八年级上UNIT2学案 2

好学友教育进步热线：076981292050，82662833关注孩子成长每一天第13页共13页Orallanguage1.Don'tgivemeanyexcuses.2,Totellthetruth,Idon'tlikedisco.Topic:Doyouprefercoolweatherorwarmweather?why?Doeskeepingpetsbringpeopleanytrouble?(infected)Article:A:WeatherPredict

Afilmcrewwasonlocationdeepinthedesert.OnedayanoldIndianwentuptothedirectorandsaid,"Tomorrowrain."Thenextdayitrained.

Aweeklater,theIndianwentuptothedirectorandsaid,"Tomorrowstorm."Thenextdaytherewasahailstorm.

"ThisIndianisincredible,"saidthedirector.HetoldhissecretarytohiretheIndiantopredicttheweather.

However,afterseveralsuccessfulpredictions,theoldIndiandidn'tshowupfortwoweeks.

Finallythedirectorsentforhim."Ihavetoshootabigscenetomorrow,"saidthedirector,"andI'mdependingonyou.Whatwilltheweatherbelike?"

TheIndianshruggedhisshoulders."Don'tknow,"hesaid."Radioisbroken."BAfriendofminenamedPaulreceivedanexpensivecarfromhisbrotherasaChristmaspresent.OnChristmasEvewhenPaulcameoutofhisoffice,astreeturchinwaswalkingaroundtheshiningcar.“Isthisyourcar,Paul?”heasked.

Paulanswered,“Yes,mybrothergaveittomeforChristmas.”Theboywassurprised.“Youmeanyourbrothergaveittoyouanditdidn’tcostyounothing?Boy,Iwish…”Hehesitated.

OfcoursePaulknewwhathewasgoingtowishfor.Hewasgoingtowishhehadabrotherlikethat.ButwhattheboysaidsurprisedPaulgreatly.

“Iwish,”theboywenton,“thatIcouldbeabrotherlikethat.”Paullookedattheboyinsurprise,thenhesaidagain,“Wouldyouliketotakearideinmycar?”

“Ohyes,I’dlovethat.”

Afterashortride,theboyturnedandwithhiseyesshining,said,“Paul,wouldyouminddrivinginfrontofmyhouse?”

Paulsmiledalittle.Hethoughtheknewwhattheboywanted.Hewantedtoshowhisneighboursthathecouldridehomeinabigcar.ButPaulwaswrongagain.“Willyoustopwherethosetwostepsare?”theboyasked.

Heranuptothesteps.TheninashortwhilePaulheardhimcomingback,buthewasnotcomingfast.Hewascarryinghislittlecrippledbrother.Hesathimdownonthestepandpointedtothecar.

“Theresheis,Buddy,justlikeItoldyouupstairs.HisbrothergaveittohimforChristmasanditdidn’tcosthimacent.AndsomedayI’mgoingtogiveyouonejustlikeit…thenyoucanseeforyourselfallthenicethingsintheChristmaswindowthatI’vebeentryingtotellyouabout.”

Paulgotoutandliftedtheboytothefrontseatofhiscar.Theshining-eyedolderbrotherclimbedinbesidehimandthethreeofthembegananunforgettableholidayride.

()1.Thestreeturchinwasverysurprisedwhen_______________A.PaulreceivedanexpensivecarB.Paultoldhimaboutthecar

C.hesawtheshiningcarD.hewaswalkingaroundthecar

()2.Fromthestorywecanseetheurchin_______________

A.wishedtogivehisbrotheracar

B.wantedPaul’sbrothertogivehimacar

C.wishedhecouldhaveabrotherlikePaul’s

D.wishedPaulcouldbeabrotherlikethat

()3.TheurchinaskedPaultostophiscarinfrontofhishouse____________

A.toshowhisneighboursthebigcar

B.toshowhehadarichfriend

C.tolethisbrotherrideinthecar

D.totellhisbrotherabouthiswish

()4.Wecaninfer（推断）fromthestorythat___________

A.Paulcouldn’tunderstandtheurchin

B.theurchinhadadeeploveforhisbrotherC.theurchinwishedtohavearichbrother

D.theurchin’swishcametrueintheend

()5.Thebestnameofthestoryis____________

A.AChristmasPresentB.AStreetUrchin

C.ABrotherLikeThatD.AnUnforgettableHolidayRide

Unit8I’llhelpcleanupthecityparks.重点、难点、考点及疑点注释1.I’dliketohelphomelesspeople.(P60)我想帮助无家可归的人。homeless是形容词，意为“无家可归的”，由home+后缀-less构成。特别提示less后缀通常加在名词的后面，构成形容词，表示与原来名词意思相反的形容词，如groundless无根据的，odorless无气味的,careless粗心的，useless无用的。2.Youcouldhelpcleanupthecityparks.(P60)你可以帮着打扫城市公园。◎cleanup是“清除、除去（垃圾、污物）”等，使地方干净。Pleasecleanuptheroomaftertheparty.聚会后把房间打扫干净。Weshouldcleanupthedirtypartsofthesea.我们应该清除海里的污染部分。◎cleanup还可以表示“挣得，赢得（多少钱）”。Hecleanedupasmallfortune.他发了一笔小财。特别提示cleanoneselfup意为“洗干净”。Yourhandsaredirty,you’dbettercleanyourselfup.你的手脏了，你应该洗洗它们。3.Youcouldgiveoutfoodatafoodbank.(P60)你可以在食品供应站分发食品。giveout在这里是“分发”，“散发”的意思。OurEnglishteachergaveouttheexaminationpaperswhenthebellrang.我们的英语老师在铃响的时候分发试卷。◎另外一个意思为“用完”，“消耗尽”。Afteraweektheirfoodsuppliesgaveout.一周之后，他们的食物供应用完了。◎还有一个意思为“发出”，“送出”。Thesungivesoutalotofheat.太阳能发出热量。4.Helookssad.Let’scheerhimup.(P61)他看上去很伤心。我们去帮他振作起来吧。cheerupsb或cheersbup意为“（使某人）高兴起来，振作起来”。如果是代词做宾语，则将代词放在中间。Cheerup!Thenewsisn’ttoobad.不要发愁啦，这消息不错嘛！Hetookhertotheballettocheerherup.他为了使她高兴起来，便带她去看芭蕾舞。5.Thisvolunteerworktakeseachofthemseveralhoursaweek,soitisamajorcommitment.(P62)这份义工每周花了他们每个人好几个小时的时间，所以这是一个重大的贡献。(1)eachofthem是指“他们中的每一个”。如果做主语，则谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。知识拓展each与every的用法◎each指一个整体中的每一个，强调个体；every着重于全体的总和，强调整体。试比较：Eachhasadifferentbook.（强调各有不同。）Hereeverychildattheageofsixcangotoschool.（侧重整体，无一例外。）◎each可作形容词及代词，而every只能作形容词，但可与-one，-body，-thing等构成复合代词。◎each用在代词或复数名词前要用介词of连接，如eachofthem,eachoftheboys;every不能直接跟of连接，如不可以说everyofthem，而要说everyoneofthem或eachofthem。◎every还可以表示“每隔”，后接基数词加名词，如everyfourweeks,everythreemonths等，此种结构中的every不能用each代替。Shehadaresteveryfivesminutes.她每隔5分钟就休息一会儿。魔力纠错①街道两旁有许多商店。误：Therearemanyshopsoneverysideofthestreet.正：Therearemanyshopsoneachsideofthestreet.魔力解析each可以用来指两个或两个以上的人或物，但是every却总是指三个或三个以上的人或物，不能指两者。6.NotonlydoIfeelgoodabouthelpingotherpeople,butIgettospendtimedoingwhatIlovetodo.(P62)我不仅对帮助别人感到很满足，而且我还渐渐地花时间做自己喜爱做的事情。(1)notonly...butalso(also可省略)是“不但……而且……”的意思，当置于句首时，notonly后面从句的主谓要倒装，但but（also）后面的主谓不用倒装。NotonlyhashebeentoCanada,but(also)heknowssomeCanadians.他不仅去过加拿大，而且还认识许多加拿大人。Notonlydidheteachatschool,but(also)hewrotenovels.他不仅在学校里教书，而且还写小说。7.“Don’tputitoff,”saysHuiPing.“Becomeavolunteertoday!”(P62)“别犹豫”，慧萍说，“今天就来当一名自愿者吧！”(1)putoff意思是“推迟，拖延”。Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatmaybedonetoday.今日事今日毕。Theyputoffthesoccergamebecauseoftherain.因为下雨，他们把球赛推迟了。Youshouldnotputoffgoingtoseethedoctor.你不应该拖延去看医生。◎putoff还可意为“关掉”，相当于turnoff。Pleaseputoffthelightsbeforeyouleavetheclassroom.在你离开教室之前，请关掉灯。(2)become是系动词，表示“变成，成为”，后面接名词、形容词、过去分词等。Shebecamefamousinhercity.她在她所在城市的成为名人了。知识拓展become后可接介词of，构成whatbecomesofsb/sth表示“某人/某事进展如何”。Whatbecameofthedreamsofouryouth?我们年轻时的理想何在？特别提示系动词get,turn,grow和become都可表示“变得，感到”，其区别是：◎get用于日常用语，后面常跟比较级。Theweathergetscolder,andthedaysgetshorter.天气变冷了，白天变短了。◎turn指在颜色和性质等方面变得与原来不同。Hisfaceturnedred.他的脸变红了。◎grow着重变化过程。It’sgrowingdark.天渐渐地变黑了。◎become是指身份、职位的变化，作瞬间动词时，指状态的变化。Hebecameanartist.他成为了一名艺术家。8.Jimmytakesafterhismother.(P63)吉米的言行举止像他妈妈。本句中的takeaftersb表示“长相或举止像（某个长辈）”，不能用于被动语态。Tomysurprise,Jackdoesn’ttakeafterhisfatheratall.令我惊奇的是，杰克和他爸爸长的一点儿也不像。Maryreallytakesafterhermother,shehasthesameeyes,nose,andhair.玛丽长得真像她妈妈，眼睛、鼻子和头发一个样。9.Jimmyhasrunoutofmoney.(P63)吉米把钱花光了。runoutof意为“用完”，其主语通常是人，表示主动含义，后面跟宾语。Hehasrunoutofink.他用完了墨水。I’mafraidwe’rerunoutofpetrol.我们的汽油怕是已用完了。特别提示runout也是“用完”的意思，其主语通常是被使用的事物，如时间、金钱、食物等，但不用于被动语态，同时其后也不能跟宾语。Hismoneysoonranout.他的钱很快就花完了。Haveyounearlyfinished?Timeisrunningout.你快做完了吗？时间快到了。10.Ifixupbikesandgivethemaway.(P63)我修理好自行车，然后捐赠出去。(1)fixup相当于torepair，表示“修理，修补，整理”,其后跟物件名词作宾语。Mywatchsometimesgainsandsometimesloses.Canyoufixitupforme?我的表有时快，有时慢，你能帮我修修吗？Mymotheristoooldtoliveonherown,sowe’refixingupthespareroomforher.我母亲年龄太大了，不能自己生活，所以我们正收拾这个多出的房间让她住。特别提示如果fixup的宾语是“人”的话，则构成fixsbupwithsth句型，表示“为某人安排某件事，向某人提供某物”。I’llfixyouupwithaplacetostay.我来给你安排住处。(2)givesthaway意思是“捐赠，赠送”。Therichmangaveawaymostofhismoneytocharity.那个富人把他的大部分钱都捐给了慈善事业。知识拓展◎giveaway还可以表示“分发或赠与某物，由于大意而未利用或抓住（时机，机会等）”。Theheadmastergaveawaytheprizesattheschoolsportsday.校长在学校运动会上颁发了奖品。◎giveaway还可以表示“有意或无意地泄露某事情或出卖某人”。Thewomangaveawaystatesecretstotheenemy.那个妇女把国家机密泄露给了敌人。11.Heevenhandedoutadvertisementsatalocalsupermarket.(P64)他甚至在当地的一家超市散发广告。handout意为“散发”，其中hand是动词。Theteacherishandingoutthemathspapers.老师在发数学试卷。短语链语handin“面交”，“上交”。Thestudentsarehandingtheirpapersin.学生们在交试卷。12.Thenhetoldtheteachersatschoolabouthisproblem...(P64)然后他告诉老师自己的问题……tellsbaboutsth是“把某事告诉某人”的意思，有时表示“嘱咐或语气较轻的命令”，常用于tellsbtodosth结构。Theteachertoldusabouthisstory.老师给我们讲了他的故事。Mymotherusuallytellsmetobecarefulonmywaytoschool.妈妈常常告诉我在去上学的路上一定要小心。13.Thestrategiesthathecameupwithworkedoutfine.(P64)他想到的那些办法获得了成功。(1)这是一个由that引导的定语从句，先行词是前面的strategies。动词短语workedout在这里作主语thestrategies的谓语，意为“产生结果，发展为，结果是……”，后面不可接宾语，主语也不用“人”来充当。Iwonderhowtheirideasworkedoutinpractice.我很想知道他们的想法在实践中取得了什么结果。Wedidn’tplanitlikethatbutitworkedoutverywell.我们原不是那样计划的，但结果却很好。知识拓展workout的其它用法Itwasthebestsolutionthathewasabletoworkoutatthistime.这是他这时能想出的最好的解决办法了。（想出）Ican’tworkoutthemeaningofthispoem.我理解不了这首诗的意思。（理解）短语链语◎workon意为“从事”。ProfessorGreenisworkingonanewbook.格林教授正在写一本新书。Heisworkingonamathsproblem.他正在算一道数学难题。◎workon后面无宾语时，表示继续工作。It’sverylate,buttheywerestillworkingon.时间很晚了，但他们仍然在继续工作。(2)fine在这里是副词，可与well替换，意思是“好，顺利”。Themachineworksfine.这台机器运行很好。Samisdoingfineinhisnewbusiness.萨姆在他的新业务中一切进展顺利。14....Whohasfilledmylifewithpleasure.(P66)……使我生活充满快乐的人。(1)本句中的fill...with...表示一个动作，意为“用……装满……”，其主语通常是人。Hefilledthebagwithbooks.他在书包里装满了书。Pleasefillthebottlewithmilk.请将瓶子装满牛奶。知识拓展befilledwith表示一个状态，意为“装满了……”，相当于befullof，其主语通常是人或物。Theroomwasfilledwithsmoke.房间里浓烟弥漫。Hereyeswerefilledwithtears.她眼睛里充满了泪水。(2)pleasure意为“高兴，快乐”，是不可数名词；表示“乐趣，高兴的事”时是可数名词。Readinggivesmegreatpleasure.读书给了我很多快乐。Itisoneofmygreatestpleasures.它是我最大乐趣之一。◎在口语中It’spleasure.是回答感谢的客套语。—Thankyouforyourhelp.感谢你的帮助。—It’sapleasure.不用谢。特别提示◎pleased是形容词，意为“自己感到高兴的，欣喜的，满意的”，指以任何方式表现出来或未表现出来的满足与快乐，在句中常用作表语，其主语为人。Thetwofriendswereverypleasedtoseeeachotheragain.这两个朋友非常高兴再次见面。Iwaspleasedthatthemanagerhaddecidednottobeangrywithme.使我高兴的是经理已经不再生我的气了。◎pleasant也是形容词，表示“使人感到愉快／满意”，一般用作定语，如主语是物，也可以用作表语。It’spleasantweathertoday.今天的天气令人愉快。It’sverypleasanttositdownafterstandingforhours.站了几小时后坐下来很舒服。◎please是动词，表示“（使）高兴，满意，愉快”。Doestheclothpleaseyou?这布料合你的意吗？15.BecauseIcan’tusemyarmsorlegswell,normalthingslikeansweringthetelephone,openingandshuttingdoors,orcarryingthingshavealwaysbeendifficultforme.(P66)因为我不能灵活地使用我的手和脚，像接电话、开关门、拿东西这样的事情对于我来说都很难。(1)本句中的shut意为“关”，在许多情况下可以与close互换，只是后者语气较弱，如closethedoor关门（也可能指半开半闭），shutthedoor关门（指把门关紧）。Thatshopshutsateightpm.那家商店八点钟关门。Heclosedhisspeechwithafunnyjoke.他用一个有趣的笑话结束了演说。◎当表示“关闭公路，铁路或交通工具”或作“结束”讲时，只用close。Theyhaveclosedtheroadforthickfog.由于大雾，那条公路被关闭。特别提示turnoff用来表示“关闭”有开关的东西，如收音机、电视、煤气、水龙头等。Pleaseturnoffthelightwhenyouleavethelab.在你离开实验室前关掉灯。Makesurethegasisturnedoffbeforeyougotobed.确保上床前把煤气关掉。(2)本句中的carry意为“搬运，携带”，不表示带到什么地方，而携带的方式可以是提、扛、背、抱、抬等。Shecarriedababyinherarms.她怀里抱了一个孩子。Hewascarryingawoodenboxonhisshoulder.他扛着一个木箱。特别提示在后面“Lucky!Fetchmybook.”一句中出现的fetch相当于goandbringback，意为“取来，接来”，表示一往一返。Let’sfetchsomewater.咱们去打点水来。Peoplehadtowalkmanykilometersinordertofetchwood.为了取木料，人们不得不走许多公里路。二：词汇can’tstandvingsth表示不能容忍做某事。2.riskdoingsth:冒险去做某事3.called/named：过去分词作定语4.suggestvingsth：建议去做某事sick/ill：生病sick可作表、定语，ill只能作表语。musicmuscian:音乐家musical音乐的7.suggest:建议suggestion(N)建议8.although/though虽然。。。但是，在英语中它们不与but连用9.复合结构与复数名词的所有格作定语。10.whatever=nomatterwhat:不论什么三：同意句转换prefersthtosth与likesthbetterthansth进行同意句转换。Looklike=takeafterDon’tworryaboutsth=Don’tbeworriedaboutsthTodo开头的句子转换成It’s+adj(forsb)todosthPeoplewhodon’thavehome=homelesspeople一、根据句意和首字母，填写所缺单词。1.Iamveryh_____.Givemesomefood,please.2.It’sFridaytoday.Don’tp____offitanymore.3.Heisav_______,andheoftentreatssomeanimals.4.Mycomputerisbroken.Heisr_____itforme.5.Hisfatherisable.Hecans_____thisproblembyhimself.6.Thereisas_____.Itsays“NoSmoking!”.7.Hisgrandfathercan’twalkandhastositinaw______.8.Ilovedogsbecausetheyneverc______andthey’regrateful.9.LucyandLilyaretwins,sotheyares_____inmanyways.10.Heismybestfriend.Weallt_____inhim.二、试试你的判断力，选择正确答案。1.It’syourturnto_____theroom,WangFang.A.cleanupB.cleantoC.clean-upD.cleanoff2.I’mthirsty.I’dlike_____aglassofwater.A.drinkB.todrinkC.drinkingD.drank3.A:MustIgooutforawalknow?B:No,you_____.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.maynot4.Askhim_____cometoourpartytomorrow.A.notB.nottoC.doesn’tD.isn’t5.It’stwelvenow.Let’shave_____lunchtogether.A.aB.anC.theD.x6.IamaLeagueMember.Ivolunteermytime_____others.A.helpB.tohelpC.helpingD.helped7.Idon’tknow_____kindofworkIcando.A.howB.whatC.whoD.why8.A:Couldyoucomeherenextweek,please?B:_______.A.Yes,youcan.B.No,youcouldn’t.C.No,never.D.Yes,that’sright9.Didyou_____muchmoneyonthecar?A.costB.payC.spendD.take10.Thebossinthefactoryoftenmakestheworkers_____ninehoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workingD.worked三、按要求转换下列句型。1.Toworkinaschoolisveryinteresting.(同义句)___________veryinterestingtoworkinaschool.2.Don’tworrytoomuchaboutyourexam.(同义句)Don’t__________toomuchaboutyourexam.3.Wemaybemakeourfriendsandfamilyunhappy.(对划线部分提问)__________youmaybemakeyourfriendsandfamily?4.Theheadmastersawthechildrenplayingontheplayground.(变成复合句)Theheadmastersawthechildren__________ontheplayground.5.Didhecomeupwithagreatidea?(同义句)_____you_____agreatidea?6.Jimlookslikehiselderbrother.(同义句)Jim__________hiselderbrother.7.Hetoldtheteachersatschoolabouthisproblem.(对划线部分提问)__________hetelltheteachersatschoolabout?8.Ineedtolookupthewordinthedictionary.(变一般问句)_____you_____tolookupthewordinthedictionary?9.Theywouldliketohelpsomehomelesspeople.(变一般问句)_____you_____tohelpsomehomelesspeople?10.Thisvolunteerworktakeseachofthemseveralhoursaweek.(对划线部分提问)__________doesthisvolunteerworktakeeachofthemaweek?四、根据汉语完成句子。1.我准备领他去看电影，以便他会高兴起来。Iamgoingtotakehimtothecinema___________.2.这些词都很重要，请把它们记下来。Thesewordsareallveryimportant.__________________,please!3.你知道谁在校门口分发广告了吗？Doyouknowwho____________________attheschoolgate?4.他们的老师不但会讲英语，而且还会讲日语。Theirteachercanspeak______English______Japanese.5.没人想买这些大衣，甚至白送也不要。Noonewantstobuythesecoats.Youcan’teven______________.6.他想尽力通过这次考试，因此他学习更加努力。He_____________,soheworksharder.7.刚刚离开的那列火车是开往鸡西的。Thetrain__________________isforJixi.8.我不知道谁能相信他的话。Idon’tknow______________hiswords.9.他母亲身体有病，几乎不能自理。Hismother___________,andshehardly___________herself.10.我们必须采取措施对付毒品走私。Wemusttakemeasures_______________drugsmuggling.五、阅读短文，然后根据短文内容选择正确答案。第8单元测试题一.选词或词组填空cutup,giveout,comeup,cleanup,putoff,cheerup,callup,helpwith,setup,writedown.1.Please______thetableaftersupper.2.He______withagoodideayesterday.3.Yourdaughterissad.Whynot___her___?4.Teachers_______applestoeverychild.5.Themeetingis_______aswar.6.______thesepotatoes.I’llcookthem.7.Terasa_______aschoolforpoorchildren.8.Iwill_______somehouseworkafterIfinishmywork.9.Please_______whatIsaidjustnow.10.He_______hiswifeassoonashearrivedinShanghai.二.单项选择()1.Helookssad.Let’scheerhim____.A.upB.inC.outD.at()2.Tonycouldhelp______thecityparks.A.cleanB.cleanupC.cleanoutD.cleansup()3.I_____liketohelpkidswiththeirschoolwork.A.couldB.wouldC.shouldD.will()4.Notonlythestudents____alsotheirteacherlikesfootball.A.tooB.exceptC.howeverD.but()5.weneedto____upwithaplanonClean-upDay.A.comeB.goC.workD.study()6.I_______someclothestocharitybecausetheyaretoosmallforme.A.takeafterB.hangoutC.giveawayD.putoff()7.NowIspendtime_____whatIlovetodo.A.todoB.doingC.doD.did()8.Aftermyteachergavemealesson,Ididn’tdothat_______.A.anyB.moreC.anymoreD.nomore()9.____oft