

最后inclosing

圆满成功acompletesuccess

提议祝酒proposeatoast一贯奉行

in

persistent

pursuit

of

平等互利

equality

and

mutual

benefit

双边关系

bilateral

relations

持久和平

lasting

peace典型例句

1.我愿借此机会，代表我们代表团的全体成员，对我们东道主的诚挚邀请，表示真诚的谢意。

Onthebehalfofallthemembersofmymission,Iwouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressoursincerethankstoourhostfortheirearnestinvitation.

2.现在，我愉快地宣布第二十二届万国邮政联盟大会开幕。

Now,Ihavethepleasuretodeclarethe22ndUniversalPostalCongressopen.

3.我很荣幸地代表中国政府和人民向来自联合王国的代表团表示热烈的欢迎。

IhavethehonortoexpressthiswarmwelcomeonbehalfoftheChineseGovernmentandpeopletothedelegationfromtheUnitedKingdom.

4.我谨向各位表示最热烈的欢迎。

Iwouldliketoextendmywarmestwelcometoallofyou.

5.我预祝大会圆满成功！

Iwishtheconferenceacompletesuccess!BeginningItiswithgreatpleasurethatI…Ihavethegreatpleasureto…Itgivesmegreatpleasureto…Ihavethehonortoextend,onbehalfof…ourwelcometothe…Allowmetoexpressourwarmwelcomeandcordialgreetingstoourdistinguishedguestscomingfromafar.Weareveryproudandhonoredtoreceivesuchagroupofdistinguishedentrepreneurs.Thisisalsoaveryhappyandmemorableoccasionformepersonally.Todayweareespeciallypleasedandhappytoreceivethedelegationledby…Weassembleheretodaywithgreatelationtowelcome…Wearehappytocelebratethisgloriousfestivaltogetherwith…Weareverymuchhonoredandpleasedtogiveabanquetthiseveninginhonorof…andtheotherdistinguishedguestsfrom…whohavecometovisit…attheinvitationof….Yourpresenceaddsmuchtoourfestivejoy.Withgreatelationandpleasure,we….Withprofoundandamicablesentimentsforyourpeople,we….

EndingIwishtoexpressmyheartfeltthankstoyou.Thankyousomuchfor…inspiteofyourbusyschedule.Andthatconcludesmyspeech.I’dliketoend/concludemyspeech.Thankyouforyourattention.

ClassPerforming课堂练习

I.Decoding--NotesTaking（笔记记录）ListentotherecordingsofTexts.Trytocatchthemainideasofthespeech.Notedownthekeypointswhileyouarelistening.Thentellthemainideasofthespeechwiththehelpofyournotes.II.Memorizing--StoryRetelling（故事复述）ListentotherecordingsofTextsagain.Trytocatchmoredetailsandimproveyournotes.Thenretellthespeechinyourownwordswiththehelpofyournotes.III.Encoding--MessageReconstructing（信息重组）ListentotherecordingsofTextsparagraphbyparagraph.Takenoteswhennecessaryandstartinterpretingduringthepauses.TechniquesIntroductionIShort-termPreparation（译前准备）Short-termpreparationininterpretingreferstothejobthatcanonlybepreparedshortlybeforetheinterpretingtaskistaken.Incontrastwithlong-termpreparation,short-termpreparationismoredirectandconcrete,aseachinterpretingtaskisdifferentfromoneanother.Theinterpreterworksfordifferentspeakersandondifferentsubjects.Inrealinterpretingsituations,pre-interpretingpreparationisusuallyreferredtoasshort-termpreparation.QuestionsWhattoprepare?Howtoprepare?WhattoPrepare?Afteraninterpreterhasacceptedaninterpretingassignment,theyshallstarttoprepareforthetaskimmediately.Followingsaretheessentialitemsthattheinterpretershallprepare.1.MeetingDocumentsThemeetingdocumentsareagreathelptotheinterpreters.Itisadvisableforinterpreterstoasktheorganizertoprovidethecompletedocumentation（文件）andbackgroundinformationforthetaskasearlyaspossible,suchasthemeetingschedule（时间表）,listofparticipants（参加者）,introductionofthekeynotespeakers（主题发言人）etc.Hemusttrytounderstand“whoisthespeaker?whatisthesubject?whatistheoccasion?whoistheaudience?andwhattypeofspeechisit?”.2.AGlossaryList

Aftergettingthedocuments,theinterpreteristhenabletoknowthetopicsandsubjectsheisgoingtodealwith.Atthistime,anexperiencedinterpreterwillworkoutalistofglossaryandterminology（术语）hewillpotentiallyencounterininterpreting.Apreparedglossarylistsometimeshelpstheinterpreteroutwhenhecomesacrossnewwords.3.Dictionaries,NotebooksandPensInterpretingisoftendoneinanuncertainsituation.Therearealwayssomewordsandexpressionsbeyondtheinterpreter’smindandpreparation.Inthiscase,someclassifieddictionaries（分类词典）maybeofgreathelp.Anexperiencedinterpreteralwaysbringscertaindictionaries,whichtheycanconsultwheneverpossible.Inaddition,note-booksandpensarealsonecessaryininterpreting.Asinterpretersusuallytakenotesininterpreting,twotop-openingnotebooks（竖翻式笔记本）andknock-gellpens（按压式水笔）arethereforerecommendedforinterpreterstocarry.Suchnotebooksandpensareeasilyhandledininterpretingsituations.4.DressesandNameCardsInaddition,interpretersshouldknowthegeneraldresscode（着装要求）beforethemeetingstarts.Interpretersarealwaysexpectedtodressappropriatelyandbehaverespectfullywhentheyattendthemeeting.Moreover,businesscards（名片）arealsonecessaryasinterpreterssometimesreceivenamecardsfromtheorganizerandthespeakers.Therefore,interpretersshouldpreparetheirowncardstooffertheminreturn.Otherwise,itwouldmakethemembarrassed.HowtoPrepare?

Thefollowingthreewaysaresuggestedthatinterpreterdowhenmakingshort-termpre-interpretingpreparation.1.ReadthroughtheRelevantDocumentsBeforeaninterpreterbeginstowork,heshouldreadthroughthedocumentsheisabletoobtainandorganizeallthedocumentsinaneasilyrecognizablewaysothathecanfindthemimmediatelywhenthespeakerisdeliveringhisspeech.Ifhehastranslatedsomeofthetextsbeforehand,heshouldalsoclassifythetranslatedtextsandputtheminorder.2.SurftheInternetThereisplentyofinformationinInternet.Bysurfingthenet,theinterpretermayfindsomeimportantinformationthatisrelatedtotheinterpretingtasks,suchasthebackgroundofthekey-notespeakers;theintroductiontotherelatedorganizationsetc..ItissuggestedthatinterpretersfindanInternetaccessandmakefulluseofit.3.ContacttheOrganizerandtheSpeakerBriefings（碰头会）arepotentiallyaveryusefulpartofadvancepreparation.Theyaremeetingsorganizedfortheinterpreter,withtheparticipationoftheorganizerandthespeakers.Atthebriefing,theinterpretercanaskspecificquestionsandgetsomegeneralinformation.Sometimes,somespeakershavestrongaccents.Ifpossible,interpretersshouldattemptchancetotalkpersonallywithsuchparticipantsbeforetherealtaskbeginssoastobefamiliarwiththeiraccentsandimprovetheaccuracyoftheinterpretation.4.PrepareaquestionlistBeforetakingtheinterviewwiththeorganizerandthespeaker,interpretersaresupposedtoprepareaquestionlist（提问单）inadvance,asboththeorganizerandthespeakerareusuallyratherbusy.Thequestionsmustbetothepoint.Apreparedquestionlistwillbeofgreathelpduringtheinterviews.Followingisasamplequestionlist:TextsInterpretationText1RevisitingtheoldhauntText2ApleasanttripText3OurfutureText4AnewlongMarchRevisitingtheoldhauntVocabulary:World-renownedLongMarchDiversitynever…otherthan…DynamisminthiscontextAspecialregardNostalgicMemorableUtmostcourtesyExtensiveOvershadowNon-governmentalsectorFoundationsMutualbenefitGoodfaithStrategicrelationshipflourishClassexerciseI.Decoding--NotesTaking（笔记记录）ListentotherecordingsofText.Trytocatchthemainideasofthespeech.Notedownthekeypointswhileyouarelistening.Thentellthemainideasofthespeechwiththehelpofyournotes.II.Memorizing--StoryRetelling（故事复述）ListentotherecordingsofTextsagain.Trytocatchmoredetailsandimproveyournotes.Thenretellthespeechinyourownwordswiththehelpofyournotes.III.Encoding--MessageReconstructing（信息重组）ListentotherecordingsofTextsparagraphbyparagraph.Takenoteswhennecessaryandstartinterpretingduringthepauses.Homework:Listentothefourpassagesinunit5sentencebysentenceanddointerpretation.Payattentiontothoseidiomaticexpressionsofextendingwelcome,thanksandcongratulations.5-3Ourfuture

5-4ANewLongMarchEnglish-ChineseInterpretingTechniques:AttributiveClauseInterpretingParallelClauseInterpretingAttributiveClauseInterpreting1.前置法：Front-positioning2.后置法：Post-positioningAttributiveClauseInterpreting1.前置法：把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面，可以用“的”来连接。

例句：

Spaceandoceansarethenewworldwhichscientistsaretryingtoexplore.

太空和海洋是科学家们努力探索的新领域。

Onbehalfofallmycolleaguespresenthere,IwishtothankyoufortheincomparablehospitalityforwhichtheChinesepeoplearejustlyfamousthroughouttheworld.Iaskallofyoupresenttojoinmeinraisingyourglassestothefriendshipandcooperationofourtwopeopleswhichcanleadtofriendshipandpeaceforallpeoplesintheworld.

Aretheydestinedtodiepainfullyforthehatredswhichhaveplaguedtheoldworld,oraretheydestinedtolivejoyfullybecausewehadthevisiontobuildanewworld?Thisisthehour.Thisisthedayforustorisetotheheightsofgreatnesswhichcanbuildanewandbetterworld.

译1：时不我待，这是一个攀登崇高理想、创造更美好的新世界的时刻。

译2：时不我待，对于我们这两个能够使世界变得更加美好的民族而言，这一天，是我们向伟大境地迈进的日子。

译3：只争朝夕。正是我们攀登崇高理想的高峰，建立更美好的新世界的时候了。

2.

后置法：把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面，翻译为并列分句。英语的从句结构常常比较复杂，如果翻译在其修饰的先行词前面的话，会显得定语太臃肿，而无法叙述清楚。这时，可以把定语从句翻译在先行词后面，译成并列分句。翻译时可以用两种方法来处理。（一）重复先行词(antecedentsrepetition)（二）省略先行词(antecedentsomits)（一）重复先行词由于定语从句的先行词通常在定语从句中充当句子成分，如果单独把定语从句翻译出来的话，常常需要重复先行词，还可以用代词代替先行词来重复。

例句：

ItoldthestorytoJohn,whotoldittohisbrother.

他把这件事告诉了约翰，约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。So,letusstartalongmarchtogetherondifferentroadsleadingtothesamegoal,thegoalofbuildingaworldstructureofpeaceandjusticeinwhichallmaystandtogetherwithequaldignityandinwhicheachnation,largeorsmall,hasarighttodetermineitsownformofgovernment,itsowncourseifdevelopment,freeofoutsideinterference.（二）省略先行词如果把定语从句翻译在先行词后面，在“通顺、完整”的前提下，有时候可以不用重复先行词。例句：

Theyworkedoutanewmethodbywhichproductionhasnowbeenrapidlyincreased.

他们制定出一种新方案，采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。ParallelClauseInterpreting

Parallelstructuremeansusingthesamepatternofwordstoshowthattwoormoreideashavethesamelevelofimportance.Thiscanhappenattheword,phrase,orclauselevel.Theusualwaytojoinparallelstructuresiswiththeuseofcoordinatingconjunctionssuchas"and"or"or."Ininterpretingparallels,interpretersshouldtrytokeeptheoriginalrhythmofthesourceutterance.

例句：

Thecoachtoldtheplayersthattheyshouldget

alotofsleep,noteat

toomuch,anddo

somewarm-upexercisesbeforethegame.

Theworldwatches.Theworldlistens.Theworldwaitstoseewhatwewilldo.IhavenottocometoChinatoholdforthonwhatdividesus,buttobuildonwhatbindsus.Ihavenotcometodwellonacloseddoorpast,buttourgethatAmericansandChineselooktothebeautifulfuture.Sentencesi