大学英语语法(英语专业必看)

格式支持编辑，如有帮助欢迎下载支持。PAGEPAGE3word格式支持编辑，如有帮助欢迎下载支持。1.NounIdentifytheuncountablenouns1.Nounsthathavenodistinct,separateparts,welookasthewhole)2.Nounsthathavepartsthataretoosmallorinsignificanttocount(sandgrasshair)3.Nounsthatareclassesorcategoriesofthings(food,clothing,money)P494.Nounsthatareabstraction(life,work,music)5.Subjectsofstudy(history,math)不可数变可数三大规律1.(若表示不同的种类，或者表示特定的意思，或者是液体名词表示“几杯”或“几瓶”这样的数量时。2.抽象名词若是具体化，则可数。与此相反，可数转化为不可数。3.事物，则为可数。物质名词/总称名词变可数1.总称名词具体化A:Wouldyoulikeacake?B:No.Idon’tlikecake.2.物质名词变意思Ineedsomepaper./Iboughtapaper.3.液体物质名词表数量Twobeersandthreecoffees,please.抽象名词变可数Art(anart)/beauty(abeauty)/youth(ayouth)Eg.1.Youthisnotatimeoflife.Itisastateofmind.2.WhenasachildIlaughedandtimecrept.WhenasayouthIdreamedandtalked-timewalked.2ArticlesSpecificreference--the1.特指是针对交际双方来说的2.特指就是根据说话者和听话者共有的知识，或根据上下文，可以识别的事物。3.说话者用the”或“还原”所指对象的方法有多种。1.Situational/culturalreferenceEg.AlbertEinstein,thefamousphysicist.2.textualco-reference—anaphoricreference前指）&cataphoricreference（后指1.generalknowledge (thesun,themoon,theNorthPole,theEquator,theuniverse,theRenaissance,thePope罗马教皇）2.specificknowledge/localuse (let’sgotothelibrary)3.immediatesituation (Therosesarevery beautiful. Canyoufindthe不定冠词泛指与非泛指a/an+uncountablenounAwashingpowderI’vefoundtobeextremelygoodis“Tide”.（种类）Ilikeabeerplease. （一杯）Aglass/aniron （意变）Conditionswhen“one”isbetter1.“一时用one(oneonly),C:whenwilltheybeready?A:theytakeaweek. C:Oneweek,right,thanks.2.用于准确的对照数字Twokilosofflourandonelitterofwater.3.讲故事中用one, 强调人或事作为将要讲到的话题ThereisoneplacewegotowhichisaMexicanrestaurant,andtheyhadahappyhourbetween5:30and7:30.Conditionswhen“a/an”isbetter1.”a/an””one”Ashotgunisnogood.2.”a/an””one”Therentis$100aweek.3.”a/an””one”Afew,agreatmany,alargenumberof用不用冠词的意义区别1.(the)table,in(the)bed2.to(the)prison,in/at(the)church,in(the)hospital3.关于上学：class,school,college,university,desk4.关于sea:goto/at/by(the)sea5.:time,red,day,place,question,etc使用冠词的场合1.形容词或副词的最高级、序数词以及only用作形容词加名词连用时，一般用the.Theonly/bestwaytocopewiththeproblem.2.乐器、乐团、合唱团及流行音乐团体前加theTheBeatles/PhiladelphiaOrchestra/piano3.the与姓氏连用TheSmiths,theBushes其他不用冠词的场合1.关于职业、身份或头衔2.不加冠词）3.(nature,society,history,man,space)4.关于星期5.关于四季6.(by,at,after,before)7.(adj则加the）8.关于交通工具（by后不加，其他时候要加）9.关于通讯工具（by后不加，其他时候要加）10.平行结构1.Johnis(the)captainoftheteam2.HewaselectedPresidentthesecondtime.3.WeelectedHenrychairman.4.独一无二头衔在同位语位置ElizabethII, QueenofEngland特殊名词Ifyoudestroynatur