人教版初中英语教材课文要点解析Book2Unit3Computers

Book2Unit3Computers词汇积累1分层单词?写作词汇vt.解决;解答n.真实;事实;现实adv.无论如何；即使如此n.目标；目的;球门;（进球）得分n.类型v.打字vi.出现;发生n.性格;特点n.幸福;快乐・答案l.solve2.reality3.anyhow4.goal5.type6.arise7.character8.happiness?阅读词汇.workn..mobileadj..downloadvt..signalvi.&vt.n..electronicadj..sumn..virusn..mopn.vt.喊答案1.计算2.普遍的;通用的;宇宙的3.革命4.人造的;假白5.网络;网状物6.可移动的；机动的7.下载8.发信号信号9.电子的10.总数;算术题;金额11.病毒12.拖把用拖把拖，擦?拓展词汇vt.简化_adj.简单的n.（电脑）操作员；接线员一v.操作;经营一n.操作;经营adj.合逻辑的;合情理的一adv逻辑上;合逻辑地n.工艺;科技;技术一adj.科技的n.智力;聪明一adj.智能的;聪明的adj.私人的;个人的;亲自的一adv.就个人而言；亲自一n.个性;名人adj.总的;整个的n.总数;合计一adv.完全地;整个地n.应用;用途;申请一v.应用；中请—n.申请人♦答案1.simplify;simple2.operator;operate;operation3.logical;logically4.technology;elligence;intelligent6.personal;personally;personality7.total;totally8.application;apply;applicant02高频短语.从……时起.在某种程度上.在……的帮助下.处理;安排;对付.看守;监视.把……与……相比较.有共同之处.与……分享…….结果.弥补;编造;化妆;构成喊答案1.pare...with...7.havesth.incommon8.share...with...9.asaresult10.makeup03经典句型1.Idevelopedveryslowlyandittooknearlytwohundredyears（我才被制成）asananalyticalmachinebyCharlesBabbage.2.(随着时间的推移)，Iwasmadesmaller.3.Overtimemymemory(发展得如止匕之快以至于),likeanelephant,IneverforgetanythingIhavebeentold!4.Sheprogramsuswithallthepossiblemovesshehasseen(在观看人类比赛时).5.(无论她什么时候来),Ihavetolookafterher,andsometimeshelpherwithherhomework.・答案1.beforeIwasbuilt2.Astimewentby3.hasdevelopedsomuchthat4.whilewatchinghumangames5.WhenevershecomesBook2Unit3Computers单元提升［课文与语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。historyofthecomputerbeganin1642inFrance.2wasfirstbuiltonlyasacalculatingmachine,andlaterasananalyticalmachinethatcould3(logical)thrimk”produceananswer4(quick)thananyperson.Stilllater,the"universalmachine5(solve)mathematicalproblems,which6(make)thecomputerhuge!7timewentby,thecomputerwasmadesmaller,quickerandcleverer.Later,computers8(connect)byanetworkandbroughtintocommonpeople'shomes9(deal)withinformationandhelpwiththecommunicationbetweenpeoplearoundtheworld.Sinceitsbirth,thecomputer10(design)toservethehumanrace...9.10.唬答案.The考查冠词。此处特指电脑的历史”。2.It考查代词。it在此处指代前文出现的电脑。3.logically考查词性转换。修饰动词think,需要用副词形式。3.quicker考查比较级。根据后面的than可知，此处需用比较级。.tosolve考查非谓语动词。此处为目的状语，表示为了解决数学问题.made考查时态。根据主句的时态可知，此处应为一般过去时。.As考查连词。as作为连词意为随着”。.wereconnected考查时态和语态。computers与connect之间为被动关系，且说的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。.todeal考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语，故用动词不定式。.hasbeendesigned考查时态和语态。由时间状语可知，此处应用现在完成时态，且thecomputer与design之间为被动关系。02课文与短文改错根据课文内容，对下面材料进行修改。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。I'mpartinanandroidfootballteam.OnthefootballteamI'mastrikersoIhavetoabletorunveryfast.Mycomputerchipshelpmetomoveandthinkslikeahuman.MyfirstfootballcompetitionisinJapanseveralyearsago.Inthewayourprogrammerislikeourcoach.Sheprogramsuswithallthepossiblymovesshehasseenwhileshewatchinghumangames.Iwouldreallyliketoplayagainstahumanteam,forIhavebeenprogrammedtoactjustlikethemselves.Afterall,withthehelpofmyelectronicbrainwhichneverforgetanything,usemyintelligenceiswhatI'mallabout!I'mpart①anandroidfootballteam.OnthefootballteamI'mastrikersoIhavet(oDAbeabletorunveryfast.MycomputerchipshelpmetomoveandDlikeahuman.Myfirstfootballcompetition④—inJapanseveralyearsago.I®—wayourprogrammerislikeourcoach.Sheprogramsuswithallthe©movesshehasseenwhileDshe或Aiswatchinghumangames.Iwouldreallyliketoplayagainstahumanteam,forIhavebeenprogrammedto

actjustlike馈.Afterall,withthehelpofmyelectronicbrainwhichneveractjustlike馈anything,⑩myintelligenceiswhatI'mallabout!①partof...•的一部分，为固定表达。②haveto后需接动词原形，构成beabletodosth.能够做③think与前面的help并列。④由时间状语“severalyearsago知"，此处应用一般过去时态。⑤句意:在某种程度上，我们的程序员就像我们的教练。inaway在某种程度上，符合句意。intheway挡道。⑥修饰名词需用形容词。⑦去掉she为状语从句的省略形式，从句中的主语及be动词省掉;或者加上is,构成while引导的时间状语从句。⑧此处them指代人类。⑨which指代先行词“myelectronicbrain为单数，故谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。⑩此处为动名词作主语。03话题知识与写作I.根据提示翻译下列句子。.近来，高智商的机器人出现了。(intelligent;arise).有些可以打字、发信号。(type;signal).有些能处理一些重要的事情。(dealwith).在某种程度上，电脑改变了我们的生活。(inaway).许多学生对电脑如此着迷以至于在电脑上花费了太多的时间。(so...that...).结果，一些学生在考试中不及格。(asaresult)(anyhow).尽管如此，电脑在我们的日常生活中仍然起着很重要的作用(anyhow)n.将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。噱答案I.1.Highlyintelligentrobotshavearisenrecently.2.Somecantypeandsignal.3.Somecandealwithsomeimportantthings.naway,computershavechangedourlife..Manystudentsbecomesocrazyaboutcomputersthattheyspendtoomuchtimeonthem..Asaresult,someofthestudentsfailintheexam..Anyhow,computersstillplayanimportantpartinourdailylife.n.［参考范文］Highlyintelligentrobotshavearisenrecently,someofwhichcantype,signal,andevendealwithsomeimportantthings.Inaway,computershavechangedourlife.However,manystudentsbecomesocrazyaboutcomputersthattheyspendtoomuchtimeonthem.Asaresult,someofthestudentsfailintheexam.Anyhow,computersstillplayanimportantpartinourdailydailylife.单元词汇拓展速记1.电脑”词块cyberspacen网络空间databasenK据库;资料库hardwaren硬件keyboardn键盘monitorn.监视器;显示屏mousen鼠标networkn.网络printern.打印机screenn屏幕softwaren.软件clickvt.点击connectvt.连接deletevt.删除downloadvt.下载insertvt.插入surfv.浏览uploadvt.上传2.动词…with...短语associate...with..把与联系起来cover...with...用覆盖connect...with...把与连接起来equip...with...使具有link...with...把与联系起来mix...with...把和混合share...with...与分享3.后缀-ify词块beautify美化classify分类clarify阐明;澄清edify启迪;教诲horrify使恐惧identify鉴定;识别出justify为辩解modify修改修饰purify净化simplify简化specify具体说明题型组合训练四（B）I.七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Manystudentswanttolearnaforeignlanguagewell,butwhatmusttheydo?Inmyopinion,inordertoknowaforeignlanguagethoroughly,fourthingsarenecessary.1Secondly,wemustbeabletospeakitourselvescorrectlywithconfidenceandwithouthesitation.Thirdly,wemustbeabletoreadthelanguage,andfourthly,wemustbeabletowriteit.2Thereisnoeasywaytosucceedinlanguagelearning.Agoodmemoryisagreathelp.3Itisnotmuchuselearningbyheartlonglistsofwordsandtheirmeanings,studyingthedictionaryandsoon.4Ifwearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized,wearenotreallylearningthelanguage.“Learnthroughuse"isagoodpieceofnaxseicehfoiarestudyinganewlanguage.Practiceisimportant.5A.Wemustlearnbyusingthelanguage.B.Tomasteraforeignlanguageisveryimportant.C.Firstly,wemustunderstandthelanguagewhenwehearitspoken.D.Wemustbeabletomakesentencesthataregrammaticallycorrect.E.Wemuststudyhowwehavetodotolearnaforeignlanguage.F.Butitisnotenoughonlytomemorizerulesfromagrammarbook.G.Wemustpracticespeakingandwritingthelanguagewheneverwecan..5.♦答案［语篇解读］文章就如何学好一门外语给出了几点建议。.C考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到：为了彻底地懂得一门外语，四件事是必要的。下一句提到Secondly,故该空应提到第一件事。故选C项。.D考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上文提到：第四点:我们必须会写。承接该句，故D选项正确:我们必须能够造出语法正确的句子。.F考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到：好的记忆力很有帮助。下一句提到：只记住长长的单词表等是没有很大用处的。该空承上启下,F选项正确：只记住语法书上的规则是不够的。.A考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。由该段中的“Learnthroughuse”isagoodpieceofadvice可知,A选项正确：我们必须通过使用语言来学习。.G考查上下文理解和逻辑推理能力。上一句提到：练习很重要。承接该句，G选项正确：只要有可能，我们必须练习说和写这种语言。n.完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2018课标全国I）Duringmysecondyearatthecitycollege,Iwastoldthattheeducationdepartmentwasofferinga“free”course,calledThinkingChess,forthreecreditstheideaoftakingtheclassbecause,afterall,whodoesn'twantto2afewdollars?Morethanthat,I'dalwayswantedtolearnchess.And,evenifIweren't3enoughaboutfreecredits,newsaboutour4wasappealingenoughtome.Hewasaninternationalgrandmaster,which5Iwouldbelearningfromoneofthegame's6.Icouldhardlywaitto7him.MauriceAshleywaskindandsmart,aformergraduatereturningtoteach,andthis8wasnogameforhim;hemeantbusiness.Inhisintroduction,hemadeit9thatourcreditswouldbehard-earned.Inorderto10theclass,amongothercriteria,wehadtowriteapaperonhowweplanto11whatwewouldlearninclasstoourfutureprofessionsand,12,toourlives.ImanagedtogetanAinthat13andlearnedlifelessonsthathaveservedmewellbeyondthe14.TenyearsaftermychessclasswithAshley,I'mstillputtingtousewhathe15me：“TheabsolutemostimportantJ6thatyoulearnwhenyouplaychessishowtomakegood17.Oneverysinglemoveyouhaveto18asituation,processwhatyouropponen的手）isdoingand19thebestmovefromamongallyouroptions."Thesewordsstillringtrue_todayinmy20_asajournalist.

1.A.putforwardB.jumpedatC.triedoutD.turneddown2.A.wasteB.earnC.saveD.pay3.A.excitedB.worriedC.movedD.tired4AtitleB.competitorC.textbookD.instructor5.A.urgedB.demandedC.heldD.meant6.A.fastestB.easiestC.bestD.rarest7.A.interviewB.meetC.challengeD.beat8.A.chanceB.qualificationC.honorD.job9.A.realB.perfectC.clearD.possible10.A.attendB.passC.skipD.observe11.A.addB.exposeC.applyD.compare12.A.eventuallyB.naturallyC.directlyD.normally13.A.gameB.presentationC.courseD.experiment14.A.criterionB.classroomC.departmentD.situation15.A.taughtB.wroteC.questionedD.promised16.A.factB.stepC.mannerD.skill17.A.gradesB.decisionsC.impressionsD.comments18.A.analyzeB.describeC.rebuildD.control19.A.announceB.signalC.blockD.evaluate20.A.roleB.desireC.concernD.behavior答案［语篇解读］本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。在我上大二的那年有幸师从一位国际象棋大师，他教给我的不仅仅是下棋的技巧，更重要的是让我知道这门课程给我的生活和工作带来了无穷的智慧和益处。1.B我欣然接受这次机会，决定参加这门课程的学习。jumpat欣然接受（机会、建议等），符合题意，故答案为B项。putforward提出;tryout试用;turndown拒绝。.C根据前文的a“free”8岷跑,参加这门课不用花钱。此处表示毕竟谁不想省下几美元呢？save节约，节省，符合题意。.A尽管我对免费的学分没那么兴奋，但关于我们象棋导师的消息足够吸引我。所以答案为A项。.D根据后文内容可知，此处指我们的象棋导师。instructor导师,教练。Mtle头衔;compet让or参赛者;textbook课本。.D句意:他是一位国际象棋大师，这就意味着我将师从这个行业中最棒的人之一了。mean意味着。urge督促,敦促;demand要求,需要;hold容纳,举办。根据句意可知选D。.C根据上题的解析可知，他是国际象棋领域中最棒的人之一，所以答案为C项。.B我迫不及待要见到他。meetsb与某人见面，符合语境。interview采访;challenge挑战，质疑;beat击败，打败。8.D他是一位回校任教的毕业生，这份工作对他来说不再是游戏而是事业了。他教我们是他的工作(job),所以答案为D项。chance机会，机遇;qualification资格，资历;honor荣誉。9.C句意:在他的介绍中，他明确地告诉我们，我们的学分不容易获得。makesth.cleartt某事清楚。所以答案为C项。10.B为了通过这门课程，除了其他的标准我们还要写一篇论文来说明我们计划如何把将在课堂上学到的东西运用到我们未来的职业中，并最终运用到生活中。pass通过，符合题意。attend参力口;skip略过;observe观察，遵守。.Capplysth.to..把某事运用到;addsth.to..把某物加到;exposesth.to..把某物暴露在;comparesth.to..把某物比作。根据上题解析可知选C项。.Aeventually最后，最终;naturally自然,当然;directly直接地;normally正常地。根据第50题解析可知A项符合题意。.C我在这门课中取得了A的成绩。根据文章第一句中的offeringa“free”助our崛处要用course所以答案为C项。game游戏,比赛;presentation出示,陈述;experiment实验。.B根据语境可知我跟老师学习这门课程是在教室里面，而对我的影响要大大超出了教室所以答案为B项。criterion标准,准则;department部;situation局势,形势。.A十年之后，我还在把他教给我的东西运用到我的生活中。此处表达老师十年前教给我的东西，所以答案为A项。.D此处指下象棋的技巧，所以答案为D项。17.B这个最重要的技巧就是如何做出最好的决定，也就是在走下一步棋之前要做出最好的决定(decisions)所以答案为B项。grade年级,成绩;impressionER象;comment评论。.A每走一步你都要认真分析形势。analyze分析，符合语境。describe描写，描述;rebuild重建，重修;control控制。.D在你的所有选择中评估出最佳的一步。evaluate评价，评估符合语境。announce宣布,宣告;signal发信号;block堵塞，阻塞。.A句意:如今，在我作为一名新闻工作者的角色中他的话依旧是正确的。role角色符合语境。desire渴望，愿望;concern关心,担心;behavior行为，举止。出.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2018江西高三毕业班新课程教学质检)Alotofpeopleinourcountrytakeanapafterlunch;sodomyclassmates.1(recent)Ihaveconductedasurveyon2(take)anapafterlunchamongmyclassmates.Mostofthemareinthehabitofsleepingfor3whileatnoonastheybelieveitdoesgoodtothem.Themajorityprefer4(do)soaround12:30andthenapusuallylastsforabout30minutes.Theyoften5(choice)tosleepathomeinsteadofintheirclassroom6dormitory.Hopefully,theresultofmysurveycandrawtheattentionofourparentsandschool.Sincemoststudentsareinneedofanap,properj(arrange)shouldbemadesothatstudentscanhaveagoodrestafterawhole8(morning)hardwork.Studentsshouldnot9(ask)todoextraworkduringthisperiodoftime.Afterall,havinganapafterlunch,onecanfeel10(refresh)andenergeticenoughtostudymoreefficientlyintheafternoon...9.10.♦答案［语篇解读］作者在同班同学之间做了一个关于午后小睡的调查。文章介绍了调查结果。1.Recently考查副词。该空作时间状语，故要填副词recently,且位于句首，首字母应大写。2.taking考查动名词。一个关于午后小睡的调查。该空作介词on的宾语，故填动名词taking。3.a考查冠词。forawhile意为〜会儿.todo/doing考查固定句式。prefertodo/doingsth意为宁愿做某事”是prefer的固定用法,故该空填todo/doingo.choose考查谓语动词。他们经常选择在家里睡觉。该句主语为They该空作谓语，且该句陈述的是客观事实，故该空要用一般现在时态。.or考查连词。句意：他们经常选择在家里而不是在教室或宿舍里睡觉。根据句意，该空填or表示选择。.arrangements考查名词。该空在句中作主语，填名词。makearrangements/makeanarrangement意为做安科F”故填arrangements.morning's考查名词所有格。经过了一上午的努力学习之后，同学们可以好好地休息。该空修饰hardwork,故应填名词所有格形式。.beasked考查被动语态。句意：在这段时间，学生们不应该被要求做额外的作业。主语Students和ask之间是被动关系，故该句应用被动语态，且空前有should,故填beasked10.refreshed考查形容词。该空和energetic并列，作系动词feel的表语，故该空填形容词refreshed意为精神抖擞的，恢复精力的IV.短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。DearGinni,Howareyougettingonthesedays?IwonderifyoucouldsellsomeChineseknots（吉）forme.Imakethemmyselfwithredsilkthreads,clothandsomeothermaterials.Theylookrealbeautifulintheshapeofadiamond,about5incheslongor4incheswide.InChina,thisknotsstandforfriendship,loveandgoodlucky.Peoplecaneithergivethemasgiftsfriendsorhangitintheirhouses.Theyareonly12.99dollarsevery.Ifanyonewantstoknowmoreaboutknots,letthemwritetome.Also,doletmeknowifyouareneedfurtherinformation.Thankyou!ZhangLin・答案.第二段第二句：make-made句意:我自己用红丝线、布和一些其他材料制作的（中国结）。制作中国结是过去的行为，故该句要用一般过去时态。将make改为made.第二段第三句：real-really修饰形容词要用real的副词形式really。.第二段第三句:or-and这些中国结大约长5英寸，宽4英寸。长和宽是并列关系，不是选择关系，故应将or改为and。.第二段第四句:this-thesethis指这个;these指这些。该处指上文提到的这些中国结，故将this改为these.第二段第四句：lucky-luck作介词for的宾语应用名词形式。故将形容词lucky改为luck。.第二段第五句：friends前加togivesth.tosb.意为给某人某物”是固定用法。故应在friends前力口to。.第二段第五句:it-them考查代词。此处指代knots,故用them。.第二段第六句：every-each句意:它们每个售价只有12.99美元。every意为每一个”是形容词，一般用来修饰名词，不能作同位语，故将every改为each。.第三段第一句：knots前加the该处特指上文提到的中国结。故要在knots前加the。.第三段第二句：去掉need前的are句意:而且，如果你需要进一步的信息，一定让我知道。此处need为实义动词，故应将are去掉。V.书面表达（2018课标全国n）你受学生会委托为校宣传栏英语天地”写一则通知，请大家观看一部英文短片GrowingTogether,内容包括：.短片内容:学校的发展；.放映时间、地点；.欢迎对短片提出意见。注意：.词数100左右;.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯答案Onepossibleversion:NoticeDearschoolmates,Itisagreathonortobeonbehalfofourschooltoinformyouthatwe'llinviteyoutoseeanEnglishshortfilmnamedGrowingTogether,whichisaboutthedevelopmentofourschool.Wehavearrangedthattheshortfilmwillbeonshowfrom16:00to17:00atourschooltheatertomorrow.Don'tmissthechanceoftakingpartinthiscollectiveactivity.Idohopeyoucangiveussomevaluablesuggestionsabouttheshortfilm.Pleasegiveyourfeedbackintimeandcontactusatyourconvenience.Students'UnionBook2Unit3Computers语境运用1语境词汇运用?词汇拼写（注意单词或短语的适当形式变化）1.Theidea"（幸福）”,tobesure,willnotsitstillforeasydefinition.2—Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?—Thekeyto（解决）theproblemistomeetthedemandmadebythecustomers..（无论如何），we'reherenow,solet'sgetdowntosomeseriouswork..Lucyhasachievedallofthe（目标）shesetforherselfinhighschoolandisreadyfornewchallengesatuniversity..Don'tbotherhim,fortheoperatorisbusy（下载）somesoftwareingreatneednow..Thetypistisgoodat（打字）..Asaleader,healwayskeepscalmwheneverproblems（出现）..Atthelastmoment,Tomdecidedtoputinanew（角色）tomakethestoryseemmorelikely..Thecleanerwas（用拖把拖）thefloorwithamopwhenthemanagerentered..Pleasepayattention!Redisa（信号）ofdanger..（现实）isnotthewayyouwishthingstobe,northewaytheyappeartobe,butthewaytheyactuallyare.2.I'goingtodeliveraspeechabouthowto（处理）troubles..Roberthasrichworkexperience,soitwill（弥补）hislackofacademicknowledge..Theyusespeciallytraineddogsto（看守）theirsheepatnight..—Howabouthisspeechatthemeeting?—Whathesaidwasreasonable（在某种程度上）..thehappiness（与分享）others,andyouwillgetmorehappiness..Thoughtheyaretwins,they（没有共同之处）..Therehavebeensomanyconflictsintheworldrecently.（结果），peopleareconcernedabouttheworldpeace..（在的帮助下）Dr.Robot,ahumandoctorcanhavealotofusefulinformationwhenhemeetshispatient.。答案1.happiness2.solving3.Anyhow/Anyway4.goals5.downloading6.typing7.arise8.character9.mopping10.signal11.Reality12.dealwith13.makeupfor14.watchover15.inaway16.Share;with17.havenothingincommon