英语派生词归纳35736

v1.0可编辑可修改v1.0可编辑可修改ill-不加在名词、形容词前虐待ill-treat 信息不足的ill-informed不礼貌的ill-mannerednon-表示”加在名词、形容词、nonexistenta. 不存在的nonsmokinga.不不,非”副词或作形容词的准吸烟的nonstopa.直达的分词上表示时间和其他关系的前缀前缀意义用法例词re-表示：再一次，重新用于动词及派生名词名词、形容词及其它名词前(=again)renew,续借reborn,rebuild,reappear,retellfore-表示：时间或位置的“在前面”加在动词或名词前(=before)foresee,foreleg,foretell预言,foreknow预卜pre-表示：在前、事先、预先加在名词或形容词前(=before,infront,inadvanee)prepay,prewar,preschool,prehistorypost-表示：时间和顺序的“在后边”加在名词或形容词前(=after,behind)post-war,post-graduatea-表示：在之上，向，在里加在动词或名词前，构成派生形容词、副词或介词asleep,along,aloud,,alive,acrossco-表示：联合、共同加在名词或动词前eo-worker,coexistco-own,co-ownerinter-表示：“互相”、“在一起”加在名词、形容词前构成动词(=between,among)interchange,internationalmid-表示：中间加在名词前(=middle)midday,midnightsuper-表示：咼级、在之上加在名词前(=above,over,upon)superpower,超级大国，superstructure上层建筑over-超过加在动词、名词、形容词前overstudyn.用功过度overworkn.过度劳累overactv. 表演过火overdosen.药物过量overproductionn. 生产过度overcrowdeda.挤满的

ex-表示"前面的，前任的”加在名词前ex-wife前妻ex-president 前任总统ex-表示”出，出去”exclude排夕卜expel赶出，逐出expose暴露exalt使升咼extract抽出，拔出excise切除exceed超过，超出exhale呼气multi-表示”很多，很多”multimediaa. 多媒体的multicultural a.多种文化的multiforma.多种多样的tele-表示远的telephone,televisionmicro-表示“微，小”microscope显微镜microworld微观世界microwave微波microbiology 微生物学microfilm 微缩胶卷auto-自动的automobile汽车autobiography自传vice-表示副vice-president 副总统vice-manager副经理macro-表示大，宏大”Mamacroscopic（宏观）eco-生态的生态学ecology生态系统ecosystem生态友好的eco-friendly

Sino-中国的中日的Sino-Japanese中石化Sinopecsub-“潜，在下面，潜意识（的）subconscious次一等，副手”subtropics亚热带subtitle副标题bi-表示两个，双边bi-bicolor（双色的）,bicycletri-三个三轮车tricycle三角形triangletrans-“变换，改变，tranplant 移植转移”transaction交易；办理transcribe抄与，转录transfigure 改观；变形transfuse输血；充满常见的后缀表示人和物的名词后缀

后缀意义用 法例词表示人-er从事…职业的人，做…的人，…地方的人加在动词、名词、形容词上teacher,workerlearner.-or与-er同义外来后缀，加在外来词上visitor,conductoreducator,translator-eer从事于…的人用于外来词engineer,volunteermountaineer-ess女…的加于名词后，表示阴性actress,waitress-ician...（专）家，…工作者加在以-ic结尾的名词或形容词上physician,politicianmusician-ist从事…职业的人，从事某种…文艺、学术的人，…主义者加在名词上，或-ze结尾的动词上，或以-al结尾的其它词上artist,socialistcommunistphysicist表示物-er表示从事某工作的物加在动词和名词或复合词上washer,洗衣机-or表示从事某工作的物加在动词上conductor,导体，后缀-er构词能力用 法例 词表示人”，加在动词上listener,adviser,speaker,writer,driver,teacher,worker,singer,leader,waiter,runner,discoverer,explorer,maker表示人”，加在名词上banker,,officer,lawyer,prisoner,geographer,joker,表示人”，加在某些地点名词或某些形容词Londoner,NewYorker,villager,Britisher,southerner,foreigner,outsider,stranger表示人”，加在复合词上housekeeper,管家,looker-on,旁观者表示物”，加在动词上washer,boiler,container,lighter ，打火机drawer,表示物”，加在名词上steamer,蒸笼washer,表示物”，加在复合词上loudspeaker,既表示人”也表示物”，加在动词上fighter,战斗机printer,打印机印刷者recorder,ruler抽象名词和集合名词的后缀

-agemarriage,luggage,postage 由B费-urefailure,temperature,pressure,pleasure,-itymajority,opportunity,-mentargument,statement,achievement,amusement,equipment-ismcommunism,criticism,internationalism,socialism-anceappearanee,entrance,-domkingdom,wisdom,freedom-ydifficulty,discovery,bravery,machinery-alarrival,refusal,disapproval,-nesskindness,illness,brightness,selflessness,correctness-shipcitizenship,friendship,professorship,hardship,comradeshiphoodchildhood,brotherhood, 兄弟情谊，-thstrength,growth,length,wealth,truth-erybravery,slavery,chemistry,surgery,machinery后缀为-ion的名词规贝U例 词几乎所有以-ate结尾的动词在变为名词时首先去掉e再加-cate/education,liberate/liberation,translate/translation,graduate/graduation,separate/separation,operate/operation多数以-t结尾的动词直接在词尾加-ion,少数以-te结尾的动词首先去掉e再加-ion.act/action,invent/invention,inspect/inspection,elect/election,select/selection,connect/connection,collect/collection,instruct/instruction,devote/devotion,pollute/pollution多数以-ss结尾的动词直接加-ion.discuss/discussion,oppress/oppression,express/expression,possess/possession多数以-de结尾与少数以-d结尾的动词先把-de或-d变成-s再加-ion.decide/decision,divide/division,provide/provision,invade/invasion,expand/expansion,extend/extension以-mit结尾的动词，先把t变成-ss,再力廿-ion.admit/admission,commit/commission, 承诺permit/permission,transmit/transmission转交多数以-fy结尾的动词先把y改成i再加-cation,少数以-efy或-fy结尾的动词先去掉y再加-action.satisfy/satisfaction,modify/modification, 修改有些动词不是加-ion,而是加-ition,-tion,-ation或-sion而变成名词，其中有些词根因读音关系而发生了变化。add/addition,attend/attention,absorb/absorption,describe/description,produce/production,reduce/reduction,solve/solution,determine/determination,explain/explanation,found/foundation,observe/observation,transport/transportation形容词后缀

后缀意 义用 法例 词-able可/能…的加在名词或及物动词后valuable,horrible,-al有…性质的加在名词后natural,technical,actual-ant,-ent...的加在外来动词词干上important,pleasant,excellent-ic,-ical...性质的，与…有关的加在外来词干的名词上atomic原子,electric,电动basic基本的-ish稍带…的，…气的，…民族的，...语的加在名词或形容词上用于民族国家地名之上feverish,childish,bookish书呆子English,Spanish-ive有…倾向的/性质的加在动词上instructive，教育性 expensive-ful充满…的，引起…的加在名词或少数名词上thankful,powerful,tearful-less无/不...的，不能…的加在名词或动词上homeless,harmless,wireless-ous充满...的，有...特性的加在名词上dangerous,famous,nervous-y有/多...的，想...的加在名词上cloudy,sunny,funny,sleepy-ed有...的，有...特征的加在名词或动词上tired,interested,learned博学-en由...构（制）成的加在物质名词上wooden,earthen,woolen-ern...方的加在表示方位的名词上eastern,western,southern-ly有...性质的，...形状的加在名词或形容词上yearly,daily,orderly,lively副词后缀后缀用法及意义例词-ly加在形容词之后表示某种状态cheerfully,slightly,simply,possibly,excitedly表示某个方面economically,technically表示程度或氾围completely表示时间recently,表示次序firstly,secondly表示方向eastwa