高考英语阅读理解之推理判断题课件

高考英语阅读理解专项攻略推理判断题高考英语阅读理解专项攻略推理判断题1考纲解读推理判断题通常要求考生不仅要理解原文的文字信息，而且还要进行一定的判断和推理，并以此推断出文章的隐含意义。推理判断题属于主观性很强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措辞、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。此时应特别注意：当问及作者的看法、意图与态度时，不要误认为是在问“你”的想法。考纲解读推理判断题通常要求考生不仅要理解原文的文字信息，而且21.

推断隐含意义

2.推断作者观点或态度

3.推断写作目的

4.推断文章出处

5.推断上下文内容

阅读推理判断题推理判断题分类1.推断隐含意义2.推断作者观点或态度3.推断写作目的3一、考查隐含意义的推断

隐含意义的推断要求考生根据文章内容，推断具体的细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。考生要把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，然后作出判断。题干中常出现等词。infer（推断），indicate（象征，暗示），Imply(暗示)suggest（暗示）conclude(作出结论)assume（假定，设想）一、考查隐含意义的推断隐含意义的推断要求考生根据文章内41.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.2.Theauthorstronglysuggeststhat________3.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.4.Thewriterimpliesbutnotdirectlystatesthat________5.Thewriter/authorindicates/implies/suggeststhat_____6.Thewritertalkedabout...becausehethought________主要设题方式有：1.Itcanbeinferredfromthe5【典型考例】(2018全国Ⅰ·B)...InSave

Money:Good

Food,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGood

Morning

Britainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11....HowdoesMattTebbutt

helpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.【典型考例】(2018全国Ⅰ·B)HowdoesMatt6（2016全国卷ⅢD）

“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon’tcarehowyou’refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon’twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.

”

推测隐含意义Whatcan

we

infer

about

peoplelikeDebbie

Downer?A.

They’re

socially

inactive．B.

They’re

good

at

telling

stories．C.

They’re

inconsiderate

of

others．D.

They’re

careful

with

their

words．（2016全国卷ⅢD）

“Theywantyour7二、考查推断作者观点和态度：positive

negativeapproval/approving

disapproval/disapprovingobjectivesubjectiveoptimistic

pessimisticindifferentreservedneutral

unbiasedcritical

disgusted

doubtful=skeptical

sarcastic/ironichumorousfavourablesupportiveenthusiasticpleasantopposinguninterestednot-mentioned积极的，肯定的消极的，否定的赞成不赞成客观的主观的乐观的悲观的漠不关心的保留意见的中立的无偏见的，公平的批评的厌恶的怀疑的怀疑的幽默的讽刺的赞同的支持的热情的愉快的未提及的不感兴趣的反对的二、考查推断作者观点和态度：positive8观点态度推断题考查考生是否了解文章作者或者文中人物对某事物所持的观点或者态度。这就要求考生在正确理解文章大意的基础上，对观点或者态度倾向进行分析、识别，关注作者对人物心理或者细节的描写，对文章所交代的人或者事情进行评判。1.Theattitudeoftheauthortowardssomethingis_______2.Thewriterofthepassageseemstothinkthat__________3.What'stheauthor'sopinionon...?4.Whepassage?5.Somebodycanbesaid___________.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkabout...?主要设题方式有:观点态度推断题考查考生是否了解文章作者或者文中人物对某事物所9【典型考例】(2017全国Ⅱ)...Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.Whatisthegovernment’s

attitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?A.Cautious

B.Favorable.C.Ambiguous. Disapproving.【典型考例】(2017全国Ⅱ)Whatisthegov10What

did

the

author

think

of

her

winter

life

in

New

York?A.Exciting

B.BoringC.Relaxing

D.Annoying(2015全国卷ⅠB)The

freezing

Northeast

hasn’t

been

a

terribly

fun

place

to

spend

time

this

winter,

so

when

thechance

came

for

a

weekend

to

Sarasota,

Florida,

my

bags

were

packed

before

you

could

say

“sunshine”.

I

left

for

the

land

of

warmth

and

vitamin

C,

thinking

of

beaches

and

orange

trees.

When

we

touched

down

to

blue

skies

and

warm

air,

I

sent

up

a

small

prayer

of

gratefulness.推测观点态度What

did

the

author

think

of

h11三、

考查写作意图推断

写作意图推断要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图和写作手法。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这就要求考生不但要理解文章的主旨大意，而且要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。主要设题方式有：1.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorwritingthetext?2.Thepurposeofthetextistogetmorepeopleto_______3.Thewriterofthestorywantstotellusthat___________4.Thefact...ismentionedbytheauthortoshow________5.Theauthorwritesthelastparagraphinorderto_____三、考查写作意图推断写作意图推断要求考生根据文章的论述，12【典型考例】(2018全国Ⅰ·B)Good

Morning

Britain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSave

Money:Good

Food,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGood

Morning

Britainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.【典型考例】(2018全国Ⅰ·B)13“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,”sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries(系列节目),Save

Money:Good

Food,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSave

Money:Good

Health,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket....“WeloveMexicanchurros,so14Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.【解题思路】推理判断题。作者在第四段中提到“The

eight-part

series(系列节目),Save

Money:Good

Food,follows

in

the

footsteps

of

ITV’s

Save

Money:Good

Health...”,由此可知,作者写这一段是为了提供一些有关节目的背景信息,所以与C项相符。故答案选C。Whatdoestheauthorintendto15

四、

考查文章来源和读者对象推断

推测文章的来源或者读者对象要求读者本身要具备一定的常识，这样文章的内容才能与读者本身具备的常识结合起来。比如读者本身要对报纸、杂志、网络、科普、

小说、广告、说明书、旅游指南等有基本的了解，这样才能根据文章的特点对号人座，选出正确的答案。主要设题方式有：1.Thispassagewouldbemostlikelytobefoundin_____2.Thepassageisprobablytakenoutof__________3.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?4.Whichsectionofamagazineisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?5.Thetextisintendedfor(打算为谁所用)__________.四、考查文章来源和读者对象推断推测文章的来源或者读者16

（全国卷）Doyoualwaysunderstandthedirectionsonabottleofmedicine?Doyouknowwhatismeantby“Takeonlyasdirected?”Readthefollowingdirectionsandseeifyouunderstandthem.Toreducepain,taketwotablets(药片)withwater,followedbyonetableteveryeighthours,asrequired.Fornight-timeandearlymorningrelief(缓解疼痛)taketwotabletsatbedtime.Donottakemorethansixtabletsintwenty-fourhours.Forchildrensixtotwelveyearsold,givehalftheamount.Forchildrenundersixyearsold,askyourdoctor’sadvice.Reducetheamountifyousufferfromrestlessnessorsleeplessnessaftertakingthemedicine.

Thistextismostprobablytakenfroma______.A.textbook

B.

newsreel(新闻短片)C.doctor’snotebook

D.bottleofmedicine

1714.

Morethan30,000driversandfrontseatpassengersarekilledorseriouslyinjured（受伤）eachyear.Ataspeedofonly30milesperhouritisthesameasfallingfromathirdfloorwindow.Wearingaseatbelt（安全带）saveslives;itreducesyourchanceofdeathorseriousinjurybymorethanhalf.Thereforedriversorfrontseatpassengersover14inmostvehiclesmustwearaseatbelt.Ifyoudonot,youcouldbefinedupto$50.Itwillnotbeuptothedriverstomakesureyouwearyourbelt.Butitwillbethedriver'sresponsibility（责任）tomakesurethatchildrenunder14donotrideinthefrontunlesstheyarewearingseatbeltofsomekind.However,youdonothavetowearaseatbeltifyouarereversing（倒退）yourvehicleoryouaremakingalocaldelivery（发送）orcollectionusingaspecialvehicle;orifyouhaveavalidmedicalcertificatewhichexcusesyoufromwearingit.Makesurethesecircumstances（情形）applytoyoubeforeyoudecidenottowearyourseatbelt.Rememberyoumaybetakentocourtfornotdoingso,andyoumaybefinedifyoucannotprovetothecourtthatyouhavebeenexcusedfromwearingit.

Thistextistakenfrom_____.A.amedicalmagazine

B.atrafficpolicereportC.anadvertisement

D.agovernmentinformationbooklet

（小册子）Morethan30,000…arekilledorseriouslyinjuredeachyear.youcouldbefinedupto$50Rememberyoumaybetakentocourt…youmaybefined…apolicereport14.Morethan3018WATCH

CONTROLThis

is

a

watch

that

James

Bond

would

be

proud

to

wear!This

is

NOT

a

watch

for

ordinary

people!▶gives

you

a

daily

weather

forecast.▶reminds

you

when

to

hand

in

your

homework.▶sets

off

a

silent

warning

alarm

when

parents

or

teachers

are

near.Besides,

your

PENGO

WATCH

CONTROL

will

always

tell

you

the

time

accurately!Originallysold

for

$199NOW

ONLY

$99For

further

information,

click

here.推测文章出处Where

would

you

be

most

likely

to

find

the

two

texts?A.

On

a

notice

board.

B.

In

a

company

brochure.C.

On

a

teenage

website.

D.

In

a

college

newspaper.WATCH

CONTROL推测文章出处Where

would19五．推断上下文内容

1．Whichofthefollowingmighthavehappenedafterwards?2．Theparagraph(followingthepassage)willmostprobablybe_________.3．Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat_________.4．Whichofthefollowingconclusionscanwedrawfromthepassage?主要设题方式有：五．推断上下文内容

1．Whichofthefollo20William,Shakespearesaid,“Thewebofourlifeisofamingledyarn(纱线),goodandilltogether.”Theabovebriefreviewoftheapplicationofonlyonepartofhumanactivities—scienceseemstoprovewhatShakespearesaid.Butdoesithavetobeso?Musttheillalwaysgotogetherwiththegood?Arewebiologicallyprogrammedforwar?Whatdoyouthinktheauthorismostlikelytosuggestifhecontinuestowrite?A.Furtherapplicationofsciencetowar.B.MorereadingofWilliamShakespear.C.Properuseofscienceinthenewcentury.D.Effectivewaystoseparatethegoodfromtheill.推断上下文内容William,Shakespearesaid,“Th21Summary:推理判断题的五大技巧：1．抓特定信息，逆向或正向推理。抓住某一段话中的关键信息，如关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。2．整合全文(段)信息进行推断。做推理题时，有时需要在弄懂全文的基础上，整合与题目相关的信息，综合推理判断，确定最佳结论。3．利用语境的褒贬性进行推断。几乎每篇文章的语境都有一定的褒贬性，它反映了主人公的特定心理和情绪状态及作者的写作意图，因此利用好这一点，就能在把握主旨大意的基础上对文章进行准确的逻辑判断。4．根据文章的结论推断作者的态度。作者的思想倾向和感情色彩往往隐含在文章的字里行间，在推断过程中，应特别注意文中作者的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。5．根据上下文的逻辑得出结论。逻辑结论是指严格根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑的结论，而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内涵。Summary:推理判断题的五大技巧：1．抓特定信息，逆向或22高考英语阅读理解专项攻略推理判断题高考英语阅读理解专项攻略推理判断题23考纲解读推理判断题通常要求考生不仅要理解原文的文字信息，而且还要进行一定的判断和推理，并以此推断出文章的隐含意义。推理判断题属于主观性很强的高层次阅读理解题，做这类题目时，要严格依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措辞、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论。此时应特别注意：当问及作者的看法、意图与态度时，不要误认为是在问“你”的想法。考纲解读推理判断题通常要求考生不仅要理解原文的文字信息，而且241.

推断隐含意义

2.推断作者观点或态度

3.推断写作目的

4.推断文章出处

5.推断上下文内容

阅读推理判断题推理判断题分类1.推断隐含意义2.推断作者观点或态度3.推断写作目的25一、考查隐含意义的推断

隐含意义的推断要求考生根据文章内容，推断具体的细节，如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根据短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常识进行推理判断。考生要把握文章的内在关系，理解文章的真正含义，然后作出判断。题干中常出现等词。infer（推断），indicate（象征，暗示），Imply(暗示)suggest（暗示）conclude(作出结论)assume（假定，设想）一、考查隐含意义的推断隐含意义的推断要求考生根据文章内261.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.2.Theauthorstronglysuggeststhat________3.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat________.4.Thewriterimpliesbutnotdirectlystatesthat________5.Thewriter/authorindicates/implies/suggeststhat_____6.Thewritertalkedabout...becausehethought________主要设题方式有：1.Itcanbeinferredfromthe27【典型考例】(2018全国Ⅰ·B)...InSave

Money:Good

Food,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGood

Morning

Britainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11....HowdoesMattTebbutt

helpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.B.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.D.Heinvitesguestfamiliesforher.【典型考例】(2018全国Ⅰ·B)HowdoesMatt28（2016全国卷ⅢD）

“Theywantyoureyeballsanddon’tcarehowyou’refeeling.Butwhenyoushareastorywithyourfriends,youcarealotmorehowtheyreact.Youdon’twantthemtothinkofyouasaDebbieDowner.

”

推测隐含意义Whatcan

we

infer

about

peoplelikeDebbie

Downer?A.

They’re

socially

inactive．B.

They’re

good

at

telling

stories．C.

They’re

inconsiderate

of

others．D.

They’re

careful

with

their

words．（2016全国卷ⅢD）

“Theywantyour29二、考查推断作者观点和态度：positive

negativeapproval/approving

disapproval/disapprovingobjectivesubjectiveoptimistic

pessimisticindifferentreservedneutral

unbiasedcritical

disgusted

doubtful=skeptical

sarcastic/ironichumorousfavourablesupportiveenthusiasticpleasantopposinguninterestednot-mentioned积极的，肯定的消极的，否定的赞成不赞成客观的主观的乐观的悲观的漠不关心的保留意见的中立的无偏见的，公平的批评的厌恶的怀疑的怀疑的幽默的讽刺的赞同的支持的热情的愉快的未提及的不感兴趣的反对的二、考查推断作者观点和态度：positive30观点态度推断题考查考生是否了解文章作者或者文中人物对某事物所持的观点或者态度。这就要求考生在正确理解文章大意的基础上，对观点或者态度倾向进行分析、识别，关注作者对人物心理或者细节的描写，对文章所交代的人或者事情进行评判。1.Theattitudeoftheauthortowardssomethingis_______2.Thewriterofthepassageseemstothinkthat__________3.What'stheauthor'sopinionon...?4.Whepassage?5.Somebodycanbesaid___________.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkabout...?主要设题方式有:观点态度推断题考查考生是否了解文章作者或者文中人物对某事物所31【典型考例】(2017全国Ⅱ)...Inventorshavebeentryingtomakeflyingcarssincethe1930s,accordingtoRobertMann,anairlineindustryexpert.ButMannthinksTerrafugiahascomecloserthananyonetomakingtheflyingcarareality.Thegovernmenthasalreadypermittedthecompanytousespecialmaterialstomakeiteasierforthevehicletofly.TheTransitionisnowgoingthroughcrashteststomakesureitmeetsfederalsafetystandards.Whatisthegovernment’s

attitudetothedevelopmentoftheflyingcar?A.Cautious

B.Favorable.C.Ambiguous. Disapproving.【典型考例】(2017全国Ⅱ)Whatisthegov32What

did

the

author

think

of

her

winter

life

in

New

York?A.Exciting

B.BoringC.Relaxing

D.Annoying(2015全国卷ⅠB)The

freezing

Northeast

hasn’t

been

a

terribly

fun

place

to

spend

time

this

winter,

so

when

thechance

came

for

a

weekend

to

Sarasota,

Florida,

my

bags

were

packed

before

you

could

say

“sunshine”.

I

left

for

the

land

of

warmth

and

vitamin

C,

thinking

of

beaches

and

orange

trees.

When

we

touched

down

to

blue

skies

and

warm

air,

I

sent

up

a

small

prayer

of

gratefulness.推测观点态度What

did

the

author

think

of

h33三、

考查写作意图推断

写作意图推断要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图和写作手法。作者一般不直接陈述自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这就要求考生不但要理解文章的主旨大意，而且要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行归纳总结和分析的能力。主要设题方式有：1.Whatisthemainpurposeoftheauthorwritingthetext?2.Thepurposeofthetextistogetmorepeopleto_______3.Thewriterofthestorywantstotellusthat___________4.Thefact...ismentionedbytheauthortoshow________5.Theauthorwritesthelastparagraphinorderto_____三、考查写作意图推断写作意图推断要求考生根据文章的论述，34【典型考例】(2018全国Ⅰ·B)Good

Morning

Britain’sSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole—showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSave

Money:Good

Food,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder￡5perfamilyaday.AndtheGood

Morning

Britainpresentersaysshe’sbeenabletoputalotofwhatshe’slearntintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.【典型考例】(2018全国Ⅰ·B)35“WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,”sheexplains.“Ipay￡5foraportion(一份),butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,water,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswe’renotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.”Theeight-partseries(系列节目),Save

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Food,followsinthefootstepsofITV’sSave

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Health,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket....“WeloveMexicanchurros,so36Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.B.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.D.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.【解题思路】推理判断题。作者在第四段中提到“The

eight-part

series(系列节目),Save

Money:Good

Food,follows

in

the

footsteps

of

ITV’s

Save

Money:Good

Health...”,由此可知,作者写这一段是为了提供一些有关节目的背景信息,所以与C项相符。故答案选C。Whatdoestheauthorintendto37

四、

考查文章来源和读者对象推断

推测文章的来源或者读者对象要求读者本身要具备一定的常识，这样文章的内容才能与读者本身具备的常识结合起来。比如读者本身要对报纸、杂志、网络、科普、

小说、广告、说明书、旅游指南等有基本的了解，这样才能根据文章的特点对号人座，选出正确的答案。主要设题方式有：1.Thispassagewouldbemostlikelytobefoundin_____2.Thepassageisprobablytakenoutof__________3.Wheredoesthistextprobablycomefrom?4.Whichsectionofamagazineisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?5.Thetextisintendedfor(打算为谁所用)__________.四、考查文章来源和读者对象推断推测文章的来源或者读者38

（全国卷）Doyoualwaysunderstandthedirectionsonabottleofmedicine?Doyouknowwhatismeantby“Takeonlyasdirected?”Readthefollowingdirectionsandseeifyouunderstandthem.Toreducepain,taketwotablets(药片)withwater,followedbyonetableteveryeighthours,asrequired.Fornight-timeandearlymorningrelief(缓解疼痛)taketwotabletsatbedtime.Donottakemorethansixtabletsintwenty-fourhours.Forchildrensixtotwelveyearsold,givehalftheamount.Forchildrenundersixyearsold,askyourdoctor’sadvice.Reducetheamountifyousufferfromrestlessnessorsleeplessnessaftertakingthemedicine.

Thistextismostprobablytakenfroma______.A.textbook

B.

newsreel(新闻短片)C.doctor’snotebook

D.bottleofmedicine

3914.

Morethan30,000driversandfrontseatpassengersarekilledorseriouslyinjured（受伤）eachyear.Ataspeedofonly30milesperhouritisthesameasfallingfromathirdfloorwindow.Wearingaseatbelt（安全带）saveslives;itreducesyourchanceofdeathorseriousinjurybymorethanhalf.Thereforedriversorfrontseatpassengersover14inmostvehiclesmustwearaseatbelt.Ifyoudonot,youcouldbefinedupto$50.Itwillnotbeuptothedriverstomakesureyouwearyourbelt.Butitwillbethedriver'sresponsibility（责任）tomakesurethatchildrenunder14donotrideinthefrontunlesstheyarewearingseatbeltofsomekind.However,youdonothavetowearaseatbeltifyouarereversing（倒退）yourvehicleoryouaremakingalocaldelivery（发送）orcollectionusingaspecialvehicle;orifyouhaveavalidmedicalcertificatewhichexcusesyoufromwearingit.Makesurethesecircumstances（情形）applytoyoubeforeyoudecidenottowearyourseatbelt.Rememberyoumaybetakentocourtfornotdoingso,andyoumaybefinedifyoucannotprovetothecourtthatyouhavebeenexcusedfromwearingit.

Thistextistakenfrom_____.A.amedicalmagazine

B.atrafficpolicereportC.anadvertisement

D.agovernmentinformationbooklet