动词的时态语态新讲解9

动词的时态讲解在主动语态中，高中英语中常见的有12种时态。各种时态的谓语动词的一般形式见下表：一般进行完成完成进行现在do/doesam/is/aredoinghave/hasdonehave/hasbeendoing过去didwas/weredoinghaddonehadbeendoing将来shall/willdoshall/willbedoingshall/willhavedone/一、不同时态的定义及结构A一般现在时：（1）表示经常或习惯性发生的动作；*（2）表示一种客观事实或真理，动词形式：do/does/（3）表示一个人的能力与一般现在时连用的常用的时间状语：often,usually,always,sometimes,attimes,everyday/week,onceaweek,twiceaweekB一般过去时：表示在过去的时间发生的事。表达形式：（1）前一个动作发生在现在，另一个动作在这之前发生；（2）有过去的时间状语与一般过去时连用的常见的词：yesterday,twodaysago,lastnight/week/month/year,theotherday,onceuponatime,justnow,whenIwasyoung,whenIwasin…C一般将来时：表示什么事情将要发生。动词形式：will/shall+do;am/is/aregoingto+do;am/is/are/todo;am/is/areabouttodo;am/is/are+doing;do/does与一般将来时连用的时间状语：tomorrow,nextweek/month/year,nexttime,inthefuture.D过去将来时；（1）以过去为起点，将要做某事。其结构为：would+do;was/weregoingto+do;was/weretodo;was/wereabouttodo;was/were+doing/用法：通常用于宾语从句中(主句与从句时态一致原则)ShesaidthatshewouldvisittheGreatWallnextyearIthoughtIwouldmakelotsofnewfriends.TheysaidthattheyweregoingtospendthevacationtogetherE现在进行时：（1）表示现在正在做某事；（2）当动词为短暂性动词时，表示什么事情将要发生。其结构为：am/is/are+doing与现在进行时连用的常见的时间状语：now,atpresent,atthemoment,thesedays,listen,lookF过去进行时：（1）表示在过去的某个时间，主语正在做某事；（2）表示过去一直在做某事.其结构为：was/were+doingegIwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenitbegantorain.G现在完成时：（1）表示到现在为止已发生或完成的动作；（2）表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态，现在有可能这动作仍然在进行（常与since,for连用）.其结构为：have/has+doneIhaveseenthefilmalready.//IhavestudiedEnglishsince1980.//Hehaslivedhereallhislife.与现在完成时连用的常见的词：since,for/already,yet/ever,never/just,before/lately,recently/once,twice/sofar,uptonow,tillnow/inthepastfewyears.H过去完成时：（1）表示在过去的时间之前就已经做了某事；（2）或表示当过去某个动作发生时，另一个动作在这之前已经发生。其结构为：had+done与过去完成时连用的常见的时间状语用by与before的短语表示，如bythattime,bytheendof+过去的时间状语,before2000等I现在完成进行时：表示从过去到现在一直在做某事。其结构为：have/hasbeendoingsth.常见的时间状语或副词：since,for,lately,recently,inthepastfewyears.一般现在时与一般过去时一般现在时1表示经常性，习惯性的动作或状态eg在日本，大部分学生坐火车去学校______________________________________Vivia每天六点钟起床，洗澡并且吃一个快速的早餐_______________________________________________________________我喜欢游泳与潜水_________________________________________2表示客观真理与现实知识来源与实践_______________________________________________

西藏位于中国的西部_____________________________________________太阳从东方升起________________________________________________在when,assoonas,before等引导的时间状语从句与if,unless,aslongas引导的条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表将来。eg当Bill到达北京时，他会给你打的______________________________________________________如果你变得出名，全世界的人都将会关注你。___________________________________________________________.与一般现在时连用的常用的时间状语：often,usually,always,sometimes,attimes,everyday/week,onceaweek,twiceaweek二．一般过去式：1.定义：表示一个过去发生了动作，常译为。。。了，常与过去的时间状语连用，yesterday,twodaysago,lastnight/week/month/year,theotherday,onceuponatime,justnow,whenIwasyoung,whenIwasin…Iwalkedtoschoolyesterday./Iboughtanewcarthreedaysago.2.结构:一般过去时的肯定结构：主语+动词过去式+。。。(译为：主语在过去做了什么事)一般过去时的否定结构：主语+was/were+not;主语+could/might/+not主语+didn’t+动词原形;（译为：主语在过去没有做什么事）一般过去时的一般疑问结构：was/were+主语+...;could/might/+主语+动词原形；Did+主语+动词原形；一般过去时的特殊疑问结构：在一般疑问句前加特殊疑问词Eg.我两天前买了一本字典______________________________________当我年轻的时候，我不喜欢谈钢琴_____________________________________他昨天去参加了Tom的会议吗？_______________________________________Mary昨天晚上为什么哭得如此伤心？__________________________________注意：动词过去式的变化规则：规则动词a.通常情况下，在词尾加ed;listen—listenedb.以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，该y为i,再加ed.study---studiedc.以e结尾的动词，直接在词尾加d;like----likedd.一个元音字母加一个辅音字母，且音节重读，双写再加edstop-----stopped现在进行时与过去进行时一现在进行时1表示说话时正在进行的动作eg一些人正在拍照，其它人正躺在海滩上____________________________________________我们正在为春节做准备____________________________________________2.表示当前一段时间正在进行的动作，常与thesedays等时间状语连用这些日子以来，我们正在一家工厂工作_____________________________________表示按计划安排将要发生的动作，特别是表示方位转移的词，如come,go,leave,arrive,start,end,beginWhenaretheSmithsleavingforLondon与always,usually,forever等连用表达生气，赞扬，好奇等感情色彩YouarealwayschangingyourmindHeisalwaystryingtohelpothers与现在进行时连用的时间状语：now,atpresent,atthemoment,thesedays,listen,lookB.过去进行时1．定义a.表示过去正在做某事b.表示过去一直在做某事2．结构：was/were+-ing常见固定结构be(was/were)+doing…when…“正在干……（这时）突然……”。TheywerereadingwhenTomshoutedinpain.Iwaswalkingdownthestreetwhenitbegantorain.过去进行时连用的常见的时间状语：atthistimeyesterday;at9o’clockyesterday,when从句（一般过去时）Eg.当我昨天晚上回来时，我的哥哥正在做他的家庭作业________________________________________________现在完成时过去完成时A结构B.用法C.区别（与一般过去时的区别及现在完成进行时的区别）D固搭E.

主动与被动的转换结构现在完成时的肯定形式：have/has+done现在完成时的否定形式：have/hasnotdone现在完成时的一般疑问形式：have/has+主语+done现在完成时的特殊疑问句形式：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+doneExamples:我已经完成了我的作业（并分别变换以上四种形式）2．用法■表示到现在为止已发生或完成的动作，其结果的影响现在依然存在。常与already,yet（还），ever,never,just,before,recently,lately,(最近),sofar,uptonow,tillnow(到目前为止)inthelast/pastfewyears,twice,threetimes等时间状语连用，如：Ihaveseenthefilmalready.我已经看过那部电影了。//Ihavebeentoshanghairecently■表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。动作可能还会继续进行。常与“since+时间点”，“for+时间段”，等时间状语连用。Hehasbeeninthearmyfortenyears.IhavestudiedEnglishsince1980.３.区别3.1现在完成时与一般过去时的区别1.侧重点不同现在完成时与一般过去时所表示的动作都发生在过去,但它们所强调的重点不同:现在完成时侧重于对现在的影响;而一般过去时侧重于某一动作发生在过去某个时间或某段时间,即现在完成时侧重于现在的结果,而一般过去时侧重于动作发生的时间。例如:Ihaveseenthefilm.我看过这部电影。(现在我仍记得电影的内容)Isawthefilmthreedaysago.三天前我看了这部电影。(强调是三天前MrGreenhasboughtanewcomputer.(着重点是格林先生现在有了一台新电脑)MrGreenboughtanewcomputeryesterday.格林先生昨天买了一台新电脑。2.时间状语不同现在完成时常与already,yet,just,ever,never,before等副词以及“for+段时间”,“since+过去时间/从句”等时间状语连用;而一般过去时则常与“段时间+ago”,justnow,yesterday,lastweek等表示过去时间的状语连用。例如:Shehaslivedheresincetwoyearsago.Shelivedheretwoyearsago.HehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears.Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.[实战演练]1.-Ihaveseenthefilm“Titanic”already.-When__________you__________it-Thedaybeforeyesterday.A.have;seenB.will;seeC.did;seeD.did;seen2.MrBlack__________inChinasincefiveyearsago.A.livedB.haslivedC.livesD.isgoingtolive3.We____________treeslastSunday.Sofarwe__________over3,000treesthere.A.planted;plantedB.planted;haveplantedC.haveplanted;plantedD.haveplanted;haveplante3.2.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别a.结构不一样：现完:have/hasdone;现在完成进行时：have/hasbeendoingb.强调不一样：现完更侧重动作已经完成，后者更强调动作的持续性，表明从过去到现在一直在做某事,且还会继续下去

TheCCTVhasbeenbroadcastingEnglishprogramseversince1977.（现在还在播）TheCCTVhasbroadcastedEnglishprogramseversince1977.（但现在可能已经不播了）C.与现在完成时连用的常见的时间状语：since,for,already,yet,ever,never,just,before,lately,recently,sofar,uptonow,tillnow,inthepastfewyears.与现在完成进行时连用的常见的时间状语：since,for,lately,recently,inthepastfewyears.3.3for与since的区别for后接一段时间since后接时间点用since与for填空1)______twoyears 2)_______twoyearsago3)_______lastmonth4)______19995)_______yesterday 6)_______4o’clock7)______4hours 8)_______anhourago9)_______wewerechildren10)_____lunchtime11)______shelefthere注意：在含有since,for的句子中，主句不能用短暂性动作。常要作以下转换begin/start---beon;come/arrive----behere/stay,go/leave---beaway;die—bedead;finish—overborrow—keepjoinin---servebuy—havefallasleep---beasleep4．与现在完成时连用的固定搭配①This/Itisthefirst/second…time+that从句。that从句一般用现在完成时，如果把前边的is改为was，则that从句用过去完成时。如：ThisisthefirsttimeIhavecomehere./②Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句。since从句中用过去时。如：Itistenyearssincewehadsuchawonderfultime.5.现在完成时的被动语态的结构：have/hasbeendone译为：...事情已经被做了.....将主动转变为被动Ihavealreadyfinishedmyhomework2ShehasvisitedtheGreatWallB.过去完成时1．定义：表示在过去的时间前就已经做了某事；或表示当过去某个动作发生时，另一个动作在这之前已经发生。2．表达方式：2.1用by与before引导的短语表示，如bythattime,bytheendof+过去的时间状语,before2000等。2.2用具体的语境。比如前一个动作是过去时，另一个动作在它之前发生Eg.Whenwe_____(arrive)atthetheatre,theplay____(alreadystart).3．结构：haddone4特殊用法：表示愿望、打算一类的词，如：hope,expect,mean,intend,want,think,suppose,等，其过去完成时表示过去未增实现的愿望或意图。如：IhadhopedtoseemoreofShangHai.Ihadmeanttohelpyou,butIwastoobusyatthemoment.一般将来时与过去将来时一般将来时定义：表示从现在开始将要做某事结构（7种）由“will

/

shall

+

动词原形”构成。最普遍的将来时的表达。We

shall

have

a

lot

of

rain

next

month.

下个月将下很雨。

I

think

she

will

pass

the

exam.

我想他考试会及格的。1.2.

用“am/is/are

going

to+动词原形”表示。主要表示按照计划，打算，安排将要发生的事

We

are

not

going

to

stay

there

long.

我们不准备在那里久待。(表打算)

I’m

afraid

they’re

going

to

lose

the

game.

恐怕他们会赛输。(表预测)

Look,

it’s

going

to

rain.

瞧，要下雨了。(表预见)

1.3.

用“am/is/are

to+动词原形”表示。主要表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作；但它还可表示应当，允诺与命令。He

is

to

leave

for

Beijing

tomorrow.

他决定明天去北京。

Tell

him

he’s

not

to

be

back

late.

告诉他不准迟回。Youaretohandinyourhomeworkbeforetomorrowmorning1.4.

用“am/is/are

about

to+动词原形”表示。主要表示即将要发生的事，常与以下结构构成固定搭配：beabouttodosthwhensthdid(即将要做某事时这时什么事情发生了)He

is

about

to

leavetheroomwhenthetelephonerang.Sit

down,

everyone.

The

film

is

about

to

start.

1.5..

用“am/is/are

due

to+动词原形”表示。主要表示预期将要做某事。如：

He

is

due

to

leave

very

soon.

他很快就要离开。

His

book

is

due

to

be

published

in

October.

他的书计划10月份出版。

1.6.

用现在进行时(即am/is/are＋ving)表示。主要表示按计划或安排要发生的事。只局限于短暂性动作如：come,go,arrive,leave,takeoff,die,takepartin等

The

students

are

leaving

on

Sunday.

学生们星期日出发。

We’re

having

a

party

next

week.

我们下星期将开一个晚会。

1.7.

用一般现在时表示。表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的事。如：

The

train

leaves

at

7:25

this

evening.

火车今晚7:25分开。

Tomorrow

is

Wednesday.

明天是星期三3．一般将来时的被动语态的表达3.1will/shall+bedoneeg.Theprojectwillbecompletednextyear3.2am/is/are+goingtobedoneeg.ApartyisgoingtobeheldonApril15th3.3am/is/are+tobedoneeg.Yourhomeworkistobehandedinbeforetomorrow3.4am/is/are+duetobedoneeg.Thenewtechnologyisduetobebroughtinnextyear二、过去将来时2.1定义：以过去为起点，将要做某事；would+V还可表示过去的习惯动作，在这点上同usedto同义。Whenwewerechildren,wewould/usedtogoswimmingeverysummer.2.2其结构为：would+do;was/weregoingto+do;was/weretodo;was/wereabouttodo;was/were+doing/2.3用法：通常用于宾语从句中(主句与从句时态一致原则)Eg.ShesaidthatshewouldvisittheGreatWallnextyearIthoughtIwouldmakelotsofnewfriends.Theysaidthattheyweregoingtospendthevacationtogether2.4被动语态：将do改为bedone动词时态的一些典型用法及固定搭配（一）典型用法1．在if,unless,evenif引导的条件状语从句中，在when,before,until(till),assoonas,themoment,once引导的时间状语从句中，在nomatterwhat/who/which/when/where/how或whatever,whoever,whichever,whenever,wherever,however引导的让步状语从句中，如果主句是将来时（往往出现will/shall/can/must）或主句是祈使句，从句用一般现在时表示一般将来时。如：I’llgowithyouassoonasIfinishmywork.Hundredsofjobswillbelostifthefactorycloses.2．在含有since,for这两个词时，主句不能用瞬间动词，不能说某一个动作已持续了多长时间。若要接一段时间，须要做一些相应的变换。瞬间动词在完成时态中的否定式可以接一段时间。×HehascometoBeijingsincelastyear.√HehaslivedinBeijingsincelastyear.×Hehasjoinedthearmyfor3years.√Hehasservedinthearmyfor3years.√Hejoinedthearmy3yearsago.√Hehasbeenasoldierfor3years.√Itis3yearssincehejoinedthearmy.√Hehasjoinedthearmy.他已参军了。常见的瞬间动词有：come,go,getto/reach/arriveat,leave,buy,sell,join/takepartin,begin/start,return/give,borrow/lend,become/turn,bring/take,give,die,finish/end,receive3．表示愿望、打算、认为一类的词，如：hope,wish,expect,want,mean,intend,think,suppose,consider等，其过去完成时表示过去希望做、期望做、想要做、原以为可以做而实际上没做成的事。如：IhadhopedtoseemoreofShangHai.Ihadmeanttohelpyou,butIwastoobusyatthemoment.Ihadthoughtyouwouldcomethenextday.4．Bythetime从句（一般现在时），主句用（将来完成时）Bythetime从句（一般过去时），主句用（过去完成时）Bythetime从句（现在完成时），主句用（一般将来时）Bythetime从句（从句表过去的状态），主句用（一般过去时间）Eg.Bythetimeyoucome,Iwillhavewaitedforyoufor2hours.Bythetimeyoucame,Ihadwaitedforyoufor2hours.Bythetimeyouhavecome,Iwillwaitforyoufor2hours.BythetimeIwas5yearsold,Ihadtowearhearing-aiddevice5.for+（一段时间）的问题通常情况下用现在完成时、现在完成进行时有过去的时间状语，用一般过去时、过去完成时有将来的时间状语，用将来完成时Eg.IhavelearnedEnglishfor6years.IhavebeenlearningEnglishfor6years.WhenIwasyoung,Iplayedfootballforseveralyears.IhadplayedfootballforseveralyearsbeforeIwas12yearsold.Iwillhavewaitedforyoufor2hoursbythetimeyoucome.二．固定搭配①This/Itisthefirst/second…time+that从句。that从句一般用现在完成时，如果把前边的is改为was，则that从句用过去完成时。如：ThisisthefirsttimeIhavecomehere.Itwasthethirdtime(that)hehadmadethesamemistake.②Itis/hasbeen+一段时间+since从句。since从句中用过去时。如：Itistenyearssincewehadsuchawonderfultime.Itwastenyearssincewehadhadsuchawonderfultime.③beabouttodo…when…意为“即将要做…（这时）突然……”。(when从句用过去式)Iwasabouttogooutwhenthetelephonerang.④be(was/were)+doing…when…意为“正在干……（这时）突然……”。（when从句用过去式）TheywerereadingwhenTomshoutedinpain.⑥It+be+一段时间+before从句这个句式分两种情况：如果主句用将来时，则从句用一般现在时表将来时，意为多长时间以后即将发生某事；如果主句用过去时，从句也用过去时，意为多长时间后发生了某事。如：Itwon’tbelongbeforehesucceeds.(=Hewillsucceedsoom.)Itwastenyearsbeforetheymetagain.(=Theymetagaintenyearslater.).被动语态一、结构一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+done一般过去时的被动语态：was/were+done现在进行时的被动语态：am/is/are+beingdone过去进行时的被动语态：was/were+beingdone将来进行时的被动语态：will/shall+bebeingdone现在完成时的被动语态：have/hasbeendone过去完成时的被动语态：hadbeendone将来完成时的被动语态：willhavebeendone将来时的被动语态：will/shallbedone/begoingtobedone/betobedone/beabouttobedone/beduetobedone二、get+过去分词可以表示被动，此结构比较口语化，如：Shegotmarriedlastweek.、Thepatientgottreatedonceaweek.三、主动形式表被动意义1．系动词look,seem,appear,sound,smell,taste,feel,become,grow,go,turn,get,fall,stay,keep,remain,prove,turnout+形容词/名词构成系表结构。如：2．表示主语的某种属性特征的动词。如read,write,act,cut,draw,drive,sell,wash,clean,wear,open,cook,lock,这类动词一般不单独使用，常用一个修饰语。如：Nyloncleanseasily.尼龙容易洗干净。Thedoorwon’tlock.这门锁不上。Yourpenwritessmoothly.你的笔好写。Theplanworkedoutwonderfully.Therecorderwon’tplay.这录音机不转。Thisknifecutswell.这把刀子很快。3．介词in,on,under等+名词构成介词短语表被动意义常见的有：undercontrol(受控制)，undertreatment(在治疗中)，underrepair(在修理中)，underdiscussion(在讨论中)，underconstruction(在施工中)，beyondbelief(令人难以置信)，beyondone’sreach(鞭长莫及)，beyondone’scontrol(无法控制)，beyondourhope(我们始料不及)，forsale(出售)，forrent(出租)，inprint(在印刷中)，insight(在视野范围内)，onsale(出售)，onshow(展出)，ontrial(受审)，outofcontrol(控制不了)，outofsight(超出视线之外)，outofone’sreach(够不着)，outoffashion(不流行)。4.用主动表被动的固定结构：…事情值得被做的表达：beworthdoing/beworthyofbeingdone/beworthytobedone/sthdeservedoing/sthdeservetobedone…事情需要被做的表达：sthneeddoing/sthneedtobedone(require,request,desire,demand也有类似的用法)某事做起来怎么样…：sthis+adj+todo5.Ihavesthtodo,Ihavesthtobedone的区别四．不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：发生出现与消失，遭受死亡，纯属意外常见动词过去式，过去分词（不规则变化）drink---drank----drunk（喝）/ring----rang-----rung（响）/swim----swam----swumsing----sang----sung（唱）/sink----sank----sunk（沉没）/blow----blew----blown（吹）grow----grew----grown（生长）/know---knew---known（知道）/fly----flew----flown（飞）take----took----taken（带走）/shake----shook----shaken（动摇）/drive----drove----drivenwrite---wrote---written（写/rise---rose---risen（上升）/ride----rode----ridden（骑）speak----spoke----spoken（说）/steal----stole----stole（偷）/break----broke----brokenwake----woke----woken（唤醒）/freeze----froze----frozen（结冰）forget---forgot---forgotten（忘记）/choose----chose----chosen（选择）draw----drew----drawn（画）/eat----ate----eaten（吃）/fall----fell----fallen（掉）give----gave----given（给）/hide----hid----hidden（隐藏）/see----saw----seen（看）do----did----done（做）AAA型cost（花费）costcost/cut（割）cutcut/hit（打）hithithurt伤害）hurthurt/let（让）letlet/put（放）putput/read（读）readread(2)AAB型（动词原形与过去式同形）/beat（跳动）beatbeaten(3)ABA型（动词原形与过去分词同形）become（变成）becamebecome/come（来）camecome/run（跑）ranrun(4)ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）dig（挖）dugdug/get（得到）gotgot/hang（吊死）hangedhangedhang（悬挂）hunghung/hold（抓住）heldheld/shine（照耀）shoneshonesit（坐）satsat/win（赢）wonwon/meet（遇见）metmet/keep（保持）keptkept/sleep（睡）sleptslept/sweep（扫）sweptsweptfeel（感觉）feltfelt/smell（闻）smeltsmelt/leave（离开）leftleftbuild（建设）builtbuilt/lend（借出）lentlent/send（传送)sentsentspend（花费）spentspent/lose（丢失）lostlost/burn（燃烧）burntburntlearn（学习）learntlearnt/mean（意思是）meantmeant/catch（抓住）caughtcaughtteach（教）taughttaught/bring（带来）broughtbrought/fight（战斗）foughtfoughtbuy（买）boughtbought/think（想）thoughtthought/hear（听见）heardheardsell（卖）soldsold/tell（告诉）toldtold/say（说）saidsaidfind（找到）foundfound/have/has（有）hadhad/make（制造）mademadestand（站）stoodstood/understand明白understoodunderstood动词的时态语态考点一：一般现在时与一般过去时1Wheneveryou_______(buy)apresent,youshouldthinkaboutitfromthereceiver’spointofview2Aroundtwoo’clockeverynight,Suewillstarttalkinginherdream.Itsomewhat________(bother)us.3You’dbetterwritedownherphonenumberbeforeyou________(forget)it4“Lifeislikewalkinginthesnow,”Grannyusedtosay,“becauseeverystep_______(show)5Walmart,whichisoneofthelargestAmericansupermarketchains_______(keep)someofitsstoresopen24hoursonMondaysthroughSaturdays.6Planningsofarahead_______(make)nosense----somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear7Barbaraiseasytorecognizeassheistheonlyoneofthewomenwho_______(wear)eveningdress8Thetrain_______(take)offatseventomorrownight9.Idon’tbelieveyou’vealreadyfinishedreadingthebook.I______(lend)ittoyouthismorning!10.He_______(play)footballregularlyformanyyearswhenhewasyoung.11.Judyisgoingtomarrythesailorshe______(meet)inRomelastyear.12.He________(regard)asanationalheroforwinningthefirstgoldmetalforhiscountryintheOlympics13.—Thefoodhereisniceenough.—Myfriend_________(introduce)mearightplace.14.Edward,youplaysowell.ButI_________(notknow)youplayedthepiano.15—I’ve

got

to

go

now.—Must

youI________(think)you

could

stay

for

dinner

with

us.16.—YouspeakverygoodFrench!—Thanks.I__________(study)FrenchinSichuanUniversityforfouryears.A.studiedB.studyC.wasstudyingD.hadstudied17．－Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie－It’sfantastic.TheonlypityisthatI_____(miss)thebeginningofit.考点二：现在进行时1Hi,let’sgoskating.Sorry,I’mbusynow.I_________(fill)inanapplicationformforanewjob.2Thewatersupplyhasbeencutofftemporarilybecausetheworkers__________(repair)oneofthemainpipes3John,what___________(hold)inyourhand--Look.It’sabirthdaygiftformygrandma4I’llgotothelibraryassoonasIfinishwhatI________(do)5Youarealways______(tell)liestoothers6Sheisveryworriedaboutthemeetingthat__________(begin)soon考点三：一般过去时与过去进行时a.I(call)________Rogeratninelastnight,buthe(be,not)_______athome.He(study)________atthelibrary.b.I(hear,not)_________thethunderduringthestormlastnightbecauseI(sleep)_____c.Mybrotherandsister(argue)______aboutsomethingwhenI(walk)________intotheroomd.WhileMrs.Emerson(read)_________thelittleboyastory,he(fall)____asleep,soshe(close)_____thebookandquietly(tiptoe)_____outoftheroom.1.Shirley______(write)abookaboutChinalastyearbutIdon’tknowwhethershehasfinishedit.2.IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She_______(work)ataradioshopatthetime.3.Idon’tthinkJimsawme;he_________(stare)intospace.4.Tom_______(slip)intothehousewhennoone________(look).5.ThereportersaidtheUFO__________(travel)easttowestwhenhesawit.6.Thestudents________(write)busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshehadleftintheoffice.7.Mary________(make)adresswhenshecutherfinger.8.ThelasttimeIsawJaneshe________(pick)cottoninthefields.9—Ouch!Youhurtme!—Iamsorry.ButIdidn’tmeananyharm.I_________(try)todrivearatout.10She________(phone)someone,soInoddedtoherandwentaway.11Jameshasjustarrived,butIdidn’tknowhe______(come)untilyesterday12Jim________(watch)alatenightfilmathomewhenthetelevisionwentblank13Iwalkedslowlythroughthemarket,wherepeople________(sell)allkindsoffruitsandvegetables考点四：一般将来时与过去将来时1Theymadeuptheirmindthatthey_________(buy)anewhouseonceLarrychangedjobs2Jameshasjustarrived,butIdidn’tknowhe_______(come)untilyesterday.3Closethedooroffearbehindyou,andyou________(see)thedooroffaithopenbeforeyou4Bythetimeyouhavefinishedthisbook,yourmeal_______(get)cold5Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_______(leave)officesoon.6Iftheirmarketingplanssucceed,they_________(increase)theirsalesby20percent.7ThismorningAlice_________out______(即将要出门)thedooropenedandincamesomestrangers.8---Comein,Peter,Iwanttoshowyousomething.---Oh,howniceofyou!Ineverthoughtyou________(bring)meagift.9Atcollege,BarackObamadidn’tknowthathe___________(become)thefirstblackpresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmerica10MrSmithsaidhe_________(be)goingtovisitBeijingthenextsummer.11Lastweekhepromisedthathe__________(be)back,buthehasn’tarriveduntilnow12ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortune_________(make)13AlbertEinteinwasbornin1879.Asachild,fewpeopleguessedthathe_________(be)afamousscientistwhosetheorieswouldchangetheworld.考点五(现在完成时/现在完成进行时)1（2014江西）Tony,whyareyoureyesred--I_________(cut)uppeppersforthelastfiveminutes.2（2013福建）Thegirlhasagreatinterestinsportand__________(take)badmintonclassestwiceaweekoverthelastthreeyears.3Tom_________(work)inthelibraryeverynightoverthelastthreemonths4(2015福建)WhereisPeterIcan’tfindhimanymore.---Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand________(write)hisessaythereeversince.5I’mtiredout.I___________(shop)allafternoonandIdon’tseemtohavefinishedanything.6Why,Jack,youlooksotired!---Well,I____________(paint)thehouseandImustfinishtheworktomorrow.7We_________(work)onthisprojectforfourhours.Let’shavearest.6(2014湖南)Sincethetimehumankindstartedgardening,we______(try)tomakeourenvironmentmorebeautiful.7Themanager__________(tell)theworkershowtoimprovetheprogramsince9am.8（2015北京）Inthelastfewyears,China________(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.9（2015四川）ThetourismofLinyi_______(see)arapidgrowthoverthelastdecade.10(2014全国)Thereportswentmissingin2012andnobody________(see)themsince.11(2010浙江)Formanyyears,people________(dream)ofelectriccars.However,makingthemhasbeenmoredifficultthanpredicted.12ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture,butwhenandwhere__________(notdecide)yet.13Progress(be)sofarverygoodandwearesurethattheworkwillbefinishedontime.14Recenly,China_______(make)greatprogressinthetechnology15Asyouknow,thecompany________(move)BilltonorthernCaliforniarecentlytoworkhissalesmagicinoneofthiscompany’smostcompetitiveareas考点六（过去完成时）1.Theybecamefriendsagainthatday.Untilthen,they_________(notspeak)toeachotherfornearlytwoyears.2.Wefirstmetonatrainin2000.Webothfeltimmediatelythatwe________(know)eachotherforyears.3.Thehotelwasn’tparticular