上海高一上新教材同步讲义Unit1

Unit1Ourworld【词汇和短语】词汇局部：digitaladj.数字信息系统的；数码的；数字式的typicaladj.典型的：有代表性的；不出所料的：特有的eventn.发生的事情；〔尤指〕重要的事情,大事4.onto〔与动词连用,表示朝某处或某位置运动〕向,朝midnightn.子夜,午夜routmen.常规,正常顺序scenen.场面；片段,镜头earn.v.挣得,赚得,挣钱deathn.死亡,死buttonn.扣子；纽扣ILtypen.类型；种类uniqueadj.独特的：唯一的respondadj.反响selectv.挑选；选择organizationn.组织：机构；团体goaln.目标,目的partner.n.伙伴,同伴；配偶：结成伙伴improvev.〔使〕改良,〔使〕改善：currentlyadv.当前,现在：schedulen.匚作方案,日程安排conferencen.会议qualityn.质量；品质delivern.给与,递送inspirev.鼓励;鼓舞tipn.指点,实用的提示acquirev.获得：习得challengen.挑战r向…发起挑战volunteern.志愿者,义务工作者；v.自愿做,义务做locationn.地方,地点,位置lengthn.长度,〔持续〕时间的长短electricityn.电materialn.〔某一活动所需的〕材料senioradj.年长的；高级的；n.较年长的人junioradj.初级的；freedom.n.〔权利或状态〕自由dormn.集体宿舍；学生宿舍aspectn.方而；层面explorationn.探究,研究：探测editv.编辑,校订〔文章、书籍等〕particularadj.专指的；特指的elementn.元素,要素behaviorn.行为relatedadj.相关的：有联系的lanternn.灯笼traditionn.传统reflectv.显示,说明,表达attituden.态度：看法respectn.尊重descriptionn.描述短语局部：videoclip视频片段：视频剪辑timecapsule时间文物贮藏器〔收藏具有时代特征的物品〕：时间胶囊mall总共hulahoop呼啦圈welloff富有的：富裕的bekeenon喜爱,对……着迷：有兴趣papertowel厚纸巾beashamedof为感到羞愧onbehalfof代表referto描述：涉及：与相关Clmieseknot中国结dragonboat龙舟：龙船【重点单词】digitaladj.数字信息系统的；数码的；数字式的TlienewdigitaltechnologywouldallowarapidexpansioninthenumberofTVchannels.新的数码技术可使电视频道的数量得以快速增多.【常用短语】digitaltelevision数字电视；数位电视；数码电视机；数码电视digitaldevice数码设备〔平板电脑,pad.数码相机以及智能等〕digitalvideo数字视频；数码摄像机；数字视讯digitalmapping［〕«］数字测图；数码绘图；数字化测图【拓展】digitn.数字typicaladj.典型的；有代表性的；不出所料的；特有的TliispatternofwoodsandfieldsistypicaloftheEnglishlandscape.这是具有典型英格兰风景特征的森林与田野.【拓展】typen.类型；品种；模式routinen.常规,正常顺序Theplayershadtochangetheirdailyroutineandlifestyle.这些运发动不得不改变他们的每日常规和生活方式.【拓展】routineadj.常规的,例行公事的：平淡乏味的〔表不满〕routinework日常工作asenesofroutmemedicaltestsincludingX-raysandbloodtests.一系列包括X光和验血在内的常规医学检查.scenen.场面；片段,镜头；景象It'sasceneofcompletedevastation.那是一幅满目疮痍的景象.【常见词组】onthescene在场：出现；到场nightscene夜景newscene新建场景：建立新场景；新场景behindthescene幕后；幕后花絮；未开拓市,场uniqueadj.独特的；唯一的Eachperson'ssignatureisunique.每个人的签名是独一无二的.【拓展】imiquelyadv.惟一地Becauseoftheextremecold,dieAntarcticisauniquelyfragileenvironment.由于极端严寒,南极州的生态环境尤其脆弱.【近义词辨析】typical典型的,强调同类中比拟具代表性的：imique唯一的,强调个性与众不同：rare罕见的,珍贵的,强调数量少而显得珍贵：common共同的,普遍的；强调同类中的共性,也可指因数量而常见：particular特定的,特殊的；具有具体指向性的特例.special特殊的,特别的：强调独特性,在某方面与众不同.deliverv.给与,递送TlieCanadiansplantodelivermorefoodtosoutlieniSomalia.加拿大人方案向索马里南部运送更多的食物.【拓展】.实现；履行Tlieyhavetoshowtliattheycanreallydelivertlieirduty.他们仍需证实他们确实能履行责任..发表［正式］Thepresidentwilldeliveraspeechaboutschook.校长将发表关于学校的演讲..给(产妇)接生Althoughwe'dplannedtohaveourbabyathome,weneverexpectedtodeliverherourselves!尽管我们是打算在家生孩子,可我们从未想过要自己给她接生！n.delivery投递,分娩.deliverfood外卖(尤指外卖员送餐到家或指定地点的外卖：take-awayfood指制作好后购置者从餐厅内带走的外卖,二者注意区分)8.inspirev.鼓励；鼓舞Teachersshouldinspireallstudentstothinkcreatn'ely.老师应该鼓励所有学生发挥创造性思维.n.inspiration鼓励;鼓舞：灵感【固定搭配】inspiresb.todosth.鼓舞某人去做某事.【拓展】.唤起；激起Inthe1960s,theelectricguitarplayer.JumHendrix,inspiredageneration.20世纪60年代,电吉他演奏家吉米激发了一代人的热情..赋…以灵感；给…以启示Tliebookwasinspiredbyarealperson.这本书是受一个人启发而写成的.acquirev.获得；习得.(Ifyouacquiresomething,youbuyorobtainitforyourself,orsomeonegivesittoyou.)获得GeneralMotorsacquireda50%stakeinSaabforaboutS400m.通用汽车公司以大约4亿美元获得了萨博50%的股份..(Ifyouacquiresometliiiigsuchasaskillorahabit,youleamit.ordevelopittlirougliyourdailylifeorexperience.)习得Pveneveracquiredatasteforwine.我从未养成对前萄酒的爱好.challengen.挑战v.向…发起挑战Tlienewgovernment'sfirstchallengeistheeconomy.新政府而临的第一项挑战是经济.Tlieyplantochallengetheirrivals.他们方案挑战竞争对手.volunteern.志愿者,义务工作者；v.自愿做,义务做Shenowhelpsinalocalschoolasavolunteertlireedaysaweek.她现在作为一名志愿者每周3天在当地一所学校帮助.Hevolunteeredforthearmyin1939.他在1939年自愿参军.senioradj.年长的；高级的；n.较年长的人；〔地位以及职位、资格较高的〕上级thecompanysseniormanagement.该公司的高级治理人员.seniortlireestudents高三学生seniorcitizen老年市民,老年人反义词：junior初级的,下级的particular.adj专指的；特指的IhaveaparticularresponsibilitytoensureImakedierightdecision.我有特别责任要保证做出正确的决定.【拓展】adj.挑剔的Tedwasveryparticularaboutthecoloursheused.特德对于他使用的颜色是非常挑剔的.【固定搭配】beparticularaboutsth.对…挑剔reflectv.反射；深思Tliesunreflectedoffthesnow-coveredmoimtams.阳光从被雪覆盖的山峦反射回来.Weshouldallgiveourselvestmietoreflect.我们都应该给自己时间来深思.【拓展】V反映；表现；显示Anewspaperreportseemstoreflecttheviewofmostmembers.报纸的一篇报导似乎反映了大多数成员的观点.respectn/v尊重；遵守Iwanthimtorespectmeasacareerwoman.我要他把我作为一个职业女性来尊重.Itisabouttimetouroperatorsrespecteddielawandtheirowncodeofconduct.现在该是旅行社经营者们遵守法律和他们自己的行业标准的时候了.【固定搭配】show/payone,srespectstosb,向…表示尊敬；向…致敬.TliepeopleiiiWuhanpaytheirrespectstothenursesfromdiewholecoiuitry.武汉人民向来自全国各地的护士们致敬.【拓展】respect做名词时还有“方面〞的意思；intliisrespect/inmanyrespects在这方面/在许多方面另外withrespecttosth.也比拟常见,译成关于；至于Parentsoftenhavelittlechoicewithrespecttothewaytheirchildismedicallytreated.至于他们孩子被医治的方式,父母通常少有选择的余地.【课堂练习】Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesfromtheboxbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.A.volunteerB.routineC.particularD.inspireE.challengeF.sceneG.reflectH.acquireLtypicalJ.uniqueK.domesticThecarvingsrepresentahunting.这些雕刻作品描绘了一幅狩猎的场面.Thenewgovernmenfsfirstistheeconomy.新政府而临的第一项挑战是经济.Theoceanwouldmoreheatandlight.海洋会反射更多的光和热.Tedwasveryaboutthecoloursheused.特德对于他使用的颜色是非常挑剔的.AuntMarytocleanupthekitchen.玛丽姨妈主动要求清扫厨房.Administrativepersonnelshouldalsosometechnicalskills.治理人员也应该学几门手艺.Thewindowhadbeenreplacedlastweekduringmaintenance.那窗在上星期的例行检修中已被换掉了.Thissuccesswillmetogreaterefforts.这次成功大大地鼓励了我下次更加努力,ThispaintingisaworkofRembrandl(伦勃朗).这幅画是一幅典型的伦勃朗作品.Maryisaverjfinterestingpersonwhohasherinterpretationoflife.玛丽是一个非常有趣的人,她对生活有着独特的理解.1-5：scene:challenge;reflect:particular;volunteered6-10:acquire;routine;inspire;typical;unique二.GrammarDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordtliatbestfitseachblank.A14-year-oldGirlBuiltanApptoHelpAlzheimer5spatients(老年痴呆症患者)Formanyteenagers,theirlivestypicallymightcirclearoundschoolworkandspendingtmiewithfriends.NotsoforEmmaYang.ThoughtheHongKong-borngirlisonly14,she(21)(create)herownmobileappforAlzheimer'spatientsalready.TheTunelessapp.whichYangspenttwoyears(22)(develop),comeswithseveralimportantfeatures.Itisanartificialintelligence-poweredfacialrecognitionsystemintheapp(23)helpsAlzheimerspatientsidentifypeopleillphotosandrememberwhotheyare.Italsoallowsphotos(24)(group)byindividualsaswellasprovidesapicture-basedphonebook,whichenablesausertotaponphotostocallortextaperson.TheinspirationtodevelopanappthatwouldhelpAlzheimer'spatientsconnectwiththeirlovedonescametoYangatdieageof12,whenhergrandmotherstartedforgettingtilingslike(25)shelivedandYang^birthday.“Iwantedtocreatesomethuigtohelppeoplelikemygrandmotherstay(26)(connect)witliherfamily/'Yangsaid.Itwasataskshewaswell-preparedtoundertake,(27)venturecapitalistsdidn'ttakeherworkseriously.YangstartedacrowdfindingcampaigninMarchlastyeartosupporther37/we/esAappproject.ThateffortraisedmorethanS10,000.AtpresentYangworkswitlianinternationalteamthatincludesadesignerinCaliforniaandadeveloperinCologne.Germany.ThechiefteclmologyofficerofKanos,theAIcompany(28)technologyisusedintheTimelessapp,isnowYang'sadviser.Yangurgedotheryoung,ambitiouspeopletobelievein(29)becausetheteenagersoftodaywillbetomorrow'sleaders."Technologyhasbeenabletomakekidsputtheirideasintoaction,shesaid〞(30)yongetouttliereandputyourselfoutthere,tellpeopleaboutyourideaandfindoutwho'sonboardandcangetbehmdit,you'lleventuallyfindthatteamofpeople/521.hascreated22.developing23.tliat24.tobegrouped25.where26.connected27.but28.whose29.themselves30.Aslongas现在进ft廿的枇册现在进行时的被动语态由“bebeing+及物动词的过去分词〞构成,助动词be有人称和数的变化〔am,isare〕..表示此刻正在进行的被动动作.Theprojectisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.Anewfilmisbeingshowninthetheater.Myhouseisbeingpaintednow..表示现阶段正在进行的被动动作,但此动作不一定在此时此刻发生.Manyinterestingexperiencesarebeingcarriedoutthesedays.Amodernschoolisbeingbuiltinourhometown.Acomputercenterisbeingbuiltforthestudents?.表示经常的被动行为,常和always,often,constantly等词连用.〔表达某种感情色彩〕Heisalwaysbeingpraisedbytheteacher.—.注意不可遗漏being现在进行时的被动语态表示说话时正在进行的一个被动的动作,强调主语是动作的承受者,其构成为“am/is/are+being+动词的过去分词〞.如果我们把being漏掉,就成为一般现在时的被动语态或系表结构.如：Look!Thechildrenarebeingtakencareofbytheiraunt.瞧!那些孩子正由他们的姑妈照看着.区别：Childrenaretakengoodcareofatschool.孩子们在学校被照看得很好.〔指通常情况〕二.注意不可无视“现阶段〞现在进行时的被动语态也可表示目前这一阶段正在进行的一个被动的动作.如：Manyinterestingexperimentsarebeingcarriedoutthesedays.如今许多有趣的实验正在被进行着.〔说话时,并不一定在进行〕三.注意没有现在进行时的被动语态的动词一些表示“状态、心理活动、拥有、存在〞等的动词,一般不用现在进行时的被动语态,而常用一般现在时的被动语态.如:XiaoWaiig,comehere.Youarewantedonthephone.小王,过来,有你的.Footballisbecomingmoreandmorepopular.Inotherwords,itislovedbymoreandmorepeople.足球现在越来越流行了,换句话说,它被越来越多的人喜爱.四.注意“be+under/in等介词+名词〞结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义.如:Theproblemisunderdiscussion(isbeingdiscussed)atthemeetmg.这个问题正在会上讨论口Thetelephoneisinuse(=isbemgused)now.这部正在使用中.【课堂练习】Themiludeerattheresearchcenteratpresent.A.wasbeingstudiedB.willbestudiedC.isbeingstudiedD.havebeenstudiedWecanhearthatthepapersquicklyonfast-movingprintingmachines.A.willbeprintedB.werebeingprintedC.havebeenprintedD.arebeingprintedMoneyforthenatureproject.A.wascollectedB.havebeencollectedC.isbeingcollectedD.arebeingcollectedHesaidhisfatherabroadthenextyear.A.hasbeensentB.isbeingsentC.willbesentD.wouldbesentTheplanthathemadeafewdaysagonow.A.hasbeencarriedoutB.isbeingcarriedoutC.willbecarriedoutD.wasbeingcarriedout—Whereisthepanda?—Itbythedoctor.A.wasbeingexaminedB.isbeingexaminedC.willbeexaminedD.hasbeenexaminedWecan'twatchTVtonightbecauseit.A.hasbeenrepairedB.hasn'tbeenrepairedC.wasbeingrepairedD.hadn'tbeenrepaired8.EveryboyandeverygirlequallyinChinanow.A.isbeingtreatedB.arebeingtreatedC.treatD.aretreated9.Morethanonepatientbythenurseatthemoment.A.arebeingtakencareofB.isbeingtakencareofC.aretakencareofD.istakecareof10.Themeetingnowisofgreatimportance.A.heldB.beingheldC.isbeingheldD.willbeheld11.Sheisoneofthegirlsinourclasswhoforthecomingsportsmeetingnow.A.isbeingtrainedB.aretrainedC.istraining12.Allthataboutrightnowshouldnotbeletout.A.aretalkedB.isbeingtalkedC.istalkedD.arebeingtrainedD.arebeingtalkedThepoortoliveontheirownlabourattheverymoment.A.ishelpedB.arehelpedC.arebeinghelpedD.isbeinghelpedTheworldbymanhimselfnow.A.isbeingdestroyedB.arebeingdestroyedC.hasbeendestroyedD.willbedestroyed15.Apairofshoes;theycan'tbeusednow.A.arebeingmendedB.isbeingmendedC.ismendedD.aremended16.--Hi,Tom,canIuseyourcomputerforawhilethisafternoon?---Sorry.A.It,srepairedB.IthasbeenrepairedC.Il'sbeingrepairedD.Ithadbeenrepaired1.Newfunctions(add)tothecameraatpresent.2.Manyspeeches(hold)inourschoolthesedays.1don'tknowwhattimeitisnow.Mywatch(repair)Anewstadium(build).Theyhopetofinishitnextmonth.—Doyoulikethematerial?-Yes,it(feel)verysoft.Thebridgewhich(build)lastyear(look)beautiful.Thecamerayou(use)now(belong)tome.Onethirdoftheclass(question)bytheteachersnow.--Whatrsthatnoise?--Oh.Iforgottotellyou.Thenewmachine(test).10.Look!Theforeignguests(show)aroundthefactorybyMr.Zhang.Keys：1.arebeingadded2.arebemgheld3isbeingrepaired.4.isbemgbuilt5.feels6.wasbuiltlooks7.areusingbelongs8.arebemgquestioned9.isbemgtested10.arebeingshown【课后作业】GrammarandVocabularv24*1.5%l.Ifashophaschairswomencanparktheirmen.theywillspendmoretimeintheshop.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句.句意：如果商店里有椅子供和妇女来购物的男人们使用,妇女们在商店中会呆更长的时间.〞这是一个定语从句,先行词为chairs,表示地点,并且先行词在从句中做地点状语,所以定语从句须用where引导.应选D.【点睛】判断一个从句是不是定语从句,要看一下从句之前是否出现相应的单词短语或句子作为被修饰语使用.如何选用关系词,只需看从句.在没有关系词的情况下,假设从句结构不完整,缺少名词性成分(主语、宾语、表语),那么应用关系代词.假设从句为完整的句子,那么应用关系副词.关系副词where.when和why引导定语从句时,在定语从句中分别作地点、时间和原因状语,起副词和介词短语的作用.所以由题中先行词chairs表示地点、从句缺地点状语可知,关系词应选用where..Theworkersovercameallthedifificultiesandcompletedtlieprojecttwomonthsaheadoftime,issomethingwehadnotexpected.A.whatB.thatC.wliichD.it【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非限制性定语从句.句意：他们战胜了种种困难,并提前两个月完成了任务,这是我们所没有预料到的.由于后而句子是用来修饰前而的句子的,所以是一个定语从句.空白处的词应指代整个上句,并在从句中做主语,且由于这句话属于非限定性定语从句,所以引导词只能是which.应选C.【点睛】非限制性定语从句的引导词：关系代词和关系副词的选择方法与限制性定语从句一样：关系词在从句中做主语或宾语时,用关系代词：在从句中做状i再是用关系副词.非限制性定语从句的关系代词无论指人还是指物,都不能用that.指人时,如果关系代词在从句中做主语,就用who：做宾语时就用whom.指物时要用which.这里要注意的是,关系代词在非限制性定语从句做宾语时也不能省略.例如本句中,先行词为前边整句话,指代一件事情,所以关系词只能用which..TheEnglishprogramnonnallyattracts1,000studentsayear,halfwillbefromabroad.A.inwhichB.forwhomC.withwhichD.ofwhom【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句.句意：这个英语课程正常一年吸引1000个学生,其中有一半是来自海外.这是一个定语从句,先行词为L000Students〔1000个学生〕,从句缺主语,且从句的主语与先行词之间有限定关系〔halfofthe1.000students〕,这种情况下,表示限定关系的介词短语是不可以省略的,介词可以提前放在which〔指事物不能用that〕或者whom〔指人不能用who〕之前,也可放于原来的位置.先行词L000students〔指人〕在这个短语中做宾语,所以用关系词whom.题干中有half,所以空格处应填ofwhom.应选D,【点睛】“介词+关系代词〞引导的定语从句是定语从句的一种复杂形式,这类定语从句的关系代词主要有which,whom,whose,它们既可以引导限定性定语从句,也可以引导非限定性定语从句.关系代词前该选用什么样的介词,要根据不同的语境、习语、惯用法等来决定.当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时,介词可以提前放在which〔指事物不能用that〕或者whom〔指人不能用who〕之前,也可放于原来的位置,但在含有介词的动词固定短语中,由于动词和介词的关系比拟紧密,一般不能将介词与动词拆开而将介词提到关系代词之前.这类短语动词有listento/lookat/dependoa'takecareoflookinto/breakinto/getndoflookforwardto等.例如此题中halfof…就是一种习惯性搭配,先行词1,000students〔指人〕在这个搭配中做宾语,所以用关系词whom.应选D..Doyouknowthemanjustnow?A.towhoInoddedB.InoddedtoC.whomInoddedD.whomInoddedtoImn.【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句.句意：你熟悉我刚刚同他点头的那个人吗？表达“向……点头〞的意思时,nod为不及物动词,需要译为“nodt.此题句子是一个定语从句,先行词为theman,从句为Inoddedtotheman,由于theman做to的宾语,所以当t.与关系词连用时,关系词用whom,当t.不与关系词连用时,关系词用who八vhom或者直接看略都可以.选项A中关系词应用whom,选项C中介词to不可以省略,选项D中关系词作宾语,就不可以再出现him,选项B是直接省略了关系词的表达法.应选B..TliisisdieTVstationwevisitedlastyearA.whereB.thatC.towhichD.inwhich【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句.句意：这就是我们去年参观的那个电视台.这是一个定语从句,先行词为theTVstation〔电视台〕,指物,并且先行词在从句中做宾语,所以关系词应选用关系代词that/w如ch或者可直接省略“visit是及物动词,可以直加接theTVstation做宾语,不需要介词.应选B.【点睛】判断一个从句是不是定语从句,要看一下从句之前是否出现相应的单词短语或句子作为被修饰语使用.在没有关系词的情况下,假设从句结构不完整,缺少名词性成分〔主语、宾语、表语〕,那么应用关系代词.假设从句为完整的句子,那么应用关系副词.本句话中,从句与先行词theTVstation之间是修饰关系,所以是定语从句.从句谓语动词visited后缺宾语,所以使用关系代词.选择定语从句中关系代词时,首先,确定先行词是人还是物,其次,确定定语从句中缺少的成分.当从句缺少主语时,假设先行词指人,那么关系词使用who/that,假设先行词指物,关系词使用which,that.当从句缺少宾语时,假设先行词指人,那么关系词使用whoAMiomthat或者可以省略,假设先行词指物,关系词使用which/that或者可以省略.如果从句缺少的是定语,假设先行词指人,那么关系词使用whose,假设先行词指物,关系词使用whose或者.fwhich.此题中关系词指物,从句缺宾语,所以关系词使用which,that或者可以省略.结合选项,应选.Thereasonhehasresignedispoorhealth.A.inwhichB.whereC.whyD.which【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句.句意：他离职的原因是身体不好.这是一个定语从句,先行词为Thereason,且先行词在从句中做原因状语,所以使用关系词why,应选C.amgoingtoseethemanagertomorrow,hewillbebackfromNewYork.A.whenB.whichC.inwhichD.onwhich【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非限制性定语从句.句意：明天我会去见经理,他明天从纽约回来.这是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词为tomorrow,表示时间,且从句中缺少时间状语,tomorrow,tomorrow直接做时间状语,前边不需要介词.应选A.

.Alltheapplesfelldownfromdietreewereeatenupbythepigs.A.theyB./C.tliatD.which【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查定语从句.句意：从树上落下来的所有苹果都被猪吃光了.这是一个定语从句,主句部份为：Alltheappleswereeatenupbythepigs：从句部份为felldownfiomthetree.先行词为theapples.且先行词在从句中做主语,所以关系词可使用which或that,但由于先行词被不定代词all修饰,所以关系词只能用that.应选C.【点睛】选择定语从句中关系代词时,首先,确定先行词是人还是物,其次,确定定语从句中缺少的成分.当从句缺少主语时,假设先行词指人,那么关系词使用、vho/that,假设先行词指物,关系词使用如ch,心at.当从句缺少宾语时,假设先行词指人,那么关系词使用who/whomtliat或者可以省略,假设先行词指物,关系词使用which/that或者可以省略.但是在以下七种情况下,只能用tliat不能用which.①领先行词是anything,everything,notlimg,none等不定代词时②先行词有every、any,all.some,no.little,few,much等修饰时③先行词有theonly.thevery-thejust修饰时④先行词为序数词〔thelast〕、数词、形容词最高级时⑤先行词既有人,又有物时⑥当主句是以who或which开始的特殊疑问句时,用that以预防重复⑦关系代词在从句中做表语时.此题考查的就是先行词被不定代词修饰时,只能用that的情况..Weoftenthuikofthedayswespenttogetherontheisland.A.whenB.whichC.inwhichD.duringwhich【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句.句意：我们经常想起我们在岛上一起度过日子.这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词为thedays,指物,并且先行词在从句中做spent的宾语,所以关系词可用thathvhich或者不填.应选B.【点睛】当表示时间、地点的先行词作先行词时,同学们要认真分析先行词在从句中作什么成份.如果先行词在从句中做主语或宾语,关系词要选用关系代词、如ch/that,做宾语时还可以不填关系词.但是这些词还有可能在从句中做时间状语和地点状语,领先行词在从句中做状语时,要填关系副词when〔表示时间〕和where〔表示地点〕.例如此题先行词thedays表示时间,但是分析从句,会发现它在从句中作宾语,所以选关系代词..HehasleftBeijmg.ameetmgistobeheld.AwheAwhenB.whereC.asD.which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非限制性定语从句.句意：他已经离开了北京,就是在那儿有一个会议将被举行.先行词为Beijmg,表示地点,且这个先行词在从句中做地点状i甬所以应使用关系副词where.应选.Canyousolvesuchproblemsraisedbytheaudience?A.whatwereB.aswereC.tliatwereD.whichwere【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查定语从句.句意：你能解决被观众提出的这样的问题吗？这是一个定语从句,先行词为problems〔问题〕,且从句中缺少主语,因此用关系代词.又由于suchas是固定搭配,因此不用that或which做关系词,关系词应用as.应选B.【点睛】as引导的限制性定语从句,主要出现在一些固定的结构中如such…as,thesame…as等,此外它也可以单独使用,as在限制性定语从句中可用作主语、宾语和表语.此题考查的就是as引导的限制性定语从句.由于有先行词,从句缺少主语,所以这是一个定语从句.又由于such...as这个固定结构,所以此题的关系词只能填as..Pleasepassmethedictionarycoverisblack.A.whichB.itsC.whoseD.whichof【答案】C【解析】试题分析：考查定语从句.句意：请把那有着本黑色封皮的字典递给我.\vmch作主语或宾语；its不能引导但也想家,排除B；关系代词Whose在定语从句中作定语,限定后面的名词..fwhich相当于whose,whose-名词="of'whichthe+名词="the"+名词ofwhich.排除D；whose在本句中修饰名词cover,应选C.考点：考查定语从句.Thisisthebiggestlabwehaveeverbuiltinouruniversity.A.whichB.whatC.tliatD.Where【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查定语从句.句意：这是我们大学建的最大的实验室.先行词是thebiggestlab,有最高级修饰先行词时,而且在定语从句中缺少宾语,定语从句用that引导.应选C.haveboughtdiesamedresssheiswearing.A.asB.thatC.wliichD.than【答案】A【解析】【详解】试题分析：考查定语从句.句意：我买了一条和她现在穿的一模一样的褶子.as在此引导限制性定语从句,在定语从句中作wearing的宾语.as引导限制性定语从句时,常构成thesame+n.+as+定语从句,such+n.+as+定语从句«应选A.考点：考查定语从句.【名师点睛】限制性定语从句的先行词往往是某一个词,但非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是一个词,也可以是句子的一局部,甚至是整个主句,此时非限制性定语从句一般由which或as引导,as引导限制性定语从句时,常构成thesame+n.+as+定语从句,such+n.+as+定语从句.IS.Tliedoctorurgedpeoplewhosmoketodiehabit.A.abandonBacknowledgeC.accustomD.achieve【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析.句意：医生敦促吸烟的人放弃这个习惯.A.abandon放弃；B.acknowledge成认〔属实〕：C.accustom使习惯〔于〕,使适应：D.achieve〔凭长期努力〕到达〔某目标、地位、标准〕.根据常识,吸烟有害健康,这个习惯是应该被放弃的.应选A..Lovewastotallyduringhischildliood.sohebecameveryrude.A.presenceB.absenceC.advanceD.allowance【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析.句意：爱在他的童年时期是完全消失的,因此他变的很粗鲁.A.presence在场,出席：B.absence缺席,不在,不存在：C.advance行进；进步：D.allowance津贴,补贴.由他变的粗鲁可知,他童年时期缺乏爱.应选B..Thestylecanbetopersonaltaste.A.adoptedB.adjustedC.avoidedD.reported【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析.句意：风格可根据个人口味调行.A.adopted收养,领养：B.adjusted调整,调.：C.avoided预防,预防：D.reported汇报,报告.根据句意,风格是根据个人口味调节的,应选B,

lS.Tliechairmanwillatthemeeting.A.advocateB.affordC.addressD.advance【答案】c【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析.句意：主席将在会上发表演讲.A.advocate拥护,支持,提倡：B.afiford买得起,〔有时间〕做：C.address演讲,向说话;D.advance促进,推动.advocate与affbrd做动词时,一般都需要直接加宾语.advance做动词时,一般需要与介词连用.address做动词时,可以直接加宾语也可以不加.且根据语境,主席在会上将会发表演讲.应选C.19.Danafeelinghurtbywhattheofficerhadsaid.A.adnuttedBagreedC.acquiredD.accommodated【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析.句意：Dana成认被长官所说的话伤到了.A.admitted成认：B.agreed同意；C.acquired〔通过努力、水平、行为表现〕获得：D.accommodated〔某人〕提供住宿.根据句意,Dana成认自己受伤了,应选A,20.111thiscountry,childrenunder12mustbebyanadultmpubliclibraries.A.accompaniedBabsorbedC.achievedD.accused【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析.句意：在这个国家,12岁以下的孩子在公共图书馆必须有成人陪伴.A.accompanied陪同,陪伴:B.absorbed理解,掌握；C.achieved〔凭长期努力〕到达〔某目标、地位、标准〕：D.accused控告,控诉.根据常识与句意,在公共图书馆12岁以下的小孩必须有成人陪伴,应选A.Ifyoulookedattheaccidentfromanother,youwouldseehowfiuuiyitis.A.ankleBangelC.albumD.angle【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查名词辨析.句意：如果你从另一个角度看这个事故,就会发现它多么有趣,A.ankle踝关节:Bangel天使：C.album相册,影集：Dangle斜角,角度.根据句意,这里强调看事情的角度.应选D..Hetoldusalotofftninystorieswhichusall.Wealllaughedhappily.A.alA.alteredBamazedC.allowedD.amused【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析.句意：他告诉我们一些很有趣的把我们都逗笑了的故事.我们都开心地笑了.Aaltered〔使〕改变,更改；B.amazed便惊奇,使惊愕；C.allowed允许；D.amused逗笑,逗乐.由第二个陈述句“我们都笑了“可知,这些故事把我们逗笑了.应选D..1amwithdieboyforbeingsostupid.A.annoyedB.announcedC.analyzedD.accessed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析.句意:这个小男孩这么愚蠢,我非常恼火.A.annoyed恼怒,生气：B.announced宣布,宣告：C.analyzed〔分析〕研究：D.accessed进入,使用.根据句意,这里强调我是生气的,应选A.ftheyoffera〔n〕decisionforyoutochoose,wliichonedoyouprefer?A.absoluteB.accurateC.actualD.alternative【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查形容词辨析.句意：如果他们给你提供了一个备选决定让你选择,你会选哪一个？A.absolute完全的,全部的：Baccurate正确无误的,精确的：C.actual真实的,实际的；D.akemaHve可供替代的.由“foryoutochoose〔让你选择〕〞可知,本句句意是给你提供了可供替代的选项,应选D.SectionBReadingComprehensionSectionADiiections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.5*1%Haveyoueverfelttrappedinajobyouhate925youarereadytomovefbnvardandfindamorefillfillingposition,careertransition〔过渡：变迁〕specialistGreggTaylorhasafew26tohelpdealwiththeemotionalsideof27yourjob.Whenwritingyourresignationletterkeepitshortandtothepomt.Expressyourgratitudefortheprocessandstateyourresignationdate.kfcYbudon'tneedtotellthemmuch/'saysTaylor."'Keepthuigassimpleaspossible,andasquietaspossible/'Keepthedetailstoyourself.Itwilllessenanytensionfromthetuneyou21inyourresignationletterimtilthedayyouleave.29.besuretocompleteanyreportyouareworkmgon.Tliisisjustgooddeedsandcommonsenseforeverybody,finallyifyouplanonaskingforareference.Useupanyremainingvacationtimeandsickdays.25.A.IfB.BecauseC.UntilD.Although26.A.plansB.warningsC.tipsD.comments27.A.findingB.improvingC.fiiiisliiiigD.leading28.A.fillB.endC.takeD.hand29.A.IndeedB.ThereforeC.AlsoD.However【答案】25.A26.C27.D28.D29.C【解析】这一篇说明文.文章就职业过渡期如何处理离职问题提出了一些建议.【25题详解】考查状语从句的连词.句意：如果你准备向前进一步,找一个更加满意的职位,职业过渡期专家GreggTaylor有几点建议来帮助你处理可能会与离职有关的情绪问题.A.If如果：BBecause由于：C.Until直到：D.Although尽管.根据句意,假设你处于准备换工作的状态下,这是一个条件状语从句,应选A.【26题详解】考查名词辨析.句意同上.A.plans〞•划；B.warnings警告,警示：C.tips实用的提示,指点：D.comments议论,评论o根据I'文"When\vntmgyourresignationletterkeepitshortandtothepoint.〔写辞职信的时候保持简短并且切中要点〕〞及“Keepthedetailstoyourself.〔自己把这些细.保密.〕〞等,可知,下文是针对如何离职提出的几点建议,应选C.【27题详解】考查动词辨析.句意同上.A.finding找:B.improving改良,改善：C.finishing完成：D.leaving离开.根据下文的“resignationletter〔离职信〕"、"yourresignationdate〔你的离职日期〕〞等词汇可知,本文是针对离开一份工作可能带来的情绪问题提出的建议.应选D.【28题详解】考查动词短语.句意：它会减轻你从上交你的离职信到你离开这段时间内的紧张情绪.AJHlin填塞,填平：Bendin以结尾：C.takein收留,收容：D.handin递交〔辞呈〕,上交.由空格后的宾语“yourresignationletter〔你的离职信〕〞与句意可知,句子强调从上交你的离职信到你离开这段时间.应选D.【29题详解】考查副词.句意：并且,确定完成你手中正在进行的所有报告.A.Indeed强调肯定的陈述或答复：B.Therefore因此：C.Also而且,此外：D.However然而.空格后提出的是一个新的建议,与前两句的建议〔自己把这些细在保密.〕没有因果、转折与增强语气的关系,只是并列的两条建议.应选C.SectionBDiiections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.13*2%AWillitmatterifyoudon'ttakeyourbreakfast?RecentlyatestwasgivenintlieUnitedStates.Thosetestedincludedpeopleofdifferentages,from12to83.Duringtheexperiment,thesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfast,andsometimestheygotnobreakfastatall.Specialtestsweresetuptoseehowwelltlieirbodiesworkedwhentheyhadeatenacertainkindofbreakfast.Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsaproperbreakfast,heorshewillworkwithbettereffortthanifheorshehasnobreakfast.Thisfactappearstobeespeciallytnieifapersonworkswithhisbrains.Ifastudenteatsfruit,eggs,breadandimlkbeforegomgtoschool,hewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenwithmoreattentioninclass.Contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve,peoplebecomesohungryatnoonthattlieyeattoomuchforlunch,andendupgainingweightinsteadoflosing.Youwillprobablylosemoreweiglitifyoureduceothermeals.Thetitleofthepassageshouldbe.theimportanceofbreakfasttheresultofatestbreakfastwillmakeyoucleverbreakfastismoreimportantthanothermealsDurmgthetest,tliosewhoweretestedweregiven.A.nobreakfastatallB.veryrichbreakfastC.littlefoodforbreakfastD.differentfoodsornone.Thepassagementionsthatmanypeoplebelievethatifyoudon'teatbreakfast,youwill.A.loseweightB.notloseweiglitC.behealthierD.gainalotofweight【答案】30.A31.D32.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文.文中通过一个实验向大家说明了吃早餐的重要性.【30题详解】主旨大意题.这是一篇说明文,文章第一句就提出了本文要解决的问题“Willitmatterifyoudon'ttakeyoiwbreakfast?〔你不吃早饭有关系吗?〕〞,并且由实验结果“Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsaproperbreak自st,heorshewillworkwithbettereffortthanifheorshehasnobreakfast.〔结果显示如果吃了适宜的早餐,他或她就会比不吃,J餐的人I'.作的更努力〕"以及"Youwillprobablylosemoreweightifyoureduceothermeals.〔减少其它饭量你可能会减肥.〕“可知,吃早餐时很重要的.结合段首提出的问题以及文中给出的结果可知,本文强调吃饭的重要性.应选A.【31题详解】细方理解题0ill文中的“Dunngtheexperiment,thesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfast.andsometimestlieygotnobreakfastatall.〔在实验中,这些人被给与不同种类的早餐,有时候不给早餐〕〞可知,参加实验的人员吃不同的早餐或者不吃早餐°应选D.【32题详解】推理判断题.由文中的“Contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve,peoplebecomesohungryatnoontliattheyeattoomuchforlunch,andendupgainmgweightinsteadoflosing.〔与很多人以为的不同,在中午的时候人们会变的非常饿,以至于午饭吃了太多,结果会变的更重而不是会起到减肥的效果〕〞可知,人们以为的是与这一结果相反的情况,人们以为不吃早饭就能减肥.应选A.【点睹】主旨大意题是篇章阅读一个主要的考查方式,标题题〔besttitle〕是其一个典型的考点,也是高考阅读中每年的必考题.主旨大意题解题技巧是不要被文章细节所干扰.一般有两种方式解题：一是看首尾段,根据首尾段内容总结主题思想：二是看每段段首句,根据所有段首句总结主题思想.例如本文中的第一题,这是一篇说明文,文章一开始就用一个问句〔Willitmatterifyoudon,ttakeyourbreakfast?你不吃早饭有关系吗？〕引出了本文谈论的话题：吃早饭有没有关系？在实验结果与段落最后的解释中都处处表达了吃早饭的重要性.结合这问题与答案,可知本文强调吃早饭的重要性.应选A.BEveryoneneedsfriends.Weallliketofeelclosetosomeone.Itisnicetohaveafriendtotalk,laughanddosomanythingstogetherwith.Surely,therearetimeswhenweneedtobealone.Wedon'talwayswantpeoplearound.Butwewouldfeellonelyifweneverhadafriend.Notwopeoplearethesame.Sometimesfriendsdon'tgetalongwell.Thatdoesn'tmeanthattlieynolongerlikeeachother.Mostofthetunetheywillgoonbemgfriends.Sometimesfriendsmoveaway.Tlieiitheyfeelverysad.Wemissthemverymuch.Butwecancallthemandwritetothem.Maybewewouldneverseethemagain.

Andwecanmakenewfriends.Itissurprisingtofindouthowmuchwelikenewpeoplewhenwegettoknowthem.Familiessometmiesnametheirchildrenafteraclosefriend.Manyplacesarenamedaftermenandwomen,iftheyarefriendlytopeopleintown.Somelibrariesarenamedthisway.Soaresomeschools.Wethinkofthesepeoplewhenwegototheseplaces.There'smoregoodnewsforpeople,iftheyhavefriends.Thesepeoplelivelongerthantliosewhodon*thavefriends.Why?Itcouldbetliattheyarehappier.Beinghappyhelpsyoustaywell.Oritcouldbejustknowingthatsomeonecaresaboutyou.Ifsomeonecaresaboutyou.youtakebettercareofyourself.Whichofthefollowingiswhatthewriterdoesntsayinthepassage?A.Peoplearehappywhentheirfriendsleavetliein.BMaybepeoplewillneverseetheirfriendsaftertlieirfriendsmoveaway.C.Peoplecanknowtheirfriendsindifierentways.D.Peopleliketheirfriendsverymuchiftheygettoknowthem.Whichofthefollowingisdiemostprobableplacepeoplenameafterfriendlypeople?B.Aroom.DB.Aroom.D.AlibraryB.tliatpeopleneedfriendsD.howtonameaplaceC.A\illageThispassagetellsus.A.thatpeopleareallfriendsC.howtogettoknowfriends【答案】33.A34.D35.B【解析】这是一篇说明文.这篇文章主要描述了我们的朋友问题,告诉我们朋友在我们的生活中必不可少.【33题详解】细1,理解题a文章第二段中的"Sometimesfriendsmoveaway...Maybewewouldneverseetliemagain.〔有时朋友离开了可能我们不会再见到他们〕‘‘与选项B相符合.由第二段中的“Butwecancallthemandwritetothem.〔我们可以给他们打或给他们写信〕“可知,人们可以用不同的方式了解朋友,与选项C相符合.第二段中的'Itissurprisingtofindouthowmuchwelikenewpeoplewhenwegettoknowthem.〔令人惊讶的是你越了解这些新朋友就会越喜欢他们〕〞与选项D内容相符.只有选项A的内容文中没有提到,文中与之相关的内容是'Sometimesfiieiidsmoveaway.Thentheyfeelverysad.Wemissthemverymuch.〔有时候朋友法;开了,他们会伤心,我们会很想念他们〕“,并没有提到当朋友离开时人们会开心.应选A.【34题详解】细理解题°由文章第三段中的“Manyplacesarenamedaftermenandwomen,iftheyarefriendlytopeopleintown.Somelibrariesarenamedthisway.Soaresomeschools.〔很多地方以对他们很友好的男人或女人的名字命名.一些图书馆是这样命名的.一些学校也是这样命名的.〕“可知,以友人的名字命名最多的地方可能是图书馆和学校.应选D.【35题详解】主旨大意题.这是一篇说明文.文章第一段就点明中央“Everyoneneedsgends.〔每个人都需要朋友.〕“,文章最后一段中“There'smoregoodnewsforpeople,iftheyha<efiiends.〔如果人们有朋友,还有更多的好处〕进一步强调了有朋友的好处,所以本文主要告诉我们人们需要朋友.应选CIcametostudyintheUnitedStatesayearagoYetIdidnotknowtherealAmericansocietyuntilIwasinjuredinacaraccidentbecauseaftertheaccidentIhadtoseeadoctorandgotocourt.Aftertheaccident.myroommatecalledadoctorforme.Iwasverygratefillanddetenmnedtorepayliinioneday.Butdienextday,heaskedmetopayliim$200forwhathehaddone.Iwasastonished.Hehadgoodreasontochargeme,hesaid.AndifIwantedtocollectmoneyfromthepersonwhowasresponsibleformyuUury,Idhavetohaveagoodlawyer.Andonlyagooddoctorcanhelpmegetagoodlawyer.Nowthathehadhelpedmefindagooddoctor,itwasonlyfairthatIshouldpayhun.ButeverydayIwenttoseethedoctor.Ihadtowaitabout50niniutes.Hewouldseetwoortlireepatientsatthesametime,andoftenstoptreatingonesoastoseeanother.Yethechargedme$115eachtimeThefilialexaminationreportconsistedoftenlines,anditcostme$215.Mylawyerwasallsmilesthefirsttmiewemet.Butafterthatheavoidedseeingmeatall.Heknewverywelltheotherpartywasresponsiblefordieaccident,yethehardlydidanything.Hesimplywaitedtocollecthismoney.HewassoirresponsiblethatIdecidedtodismisshim.AndhemademepayhimS770.NowIhadtoactasmyo\vnlawyer.Duetomyinexperience,ItoldtheinsurancecompanythedateIwasleavingAmerica.Knowingthat,theyplayedfortime...andIleftwithoutgettingacent.Theauthor'sroommateofferedtohelpImnbecause.hefeltsorryfortheauthorhethoughtitwasachancetomakesomemoneyheknewthedoctorwasaverygoodonehewantedtheauthortohaveagoodlawyerTheword^charge'indietliirdparagraphmeans.A.beresponsibleB.accuseC.askasapriceD.claimBothdiedoctorandthelawyer