初中英语介词练习题及详解

介(一)正辨析1、［］Wegottothetopofthemountainindaybreak.［正］Wegottothetopofthemountainatdaybreak.［析］at用于详尽刻以前，如：sunrise,midday,noon,sunset,midnight,night。2、［］Don'tsleepatdaytime［正］Don'tsleepindaytime.［析］in要用于的一段以内，如：inthemorning/afternoon,或intheweek/month/year.或inspring/supper/autumn/winter等等。3、［］WevisitedtheoldmaninSundayafternoon.［正］WevisitedtheoldmanonSundayafternoon.［析］inthemorning,intheafternoon假如在两个短中加入任何修其前面的介都要改on,如：onacoldmorning,onthemorningofJuly14th4、［］Hebecameawritterathistwenties［正］Hebecameawritterinhistwenties［析］句：他在20多就成了作家。在某人的一段生活段中要用介in来表示，而在详尽数用at来表示。5、［］HewenttoNewYorktofindajobinsixteenyearsold.［正］HewenttoNewYorktofindajobatsixteen.［析］在详尽年前用at,如：attheageof12，atyourage，等等。6、［］Wewenttoswimintheriverinaveryhotday.［正］Wewenttoswimintheriveronaveryhotday.［析］详尽某一天要用介on,又如：onNewYear'sDay7、［］I'mlookingforwardtoseeingyouonChristmas.［正］I'mlookingforwardtoseeingyouatChristmas.［析］在日的当日用on，而所有日期用at,Christmas是圣期，一般要有两周或更的。8、［］Ihaven'tseeyouduringthesummerholidays.［正］Ihaven'tseenyousincethebeginningofthesummerholidays.［析］during表示在某一段以内，因此一般不与完成搭配，如：Ivisitedalotofmuseumsduringtheholiday.而for表示一段，可以用于完成，如：Ihaven'tseeyouforalongtime.而through用来表示"整整，所有的"。如：Itrainedthroughthenight.而since是表达主句作的初步，一般要与完成用。9、［］Atenteringtheclassroom,Iheardthegoodnews.［正］Onenteringtheclassroom,Iheardthegoodnews.［析］On加名表示"一⋯⋯就"。本句的文是：我一入教室就听个好信息了。又如：onhearing⋯一听，onarrival一到达就⋯⋯(on表示作的名)10、［］Inthebeginningofthebook,therearesomeinterestingstories.［正］Atthebeginningofthebook,therearesomeinterestingstories.［析］atthebegining与attheend都是指某事物的开始与束部分，均不指范，而inthebeginning是指开始一段。intheend＝atlast是指"最，于"之意。11、［］Tilltheendofnextweek.Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.［正］Bytheendofnextweek.Iwillhavefinishedthiswork.［析］by引起的状表示了作的截止点，其意思"不于某一刻将工作做完"，因此主句一般是完成时态。自然可以有未来时态，如：I'llbetherebyfiveo'clock.而till则表达其一动作向来连续到某一时辰，但句中的动词必定要用连续性动词，而瞬时的截止性动词应用其否定句式，如：Iwon'tfinishthisworktill(until)nextweekend.12、［误］HecametoLondonbeforelastweekend.［正］HehadcometoLondonbeforelastweekend.［正］HecametoLondontwoweeksago.［析］before一般要与完成时连用，而ago则与一般过去时连用。13、［误］IhavestudiedEnglishforthreeyearsginceIhadcomehere.［正］IhavestudiedEnglishforthreeyearssinceIcamehere.［析］since用来表达主句动作的开始时间，因此其引出的从句中应为过去时，而不可以用完成时态14、［误］Icanhelpyourepairthisbike.Youwillgetitaftertwohours.［正］Icanhelpyourepairthisbike.Youwillgetitintwohours.［析］中文常常讲两小时之此后取，两天内会修睦，而这个介词在英文中要用in而不要用after。其原由有二，①after多用于过去时，如：IarrivedinNewYork.Afterthreedays,Ifoundajobinthebank.加②时after间是表达一个不确立的时间范围，如：afterthreedays,即三天此后的哪一天都可以。因此在承诺若干时间内会完成某事时，必定要用介词in。15、［误］Threedaysafterhedied.［正］Afterthreedayshedied.［正］Threedayslaterhedied.［析］after与later都可以用来表达一段时间此后，但它们所处的地点不同样，after在时间词前，而later在时间词后。16、［误］Shehidherselfafterthetree.［正］Shehidherselfbehindthetree.［析］after多用来表达某动作此后，因此有的语法书中称它为动向介词，如：Irunafterhim.Afterfinishingmyhomework,Iwenttoseeafilm.而behind则多用于静态事物此后。17、［误］Thereisabeautifulbirdonthetree.［正］Thereisabeautifulbirdinthetree.［析］树上长出的果实，树叶要用on,而其余外来的人、物体均要用inthetree.18、［误］ShanghaiisontheeastofChina.［正］ShanghaiisintheeastofChina.［析］在表达地理地点时有3个介词：in,on,to。in表示在某范围以内;on表示与某地区接壤；to则表示不相接。如：JapanistotheeastofChina.19、［误］IarrivedatNewYorkonJuly2nd.［正］IarrivedinNewYorkonJuly2nd.［析］at用来表达较小的地方，而in用来表达较大的地方。at常用于attheschoolgate,athome,atabusstop,atthestation,atthecinema,atasmallvillage。20、［误］HelivedinNo.3BeijingRoad.［正］HelivedatNo.3BeijingRoad.［析］在门牌号码前要用at,并要注意它的惯用法：attheendofthestreet,atthefootofthemountain,atthetopofthepage。21、［误］ThereisacolourTVsetatthecornerofthehall.［正］ThereisacolourTVsetinthecornerofthehall.［析］在屋内的角落应用in，而墙的外角用at，如：Thereisatreeatthecornerofthestreet.22、［］ThisweekendI'llstayinUncleWang's.［正］ThisweekendI'llstayatUncleWang's.［析］要注意英文的特别表达法，如：atatailor'sshop(裁店)＝atatailor's,atthedoctor's(去看病)atthebookseller's(在店)atuncleWang's(在王叔叔家)23、［］Doyouknowthereissomegoodnewsontoday'snewspaper［正］Doyouknowthereissomegoodnewsintoday'snewspaper［析］在上的新要用in,而在详尽某一版上，或某一上要用on。24、［］TheschoolwillbeginonSeptember1st.［正］SchoolwillbeginonSeptember1st.［析］里的school看作不可以数名泛指学校的程，即开学之意。要注意，有些活所当表达正在从事种活不要加冠，如：attable(吃)，WhenIcametoTom'shome,theywereattable.有：atdesk(学)，atwork(工作)atschool(上学)，inhospital(住医院)atchurch作星期如加上定冠还有他意，如：attheschool即在学校工作或事，inthehospital即在医院工作或去探望病人。25、［］Inmywaytothestation,Iboughtanewspapertokilltime.［正］Onmywaytothestation,Iboughtanewspapertokilltime.［析］文：在去站的路上我了份，的是消磨光"在⋯⋯的路上"用onone'sway。⋯而intheway有道之意，如：Pleasemovethechairitisintheway。26、［］Look,thedoorisopen,Maybesomeonebrokeinto.［正］Look,thedoorisopen,Maybesomeonebrokein.［正］Look,thedoorisopen,Maybesomeonebrokeintotheoffice.［析］in是表达一个静止状，在与break用此后不加介，而into是介，与break用要加介。27、［］I'llleaveBeijingtoShanghaitomorrow.［正］I'llleaveBeijingforShanghai.［正］I'llleaveforShanghai.［析］leavefor是走开某地去某的固定搭配，不可以将for改的介。的搭配有：startfor身前去某，setoutfor，sailfor。28、［］I'msorry.Ihavetogetoutthebusatnextstop.［正］I'msorry.Ihavetogetoutofthebusatnextstop.［析］getin,与getout是两个相反的。getin上，而getout下，但法家里的in与out副，因此此后不可以接名，我可以We'dbettergetin.或We'dbettergetout.有一有关上下：geton／off(atrain,aship,astruck)getinto／outof(acar,taxi⋯)29、［］BecarefulThetemperatureofthewaterisninetydegreesoverzero.［正］Becareful.Thetemperatureofthewaterisninetydegreesabovezero.［析］over与above在作比某物高的意思有可以互。但在垂直方向上的高矮，即正上方要用above.而泛指上方用over.30、［］Thereisanoldstonebridgeabovetheriver.［正］Thereisanoldstonebridgeovertheriver.［析］over有一意"超越，横跨"。31、［］TheDeadSeaisunderthesealevel.［正］TheDeadSeaisbelowthesealevel.［析］在垂直下方要用

below.

也就是

above

与

below

互反意，

over

与

under也是反意。32、［］Thereisabigtreeinthefrontofthehouse.［正］Thereisabigtreeinfrontofthehouse.［析］infrontof是在物体外面的前面，而inthefrontof是在物体内部的前面，如：Thedriversitsinthefrontofthebus.33、［］Ittookthemtwodaystowalkacrosstheforest.［正］Ittookthemtwodaystowalkthroughtheforest.［析］across作介有两个主要意思：①横，如：Iwanttowalkacrossthestreet.面，如：Thereisapostofficeacrossthestreet,而through多用于三空中的穿越。across多用于平面上的横。如：Thelittlegirlranacrosstheroomtomeethermother.34、［］Thesunsetstowardthewest.［正］Thesunsetsinthewest.［析］towards也可用作toward，它主要表达朝向某方向运，但不用然到达，如：He

②rantoward(s)themountain.而在表示方向east,west,north,south，其前面要用in。要注意的是4个可以用作副，如：Iwentsouth.也可用作名，如：Iwenttothesouth.也可用作形容，如：IwenttothesouthpartofChina.35、［］Doyouhavenootherclothesexceptthose［正］Doyouhavenootherclothesbesidesthose［析］beside是"在⋯⋯旁"，如：Thestudentsstoodbesidetheirteachers.而besides是除⋯⋯以外，不⋯⋯并且⋯⋯，除了⋯⋯以外有⋯⋯"，如：IstudiedEnglishbesidesFrench,whenIwasincollege.而except是从同一物体中去掉某一部分，如：IcomehereeverydayexceptSunday.而exceptfor是指去掉不同样种的事物，如：Theroomiscleanexceptfortwochairs.而exceptthat要加从句。36、［］CanIwritetheexampaperwithink［正］CanIwritetheexampaperwithapen［正］CanIwritetheexampaperinink37、［］I'mearliertoday.Icameherebyhiscar.［正］I'mearliertoday.Icamehereinhiscar.［析］在交通工具前加介by，但不可以再有任何指示代或冠，否要改相的介。bytaxi=inataxibytrain=inatrainbybicycle=onabicyclebyship=onashipbyboat=inaboatbybus=onabusbyplane=onaplanebyair空运byland运bysea海运onfootonhorsebackbyphonebyletterbyradiobyairmailbyhand38、［误］AlotofFrenchwinesaremadeofgrape.［正］AlotofFrenchwinesaremadefromgrape.［析］madeof是指由原材想到成品过程中原资料未发生质地的变化，而发生了某种变化则要用from,如：Thedeskwasmadeofhardwood.39、［误］ThisisagooddictionaryinEnglishgrammar.［正］ThisisagooddictionaryonEnglishgrammar.［析］关于某方面的书本、报告等有两个介词，此中on表示某专业用书，about则为某方面的一般读物，如：Thisisabookaboutphysics.即物理科普知识。40、［误］Doyouhavethekeyofthedoor.［正］Doyouhavethekeytothedoor.［析］keytothedoor门的钥匙。同样用法还有answertothequestion,entrancetothehighway,dangertohealth.千万不要用of。41、［误］TodayalotofChinesepeoplehaveinterestofcollectingstamps.［正］TodayalotofChinesepeoplehaveinterestincollectingstamps.［析］haveinterestin是在某方面有兴趣。42、［误］Ididn'tdomyhomework,sotheteacherwasangrytome.［正］Ididn'tdomyhomework,sotheteacherwasangrywithme.［析］beangrywith此后接人，而beangryat此后接事。如：Hewasangryatwhatshesaid.43、［误］Hewasgoodforskating.［正］Hewasgoodatskating.［析］begoodat为"善于某事"，而begoodforsomebody为对某人很好。44、［误］Itwasgoodtoyoutohelpmylittleboy.［正］Itwasgoodofyoutohelpmylittleboy.［析］这句话应译为：你真太好了，帮助了我的少儿。而begoodtosomebody是对某人态度好。如：Hermotherisgoodtoeveryone.45、［误］Myparentswereverypleasedatme.［正］Myparentswereverypleasedwithme.［正］Myparentswereverypleasedatmystudying.［析］bepleasedwith后加somebody,而bepleasedat后加something。46、［误］Heisagreewithme.［正］Heagreeswithme.47、［误］Heagainstsme.［正］Heisagainstme.［析］同意agree为动词，而反对against则为介词。在使用中必定要注意。48、［误］Ihaven'theardlettersfromhim.［正］Ihaven'theardfromhim.［析］hearfrom即为：从某人处获守信件。不要再加letter了。49、［误］Teacher.MayIcallatyouthisweekend［正］Teacher.MayIcallonyouthisweekend［析］作为"拜会"讲callat此后接地点，如：MayIcallatyourhomethisweekend而callon此后接人。50、［误］Doyouknowthegirlonwhite［正］Doyouknowthegirlinwhite［析］inwhite为穿一身白。与in有关的词组有：inbed(睡觉)，inhospital(住院)，inahurry(赶忙忙忙)，indanger(危险中),injoy(快乐)，ingoodhealth(身体好)，inlove(恋爱)，introuble(困境)，与之相反的是outof,如：outoftrouble(摆脱困境)，outofdate(过时了)，outoforder(出故障)51、［误］Helookedatmeatsurprise.［正］Helookedatmeinsurprise.［析］surprise的用法一般有三种。①用于句首，Toone'ssurprise,如：Tomysurprisehesucceeded.②besurprisedat,如：Iwassurprisedatthenews.③用于句尾insurprise.52、［误］Shedidn'tcometoschoolbecauseofshewasill.［正］Shedidn'tcometoschoolbecauseshewasill.［析］becauseof后接名词，如：Thegamewasputoffbecauseoftherain.(三)例题解析1-Thankyou＿＿＿thebeautifulflowers!-Notatall.AinBonCatDfor［答案］D.［析］因为某事向某人道谢应用for。2Canyouanswerthisquestion＿＿＿EnglishAbyBinCwithDfrom［答案］B.［析］in表示用语言、声音、或资料，如：Heansweredthequestioninalowvoice.3Look＿＿＿themap＿＿＿China＿＿＿thewall,please.Aafter,of,inBat,of,inCafter,in,onDat,of,on［答案］D.［析］lookat为"看"，而onthewall为"在墙表面挂着"，而inthewall则是"在墙内"，如：Thereisholeinthewall.墙上有个洞。4-WhendidMrGreenarriveinLondon-Hearrivedthere＿＿＿theeveningofDecember6th.AatBinConDto［答案］C.［析］intheevening/afternoon这两个词组不论是在其前或后加上任何修饰词都应将介词换为on,如：onacoldmorning,onaspringmorning等。5Wewontherelayrace.Andtherewasabigsmile＿＿＿ourteacher'sface.AoffBnearConDbetween［答案］C.6Thetwinsgotonwell＿＿＿theirclassmates.AtoBinCwithDabout［答案］C.［析］getonwellwith与人相处很好。7-Pleaseremembertocometomybirthdayparty.-Isee.I'llcome＿＿＿Saturdayevening.AinBatConDfor［答案］C.8Let'shurry，orwe'llbelate＿＿＿schoolAtoBatCwithDfor［答案］D.［析］belatefor，而comelateto，如：Don'tcomelatetoschool9Theywillhaveamathstest＿＿＿twodaysAforBatCinDafter［答案］C.［析］三天以内用in，而不要受中文影响用after，afterthreedays是个不定的范，即没有一个正确的。5天、6天、10天所有是afterthreedays。10Mybrotherjoinedthearmy＿＿＿A1989，MarchBinMarch，1989CMarch，1989D1989，inMarch［答案］B.［析］在月份、年、前用介in，而日子前用on。11Hecouldn'tworkoutthemathsproblem＿＿＿yourhelpAwithoutBunderCforDwith［答案］A.［析］在某人帮助下用with，如：WiththehelpoftheteacherIpassedtheexameasily而假如没有你的帮助用withoutyourhelp12Grannytookonelookatus＿＿＿herglassesAbyBthroughConDin［答案］B.［析］through穿⋯⋯。13Wehadourbreakfast＿＿＿aquarter＿＿＿sevenA/，toBin，toCat，toDon，to［答案］C.［析］详尽点前用at，而差几分几点用to，里：我在差一刻七点吃的早。14IlearnFrench＿＿＿theradioeverydayAonBinCfromDat［答案］A.［析］从收音机悦耳到某事用ontheradio。15It'sgoodmannerstowait＿＿＿lineAinBonCatDwith［答案］A.［析］inline为排队。16HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearnt＿＿＿lasttermAbytheendofBattheendofCtotheendofDtilltheendof［答案］A.［析］bytheendof为动作的截止时间，与完成时态相当合17Themanagerwasverysatisfied＿＿＿hisworkAinBonCaboutDwith［答案］D.［析］besatisfiedwith为固定搭配。18JohnhitJack＿＿＿faceAontheBintheConhisDinhis［答案］B.［析］英文中的某些动词此后要接人，此后加介词＋the＋身体部位，如：Hecaughttheboybythearm。19Iwasborn＿＿＿thenight＿＿＿September15，1978Ain，onBat，onCat，inDon，of［答案］D.［析］在时间前加介词时应以最小的时间单位为准。20It'sabadmannertolaugh＿＿＿peoplewhentheyare＿＿＿troubleAover，inBat，inCin，atDat，for［答案］B.［析］laughat讽刺某人，laughover笑着讨论某人或某事，introuble坠入困境。21Ican'tdothisworkwell＿＿＿Tom'shelpAunderBforCwithoutDfrom［答案］C.22Don'tshout＿＿＿theoldwoman。Youshouldbemorepolite＿＿＿herAto，atBat，toCin，forDfrom，for［答案］B.［析］shoutat为"冲某人喊叫"，而bepolitetosomebody为"对某人平和。"23Wemustbestrict＿＿＿ourselves＿＿＿everythingAwith，inBin，withCwith，toDto，of［答案］A.［析］bestrictwith对某人严格要求。24Hewenttothefootballmatch＿＿＿lunchlastSundayAtoBwithoutCbehindDbetween［答案］B.［析］withoutlunch未吃午餐。25Thepeople'sRepublicofChinawasfounded＿＿＿1949AwithBonCsinceDin［答案］D.［析］在年月前用in。因句子是过去时而不是完成时，因此不可以用since。26MrBlackgottoHangzhou＿＿＿afewdaysAinBafterConDat［答案］B.［析］这句话应译为：几日此后MrBlack到达了杭州。而不是在几日以内必定要做完某事，因此选B。27-Hastheteachergivenyouanyadvice＿＿＿yourEngli