高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别课件

023-2020高中英语复习之阅读理解识别023-2020高中英语复习之阅读理解识别1阅读理解干扰项的设置有规律可循，如果做题时把握干扰项特点，准确捕捉选项的错误信息点,迅速排除干扰项，对提高解题的准确率必将起到事半功倍的作用。阅读理解中客观事实题的干扰项的设置手法有下列几个原则：阅读理解干扰项的设置有规律可循，如果做题时把握干扰项特点，准2假如对A选项的理解概括了对其它三项(或某一项)的理解，那么A与其他三项是包含或概括关系，包含项A往往就是正确答案。在答案选项分析中，假如对A选项的理解概括了对其它三项 (或其中某一项)的理、解，那么我们就说选项A与其他三项是包含或概括关系，包含项A往往就是正确答案。如在“花”与“玫瑰”两选项中，正确答案肯定是“花”，花包含了玫瑰,因为玫瑰肯定是花，但花并不一定是玫瑰。1．包含项原则假如对A选项的理解概括了对其它三项(或某一项)的理解，那3Livinginaresidencehallcarriescertainobligation.Youhavetobeconsiderateofothers,especiallyduringstudyhours.Telephonecallsandvisitsbyfriendsshouldbeshort.Youhavetocooperateinkeepingtheroomassanitaryaspossible.Itissometimeshardtobetolerantofanotherperson'shabitsthatmaydifferfromyourown.1.Whatmustyoulearntobetolerantofifyouliveinadormitory?A.Yourroommate'stelephonecallsB.HabitsthatmaydifferfromyourownC.Visitsbyyourroommate'sfriendsD.Roommateswhoareunsanitary2.Thethreeexamplesarecitedtoshowthat______.A.QuitsmokingisnecessaryB.HealthyhabitsbenefitourhealthC.FruitsandvegetablesarebetterthanmilkD.Weshoulddrinkmorewatereveryday.高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptLivinginaresidencehallcar41.Whatmustyoulearntobetolerantofifyouliveinadormitory?A.Yourroommate'stelephonecallsB.HabitsthatmaydifferfromyourownC.Visitsbyyourroommate'sfriendsD.Roommateswhoareunsanitary从四个选项分析中我们可以看出，选项B“与你不同的生活习惯”其实就包含并概括了其他三选项，即A室友的电话、C室友的朋友来访、D室友不爱卫生，这些都是你不能接受的生活习惯。如果我们可以选A、C、D任一选项，那么B也可以选，但正确答案只有一个，所以只能选B。2.The three examples are cited to show that______. A. Quit smoking is necessary                 B. Healthy habits benefit our health C. Fruits and vegetables are better than milk     D. We should drink more water everyday. 显而易见，B为包含项，概括了A、C、D三项，即quit smoking,have more fruitsand vegetables anddrink more water都是“Healthyhabits”。高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt1.Whatmustyoulearntobeto5根据形式逻辑排中律知识：两个相互矛盾的判断不能都是假的，其中必有一真,答案一般在A、B项当中取其一。1.Theyfeeltheyarepoorlistenerswhentheythinkaboutsomethingelsewhiletheotheristalkingorwhentheyaretired,ornotinterestedinwhatsheorheistalkingabout.Mostpeoplelistenonlywiththeirears.1.Accordingtothepassage,listeningonlywithearsmayhappentouswhen____.A.weareemotionallytiredB.wearephysicallydisabledC.wearesointerestedinthetopicD.weareaskedmanyquestions2．正反项原则高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt根据形式逻辑排中律知识：两个相互矛盾的判断不能都是假的，其中6Theyfeeltheyarepoorlistenerswhentheythinkaboutsomethingelsewhiletheotheristalkingorwhentheyaretired,ornotinterestedinwhatsheorheistalkingabout.Mostpeoplelistenonlywiththeirears.1.Accordingtothepassage,listeningonlywithearsmayhappentouswhen____.A.weareemotionallytiredB.wearephysicallydisabledC.wearesointerestedinthetopicD.weareaskedmanyquestions高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptTheyfeeltheyarepoorlisten7当他们心不在焉, 感到厌倦,或对谈论的话题不感兴趣的时候，他们就会觉得自己不是一个好的听众了。他们大多数人仅仅是用耳朵而非用心去听。四个选项中，A与C陈述互相矛盾,互为正反项。我们什么时候不会用心去听?  A.我们情绪厌倦的时候，C.我们对话题很感兴趣的时候。显然这两个选项是矛盾正反判断，只有一个而且必有一个是真，所以我们可以先排除B、D选项，然后再结合我们下文将要提及的常识项原则，可以把答案确定为A。高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt当他们心不在焉, 感到厌倦,或对谈论的话题不感兴趣的时候，他8The main problem is that our neighbor worlds appear tobe unsuitable for advanced life forms. The moon may be the case first, it hashardly any atmosphere. Venus is little better, but the surface's temperatureis very high. Mars with thin atmosphere and little water cannot support theliving necessity of the animals. There is unlikely any life on Venus because______. A. it has very thin atmosphere                      B.the surface temperature is too hot C. the weather is too cold  D. it is extremely short of water 高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptThe main problem is that our n9The main problem is that our neighbor worlds appear tobe unsuitable for advanced life forms. The moon may be the case first, it hashardly any atmosphere. Venus is little better, but the surface's temperatureis very high. Mars with thin atmosphere and little water cannot support theliving necessity of the animals. There is unlikely any life on Venus because______. A. it has very thin atmosphere                      B.the surface temperature is too hot C. the weather is too cold  D. it is extremely short of water 高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptThe main problem is that our n10B.表面温度太热C.气候太寒冷语义相反互为正反项根据正反项原则，可以排除A、D项，然后在B、C项中选其一这样，考生至少可以在不看原文的前提下把答案的命中率从25%提高到50％。其实，此题为细节题，根据原文第三句，我们可以把答案确定为B。正反项原则预示: 陈述内容或基调完全相反的两选项往往有一个是正确答案。高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptB.表面温度太热C.气候太寒冷语义相反互为正反项高11指说话不能说死，要留有余地。阅读理解选项中语气平和、委婉的往往是正确答案。选项含有不十分肯定或试探性语气的表达，如：probably,possibly,may,usually,might,mostof,moreorless,relatively,belikelyto,notnecessary,although,yet,inaddition，tendto，beliableto等，而含有绝对语气的表达往往不是正确答案，如：must,always,never,themost,all,every,any,merely,only,completely,none,hardly,already等。3．委婉项原则高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt指说话不能说死，要留有余地。3．委婉项原则高考英语二轮复习专121.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,____.A.theuseofwaterisacompletelynewconceptB.theseahasalreadylongbeenusedasawayofpowerC.waterisasourceofenergyfarmoreeconomicalthananyotherenergiesD.water,ifproperlyhandled,maypresentapromisingsolutiontoenergycrisis.高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt1.Accordingtothefirsttwo131.Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,____.A.theuseofwaterisacompletelynewconceptB.theseahasalreadylongbeenusedasawayofpowerC.waterisasourceofenergyfarmoreeconomicalthananyotherenergiesD.water,ifproperlyhandled,maypresentapromisingsolutiontoenergycrisis.高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt1.Accordingtothefirsttwo14很明显，根据委婉原则，正确答案应该为D, 其他三项都含有过于肯定语气的词：completely, has already, far morethan any other而选项D比较委婉，if分词短语使说话留有余地，情态动词may使语气相对平缓。高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt很明显，根据委婉原则，正确答案应该为D, 其他三项都含有过于152.Theopinionofthewriteristhat____.A.theremaybeotherintelligentbeingsintheuniverseB.thereareotherintelligentbeingsintheuniverseC.peoplelivingontheeartharealmostcertainlytheonlyintelligentbeingsintheuniverseD.peoplelivingontheeartharedefinitelytheonlyintelligentbeingsintheuniverse高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt2.Theopinionofthewriteris162.Theopinionofthewriteristhat____.A.theremaybeotherintelligentbeingsintheuniverseB.thereareotherintelligentbeingsintheuniverseC.peoplelivingontheeartharealmostcertainlytheonlyintelligentbeingsintheuniverseD.peoplelivingontheeartharedefinitelytheonlyintelligentbeingsintheuniverse高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt2.Theopinionofthewriteris17根据委婉项原则，我们先可以把含有绝对语气词almost，certainly， definitely，the only的C、D项先排除，对比A、B项，我们会发现A项与B项所表达意思相近，但A项含有推测情态词may，使得它所表述的语气比B项更委婉，所以答案应该为A项。高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt根据委婉项原则，我们先可以把含有绝对语气词almost，ce18几个选项如存在形式与结构上的相似，那它们就互为同形项。命题者往往先将正确答案设置在一个大命题范围，然后通过语言形式的细微变化来考察考生的理解能力与分析能力。同形项原则告诉我们：词汇与句法结构相似的选项一般存在有正确答案。4．同形项原则高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt几个选项如存在形式与结构上的相似，那它们就互为同形项。命题者19Thedevelopmentofrapidtransitraillinesincitiesshouldparallellocaleconomicdevelopmentandblindconstructionofsuchlinesshouldbeavoided…Itstressedthattheamountofdomesticallymadeequipmentusedinsuchinfrastructureprojectsneedstobeincreased.Therapid-transitraillinesshould______.A.developasquicklyaspossibleB.developwithlocaleconomicdevelopmentC.developafterlocaleconomicdevelopmentD.developwiththeconstructionindustry高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptThedevelopmentofrapidtrans20Thedevelopmentofrapidtransitraillinesincitiesshouldparallellocaleconomicdevelopmentandblindconstructionofsuchlinesshouldbeavoided…Itstressedthattheamountofdomesticallymadeequipmentusedinsuchinfrastructureprojectsneedstobeincreased.Therapid-transitraillinesshould______.A.developasquicklyaspossibleB.developwithlocaleconomicdevelopmentC.developafterlocaleconomicdevelopmentD.developwiththeconstructionindustry高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptThedevelopmentofrapidtrans21经语言形式与结构分析，我们不难发现B、C选项形式与结构相似,仅with与after一词之差,为同形项，所以可先试着排除A、D。再结合常识原则,下文：高速路轨的建设应该与地方经济互相促进、同步发展，最终确定答案为B。 检验：根据原文中的parallel可以确定上述分析结果正确。高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt经语言形式与结构分析，我们不难发现B、C选项形式与结构相似,22议论文中，符合一般常识，符合一般规律，属于普遍现象的往往正确1.Treesareusefultomaninthreeimportways:theyprovidehimwithwoodandotherproducts;theygivehimshade;andtheyhelptopreventdroughtsandfloods.Unfortunately,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotrealizedthatthethirdoftheseservicesisthemostimportant.Q:Whatisthemostimportantserviceoftreestomanaccordingtothepassage?A.TheyhelphimmakemoneyB.TheygivehimwoodandotherproductsC.TheyhelphimpreventdroughtsandfloodsD.Theygivehimshade5．常识项原则高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt议论文中，符合一般常识，符合一般规律，属于普遍现象的往往正确231.Treesareusefultomaninthreeimportways:theyprovidehimwithwoodandotherproducts;theygivehimshade;andtheyhelptopreventdroughtsandfloods.Unfortunately,inmanypartsoftheworld,manhasnotrealizedthatthethirdoftheseservicesisthemostimportant.Q:Whatisthemostimportantserviceoftreestomanaccordingtothepassage?A.TheyhelphimmakemoneyB.TheygivehimwoodandotherproductsC.TheyhelphimpreventdroughtsandfloodsD.Theygivehimshade高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt1.Treesareusefultomanint24植树造林是我国的一大国策，目的在于防止洪涝、风沙、旱灾，这是我国公民的普遍常识，所以C为正确答案：树木可以帮助人类阻挡洪涝与旱灾。相对于其它三项，C项意义更加深远。 根据Unfortunately,in many parts of the world,manhasnotrealizedthat the third of these servicesis the mostimportant，”也可以得出C项为正确答案。高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt植树造林是我国的一大国策，目的在于防止洪涝、风沙、旱灾，这是25IfMrs.Abbydiesafterhehaspaidpremiumsforoneortwoyearsonly,theinsurancecompanywillloseheavily.Butifshelivestotheageofseventyorbeyond,theinsurancecompanywillmakeaprofit.Accordingtothepassage,theinsurancecompanywillmakegreatprofits.A.Ifthepremium（保险费）isincreasedsothecompanycanearnmoremoneyeachyear.B.Ifnobodyaboveseventybuysinsuranceagainstdeath.C.Ifmostinsurancebuyerslivelongerthantheaveragelengthoflife.D.Ifmostinsurancebuyersliveshorterthantheaveragelengthoflife.高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptIfMrs.Abbydiesafterhehas26IfMrs.Abbydiesafterhehaspaidpremiumsforoneortwoyearsonly,theinsurancecompanywillloseheavily.Butifshelivestotheageofseventyorbeyond,theinsurancecompanywillmakeaprofit.Accordingtothepassage,theinsurancecompanywillmakegreatprofits.A.Ifthepremium（保险费）isincreasedsothecompanycanearnmoremoneyeachyear.B.Ifnobodyaboveseventybuysinsuranceagainstdeath.C.Ifmostinsurancebuyerslivelongerthantheaveragelengthoflife.D.Ifmostinsurancebuyersliveshorterthantheaveragelengthoflife.高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptIfMrs.Abbydiesafterhehas27众所周知，保险公司之所以能盈利，是因为被保险的对象平安无事。所以，人活得越长，交的保险额就越多，保险公司利润就越高，所以C为正确答案：如果投保人比普通人活得更长。注意：人的平均年龄往往是保险公司设置保率的基准。另外，此题根据Butif she lives to the ageofseventyor beyond,the insurancecompany will makeaprofit.”也可以推断出答案为C。高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt众所周知，保险公司之所以能盈利，是因为被保险的对象平安无事。28阅读理解逻辑推理基本都是通过因果链进行的，前因后果，一步步循序渐进。然而，在推理题型的选项中，有的选项会推理不到位（止于前因），或者推理过头（止于后果），这就是所谓的干扰项。因果项原则规定：假如四个选项中有两项互为同一事物推理过程中的因果关系，那么正确答案就是这两个因果项中的其中之一。如果因项可以产生几个结果，那么答案就是因项；如果果项可以对应几个原因，那么答案就是果项。6．因果项原则高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt阅读理解逻辑推理基本都是通过因果链进行的，前因后果，一步步循29Nooneshouldbeforcedtowearauniform.Uniformsaretotallyunnecessaryinademocraticsociety.Uniformtelltheworldthatthepersonwhowearsonehasnovalueasanindividual,thatis,theindividualinauniformlosesself-worth.Therearethosewhosaythatwearingauniformgivesasenseofidentificationwithamoreimportantconcept.Butinfact,theindividualhimselfisthemostimportant,ifanorganizationissoweakthatitmustrelyontheuniformtoinspireitmembers,thatorganizationhasnotrighttocontinueitsexistence.Ontheotherhand,uniformsalsohurttheeconomy.Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthisparagraphisto______.A.showthatuniformarepossibleinademocraticsocietyB.advocatestrongergovernmentalcontrolsonthewearingofuniformsC.convincethereaderthatuniformshavemoredisadvantagesthanadvantagesD.advocatedoingawaywithuniforms高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptNooneshouldbeforcedtowea30Nooneshouldbeforcedtowearauniform.Uniformsaretotallyunnecessaryinademocraticsociety.Uniformtelltheworldthatthepersonwhowearsonehasnovalueasanindividual,thatis,theindividualinauniformlosesself-worth.Therearethosewhosaythatwearingauniformgivesasenseofidentificationwithamoreimportantconcept.Butinfact,theindividualhimselfisthemostimportant,ifanorganizationissoweakthatitmustrelyontheuniformtoinspireitmembers,thatorganizationhasnotrighttocontinueitsexistence.Ontheotherhand,uniformsalsohurttheeconomy.Theauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthisparagraphisto______.A.showthatuniformarepossibleinademocraticsocietyB.advocatestrongergovernmentalcontrolsonthewearingofuniformsC.convincethereaderthatuniformshavemoredisadvantagesthanadvantagesD.advocatedoingawaywithuniforms高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptNooneshouldbeforcedtowea31综合分析四个选项，我们会发现C与B，D项互为因果项，也就是说，因为C：制服的弊大于利，所以B：呼吁政府采取措施控制穿制服，或D呼吁废除制服。根据因果项原则，一个原因对应了两个结果，答案应该选原因项C。本题是主旨题，根据原文，本段主要是列出制服的弊端，说明制服弊大于利。B、D项为干扰项，属于推理过头。高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt综合分析四个选项，我们会发现C与B，D项互为因果项，也就是说32把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，却把作者的观点放到选项中去。或者是选项的答案并非是题干中主语的行为或观点，而是文中其他人物的行为或观点。7.张冠李戴原则高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，33First,employersshouldtaketheresponsibilityfortheirretiredemployees.Tomakethispossible,apercentageofprofitsshouldbesetasideforthispurpose.Anotherwayofsolvingtheproblemistoreturntheresponsibility,totheindividual.Thismeanseachpersonmustsaveduringhisworkingyearstopayforhisyearsofretirement.Inaddition,thegovernmentcouldtakeresponsibilityforthecareoftheelderly.Thiscouldbefinancedthroughgovernmenttaxestoincreasethelevelofpensions.Accordingtothepassage,howcanthegovernmenthelpimprovelivesofretiredpeople?A.Setasidesomeprofitstohelppeoplewithproblemsaftertheyretire.B.Increasesavingslevelsofpeopleduringtheirworkingyears.C.Increasethediscountsforfoodandtransportfortheold.D.Makeavailablepensionsforthosewhohaveretired.高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptFirst,employersshouldtaket34First,employersshouldtaketheresponsibilityfortheirretiredemployees.Tomakethispossible,apercentageofprofitsshouldbesetasideforthispurpose.Anotherwayofsolvingtheproblemistoreturntheresponsibility,totheindividual.Thismeanseachpersonmustsaveduringhisworkingyearstopayforhisyearsofretirement.Inaddition,thegovernmentcouldtakeresponsibilityforthecareoftheelderly.Thiscouldbefinancedthroughgovernmenttaxestoincreasethelevelofpensions.Accordingtothepassage,howcanthegovernmenthelpimprovelivesofretiredpeople?A.Setasidesomeprofitstohelppeoplewithproblemsaftertheyretire.B.Increasesavingslevelsofpeopleduringtheirworkingyears.C.Increasethediscountsforfoodandtransportfortheold.D.Makeavailablepensionsforthosewhohaveretired.高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptFirst,employersshouldtaket35从上述节选的文段不难发现A是employers该做的B是the individual应做的C属于无中生有D符合题目的要求，是government应采取的措施高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt从上述节选的文段不难发现高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复36干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的单词，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。8.偷梁换柱原则高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的单词，却在不易引37LOSANGELES—HearttroubleiskeepingElizabethTaylorhospitalizedinLosAngelesforsometime,butherpublicistsaysthe78-year-oldactressisOKandhasbeenvisitingwithfamilyandfriends.TaylorspokeswomanSallyMorrisonsaidinastatementTuesdaythatthetwo-timeOscarwinneriscomfortableatCedars-SinaiMedicalCenterand“therehasbeensteadyimprovementinhercondition”sinceshewasadmittedlastweek.Taylorisbeingtreatedforsymptomsofheartfailure,aconditionsherevealedinNovember2004.

"Hermedicalteamissatisfiedbyherprogresstodate,anditishopedandexpectedthatthiswillcontinueoverthenextfewdays.Fornow,shewillremainundertheircareinthehospitalforcontinuedmonitoring,"Morrisonsaid."FriendsandfansaroundtheworldshouldbeconvincedthatElizabethTaylorisingoodhandsandreceivingthebestpossiblecarefromherskilledanddevoteddoctorsandnurses."

MorrisondescribedTaylor'sconditionasstablebutofferednootherdetails.WhatcanweknowaboutElizabethTaylorfromthenews?A.Shehasbeensufferingfromheartillnessforsomeyears.B.Shewillgobackhomeinadayortwo.C.Sheisfeelingquitewellinhospital.D.ShewillreceiveherOscarAwardinthehospital.高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptLOSANGELES—Hearttroubleisk38LOSANGELES—HearttroubleiskeepingElizabethTaylorhospitalizedinLosAngelesforsometime,butherpublicistsaysthe78-year-oldactressisOKandhasbeenvisitingwithfamilyandfriends.TaylorspokeswomanSallyMorrisonsaidinastatementTuesdaythatthetwo-timeOscarwinneriscomfortableatCedars-SinaiMedicalCenterand“therehasbeensteadyimprovementinhercondition”sinceshewasadmittedlastweek.Taylorisbeingtreatedforsymptomsofheartfailure,aconditionsherevealedinNovember2004.

"Hermedicalteamissatisfiedbyherprogresstodate,anditishopedandexpectedthatthiswillcontinueoverthenextfewdays.Fornow,shewillremainundertheircareinthehospitalforcontinuedmonitoring,"Morrisonsaid."FriendsandfansaroundtheworldshouldbeconvincedthatElizabethTaylorisingoodhandsandreceivingthebestpossiblecarefromherskilledanddevoteddoctorsandnurses."

MorrisondescribedTaylor'sconditionasstablebutofferednootherdetails.WhatcanweknowaboutElizabethTaylorfromthenews?A.Shehasbeensufferingfromheartillnessforsomeyears.B.Shewillgobackhomeinadayortwo.C.Sheisfeelingquitewellinhospital.D.ShewillreceiveherOscarAwardinthehospital.高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptLOSANGELES—Hearttroubleisk39C属于偷梁换柱的选项，与原文的第二段的第一句的后半部分，... the two-time Oscar winneriscomfortable与She is feeling quite well inhospital有部分相近的意思,但把comfortable偷换成了feeling quite well，意思上还是有区别的。故根据第三节第一句话Taylor is being treatedforsymptomsofheart failure,a conditionshe revealedinNovember，所以正确答案为A。高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptC属于偷梁换柱的选项，与原文的第二段的第一句的后半部分，..40这一干扰方法一般用于对句子或词语含义的考查，即利用某个词或句子的字面意义代替目前定语境中的具体意义。9．望文生义原则高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt这一干扰方法一般用于对句子或词语含义的考查，即利用某个词或句41Astudyinvolving8,500teenagersfromallsocialbackgroundsfoundthatmostofthemareignorantwhenitcomestomoney.Thefindings,thefirstinaseriesofreportsfromNatWestthathasstartedafive-yearresearchprojectintoteenagersandmoney,areparticularlyworryingasthisgenerationofyoungpeopleislikelytobeburdenedwithgreaterdebtsthananybefore.Universitytuitionfees(学费)arecurrentlycappedat￡3,000annually,butthiswillbereviewednextyearandtheGovernmentisunderenormouspressuretoraisetheceiling.Thephrase“toraisetheceiling”inparagraph2probablymeans“______”.A.toraisethestudentsloansB.toimprovetheschoolfacilitiesC.toincreasetheupperlimitofthetuition D.tolifttheschoolbuildingroofs高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptAstudyinvolving8,500teenag42A studyinvolving 8,500 teenagers from all social backgrounds found thatmost of themare ignorant when it comes to money. The findings, the firstin aseriesofreportsfrom NatWest that has started a five-year researchprojectintoteenagers andmoney, are particularly worrying as thisgenerationof youngpeopleis likelyto be burdened withgreater debtsthananybefore. Universitytuitionfees(学费)arecurrentlycapped at￡3,000annually,but this will bereviewednextyearand theGovernment is underenormouspressuretoraise the ceiling. The phrase“to raise the ceiling”in paragraph 2 probablymeans“______”. A. to raise the students loans  B. to improve theschool facilities C. to increase the upper limit of thetuition           D. to lift the schoolbuilding roofs高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptA studyinvolving 8,500 teenag43一看到ceiling这个词可能立即会想到“天花板，顶棚”,这样就会不自觉中将答案限定在了B、D中在短文the Government is underenormous pressure这一语境中ceiling显然指的是“最高限度，上限”，故答案应在A、C中，再根据本文是讲的政府部门对学生提供贷款而不是学费，故正确答案为A。高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt一看到ceiling这个词可能立即会想到“天花板，顶棚”,这44干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。此外，干扰项也可能就是与所阅读的文章内容没有任何联系。10.无中生有原则高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相45Inthefirstcase,whenwedon'ttelltheclerk,acoupleofthingswouldhappen.Deepdowninsidewewouldknowourselvesasatypeofthief.Intheprocess,wewouldlosesomepeaceofmindandself-respect...Theauthorthinksthatkeepingsilentabouttheunchargeditemisequalto_______.A.lyingB.stealingC.cheatingD.advertising高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptInthefirstcase,whenwedon46Inthefirstcase,whenwedon'ttelltheclerk,acoupleofthingswouldhappen.Deepdowninsidewewouldknowourselvesasatypeofthief.Intheprocess,wewouldlosesomepeaceofmindandself-respect...Theauthorthinksthatkeepingsilentabouttheunchargeditemisequalto_______.A.lying

B.stealingC.cheatingD.advertising高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptInthefirstcase,whenwedon47题中A和C就是属于我们生活中普遍接受的观点，认为在商店拿了东西却没有付款是“说谎”或“欺骗”但原文中却用了“a type of thief”,所以答案应是B 高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt题中A和C就是属于我们生活中普遍接受的观点，认为在商店拿了东48这种干扰方法的命题思路是，在对原文进行同义转换或解释的过程中，通过改变一些词汇或表达方法，使改变后的意思与原文意思发生微妙或较大的改变。11．偷换概念原则高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt这种干扰方法的命题思路是，在对原文进行同义转换或解释的过程中49WhofirstconceivedtheideaoftheFestivalofHongKong?Towhomdidhepropose?Howdidheconvinceothersofthefeasibilityofsuchafestival?HowwastheFestivaltoldtothepeopleofthe“PearloftheOrient”?Putitinanotherway:whatpurposedidthefestivalserve?Thepurpose,asstatedinthenewspaperwasadoubleone:togiveHongKongpeopleasenseofsecurityafterthedisturbanceof1967andtomakeyoungpeopleandworkingpeopleawareoftheneedforabitoffunandenjoymentinthegrindingworkoftheirdailylives.ThepurposeoftheFestivalofHongKongis________.A.tofurnishnewspaperwithnews B.toattracttouristsfromabroadC.toprovidereliefforworkers D.toenablepeopletorealizethatlifeisnotallwork高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptWhofirstconceivedtheideao50WhofirstconceivedtheideaoftheFestivalofHongKong?Towhomdidhepropose?Howdidheconvinceothersofthefeasibilityofsuchafestival?HowwastheFestivaltoldtothepeopleofthe“PearloftheOrient”?Putitinanotherway:whatpurposedidthefestivalserve?Thepurpose,asstatedinthenewspaperwasadoubleone:togiveHongKongpeopleasenseofsecurityafterthedisturbanceof1967andtomakeyoungpeopleandworkingpeopleawareoftheneedforabitoffunandenjoymentinthegrindingworkoftheirdailylives.ThepurposeoftheFestivalofHongKongis________.A.tofurnishnewspaperwithnews B.toattracttouristsfromabroadC.toprovidereliefforworkers D.toenablepeopletorealizethatlifeisnotallwork高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别pptWhofirstconceivedtheideao51“The purpose, as stated in the newspaper was a doubleone: to giveHong Kong people asense of security afterthe disturbanceof 1967 and tomakeyoung people andworking peopleawareof the need fora bit of funandenjoyment,”而干扰项C把原文中的working people偷换成workers，使范围缩小，表达不准确。高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt“The purpose, as stated in the52英语文章为了表达的准确、严密，很注意对范围的限定，有时通过加上almostall，nearly，morethan，normally，usually等词对文意加以限制，“扩缩范围”干扰法就是通过改变或去掉限制性词语，将信息中的范围、程度、色彩等改变，从而导致错误。12．扩缩范围原则高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt高考英语二轮复习专题二十二高中英语复习之阅读理解干扰项识别ppt英语文章为了表达的准确、严密，很注意对范围的限定，有时通过加53Moreandmorecompaniesareallowingtheirofficeworkerstowearcasualtowork.IntheUnitedStates,thechangefromformaltocasualofficewearhasbeenslow.Intheearly1990s,manycompaniesal