小学、初中英语语法比较级和最高级的用法

PAGEPAGE9英语语法比较级和最高级的用法more(如morenatural,moreclearly)或加后缀-er(newer,sooner)。典型的是指形容词或较句型”。其中，像“AB“A高级的形态。一、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的构成规则最高级在后面加-est；单音节词如：small→smaller→smallestshort→shorter→shortesttall→taller→tallestgreat→greater→greatest双音节词如：clever→cleverer→cleverestnarrow→narrower→narroweste如：large→larger→largestnice→nicer→nicestable→abler→ablest3．在重读闭音节（即：辅音＋元音＋辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母，比较级加-er，最高级加-est；如：big→bigger→biggesthot→hotter→hottestfat→fatter→fattest4．以“辅音字母＋y”yi-er级加-est；如：easy→easier→easiestheavy→heavier→heaviestbusy→busier→busiesthappy→happier→happiestmost；如：beautiful→morebeautiful→mostbeautifuldifferent→moredifferent→mostdifferenteasily→moreeasily→mosteasilythe，例句：TheSaharaisthebiggestdesertintheworld.（2）mostthe，Itisamostimportantproblem.=Itisaveryimportantproblem.6如：good→better→bestwell→better→bestbad→worse→worstill→worse→worstold→older/elder→oldest/eldestmany/much→more→mostlittle→less→leastfar→further/farther→furthest/farthest二、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法1．“AbethanB”“AB这棵树比那棵树高。注意：than事物之间的比较。much，如：Awatermelonismuchbiggerthananapple.③very,quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。2．“比较级+and+比较级”或“moreandmore+原级”表示“越来越……”如：Itbecomeswarmerandwarmerwhenspringcomes.春天来了，天气变得越来越暖和了。Itisgettingcoolerand天气越来越凉爽。Thewindbecamemoreandmore风变得越来越大。Ourschoolisbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.我们的学校变得越来越美丽。or较级形式。如：Whoistaller,TimorTom?谁更高，Tim还是Tom?“thethe+Themoremoneyyoumake,themoreyouspend.钱你赚得越多，花得越多。Thesooner，thebetter.越快越好。表示倍数的比较级用法：①.Ais…timesthesize/height/length/widthofB.如：Thenewbuildingisthreetimestheheightoftheoldone.这座新楼比那座旧楼高三倍。(新楼是旧楼的四倍高)②.Ais…timesasbig/high/long/wide/largeasB.如：AsiaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)③.Ais…timeslarger/higher/longer/widerthanB.如：Ourschoolistwicebiggerthanyours.我们学校比你们学校大两倍。较，表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。如：ofthethree,inourclass如：Heisthetallestinourclass.他在我们班里是最高的。so…as"Nothingissoeasyasthis.=Nothingiseasierthanthis.=Thisistheeasiestthing.比较级与最高级的转换：Mikeisthemostintelligentinhisclass.Mikeismoreintelligentthananyotherstudentinhisclass7.修饰比较级和最高级的词1）可修饰比较级的词①.abit,alittle,rather,much,far,yfar,many,alot,lots,greatdeal,any,still,even②.还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。byfar)注意：使用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。(错)Tomisthetallestofhisthreebrothers.(对)Tomisthetallestofthethreebrothers.2)下列词可修饰最高级：byfar,far,much,mostly,almost。Thishatisnearly/almostthebiggest.注意：verymuchThisistheverybest.Thisismuchthebest.序数词通常只修饰最高级。Africaisthesecondlargestcontinent.8.要避免重复使用比较级。(错)Heismoreclevererthanhisbrother.(对)Heismorecleverthanhisbrother.(对)Heisclevererthanhisbrother.9.要避免将主语含在比较对象中。(错)ChinaislargerthatanycountryinAsia.(对)ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.10.要注意对应句型，遵循前后一致的原则。ThepopulationofShanghaiislargerthanthatofBeijing.Itiseasiertomakeaplanthantocarryitout.11比较：Whichislarger,CanadaorAustralia?Whichisthelargercountry,CanadaorAustralia?Sheistallerthanhertwosisters.Sheisthetallerofthetwosisters.三.典型例题1）Areyoufeeling ?Yes，I'mfinenow.A.anywellB.anybetterC.quitegoodD.quitebetter答案：B.any可修饰比较级，quite修饰原级，well的比较级为2）Theexperimentwas easierthanwehadexpected.A.moreB.muchmoreC.muchD.moremuch答案：C.muchB，Ceasiermore，C3）Iftherewerenoexaminations,weshouldhave atschool.A.thehappiesttimeB.amorehappiertimeC.muchhappiesttimeD.amuchhappiertime答案：D。比较级和最高级的用法两者相比（甲=乙），用“as+原级+as”TomisastallasMike.两者相比（），用“notas(so)+as”或“lessthan”Ididn’tdomyhomeworkso(as)carefullyasyou.Thepictureislessattractivethanthatone.两者相比（甲〉乙），用“比较级+than”表示Ourcityismorebeautifulthananyothercityinourcountry.注意：1)one,that,those过的名词。TheweatherhereiswarmerthanthatofShanghai.Theradiosmadeinourfactoryarebetterthanthoseinyourfactory.2)比较等级应注意避免和包括自己的对象比。比较级+than+anyother+单数名词alltheother+复数名词anyoneelseanyoftheother+复数名词3）如果形容词作定语修饰一个单数可数名词，一般将不定冠词a/an放在形容词之后。Ourneighbourhas ours.asabighouseasasbigahouseasthesamebighouseashousethesamebigas4）词。若比较级后有名词，常在比较级前加不定冠词，表示泛指。E.g.他是两者中较高的一个Heisthetallerofthe她唱得真动听！我可从未听过比这更好的嗓音了。Howbeautifullyshesings!Ihaveneverheardabettervoice.三者或三者以上相比，表示最高级时，用“the种句式一般常有表示比较范围的介词短语。ZhangHuaisthetallestoftheHeworks(the)hardestinhisclass.ThatwastheleastexcitingfootballgameI’veeverwatched.ThishotelisthemostcomfortableI’veeverstayed.thea/an非常……”Mondayismybusiestday.星期一是我很忙的一天。Qingdaoisamost(very)beautifulcoastal青岛是一个非常美丽的海滨城市。比较级的一些其他用法倍数表示方法倍数+as+形容词/as倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than倍数+then.ofThisropeisthreetimeslongerthanthatone.Thisropeisthreetimesaslongasthatone.Thisropeisthreetimesthelengthofthat更……”Nootherbookhasagreatereffectonmy没有哪一本书比这本书对我的影响更大的了。=Thisbookhasthegreatesteffectonmy考例：—Goforapicnicthisweekend,OK?-- .Ilovegettingclosetonature.A.Icouldn’tagreemore B.I’mafraidnot.C.Ibelievenot D.Idon’tthinkso.moreandmore Ourcityisgettingbiggerandbigger.Ourcit