高二英语非谓语动词教案

(word圆满版)高二英语非谓语动词讲课方案(word圆满版)高二英语非谓语动词讲课方案(word圆满版)高二英语非谓语动词讲课方案

非谓语动词

动词的非谓语形式有三种：不定式、动名词和分词。

一、不定式：

Itishardformetodothework.作主语

Hewantstospeakatthemeeting.作宾语

Ihavealotofworktodo.作定语

Heaskedmetofinishitintime.作宾补

Myjobistohelpthepatient.作表语

Heistooyoungtogotoschool.作结果状语

Weweresurprisedtofindhimthere.作原由状语

Hespokeloudlytomakeherselfheard.作目的状语

Hewenttohishome,onlytofindhewasout.猜想之外的结果

特色1）不定式短语做主语时，常常放在谓语今后，用

it

作形式主语，（例

1）

2）不定式作宾语，假如还带有宾语补足语，常常把不定式宾语放在宾补今后，

而用

it

作

形式宾语，请看下句：IfinditinterestingtostudyEnglish.3)不定式作宾补，在feel,hear,listento,lookto,notice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make

词后的补足语，不定式不带to,但这些句子变为被动构造就必然带to.

二、动名词：

等

动名词形式由“动词+ing”组成，拥有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语，表语，宾语和定语。请看例句：

1）Collectinginformation(采集信息）isveryimportanttobusinessmen.作主语

2)Itisnousearguingwithhim.(与他争辩）作主语

3）Shefinishedreadingthebook(看完这本书）yesterday.作宾语

Hehasareadingroom.(书斋）作定语特色：

1.在itisnouse/good,noanyuse/good,useless等后须用动名词作主语，泛指抽象动作.

在finish,mind,enjoy,pactise,avoid,imagine,consider,feellike,keep,prevent,risk,suggest

等词后，必然用动词的ing形式。

在forget,goon,like,mean,regret,remember,stop,try等动词可带动名词或不定式作宾语，但意义上有差别，请看以下句型：

1）我记得读过这本书.

Irememberreadingthebook.(指过去的动作）

Imustremembertoreadthebook.(指未来的动作）

2）我要想法提升我的英语口语。I’lltrytoimprovemyspokenEnglish.

叩门没人答应，试着敲后门。Tryknockingatthebackdoorifnobodyhearsyouatthefrontdoor.

3)不要发言。Stoptalking.

他停下来发言。Hestoppedtotalk.

4)我没打算损害你。Ididn’tmeantohurtyou.

错过这班车意味着再等一个小时。Missingthetrainmeanswaitingforanotherhour.

4.动名词和不定式构造在乎义上差别：

动名词形式表示一般习惯，抽象见解，或已成过去的动作，不定式表示的常常是详细的或特定的动作，也可表示此刻或未来的动作。

Playingwithfireisdangerous.（泛指玩火）

Toplaywithfirewillbedangerous.(指一详细动作）

It’snousecryingoverspiltmilk.指抽象动作

Herealizedthattogoonlikethiswasnouse.详细动作

Hehasforgottenseeingmebefore.指已成过去的动作

ImustremembertoremindJohnthatthegardenneedswatering指未来的动作三、分词：此刻分词

和过去分词

1．分词的时态和语态。

此刻分词：1）有一般式和达成时，一般式即主句和从句谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。

2）达成时（having+过去分词）表示的动作在主句谓语动词所表示的动作以前发生。

Whenhewasastudent,hewasinterestedinbooks.

Beingastudent,hewasinterestedinbooks.

Afterhehaddonehishomework,hewenttobed.

Havingdonehishomework,hewenttobed.

当句子的主语是分词动作的承受者时，分词用被动语态，假如要重申分词的动作先于谓语动作，就用动词达成时的被动形式。

Thequestionwhichisbeingdiscussedisimportant.

Thequestionbeingdiscussedisimportant.

Ashehadbeencriticizedbytheteacher,LiMinggaveupsmoking.

Havingbeencriticizedbytheteacher,LiMinggaveupsmoking.过去分词：过去分词表示在谓语动词以前发生的动作，没有达成式。

自己有被动的含义，因此只有一般式，

2.分词的用法：

1.作定语：站在窗旁的那个男人是我们的老师。

Themanstandingatthewindowisourteacher.

被污染的空气河水对人体有害。

Pollutedairandwaterareharmfultopeople’shealth.

请注意：假如此刻分词作定语时，表示动作正在进行或与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生。假如两个动词有先后，一般不可以用此刻分词作定语，而用定语从句。

Theteachercriticizedthestudentwhohadbrokenthewindow.

作状语:

1)Whilehewasreadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.

Whilereadingthebook,henoddedfromtimetotime.

SinceIamastudent,Imuststudyhard.

Beingastudent,Imuststudyhard.

Aswewerenotsatisfiedwiththeresult,wedecidedtodotheexperimentagain.

Notsatisfiedwiththeresult,wedecidedtodotheexperimentagain.

3)Iftimepermits,Iwillfinishanotherlesson.

Timepermitting,Iwillfinishanotherlesson.

Ifheisallowed,hewouldeatallthefoodinthehouse.

Ifallowed,hewouldeatallthefoodinthehouse.

4)Thestudentswentoutoftheclassroom,talkingandlaughing.（说谈笑笑）

Heenteredtheroom,followedbyhisgirlfriend(后边随着女朋友）．

作宾补:

Wesawtheteachermakingtheexperiment.（做实验）

I’veneverheardthesongsunginEnglish.(用英语唱）

作表语：

Thenewsisinspiring（令人激励）

Heissurprised.(他很惊讶)

特色：

1.分词短语作状语,其逻辑主语须与句子的主语一致.

2.表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while或when指引。

有时“with(without)+名词（或代词宾格）+分词的构造表示陪伴情况的独立主格构造。eg.1)Withhishomeworkfinishedaheadoftime,hebegantoplaycomputer.

Hefellasleepwiththelampburning.

分词短语作状语时，若句子主语不是它的逻辑主语（即两边主语不一致）平常在它前面加上它的主语，组成独立主格构造。

Allmymoneystolen,Ihadtowalkwithoutbuyinganything.

Timepermitting,（时间赞同的话）Iwillfinishanotherlesson

主语宾语表语定语状语宾语补足语

动名词

分词

不定式

EXERCISES：

不定式作宾补

1.Theywouldnotallowhim___A___acrossthe

enemyline.

A.toriskgoingB.riskingtogoC.forrisktogoD.riskgoing

ask,tell,invite,force,get,beg,allow,help,wishwant,like,hate,prefer,expect,encourage,advise,persuade,instruct,permit,request,order,warn.cause,urge等等动词后可接不定式作宾补。

2.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister

_A___,todayhewasmade____byhislittlesister.

A.cry,tocryB.crying,cryingC.cry,cryD.tocry,cry使役动词make,let只接不带to的不定式作宾补。

Letmedoitforyou.

3.Asyou’veneverbeentherebefore,I’llhavesomeone_B____youtheway.

A.toshowB.showC.showingD.showed

IhadmyTVsetrepairedyesterday.

Don’thavehimwaitingintherainforsolong.

4.---Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?

---I’dliketohavethispackage_D__,madam.

A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed

5.It’sverycold.Let’smakeafire__B_____ourselves.

A.warmB.towarmC.warmingD.warmed

6.Ihaveasuggestion__C__atthemeeting.

A.putforwardB.puttingforwardC.toputforwardD.tobeputforward

have(有),make(“做”等非使役意义)时接带to的不定式作定语或目的状语

7.InAustralia,hemadealotoffriends__B___averypracticalknowledgeoftheEnglish

language.

A.getB.togetC.gettingD.got

8.I’mgoingtoShanghainextweek.Haveyouanything__D___toyourparents?A.tobuyB.tobeboughtC.totakeD.tobetaken9.Themissingboywaslastseen__A___neartheriver.

A.playingB.tobeplayingC.playD.toplay

10.Theboywhowascaught_B____intheexaminationwillbepunishedbytheteacher.

A.CheatB.cheating.C.tocheatD.cheated

11.Thestrangeryousaw__B___withabigtravellingbagstayedinRoom104yesterday.

A．tocomeinB.comeinC.hascomeinD.whocamein1)感官动词，

2）“以致”动词have,get,keep,leave

12.Whenhewasaboy,heusedtogothereandwatched___C___.

A.bicyclesrepairedB.bicyclestoberepaired

C.bicyclesbeingrepairedD.torepairbicycles

13.Whodidtheteacherhave__C____anarticleforthewallnewspaperjustnow?

A.writtenB.writingC.writeD.towrite

注意这一构造的活用。

Isawthebikebeingrepaired.

Isawthebikerepaired.

Weoftenheardthesongbeingsung.

不定式作状语

14.InordertoimproveEnglish,______.

A.Jenny’sfatherboughtheralotoftapes

B.Jennyboughtalotoftapesforherself

C.alotoftapeswereboughtbyJenny.

D.alotoftapeswereboughtbyJenny’sfather

不定式作状语，其逻辑主语平常是句子的主语。

1>I’llwritedownhistelephonenumberinordertocallhimwhennecessary.

2>Inordernottobelate,wetookataxiinsteadofabus.

3>Shelivedtobeover100.

4>Shewasnotoldenoughtounderstandallthat.

5>WeareproudtobeyoungpeopleofChina.

15.Weshouldpreventpollution__B___happily.

A.fromlivingB.toliveC.livingD.toliving

16.I’mexaminingthecompositionhehasjustfinished__A___thepossiblemistakesinit.

A.tocorrectB.correctC.correctedD.correcting

17.Thedaywelookforwardto__C___atlast.

A.comeB.comingC.cameD.tocome

名

18.Idon’tmind_C____bybus,butIhate_____inqueues.

A.traveling;standB.totravel;tostandC.traveling;tostandD.traveling;tostanding

19.----WhendidyougotoShanghai?

------Iremember_B____therewhenIwasachild.

A.havingtakenB.havingbeentakenC.tobetakenD.taken

20.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed__C_.

A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch

21.__C___tosunlightfortoomuchtimewilldoharmtoone’sskin.

A.ExposeB.HavingexposedC.BeingexposedD.Afterbeingexposed

22.IcanhardlyimaginePeter_C___acrosstheAtlanticOceanin15days.

A.sailB.tosailC.sailingD.tohavesailed

名的复合构：名的主+名

Mary’scomplainingannoyedhim.

Idon’tmindhimcoming.

23.Whatworriedtheboywas_B____tovisithisfatherinthehospital.

A.hisnotallowingB.hisnotbeingallowed.

C.hisbeingnotallowedD.havingnotbeenallowed

分

Thefirsttextbooks__A_____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguage,wereproducedinthe16thcentury.

A.writtenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.havingwritten

25.Thisisoneoftheproblems_D___atthemeetingatpresent.

A.discussedB.dis