中学学习社区-八上英语unit

OxfordEnglishReadingModule1AmazingthingsOxfordEnglishUnit

2NumbersC1Thewordsinitalicsarefromthestoryonpage19.Matchthetwohalvesofthesesentencestomakethemmeaningful.Vocabulary1Whenyouaskawisepersonfor

help,ayoutellhim/herthatyouwillgivehim/herthepresentfor

sure.2Ifyoupromisesomebodyapresent,byouknowsomethingiswrong.3Ifyougetaprizeinagame,cyougetthenumber4.4Whenyoudoublethenumber2dyouwanthim/hertogiveyougoodadvice.5Whenyourealizetheproblem,eyouwinsomethingfordoingverywell.daecbVocabularydoubleprizepromiserealizewiseAyoungmanoncetalkedtoa(1)_________oldman.“Iwona(2)_________andhavealittlegoldnow,butIwantmuchmore,”hesaid.“Canyouhelpme?”Theoldmanlookedathim.“Icanteachyouhowtomakemoremoneyifyou(3)___________tofollowmyadvice,”hesaid.wiseprizepromiseC2Completethestorybelowwiththewordsfromthebox.Changetheirformsifnecessary.Theyoungmanagreed.Thentheoldmantooktheyoungmantoawindow.“Lookoutside,”hesaid.“Icanseenothingbutanemptyfield,”theyoungmansaid.“Useyourmoneytobuythisfield,”saidtheoldman,“andgrowsomecotton.Inayear,youcansellthecottonand(4)___________yourmoney.”Theyoungman(5)___________whattheoldmanmeant.Fromthenonhewasnotlazyanymore.Heworkedhardallyearround.doublerealizeddoubleprizepromiserealizewiseGettingreadyWhat’sinLo’srighthand?What’sinHi’shands? WhatquestiondidLoask?WhatdidHisay?Acalculator.Acat.Cananimalscount?Hejokedbysayinghiscatcouldcount.

Lookatthecartoonandanswerthequestions.Whatdoweusenumbersfor?Weusenumbersto…BrainstormshowthetemperaturetelltimeanddatetelltheweightWhatdoyouknowabout…?AYoucanfindnumberseverywhereinyourdailylife.Lookatthephotosandwritethecorrectnumbersintheblanks.1Todayis_______September.2Itis_______°C.3Itis_______.4Theyare______grams.5Itis_________centimetreslong.6Itis__________yuan.1/1st2310:1052617.803.90degree(s)

centigrade=degree(s)Celsiusdegree(s)Fahrenheit

thermometer

scale

pricetag6:006:096:156:306:346:456:551/22/31/43/4ReadthenumbersinEnglish.Numbersabouttimesixo’clocknine(minutes)pastsix/sixnine(a)quarterpastsix/sixfifteenhalfpastsix/sixthirtytwenty-sixtoseven/sixthirty-four(a)quartertoseven/sixforty-fivefive(minutes)toseven/sixfifty-fiveonesecond=ahalftwothirdsonequarter=onefourththreequartersWhoarethepeopleinthefirstpicture?aThekingandhisson.bThekingandhisbrother.cThekingandanoldman.B

Lookatthepictures,thetitleofthestoryandthefirstsentencesofparagraphs1and2onpage19.Thencirclethecorrectanswers.BeforeyoureadThekingandthericeawiseoldmantheking2Whataretheydoing?aPlayingchess.bGrowingrice.cPlayingcards.chessboard3Wheredidthestoryprobablyhappen?aInChina.bInIndia.cInJapan.turban[ˈtɜ:bən]MakepredictionsLookatthepicturesandthetitleofthestoryagain.Thenanswerthequestionsbelow.1.Whowonthegame,thekingorthewiseoldman?2.Whatprizedidthewiseoldmanwant,silver,gold

or

somethingelse?3.Wouldthekinggivehimtheprizehewanted?4.Whyisthetitle“Thekingandtherice”?ThebeginningThekingandthericeAlongtimeago,therewasakinginIndia.Theking’sfavouritegamewaschess.Oneday,awiseoldmancametothepalaceandthekingchallengedhimtoagame.Thekingpromisedtheoldman,“Youcanhaveanyprizeifyouwinthegame.”ReadParagraphs1and2.1.ThestoryhappenedinancientItaly.2.Theoldmanchallengedthekingtoachessgameintheking’spalace.3.Thekingpromisedtogivetheoldmananythinghewantediftheoldmanwonthegame.IndiaFDecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.FTThekingtheoldmanTheoldmansaid,“IfIwinthegame,I’dlikeonegrainofriceforthefirstsquareofthechessboard,twoforthesecond,fourforthethird,andthendoubletheamountforeachoftherestofthesquares.”“Isthatall?”askedtheking.“Wouldn’tyoulikegoldorsilverinstead?”“No,justrice,”repliedtheoldman.

ReadParagraphs3,4and5.ThemiddleMatchthesentenceswiththecharacters.Hewantedonlyrice.Hewantedtohave2n-1grainsofriceputoneachsquareofthechessboard.Heofferedgoldorsilver.Thekingandtheoldmanplayedthegameforalongtime.Finally,theoldmanwon.Sothekingorderedhismentocollectabagofrice.Heputonegrainonthefirstsquare,twoonthesecond,andsoon.Thekingquicklyrealizedtheproblem—evenwithallthericeinthecountry,hewouldstillnothaveenoughricetoputonallthesquares!TheendingReadParagraph6.Putthefollowingsentencesintothecorrectorder.aThekinglostthegame.bThekingputonegrainonthefirstsquare,twoonthesecond,andsoon.cThekingandtheoldmanplayedthegameforalongtime.dThekingrealizedhewouldn’thaveenoughricetoputonallthesquares.cabdComprehensionD1Readthestoryonpage19andcompletethetablebelow.inIndiawiseoldmanthewiseoldmananyprizealongtimeTheoldmanenoughrice1Thekinglovedtoplaygames.(Theking’sfavourite…)____________________________________________________2Thekingthoughttheoldmanaskedtoolittlefortheprize.(“Isthatall?”…)________________________________________________________________________________________________________3Thekingdidnothaveenoughricefortheoldman.(Thekingquicklyrealized…)________________________________________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________

ComprehensionTheking’sfavouritegamewaschess.“Isthatall?”askedtheking.“Wouldn’tyoulikegoldorsilverinstead?”D2Findfactsinthestorytosupportthesestatementsabouttheking.Writedownthefacts.Thekingquicklyrealizedtheproblem—evenwithallthericeinthecountry,hewouldstillnothaveenoughricetoputonallthesquares!Role-playKing’sservant1:Whatwastheking’sfavouritegame?King’sservant2:King’sservant1:Whomdidthekingwanttoplayagamewith?King’sservant2:King’sservant1:Wheredidtheyplaythegame?King’sservant2:King’sservant1:Whatdidthekingpromisethewiseoldman?King’sservant2:Theking’sfavouritegamewaschess.Awiseoldman.Inthepalace.Hepromisedthewiseoldmanthathecouldhaveanyprizeifhewonthegame.Inpairs,actoutthefollowingdialogue.King’sservant1:Whatdidtheoldmanwant?King’sservant2:King’sservant1:Whowonthegameintheend?King’sservant2:Hewantedonegrainofriceforthefirstsquareofthechessboard,twoforthesecond,fourforthethird,andthendoubletheamount

foreachoftherestofthesquares.Thewiseoldman.King’sservant1:Whatdidthekingaskyoutodo?King’sservant2:King’sservant1:Whatdidthekingdothen?King’sservant2:King’sservant1:Whathappenedthen?King’sservant2:Heputonegrainonthefirstsquare,twoonthesecond,andsoon.Thekingaskedustocollectabagofrice.Herealizedthatevenwithallthericeinthecountry,hewouldstillnothaveenoughricetoputonallthesquares.Actoutthedialogue.ShowtimeFindoutwhosaidthesewords.MakeinferencesIamgoodatchess.Iwanttoplayagameofchessagainstyou.Areyoureadytotellmewhatyouwant?IthinkIcanmakeyourdreamcometrue.Areyousureyouhaveenoughriceforme?Sorry,YourMajesty,thebagofriceisusedup.That’simpossible.Howcouldthathappen?Thatisthesecretofmaths.TheKingTheoldmanTheKing’sservantsThekingorderedhismentocollectabagofrice.Inferhowthekingfeltandwhathethoughtbeforeandafterthegame.Discussyourinferenceswithyourclassmatesandfindthefactsfromthestorytosupportthem.BeforethegameAfterthegameThekingthoughthecoulddefeattheoldman.Yudconfident…Thekingthoughttheprizewaseasytopay.Thekingwassurprised.…Thinkanddiscuss9,223,372,036,854,775,808grainsofrice263grainsofriceWhatdoyouthinkoftheoldman?Ifyouweretheking,whatelsewouldyouoffertheoldman?Ifyouweretheoldman,whatwouldyouwantinsteadoftherice?D3Howmanygrainsofriceshouldthekingputonthelastsquare?Discussthiswithyourclassmates.2的4次方:2tothepoweroffour或2tothefourthpower

ChecksomeMathsproblems.(P17)checkv.检查，核实n.检查，支票[cheque]，账单Ourteachercheckedourhomework.

checkin(在机场/旅馆)办理登记手续check-inPleasecheckinatgatenumber5.

checkout办理手续离开;查证，核实Youmustcheckoutbefore12o’clock.Thepolicecheckedouthisstorywithothersuspects.

doublecheck=checksth.twiceMakesureyoudoublecheckthespelling.runacheckonsth.=checksth.Languagepoints

ChecksomeMblem/questionsproblem多指有待解决的问题，特别是疑难问题或令人疑惑的事或情况。常与workout和solve等搭配。workouttheproblem=solvetheproblemdealwiththeproblemquestion意思相对广泛，指需要提出或回答的具体问题。常与ask或者answer搭配使用。askquestionsanswerthequestion=replytothequestionhaveproblems(in)doingsth.做某事有困难=havesomedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.Theyhaveproblems(in)gettingthereontime.haveproblemswithsth.做某事有问题Ihadproblemswithmyhomework.Itis17.8centimeterslong.(P18)在英语中表示长宽高等的数量时，通常用“基数词+表示单位的名词”[meter(s)/foot/feet/centi-meter(s)+形容词(long/wide/high等)Thebridgeisabout50meterslong.=Thebridgeisabout50metersinlength.Theyareonly15centimeterswide.=Theyareonly15centimetersinwidth.Thetreeisfivemetershigh.Theboyis1.50meterstall.=Thehouse/boyis…inheight.Playingchess.play后跟球类，棋类等名词的时候，名词前面不用冠词。playfootball/basketball/volleyballplay后跟乐器类名词时，名词前用定冠词the.playtheviolin/thepiano/drumplayErhu/Pipa[也可写作ErHu,PiPa,是专有名词.专有名词前一般不用冠词，而piano,violin是普通名词]*就象度量衡的单位名词fen,jiao,yuan,jin,li其实都是可数名词,threejin,tenli只是单复数同形而已*playwith.和…玩耍playwithfire/waterTheboyisplayingwithhisball.Don’tplaywithhim.Heistooselfish.

Alongtimeago,therewas…

很久以前onceuponatime=alongtimeago=longlongago=longago=manyyearsagotherebe句型表示人或物的存在,讲故事时经常

会使用therewas/were….Oneday,awiseoldmancametothepalaceandtheKingchallengedhimtoagame.oneday/somedayOneday,theoldmanwasseriouslyill.Ithinkmydreamwillcometrueoneday/someday.oneday(过去)有一天，(将来)总有一天用于过去时或将来时someday(将来)总有一天一般用于将来时challenge可以用作及物动词，表示“向(人)挑战(做……)”的意思。Hechallengedanyonetobeathim.challenge可用作名词。作为名词可以表达“(挑战、决斗、比赛等的)邀请;挑战书等”,后面有时与介词to相连。achallengetoviolence向暴力挑战give(offer)achallenge挑战accept/takeupachallenge接受挑战，应战accept(takeup)achallengetorunaraceThekingpromisedtheoldman,“Youcanhaveanyprizeifyouwinthegame.”if引导条件状语从句，主句用将来时态，从句用一般现在时。Ifhecomes,hewillbringhisviolin.在含有if的条件状语从句中,主句谓语含有情态动词may,might,can,must,should等,if从句用一般现在时。Ifitstopssnowing,wecangoout.在含有when,assoonas,until,after,before等引导的时间状语从句中，也要主将从现。Iwilltellhimassoonashecomesback.TheKingpromisedtheoldman,“You

canhaveanyprizeifyouwinthegame.”any在本句中作限定词修饰prize,这是一个肯定句。any用于肯定句表示“任何一个”,后面可接可数名词单数形式。Getmesomefruit,please.Anysortwilldo.Compare:ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofanyothercityinChina.ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofanycityinJapan.I’dlikeonegrainofriceforthefirstsquareofthechessboard…wouldlike想要=want,但是在语气上比want更委婉，常用语口语中。wouldlikesth.想要某物Iwouldlikesomeapplejuice.wouldliketodosth.想做某事Hewouldliketoeatsomebananas.wouldlikesb.todosth.想让别人做某事I’dlikeyoutogowithme.回答Wouldyoulikesth.?肯定Yes,please.

否定No,thanks.I’dlikeonegrainofriceforthefirstsquareofthechessboard…回答Wouldyouliketodosth.?肯定Yes,I’dlike/loveto.否定I’dlike/loveto,but…Wouldn’tyoulike…难道你不喜欢…这是一个否定形式的一般疑问句，回答时依据事实:事实是肯定的，就作肯定回答。--Wouldn’tyouliketogoshoppingwithme?--Yes,I’dliketo.(不，我愿意和你一起去。)I’dlikeonegrainofriceforthefirstsquareofthechessboard…grainn.谷物five-graincerealThereareafewgrainsofriceonthetable.grain表示“谷粒”时是可数名词，表示“谷物”时是不可数名词。TheUSisamajorproducerofgrain.grain还可以表达“颗粒”之意,agrainofsand/salt/sugar…andthendoubletheamountforeachoftherestofthesquares.doubletheamount数量加倍rest作名词，意为“其余；剩余部分”，常与定冠词the连用，有时它的后面也可以跟of短语。Ifyougivefivedollars,theywillmakeuptherest.therest作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要视具体情况而定；如果所指代的为可数名词复数，则视为复数；如果指代的为不可数名词或可数名词的单数形式，则视为单数。Therestoftheworkersarefromthecountry.

Therestofthemoneywasdonatedtocharities.“Isthatall?”askedtheking.Isthatall?就这些吗?这就是全部吗?--Ms.Lee,thisismyhomework.--Isthatall?Sothekingorderedhismentocollectabagofrice.ordersb.todosth.“命令某人做某事”。类似结构的动词还有：ask,tell,allow等。Thedoctororderedhertorestforaweek.Heputonegrainonthefirstsquare,…andsoon.andsoon等等，以此类推Theysellpens,pencils,paperandsoon.Icanteachyouhowtomakemoremoneyifyoupromisetofollowmyadvice.howtomakemoremoney是“疑问词+动词不定式(短语)”,在句中作teach的宾语.疑问词what/who/whom/which/whether/wherewhen/how后接动词不定式(短语)”,在句中可以作主语,宾语和表语。*Why后面不可以跟不定式。Wheretolookforhimisaproblem.Hetaughtmehowtopronounceit.Themainproblemiswhethertoworkinthiscompany.I

canseenothingbutanemptyfield.nothingbut=only只是，仅仅,后面可以接名词或者名词短语。nothingbut也可以拆开用。Heatenothingbutapieceofbreadthismorning.Ifoundnothingintheboxbutanapple.*nothingbutdosth.(此时,nothing前有do或者其变形,but后用动词原形.)Lastnight,Ididnothingbutwatchafilm.nothingbuttodosth.(此时,nothing前面没有do或其变形,but后接动词原形.)Iwantnothingbuttohaveawordwithyou.Fromthenon,hewasnotlazyanymore.not…anymore=nomore不再,但是两者位置不同not…anymore中的not常与连系动词be/助动词/情态动词连用,anymore谓语句末,而nomore则位于连系动词be/助动词/情态动词后,实义动词前。Thegirldidn’tcryanymore.=Thegirlnomorecried.not…anymore/nomore多表示数量或者程度上“不再”修饰的动词一般为非延续性动词，表示动作不再发生not…anylonger/nolonger多表示在时间和距离上“不再”修饰的动词一般为延续性动词，表示动作不再延续Iwon’tplaycomputergamesanymore.=Iwillnomoreplaycomputergames.Shedoesn’tlivehereanylonger.=Shenolongerliveshere.Wherethestorytookplace.takeplace/happentakeplace表示发生多指非偶然事件的发生，即这种事件的发生有某种原因或事先安排。happen表示发生一般用于偶然或突发事件，没有预见性。Somechangeshavetakenplaceinourvillage.Anaccidenthappenedinthatstreet.OxfordEnglishListeningModule1AmazingthingsOxfordEnglishUnit

2NumbersDecimalsReadthedecimalsaloud.Readthedecimalsaloud.onepointofoursixeight26.231385.548.48526.4321.0468twenty-sixpointtwothreeonethousandthreehundredandeighty-fivepointfiveforty-eightpointfoureightfivehundredandtwenty-sixpointfourthreetwoPercentagesReadthepercentagesaloud.ninepointfourfivepercent0.5%21%33.33%100%9.45%zeropointfivepercenttwenty-onepercentthirty-threepointthreethreepercentonehundredpercentDates1990nineteenninety2010twentyten1806eighteenosix1900nineteenhundred 2000twothousandReadtheyearsaloud.2001twothousandandoneReadtheyearsaloud.tensixteen19021814203516661016nineteenotwoeighteenfourteentwentythirty-fivesixteensixty-sixReadthemonthsaloud.1月January(Jan.)2月February(Feb.)3月March(Mar.)4月April(Apr.)5月May6月June7月July8月August(Aug.)9月September(Sept.)10月October(Oct.)

11月November(Nov.)12月December(Dec.)BritishEnglishAmericanEnglish12/3/19993/12/199912March1999the12thofMarch1999March12,1999March12th,1999thetwelfthofMarch/Marchthetwelfth,nineteenninety-nineMarchtwelfth,nineteenninety-nineReadthedatesaloud.Readthedatesaloud.thefourteenthofApril/Aprilthefourteenth,twentyeleven2January1999September30,200916June1857March3,175814April2011thesecondofJanuary/Januarythesecond,nineteenninety-nineSeptemberthirtieth,twothousandandninethesixteenthofJune/Junethesixteenth,eighteenfifty-sevenMarchthird,seventeenfifty-eightMay22,197712October1900Maytwenty-s