Unit 4 Discovering useful structures导学案 -2021-2022学年高中英语人教版必修第三册

第二学期高一级英语导学案【单元标题】Book3Unit4第4课时DiscoveringUsefulStructures导学案【学习目标】.学习并掌握动词不定式做宾语，宾语补足语，定语和状语的用法。..会分析句子中的动词不定式的用法。.学习用动词不定式造句。【学前诊断】.了解动词不定式做宾语，宾语补足语•，定语和状语使用和结构。.能够用动词不定式润色句子。【学习过程】【自主探究案】一、动词・ing形式作宾语，宾语补足语【观察思考】Peoplehavealwayswantedtolearnmoreaboutspace.ChinawantedChang'c4toexplorethesurfaceofthefarsideofthemoon.【探究总结】二、动词・ing形式作定语句法功能考点宾语want,hope,wish,offer,fail,plan,learn,pretend,refuse,manage,decide,attempt,strive,help,agree,promise,intend,prefer,wouldlike,expect,afford,ask+todosth.宾语补足语tell,ask,invite,force,get,beg,allow,wish,want,like,prefer,inspire,encourage,expect,advise,permit,order,warn,cause+sb.+todo【观察思考】Youmustbeintelligentenoughtogetarelatedcollegedegree.Scientistsworkhardtofindanswer.Wcweresurprisedtofindthathehadleft.YuriGagarinbecamethefirstpersonintheworldtogointospace.Somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumanrealisetheirdreamtoexplorespace.【探究总结】1.动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，表示尚未发生的动作。*Letusgivehimsomethingtoeat.让我们给他一些吃的东西。*Wchavemuchhomeworktodotonight.今晚我们有很多作业要做。.有些抽象名词后面常接不定式作定语，如ability,chance,desire,decision,effort,intention,need,opportunity,plan,promise,pressure,right,time,way或不定代词something,nothing等后面常用不定式作后置定语。如：Aftermonthsofunemployment,allheaskedforwasachancetoearnhisbread.ButJanisAdkinshastheabilityanddesiretodousefulwork.但是詹尼斯・阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。.名词前有first,last,next,only等词以及最高级修饰时，其后要用动词不定式。如：ShewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.她是第一个在奥运会中赢得金牌的女性。Thenine-year-oldboywasIheonlyonetohavesurvivedthecrash..当名词与定语之间存在动宾关系时。Iusuallyhavealotofmeetingstoattend.我通常有很多会议要参加。Sheisanicepersontoworkwith.她是一个很好的合作伙伴。.当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时。Wemustfindapersontodothejob.我们必须找到一个人来做这项工作。Weneedsomeonetogoandgetadoctor.我们需要有人去请医生。.当名词与定语有同位关系时。Wegottheordertoleavethecity.我们接到了离开这个城市的命令。【即学活用】Theairport(complete)nextyearwillhelppromotetourisminthisarea.Doyouhaveanything(do)tonight?Thebestway(improve)yourEnglishistojoinanEnglishclub.【探究总结】不定式作状语动词不定式在句中作状语，主要用来修饰动词和形容词，也可用来修饰副词。在句中，不定式可作目的状语、原因状语、结果状语、条件状语等，可表示目的、原因及结果等。.“主语+be+形容词+todosth.”结构中，不定式常作原因状语，常见的此类形容词有happy,sorry,glad,excited,disappointed,shocked,satisfied,astonished等。如：Theyweregladtoseetheirsontakengoodcareofinthekindergarten..不定式还常用在too...to结构、enough及only等后面作状语，表示结果。如:Theboxistoosmalltoholdallthesethings.Iwalkedallthewayfromhometothelibrary,onlytofinditclosed..不定式作目的状语既可放在句首也可放在句尾，不定式前可加inorder或soaso如：Hehadtoearnenoughmoneytosupportthefamily.InordertomasterEnglish,youmustspendmucheffortonit.【即学活用】.theconvenienceofdigitalpayment,manyseniorcitizensstartedtousesmartphones.(2019•江苏卷•单项填空)A.ToenjoyB.EnjoyingC.TohaveenjoyedD.EnjoyModemmethodsoftrackingpolarbearpopulationshavebeenemployedonlysincethemid-1980s,andareexpensive(perform)consistentlyoveralargearea.(2019•新课标I卷♦语法填空)Butsomestudentsdidn'twant(wear)theuniform.(2019•浙江卷•语法填空)【即学活用】1.Asitisattheendofsummer,peoplethinkitistheirlastchance(have)funbeforegoingbacktoboringwork.thinkyouhaveeveryright(complain).(make)friendseasily,youneedtobeverykind.It'snevertooold(learn).Hewentbackonly(find)thedoorfirmlylocked.Weareverypleased(hear)yourwonderfulnews.Heistooready(help)others.Thechildhasnotoys(play)with.Thereisnotime(lose).Wouldyoubesokindas(tell)methetime?翻译下面句子.她总是第一个到教室，最后一个离开的。.孩子们，安静一下，我有件事情要宣布!.这只狗很勇敢，跳到水里救那个小女孩。.有很多作业要做，我没时间出去玩了。【自我评价(self-evaluation)]Thinkaboutthispassagelearningandcompletethefollowingform.Rateyourselfonascaleoffive:onebeinglowandfivebeinghigh,andputitintoyourportfolio.

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