02 英语议论文要略-备战2023年中考英语一轮复习语法知识+语篇能力双清(通用版)

英语议论文议论文是用来论述某个道理、阐明某种观点的一种文体。它通过摆事实、讲道理、辨是非来表达作者的见解和主张。议论文必须含有论点、论据、论证三要素。IlikereadingReadingismyfavoritehobby.Icanneverstoptheloveforreadingbecausebooksarelikewiseteachersaswellasgoodfriendsinmylife.Asweknow,booksarethesourceofknowledge.Ibenefitagreatdealfromreading.Thereareavarietyofbooksforustochoosefrom,likehistorybooks,sciencebooks,literarybooksandsoon.Butwhatinterestsmemostisliterarybook,especiallythosebyfamouswriters.Foronething,theyhelptoimprovemywritingskillsandbroadenmyhorizons.Foranother,theycanenrichmylifeandprovidemewithgreatfun.Isn’titapleasuretohavegreatcalminmindwhileyouarereading?语篇要点分析：1.论点鲜明，论据充实。论据和论证要围绕论点展开，适当发挥，使内容充实。根据题目要求，有时需要从正反两面来论述，增强论证的力度。议论文往往要求考生根据中心问题适当发挥，阐述自己的观点。2.语言必须简练、准确，可适当使用名言警句；以议论为主，辅之以叙述、说明和描写等手法。3.注意篇章布局的合理性、逻辑性，要适当运用连接词。写作时常以三段式的形式展开议论。议论文的分类

议论文通常可分为：立论—支持—结论型议论文和立论—比较—结论型议论文。立论—支持—结论即我们通常所说的推理法。此类型的议论文一般有引子、正文和结论三部分。引子部分开门见山，提出论点。要求简洁明了、观点鲜明，切忌篇幅过长、拖泥带水。正文部分摆出有利的事实，对论点进行严密的论证，做到言之有物、言之有理。最后根据前面的论证得出结论，回归到开始的论点。

Inourmodernlife,punctualityisoneofthemostimportantqualitiesthatanyoneshouldpossess.Punctualitydemonstratesthatyouarereliableandcanbetrustedwithresponsibilities.Besides,itcanmakeoneagoodperson.Andifyouarenotpunctual,youmaybringinconveniencetoothers.Weshouldpracticepunctualityforthesakeofothers,aswellasourselves.Washingtonwasremarkableforthisvirtue.Whenhewasalittleboy,hismothertaughthimtodoeverythingattheappointedtime.Inhislaterlife,thishabithelpedtomakehimagreatman.Withoutit,hecouldneverhavemadesuchsuccess.Inaword,ifweformthehabitofpunctualityatschool,itwillbeofgreatadvantagetousinourfuturelife.用于句首提出论题或现象的常用句式Wehadaheateddiscussionabout…Recently,…hasbecomethefocusofthesociety.…hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinoursociety.Nowadaysthereisagrowingconcernfor…Nowadaysitiscommontohear/see……hasbecomeacommonoccurrenceinourdailylife.Nowadaysmoreandmorepeoplearebeginningtobeawareoftheseriousnessof…Itisonlyduringthelast/pastfewyearsthatmanhasbecomegenerallyawarethat…Inrecentyears,thereisageneraltendency…Nowadays,…hasbecomeaproblemwehavetoface.用于正文表示列举的关联词或短语First/Second(Next)/Third(Then)/Last(Finally)Thefirst/Thesecond/Thethird/Thelast(Thefinal)Firstly/Secondly/Thirdly/Lastly(Finally)One/Another/Stillanother/ThelastThemostessential/mostimportant/primaryis…Ontheonehand/OntheotherhandForonething/ForanotherFurthermore;Moreover;What’smore;Inaddition用于表示例证的常用句型Accordingtorecentsurvey/study/report/research…Researchershavefound/proved/indicated/shown/declaredthat…Aproverbsays…AstheoldChinesesayinggoes…Itgoeswithoutsaying…Noonecandenythat…Thereisnodoubtthat…用于表示结论的常用句式及关联词或短语Experience/Allthefactssuggest/show/demonstrate/indicatethat…Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemayconcludethat…Therefore,itisnotdifficulttodraw/cometotheconclusionthat…Fromallthereasons/considerationsabove,itisclear/obviousthat…Takingalltheseintoaccount,wemayreachtheconclusionthat…Currently,self-confidencehasbeenthefocus.Thisdoesdemonstratethetheory——nothingismorevaluablethanself-confidence.Itisclearthatself-confidencemeanstrustinone’sability.Ifyouareself-confident,itwillbringyourcreativepowertoplay,arouseyourenthusiasmforwork,andhelpyouovercomedifficulties,asaresult,yourdreamwillcometrue.Onthecontrary,ifyouhavenoconfidenceinyourself,thereislittlepossibilitythatyouwillachieveanything.Failurewillbefollowingwithyou.Itturnsoutthatallyourplanfallsthrough.Noonecandenythefactthatself-confidencegivesyoulightwhenyouareindarkandencouragementwhenyouaredismayed.Youdon’thavetolookveryfartofindoutthetruth,forweallknowthesecretofsuccessliesinperseveranceandself-confidence,thelatterinparticular.Withreferencetomystandpoint,Ithinkhewhohasself-confidencewillhavewhathewants.立论—比较—结论型议论文的结构是：先提出某问题有两种不同观点，先讨论第一种观点，然后讨论向相反的观点最后给出自己的想法。比如讨论打电话还是写信？有压力是好事还是坏事？失败是好事还是坏事？等等这种题型我们称之为对比观点题型。WillPhonesReplaceLetters?Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,thephonehasbecomearemarkablefeatureofmodernlife.Ithasgainedsuchpopularityamongyoungpeoplethatsomepeoplebegintowonderifphoneswillreplaceletters.However,theattitudestowardsthisissuevaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplefirmlybelievethatthephoneprovidesuswithsomuchconvenienceandpleasurethatitwillsoonerorlatertakeovertheletter.Besides,itisevencheapertocallthantowrite.ButotherpeoplepointoutthatcalligraphyispartofChinesetraditionalculture.Writinglettersservesagoodwayofpreservingourtradition.What’smore,aletterseemstobeabetterwaytoexpressdeepandheart-feltlove.Thereissometruthinbotharguments.ButIthinkphoneswillreplacelettersbecausetimeiseverythinginthisfast-pacedsociety.Ittakesalongtimetowritealetterwhilethephoneisjustreadyathand.用于比较、阐述不同观点的常用句型Opinionsaredividedamongstudents.Somepeoplelike/prefer…,whileothersare/feelinclinedto…Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto…somebelieve…whileothershold…Somepeopleclaimthat…issuperiorto….Others,however,disagreewithit.Somepeoplesuggest….Others,however,holdtheoppositeopinion.Somepeoplearguethat…Others,incontrast,believethat…Althoughmoreandmorepeoplecometobelievethat…,therearestillotherswhoinsistthat…Onthecontrary,therearepeopleinfavourof…Therearesomepeoplewhoholddifferentopinionsabout…用于陈述个人观点或想法的常用句型Myownexperiencetellsmethat…Inmyopinion,weshouldattachmoreimportanceto…Asformyownideaabout…,Ibelieve…AsfarasIamconcerned,Iplanto…Personally,Iprefer…/sidewiththelatteropinion.Inmyview,bothsidesarepartlyrightinthat…Myownpointofviewisthat…Inconclusion,Isupportthestatementthat…Asregardsofme,Itendtochoose…Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wemayseethatthereissometruthinbotharguments.Personally,Isidewiththelatteropinion.Stressisacommonoccurrenceinourlives.Theattitudestowardthisissuevaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeopleareinfavoroftheideaofleadingabusyandstressfullife.Theypointoutthefactthatacertainamountofstressisvitaltoprovidemotivationandchallenge,andtogivepurposeandsignificancetoanotherwisemeaningless,idlelife.Theyalsoarguethatpeopleunderstresstendtoexpresstheirfullrangeofpotential.However,otherpeoplestandonadifferentground.Theyfirmlypointoutthatthestressesandstrainsofworkwillrobthemofjoyandhappinessanddothemharmbothphysicallyandmentally.Thereissometruthinbotharguments.ButIthinktheadvantagesofstressoverweighthedisadvantages.Stressisanaturalpartofeverydaylifeandthereisnowaytoavoidit.Whatwecandoistodevelopouradaptiveabilitiestodealwithitratherthantoescapefromit.Recentlywehavehadadiscussionaboutwhetheranentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks.Therearetwooppositeopinionsaboutit.60%ofthestudentssupportthepointthatfeesshouldbechargedforparks,becausetheyneedmoneytopaygardenersandotherworkers.Moreover,buyingplantsandyoungtreesalsoneedalotofmoney.Ontheotherhand,40%disagree.Intheiropinion,peopleneedaplacewheretheycanrestandenjoythemselves.Chargingentrancefeeswillnodoubtkeepsomepeopleaway.Besides,itwillbecomenecessarytobuildgatesandwalls,whichwilldoharmtotheappearanceofthecity.Personally,Ithinkanentrancefeeshouldbechargedforparks.However,feesshouldbechargedlow.对比观点题型还可以首先给出一个观点，说明持该观点者的理由；然后说明自己反对该观点，并列举几点理由。Somestudentsbelievethatcheatingintheexaminationisreasonable.Forexample,theythinktheyhavetoomanyexaminations,whicharetoodifficultforthem.Andiftheycheatintheexamination,theywillgetbetterresulttopleasetheirparentsandteachers.Inmyopinion,thisreasoncanneverbethepoint.Foronething,itbreakstherulesofschoolstocheatintheexamination.Foranotherthing,westudentsshouldbehonestandtrytogetgoodresultsbystudyinghardinsteadofcheatingintheexamination.What’smore,weshouldimproveourlearningmethodsandgetwellpreparedfortheexaminations.FromallthatIhavesaid,Iagreetothethoughtthatstudentsshouldbeforbiddentocheatintheexamination.解决问题题型

学会如何解决问题是每个学生应该掌握的本领。像“如何充分利用时间”、“怎样保护环境”等。基本结构是：1.问题现状和严重性；2.怎样解决（不同解决方案的优缺点）；3.我对解决该问题很有信心。Inrecentyears,wehavetofaceaproblemthatmanystudentshavepooreyesight.Thesituationisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.Asweknow,itisimportantforeveryonetokeepgoodeyesight.Weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththeproblem.Foronething,don’tkeepyoureyesworkingforalongtime.You’dbetterhavearestafteryouhavestudiedanhourorso.Foranother,takegoodcareofyoureyes.Don’treadinthesunorinapoorlight.Don’treadinbedoronamovingbus.Finally,doeyeexerciseseveryday.Itwillalsohelpyoukeepgoodeyesight.Personally,Ibelieveonlyifyouobeytherulesabovecanyoupreventyoureyesightfrombecomingshort-sighted.说明利弊题型

针对这种题型，我们先说明一下现状，再对比两种情况的利弊，有时也可单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后要表明自己的态度（或对事物的前景提出预测）。文章的基本结构是：1.说明现状；2.优缺点比较（或一方面）；3.你对现状或前景的看法。Nowadays

manyyoungstersprefertogoonlineintheirsparetime.Generally,itsadvantagescanbeseenasfollows:first,throughtheInternet,theycangainnewknowledgeandthelatestnewsathomeandabroad.Besides,networkoffersthemaconvenientwaytocommunicatewitheachother.TheInternetmakestheirlifeoutsideclasscolourful.Buteverycoinhastwosides.Thenegativeaspectsarealsoapparent.Oneoftheimportantdisadvantagesisthatsomestudentsprefertoplaycomputergamesinsteadofstudyingtheirlessons.Tomakemattersworse,therearesomestudentswhoareoftenabsentfromschoolfordays.Through

theaboveanalysis,Ibelievethatthepositiveaspectsoutweighthenegativeones.Therefore,Iwouldliketogoonlineinmysparetime.社会问题（或现象）式议论文本题型就是先列出一个具体的社会问题或者现象；然后分析产生的原因和产生的影响；然后提出解决办法；最后预测前景。Nowadays,thereexistsacommonphenomenon—with

thedevelopmentoftheInternet,moreandmorepeopletendtosendelectroniccardsinsteadofpaperonestotheirfriendsandrelativeswhenanimportantholidaycomes.Thereareacoupleofreasonsbehindthisphenomenon.Foronething,comparedwiththetraditionalcards,electroniccardsaremorelivelyandinteresting.Theycangivenotonlypicturesbutalsosoundandanimation.Foranother,therearemanywebsitesonlinewhichoffervarietiesofcardsforyoutochoosefrom.Whatismore,withthepopularityofthee-cards,lesspaperisusedinmakingpapercards,whichdoesgoodtoourenvironment.Inshort,