第七节复合句中的从句课件

TEM-4Vocabulary&Grammar七、复合句中的从句（必考点）/TEM-4Vocabulary&Grammar/1七、从属分句复合句=主句+

Vocabulary&Grammar从句定语从句状语从句名词性从句关系代词的选择、限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别时间、地点、比较、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步方式状语从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句/七、从属分句复合句=主句+Voc2七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句

有关定语从句：a.定义：在复合句中充当定语，修饰先行词b.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词c.关系词：引导定语从句的词，起连接作用

关系代词：who/whom/whose/which/that

代替先行词并在定语从句中充当句子成分（主/宾/表语等）

关系副词：when/where/why

作状语定语从句结构：先行词+关系代/副词+从句Vocabulary&Grammar/七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句有关定语从句：Vocabul3

Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句

限定性定语从句（DefiningAttributiveClauses）修饰先行词、紧跟先行词，同先行词之间无逗号隔开关系代词：who/whom(人)which/which（物）whose(人/物)=(ofwhom/which)that(人/物)关系副词：when(at/in/on/duringwhich)where(=in/atwhich)(condition/situation/case/Instance/circumstance)why(=forwhich)(先行词为reason)非限定性定语从句（Non-definingAttributiveClauses）补充说明先行词，跟在先行词后，用逗号和主句隔开，修饰先行词或前面整个句子引导词：which,who,whom,as,介词+which不能用that/Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：定语41.Theparty,___Iwastheguestofhonour,wasextremelyenjoyable.(06-53)A.bywhichB.forwhichC.towhichD.atwhich2.

Heisquitewornoutfromyearsofhardwork.Heisnottheman___hewastwentyyearsago.(03-52)

A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whomVocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句DB/1.Theparty,___Iwasthegu5在以下情况，关系代词只用thata.先行词是不定代词（all/anything/everything/little/much/none/something/theone.etc）b.先行词由形容词最高级或者first/last/only/some/no/very修饰时c.先行词由两个或两个以上兼有人和物Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句/在以下情况，关系代词只用thatVocabulary&G6as用作关系代词,引导定语从句，主要和such连用Wehavesuchgrapesasyouneversaw.Hereturnedwithsuchprovisionsaswereneeded.(见第一节)but用作关系代词,引导定语从句，同具有否定意义的主句连用，先行词可以是人或物，意思接近that(who)…notThereisnotreebutbearssomefruit.

=Thereisnotreethatdoesn’tbearanyfruit.

没有不结果实的树。Thereareveryfewbutadmireyourtalent.

=Thereareveryfewwhodonotadmireyourtalent.没人不佩服你的才华

Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句/as用作关系代词,引导定语从句，主要和such连用Voc7e.g.Nearlyallthestudentsinmyclassaregratefultohimbecausetherewasnotasinglestudent____learntalotfromhim.A.thatB.whoC.butD.whatVocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句C/e.g.Nearlyallthestudentsi81.时间状语从句

时间状语从句的引导词主要有：

when,whenever,as,while,since,until,till,before,after,assoonas,once,directly,immediately,hardly(scarcely)…when,nosooner…thana.如果位于when引导的分句之前的主句使用过去进行时、过去完成时或”was/wereaboutto,was/wereonthepointof”等结构时，when表示突然发生“正在……突然”或“刚……就……”.在这种情况不用as或者while代替when.e.g.

Wewereabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain.

while(当……时候)表示延续性的动作或状态as表示(当……时候)可与when/while替换Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：状语从句/1.时间状语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七9b.(ever)since引导的从句一般要用非延续性动词，主句要用完成时态c.在nosooner…than…/hardly…when/scarcely…when从句中，主句要用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时,如果nosooner,hardly,scarcely在句首，主句倒装，had放在主语前面。e.g.Thecouplehadnosoonergottothestation_than_thecoachleft.(2009)刚到车站，车就出发了。d.themoment/theminute/immediately/directly/instantly也可引导时间状语从句e.需用完成时态的时间状语从句：bythetime,itis/wasthefirsttime…Ihave/had…/Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：状语从句/b.(ever)since引导的从句一般要用非延续性动词，102.条件状语从句条件状语从句的引导词主要有：if/ifonly/unless/aslongas/onconditionthat/provided/providing/supposing/incase(见第六节真实条件句和虚拟语气)3.原因状语从句原因状语从句的引导词主要有：because/as/since/

nowthat(既然)/seeingthat/consideringthat/inthat（因为、在于）/inas/somuchas

(因为)/notthat…butthat4.目的状语从句和结果状语从句目的状语从句的引导词主要有：sothat/inorderthat/lest/forfearthat

结果状语从句的引导词主要有：so/such….that…/withtheresultthat

Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：状语从句/2.条件状语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七、115.让步状语从句让步状语从句的引导词主要有：muchas,though,although,evenif,eventhough,whatever,however,whoever,wherever,nomatterhow/what/where/when/forallthat/inspiteof(thefactthat).Etc.e.g.1

____,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.(2005)A.AlthoughheisasocialistB.EvenifheisascocialistC.BeingasocialistD.Sinceheisasocialist2____hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisassignment.(2008)A.MuchthoughB.MuchasC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuch3____Isympathize,Ican’treallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedifficulties.(2001)A.AslongasB.AsC.WhileD.EvenVocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：状语从句ABC/5.让步状语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七12as/though引导让步从句，要倒装,强调的部分置于句首e.g.

Youngashewas/Childashewas,hecouldspeakfourlanguages.=Youngthoughhewas/Childthoughhewas...=Thoughhewasyoung…

forall（that）表示让步，that可省略=inspiteof(thefactthat)e.g.

Whichofthefollowingitalicizedphraseindicatespurpose?(2011)A.Shesaiditforfun,butotherstookherseriously.B.Forall

itseffort,theteamdidn’twinthematchC.Lindahasworkedforthefirmfor20years.D.HesetoutforBeijingyesterday.Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：状语从句A/as/though引导让步从句，要倒装,强调的部分置于句136.比较状语从句

比较状语从句的引导词主要有：as…as/notso(as)…as/more…than/themore…themore/justas…so/AistoBwhatCistoD/no..more/less…than…/notsomuchas…(见第二节比较结构)7.方式状语从句方式状语从句的引导词主要有：as/asif/asthough/theway/justas…soe.g.Justaswateristofish,soisairtoman.

Treatothersthewayyouwanttobetreated.Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：状语从句/6.比较状语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七、14名词性从句在主从复合句中作主语、宾语、表语或者同位语，语序为陈述句语序。1.主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句a.从属连词that/whether/if只起连接作用，连接从句，不再从句中充当句子成分。b.连接代词what(ever)/which(ever)/who(ever)/whom(ever)既连接从句，又在从句中充当从句的成分c.连接副词when/where/how/why既连接从句，又在从句中作相应的副词充当状语七、从属分句：名词性从句Vocabulary&Grammar/名词性从句在主从复合句中作主语、宾语、表语或者同位语，15主语从句在句中作主语，一般放在句首，多用it作形式主语来代替e.g.Thathesurvivedthecaraccidentisamiracle.=Itisamiraclethathe………..Whetherhecomesornotmakesbodifference.=Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhecomesornot.Itisamysteryhowtheprisonerescaped.结构：Itis+名词/形容词/分词+连接代/副词主语从句what/whatever/whoever/whichever引导主语从句，一般不用it作形式主语Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：名词性从句/主语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句16Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisasubjectclause(主语从句)?(2011)A.Wearequitecertainthatwewillgetthereintime.B.Hehastofacethefactthattherewillbenopayrisethisyear.C.Shesaidthatshehadseenthemanearlierthatmorning.D.Itissheerluckthattheminersarestillaliveaftertendays.七、从属分句：名词性从句Vocabulary&GrammarD/Whichofthefollowingitalici17表语从句表语从句位于系动词之后，作复合句的表语，引导表语从句的that可以省略表语从句的种类：a.由that引导e.g.Mypointisthatyoumayhavetofacetheproblem.b.由连接代/副词引导e.g.That’swhyIcamehere.That’swherethebattletookplace.c.由关系代词what引导e.g.That’swhatIwant.

七、从属分句：名词性从句Vocabulary&Grammar/表语从句七、从属分句：名词性从句Vocabulary&G18宾语从句a.由that引导e.g.

Iknewshewaswrong.

b.由it作形式宾语

e.g.

Ifounditaterriblethingthatyoushouldhavetalkedlikethat.

c.由连接代/副词引导e.g.Shewascurioustoknowwherewehadbeen.d.由whether/if引导e.g.Iwonderwhetheryouwouldminddoingmeafavor.f.由关系代词型what引导，whatever/whichever/whomevere.g.Whoisresponsibleforwhathashappened?(作介词宾语)uIwilldowhateveryouwish.Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：名词性从句/宾语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句19连词whether/if的区别a.Whether可以和or连用

e.g.Whethersheiscomingornotisstillunknown.b.Whether在介词后，引导宾语从句

e.g.Itdependsonwhether…c.与不定式连用e.g.Iamnotsurewhethertoleaveorstayon.七、从属分句：名词性从句Vocabulary&Grammar/连词whether/if的区别七、从属分句：名词性从句Voc20同位语从句在句中作同位语，对名词进一步解释，一般由that引导，that在同位语从句中不能省略，也可由whether或者how来引导e.g.Igotthenewsthathehadleftlastnight.Theyputforwardthequestionhow/wherewecouldgetsuchaloan.常见的跟同位语从句的名词有：fact/belief/opinion/hope/idea/news/rumor/problem/truth/discovery/thought/etc.同位语从句和定语从句区别：

1.

同位语从句是名词性从句，补充说明名词，连接词that只起连接作用，不作从句句子成分2.定语从句是形容词性从句，修饰先行词，代替先行词在句中充当某个成分Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：名词性从句/同位语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分21a.及物动词、介词后若出现从句，则多为名词性从句——宾语从句，构成动宾、介宾结构b.系动词后出现从句，则多为名词性从句——表语从句，构成系表结构c.不及物动词后若出现从句，则多为副词性从句——各类状语从句d.名词、代词后若出现从句，则为形容词性从句——定语从句或者同位语从句，这时，从句功能来判断。七、从属分句Vocabulary&Grammar/a.及物动词、介词后若出现从句，则多为名词性从句——宾语从22连词that和what的区别that：a.可引导定语从句,代替先行词并作句子成分，使从句缺失成分完整b.引导名词性从句，只起连接作用

what：引导名词性从句，且在从句中充当句子成分e.g.1.

Qualityis____countsmost.(2008)A.WhichB.that.C.whatD.where2.After____seemedanendlesswait,itwashisturntoenterthepersonnelmanager’soffice.(2010)A.thatB.itC.whatD.there

3.Mendifferfromanimals____theycanthinkandspeak.(2008)A.forwhichB.forthatC.inthatD.inwhich

in介词后应为宾语从句，且从句成分完整，inthat可连接原因状语，表示因为

七、从属分句Vocabulary&GrammarCCC/连词that和what的区别七、从属分句Vocabulary23连词who和nomatterwho的区别

whoever：a.引导名词性从句或者状语从句

e.g.Wewilltreatwhoevercomesasourfriend.Whoeverbreaksalawdeservesafine.

b.

引导让步状语从句

e.g.Whoevercomes/Nomatterwhocomes,we’lltreathimasourfriend.

Nomatterwho指引导让步状语从句e.g.Nomatterwhobreaksalaw,hedeservesafine.Whoeverbreaksalawdeservesafine.Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句/连词who和nomatterwho的区别Vocabul241.Thegovernmenthaspromisedtodo__liesinitspowertoeasethehardshipsofthevictimsintheflood-strickenarea.(2004)A.howeverB.whicheverC.whateverD.wherever2.____thebosssays,itisunreasonabletoaskmetoworkovertimewithoutpay.(2009)A.WhateverB.wheneverC.WhicheverD.HoweverVocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句CA/1.Thegovernmenthaspromise25Drill1.Idon’tdoubt___hecanfinishthetaskontime.A.whyB.that.C.whetherD.when2.Idoubt____theycanswimacrosstheriver.A.whyB.that.C.whetherD.when3.Idoubt___heisthemurdererbecauseheisnotonthesceneatthatmoment.A.whyB.that.C.whetherD.when4.Ihavedoubts_____everyonepresenthasabout____heistellingthetruth.A.why,ifB.that,whetherC.whether,whomD.when,which5.____memostwasthattheyoungboywhohadlostbotharmsinanaccidentcouldhandleapenwithhisfeet.A.ThatamazedB.ItamazedC.WhichamazedD.WhatamazedBCBBD/Drill1.Idon’tdoubt___heca266.___before,hisfirstperformancefortheamateurdramaticgroupwasasuccess.A.ThoughhavingneveractedB.AshehadneveractedC.DespitehehadneveractedD.Inspiteofhisneverhavingacted7.Bitbybit,achildmakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguage___.A.asotherpeopleB.asotherpeople’sC.likeotherpeopleD.likeotherpeople’s8.Thedesegregationwasachievedthroughanumberofstruggles,___havebeenmentionedinpreviouschapters.A.AfewofwhichB.afewofthemC.afewofthoseD.Afewofthat9.___inthepast,atthemomentitisafavoritechoiceforweddinggown.A.UnpopularhasaswhitebeenB.whitehasbeenasunpopularC.UnpopularhasbeenaswhiteD.Unpopularaswhitehasbeen10.Televisionenableustoseethingshappenalmostattheexactmoment__A.whichtheyarehappeningB.theyarehappeningC.whichtheyhappenD.theyhavehappenedDDADB/6.___before,hisfirstperfo27TEM-4Vocabulary&Grammar七、复合句中的从句（必考点）/TEM-4Vocabulary&Grammar/28七、从属分句复合句=主句+

Vocabulary&Grammar从句定语从句状语从句名词性从句关系代词的选择、限制性和非限制性定语从句的区别时间、地点、比较、原因、结果、程度、目的、条件、让步方式状语从句主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句/七、从属分句复合句=主句+Voc29七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句

有关定语从句：a.定义：在复合句中充当定语，修饰先行词b.先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词c.关系词：引导定语从句的词，起连接作用

关系代词：who/whom/whose/which/that

代替先行词并在定语从句中充当句子成分（主/宾/表语等）

关系副词：when/where/why

作状语定语从句结构：先行词+关系代/副词+从句Vocabulary&Grammar/七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句有关定语从句：Vocabul30

Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句

限定性定语从句（DefiningAttributiveClauses）修饰先行词、紧跟先行词，同先行词之间无逗号隔开关系代词：who/whom(人)which/which（物）whose(人/物)=(ofwhom/which)that(人/物)关系副词：when(at/in/on/duringwhich)where(=in/atwhich)(condition/situation/case/Instance/circumstance)why(=forwhich)(先行词为reason)非限定性定语从句（Non-definingAttributiveClauses）补充说明先行词，跟在先行词后，用逗号和主句隔开，修饰先行词或前面整个句子引导词：which,who,whom,as,介词+which不能用that/Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：定语311.Theparty,___Iwastheguestofhonour,wasextremelyenjoyable.(06-53)A.bywhichB.forwhichC.towhichD.atwhich2.

Heisquitewornoutfromyearsofhardwork.Heisnottheman___hewastwentyyearsago.(03-52)

A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whomVocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句DB/1.Theparty,___Iwasthegu32在以下情况，关系代词只用thata.先行词是不定代词（all/anything/everything/little/much/none/something/theone.etc）b.先行词由形容词最高级或者first/last/only/some/no/very修饰时c.先行词由两个或两个以上兼有人和物Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句/在以下情况，关系代词只用thatVocabulary&G33as用作关系代词,引导定语从句，主要和such连用Wehavesuchgrapesasyouneversaw.Hereturnedwithsuchprovisionsaswereneeded.(见第一节)but用作关系代词,引导定语从句，同具有否定意义的主句连用，先行词可以是人或物，意思接近that(who)…notThereisnotreebutbearssomefruit.

=Thereisnotreethatdoesn’tbearanyfruit.

没有不结果实的树。Thereareveryfewbutadmireyourtalent.

=Thereareveryfewwhodonotadmireyourtalent.没人不佩服你的才华

Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句/as用作关系代词,引导定语从句，主要和such连用Voc34e.g.Nearlyallthestudentsinmyclassaregratefultohimbecausetherewasnotasinglestudent____learntalotfromhim.A.thatB.whoC.butD.whatVocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：定语（关系）从句C/e.g.Nearlyallthestudentsi351.时间状语从句

时间状语从句的引导词主要有：

when,whenever,as,while,since,until,till,before,after,assoonas,once,directly,immediately,hardly(scarcely)…when,nosooner…thana.如果位于when引导的分句之前的主句使用过去进行时、过去完成时或”was/wereaboutto,was/wereonthepointof”等结构时，when表示突然发生“正在……突然”或“刚……就……”.在这种情况不用as或者while代替when.e.g.

Wewereabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain.

while(当……时候)表示延续性的动作或状态as表示(当……时候)可与when/while替换Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：状语从句/1.时间状语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七36b.(ever)since引导的从句一般要用非延续性动词，主句要用完成时态c.在nosooner…than…/hardly…when/scarcely…when从句中，主句要用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时,如果nosooner,hardly,scarcely在句首，主句倒装，had放在主语前面。e.g.Thecouplehadnosoonergottothestation_than_thecoachleft.(2009)刚到车站，车就出发了。d.themoment/theminute/immediately/directly/instantly也可引导时间状语从句e.需用完成时态的时间状语从句：bythetime,itis/wasthefirsttime…Ihave/had…/Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：状语从句/b.(ever)since引导的从句一般要用非延续性动词，372.条件状语从句条件状语从句的引导词主要有：if/ifonly/unless/aslongas/onconditionthat/provided/providing/supposing/incase(见第六节真实条件句和虚拟语气)3.原因状语从句原因状语从句的引导词主要有：because/as/since/

nowthat(既然)/seeingthat/consideringthat/inthat（因为、在于）/inas/somuchas

(因为)/notthat…butthat4.目的状语从句和结果状语从句目的状语从句的引导词主要有：sothat/inorderthat/lest/forfearthat

结果状语从句的引导词主要有：so/such….that…/withtheresultthat

Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：状语从句/2.条件状语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七、385.让步状语从句让步状语从句的引导词主要有：muchas,though,although,evenif,eventhough,whatever,however,whoever,wherever,nomatterhow/what/where/when/forallthat/inspiteof(thefactthat).Etc.e.g.1

____,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.(2005)A.AlthoughheisasocialistB.EvenifheisascocialistC.BeingasocialistD.Sinceheisasocialist2____hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisassignment.(2008)A.MuchthoughB.MuchasC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuch3____Isympathize,Ican’treallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedifficulties.(2001)A.AslongasB.AsC.WhileD.EvenVocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：状语从句ABC/5.让步状语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七39as/though引导让步从句，要倒装,强调的部分置于句首e.g.

Youngashewas/Childashewas,hecouldspeakfourlanguages.=Youngthoughhewas/Childthoughhewas...=Thoughhewasyoung…

forall（that）表示让步，that可省略=inspiteof(thefactthat)e.g.

Whichofthefollowingitalicizedphraseindicatespurpose?(2011)A.Shesaiditforfun,butotherstookherseriously.B.Forall

itseffort,theteamdidn’twinthematchC.Lindahasworkedforthefirmfor20years.D.HesetoutforBeijingyesterday.Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：状语从句A/as/though引导让步从句，要倒装,强调的部分置于句406.比较状语从句

比较状语从句的引导词主要有：as…as/notso(as)…as/more…than/themore…themore/justas…so/AistoBwhatCistoD/no..more/less…than…/notsomuchas…(见第二节比较结构)7.方式状语从句方式状语从句的引导词主要有：as/asif/asthough/theway/justas…soe.g.Justaswateristofish,soisairtoman.

Treatothersthewayyouwanttobetreated.Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：状语从句/6.比较状语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七、41名词性从句在主从复合句中作主语、宾语、表语或者同位语，语序为陈述句语序。1.主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句a.从属连词that/whether/if只起连接作用，连接从句，不再从句中充当句子成分。b.连接代词what(ever)/which(ever)/who(ever)/whom(ever)既连接从句，又在从句中充当从句的成分c.连接副词when/where/how/why既连接从句，又在从句中作相应的副词充当状语七、从属分句：名词性从句Vocabulary&Grammar/名词性从句在主从复合句中作主语、宾语、表语或者同位语，42主语从句在句中作主语，一般放在句首，多用it作形式主语来代替e.g.Thathesurvivedthecaraccidentisamiracle.=Itisamiraclethathe………..Whetherhecomesornotmakesbodifference.=Itmakesnodifferencewhetherhecomesornot.Itisamysteryhowtheprisonerescaped.结构：Itis+名词/形容词/分词+连接代/副词主语从句what/whatever/whoever/whichever引导主语从句，一般不用it作形式主语Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：名词性从句/主语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句43Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisasubjectclause(主语从句)?(2011)A.Wearequitecertainthatwewillgetthereintime.B.Hehastofacethefactthattherewillbenopayrisethisyear.C.Shesaidthatshehadseenthemanearlierthatmorning.D.Itissheerluckthattheminersarestillaliveaftertendays.七、从属分句：名词性从句Vocabulary&GrammarD/Whichofthefollowingitalici44表语从句表语从句位于系动词之后，作复合句的表语，引导表语从句的that可以省略表语从句的种类：a.由that引导e.g.Mypointisthatyoumayhavetofacetheproblem.b.由连接代/副词引导e.g.That’swhyIcamehere.That’swherethebattletookplace.c.由关系代词what引导e.g.That’swhatIwant.

七、从属分句：名词性从句Vocabulary&Grammar/表语从句七、从属分句：名词性从句Vocabulary&G45宾语从句a.由that引导e.g.

Iknewshewaswrong.

b.由it作形式宾语

e.g.

Ifounditaterriblethingthatyoushouldhavetalkedlikethat.

c.由连接代/副词引导e.g.Shewascurioustoknowwherewehadbeen.d.由whether/if引导e.g.Iwonderwhetheryouwouldminddoingmeafavor.f.由关系代词型what引导，whatever/whichever/whomevere.g.Whoisresponsibleforwhathashappened?(作介词宾语)uIwilldowhateveryouwish.Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：名词性从句/宾语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句46连词whether/if的区别a.Whether可以和or连用

e.g.Whethersheiscomingornotisstillunknown.b.Whether在介词后，引导宾语从句

e.g.Itdependsonwhether…c.与不定式连用e.g.Iamnotsurewhethertoleaveorstayon.七、从属分句：名词性从句Vocabulary&Grammar/连词whether/if的区别七、从属分句：名词性从句Voc47同位语从句在句中作同位语，对名词进一步解释，一般由that引导，that在同位语从句中不能省略，也可由whether或者how来引导e.g.Igotthenewsthathehadleftlastnight.Theyputforwardthequestionhow/wherewecouldgetsuchaloan.常见的跟同位语从句的名词有：fact/belief/opinion/hope/idea/news/rumor/problem/truth/discovery/thought/etc.同位语从句和定语从句区别：

1.

同位语从句是名词性从句，补充说明名词，连接词that只起连接作用，不作从句句子成分2.定语从句是形容词性从句，修饰先行词，代替先行词在句中充当某个成分Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分句：名词性从句/同位语从句Vocabulary&Grammar七、从属分48a.及物动词、介词后若出现从句，则多为名词性从句——宾语从句，构成动宾、介宾结构b.系动词后出现从句，则多为名词性从句——表语从句，构成系表结构c.不及物动词后若出现从句，则多为副词性从句——各类状语从句d.名词、代词后若出现从句，则为形容词性从句——定语从句或者同位语从句，这时，从句功能来判断。七、从属分句Vocabulary&Grammar/a.及物动词、介词后若出现从句，则多为名词性从句——宾语从49连词that和what的区别that：a.可引导定语从句,代替先行词并作句子成分，使从句缺失成分完整b.引导名词性从句，只起连接作用

what：引导名词性从句，且在从句中充当句子成分e.g.1.

Qualityis____countsmost.(2008)A.WhichB.that.C.whatD.where2.After____seemedanendlesswait,itwashisturntoenterthepersonnelmanager’soffice.(2010)A.thatB.itC.whatD.there

3.Mendifferfromanimals____theycanthinkandspeak.(2008)A.forwhichB.forthatC.inthatD.inwhich

in介词后应为宾语从句，且从句成分完整，inthat可连接原因状语，表示因为

七、从属分句Vocabulary&GrammarCCC/连词that和what的区别七、从属分句Vocabulary50连词who和nomatterwho的区别

whoever：a.引导名词性从句或者状语从句

e.g.Wewilltreatwhoevercomesasourfriend.Whoeverbreaksalawdeservesafine.

b.

引导让步状语从句

e.g.Whoevercomes/Nomatterwhocomes,we’lltreathimasourfriend.

Nomatterwho指引导让步状语从句