上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【十一选十】

1(1)虹口A.adaptB.nativesC.identitiesD.cost-savingE.alertF.insteadG.establishedH.practicallyI.routeJ.enrolledK.significantOfficialsatBostonCollegehavemadewhatmaybeacriticaldecision:they'vestoppedgivingoutnewemailaccountstoincomingstudents.Theofficialsrealizedthatthestudentshadalreadyestablisheddigital41bythetimetheyenteredcollege,sothenewemailaddresseswerejustnotbeingused,but,42,thecollegewillofferforwarding(转发)services.Startingnextyear,freshman43atBostonCollegewon'tbegivenanactualemailaccountcompletewithloginandinbox,justanemailaddress.Thisaddress,intheformatofwillsimplyforwardmailtothestudent'salready44inbox,beitGmail,WindowsLiveMail,YahooMail,AOL,orwhateverelsetheymaybeusing.Thecollegereachedasmartdecisionafterfirstlookingintooutsourcing(外包)theiremailtothecloud.WhiletheBostonCollegedecisionmayhavebeenmadefor45reasonsmorethananything,wecaneasilyimaginethisasbeingthestartofanewtrend.CanyouevenimagineaU.S.collegestudentwhodidn'thaveanemailaddressoftheirownbythetimetheywereafreshman?It's46unheardof.Today'sstudentsaredigital47immersed(浸润)intechnologyfromthedaytheywereborn.Itsimplydoesn'tmakesensetogivethemyetanotheraccounttomanagewhentheyentercollege.Bygoingthis48,therearestillsomechallengestoovercome,though.Forexample,astudentwhochangestheiremailcarrierwillprobablyforgetto49theinstitutiontothechangeandcouldthenmissouton50messagesfromtheuniversitywithregardtotheircourses,scholarship,safetyinformation,etc.Intheend,wethinkthedecisionBostonCollegemadecouldeasilybethestartofanewtrend.We'resurethestudentslikeit,too.(2)黄浦A.applicationsB.devotedC.easy-goingD.efficientlyE.increasinglyF.interactG.freshH.publicizeI.respectJ.traditionalK.wildfireWhenUS'DukeUniversitysecond-yearstudentChristianDrappiseessomeoneusingaSquare(anelectronicpaymentservice)creditcardreader,hepullsouthisphone,takesapictureanduploadsittoTwitter.“Itkindofspreadslike__41__throughTwitter,”saidDrappi,whoisacampusbrandrepresentativeforSquare.Companiesare__42__usingcollegecampusbrandrepresentativestospreadthewordabouttheirproducts.Theserepresentativesoftenrelyonword-of-mouthtoolslikesocialmediato__43__thecompanyandanypromotionaleventstheyhost.Thoughthebrandrepresentativeisnostrangertothecollegemarketingscene,socialmediaarechanginghowtheserepresentatives__44__withstudentsoftheirsameageandhoweffectivelytheirmessageiscommunicated.CompanieslikeRedBull,MicrosoftandTwitterallhavecampusrepresentatives__45__tospreadinggoodnewsaboutthebrand.“Campusrepresentativesapproachstudentsgroups,localmerchantsandotherprospectiveuserstodemonstratehowthecardreaderworksanditsadvantagesover__46__machines.”AdamBassett,whorunstheSquareUprogramsaid.CordSilverstein,executivevicepresidentofinteractivecommunicationsattheRaleighadvertisingagencyCapstrat,said,“Socialmediahavemadeiteasierthaneverforcollegestudentstoshareopinionsonaproductwiththeirfriends.Someone'sfriend,someonethey__47__,likeastudentoraprofessor,thesepeoplearehavingmuchgreaterinfluenceonwhatcollegestudentsthink,likeanddon'tlike,becausetheytrusttheiropinions.”Whenlookingatrepresentative__48__,McCarthy,whoheadsthecampusrepresentativeprogramforSquare,saidthecompanylooksfor__49__studentswhoaresocial-mediaunderstanding.“Threeorfouryearsago,brandrepresentativesoncampuswerea(n)__50__idea.Nowcompanieshavethemeverywhere.There'sonlysomuchmindsharetocapture.”McCathyemphasized.(3)静杨青宝A.labelsB.averageC.requiresD.countingE.situationF.droppedG.professionalH.packagedI.exerciseJ.processingK.standardsAmericansknowthebenefitsofhavingahealthydiet.Inschool,childrenlearntoeatavarietyofhealthyfoods.Peoplegrowupawareofthevalueof__41__calories.Theyhearaboutthehealthdangersofchemicalsaddedto__42__food.Theyrealizetheyshouldn'teattoomanysweetsorfats.ManyAmericanconsumersread__43__carefullyfornutritioninformation.Thatwaytheycancompareproductsandeatthebestfoods.Keepingfit—ormaybegettinginshape—isoftenhighonthelistofNewYear'sresolutionsforAmericans.Inthepasttwodecades,fitnesshasbecomeafashion.ManyAmericanshavejoinedhealthclubstoworkoutwith__44__equipment.Sportsstoressellsportsshoesandclothingforeverypossibleexercise__45__.Peoplecanevenbuyweightsandequipmentandsetuptheirownexercisecenterathome!Statisticsgivehealthexpertsgoodreasontobedisappointed.Americansexerciselessthantheyusedto.Thenumberofpeopletakingpartinfitnessactivities__46__from41.7millionin1991toonly32millionin1993.Amonghighschoolstudents,only37percent__47__threetimesperweek.However,70percentofteenagerswatchatleastanhourofTVeveryday,and38percentwatchoverthreehours.Asaresult,the__48__Americangainedeightpoundsduringthe1980's.Atleastone-thirdofAmericansweigh20percentmorethantheiridealweight.Still,bymany__49__,Americansenjoygoodhealth.MedicalcareintheUnitedStates,whileexpensive,isamongthebestintheworld.TheU.S.Government__50__strictfoodinspectionstoensurethatfoodisofthehighestquality.Foodproducersmustlabelproductsaccurately.Manyresources,suchasmagazines,TVprogramsandeventheInternet,allowpeopletofindouthowtoimprovetheirhealth.Americansknowhowtomakethemselvesmorehealthy.Theyjustneedtodoit.(4)浦东A.rejectedB.eventuallyC.variousD.readyE.commercializeF.prospectG.deliveredH.employedI.samplesJ.transplantsK.inevitablySinceitsappearancein2007,researchersatSanDiego-basedOrganovohaveexperimentedwithprintingawidevarietyoftissues,includingbitsoflung,kidneyandheartmuscle.Nowtheworld'sfirstpubliclytraded3Dbio-printingcompanyisgetting41forproduction.InJanuaryslicesofhumanlivertissuewere42toanoutsidelaboratoryfortesting.These43takeabout30minutestoproduce,saysKeithMurphy,thefirm'schiefexecutiveLaterthisyearOrganovoaimstobegincommercialsales.Theinventionof3Dprintingprovidedatechnologynow44tomanufactureeverythingfromaircraftpartstobodyparts.Butthe45of3Dbio-printingisevenbrighter:tocreatehumantissuesforresearch,drugdevelopmentandtesting,and46asreplacementorgans,suchasakidney,forpatientsdesperatelyinneedof47.Bio-printedorganscouldbemadefrompatients'owncellsandthuswouldnotbe48bytheirimmunesystems.Theycouldalsobemanufacturedondemand.Atpresentonlyafewofcompaniesaretryingto49theproductionofbio-printedtissues.But

ThomasBoland,anearlypioneerinthefield,saysthatplentyofothersareinterested.Healsoestimatesthatabout80teamsatresearchinstitutionsaroundtheworldarenowtryingtoprint50smallpiecesoftissuessuchasskin,bloodvessels,liver,lungandheart.“It'sawonderfultechnologytobuildthree-dimensionalbiologicalstructures,"saysGaborForgacs,whoco-foundedOrganovoin2007.⑸普陀A.achievedB.authorityA.achievedB.authorityC.availableD.codeE.dominatedF.educationalG.opinionsH.mattersI.relatedJ.representativesK.symbolizationisimportantthatstudents'feelings,opinionsandsuggestionsarelistenedto,takenintoaccount,andthattherightactionistaken.Thereareanumberofwaysthatthiscanbe__41__,i.e.schoolcouncils,yearcouncilsandpeermentoring.SchoolcouncilsMostschoolshaveaschoolcouncilwhichexiststolettheteachersandheadteacherknowwhatstudents__42__areonarangeofschoolissues.Theschoolcouncilusuallyconsistsoftwoorthreeelected__43__fromeachyeargroup.Aschoolcouncilmightmeetonceortwiceamonthtodiscussissuessuchasthedress__44__,theuseofsocialareas,charityfundraisingandbullying.YearcouncilsBecauseschoolcouncilsaresometimes__45_byolderstudents,someschoolshaveintroducedyearcouncils.Theaimofayearcouncilistogivestudentstheopportunitytoexpressopinionson__46_ofimportancetothatparticularyeargroup.Thefollowingisanexampleoftherulesrelatingtoaschool7scouncilforyear8(pupilsaged12-13).Theheadofyearwillattendallcouncilmeetingsasanobserverandboththeyandtheotheryearstaffwillbe__47_asrequiredtooffersupportandadvicetocouncilmembersandtoassistinthesettlementofarguments.PeermentoringThereareotherwaysinwhichstudents'voicescanbeheard.Oneofthemostpopularschemesinvolvespeermentoring.Thosewhoexpressaninterestreceivetrainingtobecomementors(导师)sothattheyarebetterequippedtohelpothers.Thisstartsfromprimaryschoolage,whenthementorsmaygetinvolvedinissues__48__toconflictresolution.Atsecondaryschoolandatuniversity,mentorsarelikelytodealwithalargervarietyofissues,suchas__49__andhealth-relatedmatters.Thebeliefinschemesliketheseisthatbeingheardbyyourpeerscanbemoreeffectiveandhelpfulasfellowstudentsmayhavemoretimeandunderstandingthanteachersorothersin__50__.A.reassuresB.wellC.distinguishD.encounterE.objectsF.inoffensiveG.revealsH.afterwardsI.implicationJ.genuineK.unpleasant(6)徐汇松江金山TellingTales“Here'sanicebitofgossip!"DoIhaveyourattention?Probably.Welisten,but41weoftenfeelterriblewithourselves.That'stheproblemwithgossip:it'ssomethingthatasasocialspeciesweareprimedtoenjoy,butit

canalsobe42andharmful.Notallgossipisbad.Smalltalkestablishesrelationshipsand43theotherpersonthatourintentionsarefriendly.Sogossip,inthesenseofexchangingbitsandpiecesofnewsaboutourselvesandothers,canbeperfectly44.IfIsaytoyou,“Let'smeetforcoffeeandhaveabitofagossip,”I'minvitingyoutoasocial45inwhichtwopeoplechewthefat.Thereisnothingwrongwiththat:lifewouldbeverydullifwewereunabletotalkaboutwhatgoesonaroundus.Butit'snotthatsimple.Ifwesaythatsomebodyisagossip,wedonotmeanthatheorsheenjoysgentlesocialchat:itcarriesacrueler46.Atruegossipenjoysspreadingstoriesaboutotherpeople---storiesinwhichothersdonotusuallycomeout47.Thegossipisonewhospreadsbadgossip;goodgossipisstillfine,butit'snotwhatgossipsspread.Thedistinctionbetweengoodandbadgossipisnotalwaysclear.Itwouldbeeasyifwecould48thetwobysayingthatbadgossipisjustaboutpeople;butinnocentgossipmaybeaboutpeopletoo.Thebestwaytotellthedifferenceistolookattheintentionbehindtheremarks.Badgossip49itselfinitsdesiretomakethe50ofthestorylookfoolish.Italsointrudesontheirprivacy.Soweallknowthedifference.Nowthen,didyouhearabout...7）闸北A.croppedB.homeC.desirableD.issueE.illegalF.sceneG.presentedH.worseningI.urbanJ.endureK.disturbedIfthissummeryoupayavisittoMilan,thefashioncenterofItaly,makesureyou'renotcaughteatingicecreaminthestreetsaftermidnightasdoingsoisnow___41___.AnewlawwaspassedbyMilan'scitycouncilbanningthesaleoftake-awayfoodanddrinksaftermidnightinsomedistrictswhicharefamousfortheirnightlife___42___.Thepurposeofthisunusualmoveis,accordingtothecitycouncil,todiscouragenightgatheringindowntownareas.Thelawinevitablyhasgivenrisetoanumberofprotests,accusingthatthegovernmenthas___43___people'snormallives.However,ifyoutakeintoconsiderationthecountry's___44___economyanditshighunemploymentrate,thelocalgovernment'sfearof‘nightassembling'maybereasonable.Infact,Milan'slawisonlythestrangestofahostofrestrictionsonnightlifethathave___45___upinEuropeancitiesrecently.Madrid'scitycenterwasdeclareda‘low-noisezone'lastSeptemberandthecitycouncilhasbeenrefusingto___46___barandclublicenseseversince.WhydoEuropeancitiesdealsostrictlywithnightlife?ItmaybebecauseEurope'spopulationisgettingolderandcannolonger___47___latenightactivitieswithintheneighborhood.Inthepast,barsandclubsbloomedinEuropeancitycenters,whichwere___48___toworkingclasspopulations.Butgradually,thesepeoplebegantomoveoutofthecitycentersandintothesuburbs.Onlythewealthyandtheupper-classpeoplecanaffordtolivein___49___centersnow.Butthesepeopledon'tgotobarsandclubstosocialize.Instead,theyconsiderfun-seekerswhowanderintheirneighborhoodsannoying.Theyalsoworrythatbarsandclubswillmaketheirneighborhoodsless___50___anddevaluetheirhousingproperty.8）长宁嘉定A.countlessD.essentialF.distinctiveA.countlessD.essentialF.distinctiveB.exhaustedC.comparisonE.estimatesG.relativelyH.clearedI.unfortunatelyJ.recycledK.restrictsRainforests,foundinEarth'stemperateandtropical（热带的）zones,aresomeofthemostbiologicallyvariedecosystemsontheplanet.Allrainforestssharecertain___41___features,includingaclosedcanopy,thedensevegetationofthetopbranchesthatformsaroofabovetheforestfloor,adampandwarmclimate,and___42___constanttemperaturesthroughouttheyear.Mostoftheforest'sinsectandanimallifegrowswellinthecanopy'sleafyandsunlitenvironment.Theforest'sgroundcover,bycomparison,issmall.Lessthan2percentofthesun'slightmakesitswaythroughthecanopyandthedarknessbelow.Thisdarkness,alongwiththepoorqualityofthesoils,___43___plantgrowth.Rainforestsarea（n）___44___partofEarth'stotalecology.Hugeamountsofwaterareabsorbedintotreerootsand___45___intotheatmospherefromthetreeleavesthroughaprocesscalledtranspiration（蒸发）.Treerootsalsofixthesoilinplaceandslowtherunoffofrainsintoriversandoceans.Throughtheprocessofphotosynthesis（光合作用）,rainforestsabsorbmorecarbondioxideandgiveoffmoreoxygenthananyotherecosystem.Therainforestsare___46___shrinkingatarapidrateasaresultoftheprofitableventuresoffarming,logging,andmining.Whentropicalrainforestsare___47___inordertoraisecattleandcrops,thenutrient-poorsoilsarequickly___48___.Whenfarmersmoveontonewareas,heavyrainsandbakingsunleavethelandfruitlessandlifeless.Loggingandminingcausesimilardamagetothelandanddestroytheterritoryof___49___millionsofbirds,insectsandanimals.Bysome___50___,anareaoftropicalrainforestthesizeofthestateofDelawaredisappearsinthiswayeverymonth.（9）崇明A.comprehensiveB.spreadC.impactD.incredibleE.observedF.comparedG.successH.firmlyI.combinationJ.heavilyK.motivateAnewreportbytheWorldHealthOrganization（WHO）revealsthataroundoneinahundreddeathsworldwideisduetopassivesmoking,whichkillsanestimated600,000peopleayear.Inthefirststudytoassesstheglobal__41__ofsecond-handsmoke,WHOexpertsfindthatchildrenaremore__42__exposedtosecond-handsmokethananyotherage-group,andaround165,000ofthemayeardiebecauseofit.Children'sexposuretosecond-handsmokeismostlikelytohappenathome,andthedoubleblowofinfectiousdiseasesandtobaccoseemstobeadeadly__43__forchildrenintheseregions.Commentingonthefindings,HeatherWipfliandJonathanSametfromtheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia,saidpolicymakerstryto__44__familiestostopsmokinginthehome.Whiledeathsduetopassivesmokinginchildrenwereskewed（曲解）towardpoorandmiddle-incomecountries,deathsinadultswere__45__acrosscountriesatallincomelevels.InEurope'shigh-incomecountries,only71childdeathsoccurred,while35,388deathswereinadults.YetinthecountrieslikeAfrica,anestimated43,375deathsduetopassivesmokingwereinchildren__46__with9,514inadults.Only7.4percentoftheworldpopulationcurrentlylivesinplaceswith__47__smoke-freelaws,andthoselawsarenotalways__48__enforced（施行）.Inplaceswheresmoke-freerulesare__49__,researchshowsthatexposuretosecond-handsmokeinhigh-riskplaceslikebarsandrestaurantscanbecutby90percent,andingeneralby60percent,theresearcherssaid.Studiesalsoshowsuchlawshelptoreducethenumberofcigarettessmokedbysmokersandleadtohigher__50__ratesinthosetryingtoquit.(10)奉贤A.regularB.eventuallyC.inspiredD.valueE.substituteF.whollyG.botherH.estimatesI.involveJ.resistantK.replacingWhichcamefirst,thechickenortheegg?Thisquestionhasremainedunsolvedforhundredsofyears,yetsoonitmightnotbeaproblemanymore—theeggofthefuturemaynot41achickenatall.Butifnotfromachicken,wherewilltheeggcomefrom?Apparently,aplantisoneofthepossibilities,asHamptonCreek,afoodtechnologycompanyinSanFrancisco,US,hasfound.Theycreateda42foreggs,calledBeyondEggs,usingamixtureof11plants,includingsunflowersandavarietyofbeans.Unliketheimageyoumightnowhaveinyourmind,BeyondEggslooknothinglike43eggs.Theyaresoldasgraypowderthatyoumixwithwaterbeforecooking.Butthefinalproducttastesjustliketherealthing.Butthequestionis,why44with“planteggs"?What'stheproblemwithordinaryeggs?Thetruthisthat99percentofoureggscomefromindustrialwarehouses（养鸡场仓库）wherechickensarecrowdedintocagestoosmallforthemtoevenspreadtheirwings.Thiscrueltyiswhat45HamptonCreektocarryouttheBeyondEggsprojectinthefirstplace.Inaddition,thecageswherechickensarekeptsoclosetogetherareahotbedforviruses.Tohelpthechickensstayhealthy,farmersfeedthemantibiotics（抗生素），whichmaycausedangerousbacteriatogrow46tothedrugsand47spreadtohumansthrougheggsandmeat.Infact,48theeggisnotanewidea,butBeyondEggsseemstobethemostsuccessfulattemptsofar.Besidestheirgreattasteandeco-friendliness,BeyondEggsprovidethesamenutritional49asrealeggs,andthey'reevenhealthiersincetheydon'tcontaincholesterol（胆固醇）.Thecompanyalso50thatthecostoftheirproductsisaround19percentlessthanrealeggs,whichmakesthemmoreaffordable.（11）闵行A.challengedB.functionsC.solvedD.deservesE.mirrorsF.practicalG.furtherH.urgeI.presenceJ.opposingK.survival“Inwildernessisthepreservationoftheworld.”Thisisafamoussayingfromawriterregardedasoneofthefathersofenvironmentalism.Thefrequencywithwhichitisborrowed41aheateddebateonenvironmentalprotection:whethertoplacewildernessattheh