《英语虚拟语气》课件

Unit1ArtGrammar:SubjunctiveMoodUnit1ArtGrammar:Subjunctive

Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,noonewouldhavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique,wewouldnotbeabletoseethemanygreatmasterpiecesforwhichthisperiodisfamous.WithouttheImpressionists,manyofthesepaintingstylesmightnotexist.虚拟语气Iftherulesofperspectiveh2虚拟语气情景与事实（包括过去、现在或未来）相反，这种语气叫虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。虚拟语气情景与事实（包括过去、现在或未来）相反，这种3if引导的虚拟条件句Ifsheinvitedmenow,Iwouldgototheparty.假如她现在邀请我参加聚会，我就去。Ifshehadinvitedmeyesterday,Iwouldhavegonetotheparty.假如她昨天邀请我参加聚会，我就去了。Ifsheshouldinvitemetomorrow,Iwouldgotothepart如果她明天邀请我参加聚会，我会去的。if引导的虚拟条件句Ifsheinvitedmeno41.对现在的虚拟

IfIwereyou,Iwould/could/should/mightdothat.IfIhadmoney,Iwould/could/should/mightbuythathouse.1.对现在的虚拟IfIwereyou,Iwo5IfImetYangLiweiinthefleshnow,Iwould/could/might/should____________.IfImetYangLiweiinthefle62.对过去的虚拟IfIhadknownthatyesterday,Iwould/could/should/mighthavetoldyou.Ifshehadn’teatensomuchcandy,shewouldn’thavehad

herteethpulledout.2.对过去的虚拟IfIhadknownthaty7IfI____________busylastnight,I_______________toseethefilmwithyou.had

not

beenwould

have

goneIfI____________busylastni8Ifhe

_________

more

carefully,he____________________thecaraccidentyesterday.

would

not

have

had

had

driven

Ifhe_________morecarefully9IfI__________(know)yourtelephonenumber,I______________________(telephone)youyesterday.had

knownwouldhavetelephonedIfI__________(know)yourtel103.与将来事实相反的假设Ifitshouldrain,thecropsshould/would/could/mightbesaved.3.与将来事实相反的假设Ifitshouldrain11IfIbecameweretobecomeshouldbecomeascientistinthefuture,对将来情况的虚拟：I

wouldtry

tofindacureforcancer.要是将来我成了一名科学家，我就会努力找出治疗癌症的方法。IfIbecameascientistinthef12Fillintheblankswould/could/should/might+动词原形动词过去式(be动词用were)had+过去分词would/could/should/might+have+过去分词would/could/should/might+动词原形1.动词过去式(be用were)2.should+动词原形3.wereto+动词原形Fillintheblankswould/could/131.如果你早来5分钟,你就赶上这趟车了。Ifyou_______herefiveminutesearlier,you_________________thebus.2.如果我现在不忙,我就来帮你了。IfI____notbusy,I__________younow.3.如果明天下雪了,我们怎么办？What______wedoifit____________tomorrow?had

gotwerewould

helpshouldweretosnowwould

have

caught1.如果你早来5分钟,你就赶上这趟车了。Ifyou__141.IfI____amap,Iwouldlendittoyou.A.haveB.hadC.shouldD.would2.Alan_____thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.

A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed1.IfI____amap,Iwouldl15If型特例：省略if的条件从句用法：虚拟条件句中有

were,had

或

should

时，可省略if，而把were,had,should放在句首,用倒装结构。(否定句中not不提到前面来)3.Ifyouhadnothelpedme，Ishouldhavefailed.2.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.1.IfIwere

you,Iwouldnotdothat.WereIyou,Iwouldnotdothat.Shouldhefailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Hadyounothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed.If型特例：省略if的条件从句用法：虚拟条件句中有we161.______hecome,theproblemwouldbesettled.A.WouldB.ShouldC.ShallD.If2._______,mancouldnotliveatall.A.WereitnotforthesunB.IfitwasforthesunC.HaditnotbeenforthesunD.Ifitshouldn’tbeforthesunExercisesB

A

1.______hecome,theproblem173.______,everythingwouldhavebeenallright.A.HehadbeenhereB.HerehehadbeenC.BeenherehehadD.Hadhebeenhere4.____fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.A.wouldyoubeB.shouldyoubeC.couldyoubeD.mightyoubeDB

3.______,everythingwouldha18Fillintheblankswould/could/should/might+动词原形动词过去式(be动词用were)had+过去分词would/could/should/might+have+过去分词would/could/should/might+动词原形1.动词过去式(be用were)2.should+动词原形3.wereto+动词原形Fillintheblankswould/could/19二、虚拟语气特殊句型:１、wish后面的宾语从句中。一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望其谓语动词形式为：wish的宾语从句现在:

过去时(did/were)过去:

过去完成时(haddone)未来:

would/could/might/should+V.(原)二、虚拟语气特殊句型:１、wish后面的宾语从句中。wis20IwishI

were

abird.IwishIwereabird.21Iwisheveryday

were

mybirthday.Iwisheverydayweremybirth22IwishI

were

astallasYaoMing.IwishIwereastallasYaoM23Iwish/wishedI

hadn’t

eatensomuchwatermelon.表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。Iwish/wishedIhadn’teatens24Thepartywasterrible,IwishI

had

nevergonetoit.Thepartywasterrible,Iwish25Iwishit

would

raintomorrow.和将来相反，用would+动词原形Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.26Heisnotamillionairebuthe_____hewere.A.wishes

B.hopes

C.longs

D.believesIwishthatI______visitmyunclethedayaftertomorrow.A.shall

B.have

C.would

D.amgoingtoIwishit______springalltheyearround.A.willbe

B.were

C.be

D.isIwishI_____tothatuniversitywithyouyesterday.A.wouldgo

B.went

C.didgo

D.hadgoneExercisesHeisnotamillionairebuthe27我现在要是年轻十岁就好了。IwishIweretenyearsyoungernow.我昨天要是遇见他就好了。IwishIhadmethimyesterday.我希望成为一名科学家。IwishIwouldbeascientist.我现在要是年轻十岁就好了。282.wouldratherthat现在:过去:未来:★

Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.★

IwouldratherIhadn’tcomeyesterday.★

Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时2.wouldratherthat现在:★Iwou293.asif/though+从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时★

Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.★

Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.3.asif/though+从句现在：过去时过30★

他们就像多年的朋友一样交谈。Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.★

他看上去像是醉了。Helooksasifheweredrunk.★她看起来似乎是冰做的。Shelooked

asifshehadbeenmadeofice.★他们就像多年的朋友一样交谈。31我们该去睡觉了。4.It’s(about/high)time+that过去时(were)should(不省)+V.你该走了。It’shightimethatyou

went.It’shightimethatyou

should

go.It’stimethatwe

wenttobed.It’stimethatwe

should

gotobed.我们该去睡觉了。4.It’s(about/high)t325.表示要求、命令、建议的虚拟语气。使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。常见动词:一个坚持，两个命令，

三个建议，四个要求。即1)insist2)order,command3)advise,suggest,propose4)demand,require,request,ask5.表示要求、命令、建议的虚拟语气。使用should+33Isuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意：suggest当表示“暗示、表明”讲时，insist表示“坚持说”“坚持认为”之意时，应用陈述语气。suggest表示“建议”，insist

表示“坚持要某人做某事”时，用虚拟语气。Isuggestthatwe(should)hol341)Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody____(obey)therules.2)Heinsistedthatshe___(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalatonce.obeywasbesent3)Hesuggestedthatwe____(have)ameetingatonce.4)Hispalefacesuggestedthathe____(be)ill.havewas1)Theguardatgateinsisted35

在suggestion/proposal/order/plan/advice/idea/request等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“should＋动词原形”should可以省略．在表要求，命令等的名词用于表语从句和同位语从句Myideaisthatwe(should)thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.Mysuggestionthatwe(should)haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers.Weallagreetothesuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.在suggestion/proposal/o366.

It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/apity/nowonder/impossible+that从句,从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形★我们掌握一门外语是非常重要的。Itis

important

thatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.6.It’snecessary/strange/natu377.Ifonly引导的感叹句（要是．．．该有多好啊)表示现在的情况,应用过去式;如果是过去的情况,应用过去完成时态

IfonlyIwereaflyingbird!要是我看过那部电影就好了！IfonlyIhadseenthefilm!现在：过去：过去时过去完成时7.Ifonly引导的感叹句（要是．．．该有多好啊)表38Choosethebestanswer:Itisstrangethatthelittleboy_____speaktwoforeignlanguages.A.couldb.canC.shouldD.would2.Hegaveordersthattheexperiment____before5:30pm.A.befinishedB.willfinishC.mustbefinished3.WithouttheleadershipoftheParty,there____noNewChina.A.wouldbeB.hasbeenC.shouldbeD.wasCAAChoosethebestanswer:CAA394.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe_____nothingwrongand_____free.A.did;set

B.haddone;shouldbeset

C.shoulddo;beset

D.haddone;mustbeset5.Hadyoulistenedtothedoctor,you_____allrightnow.are

B.were

C.wouldbe

D.wouldhavebeen6.You_____comeearlier.Thebusleftamomentago.

A.would

B.shouldhave

C.may

D.haveBBcBBc40HomeworkTextbook:P5,P13,P43,P51Reviewwhatwelearnttoday.HomeworkTextbook:P5,P13,P441Ifit_________lastnight,theground________wetnow.要是昨晚下过雨的话，现在地面就会是湿的。hadrainedwouldbeIfit_________lastnight,th42错综虚拟条件句当条件从句与主句所表的时间不一致时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。

主句和从句的谓语动词并不相互呼应，这种条件句叫错综虚拟条件句。较多见的混合型条件句是从句用过去完成时（指过去行为），而主句用一般时（指目前状态）。错综虚拟条件句当条件从句与主句所表的时间不一致时，43★如果他听了我的劝告，他现在会通过考试。Hewouldpassthetest

ifhehadtakenmyadvice.

★假如昨天我对他说了，现在我就知道该怎么办了。IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow.★假如我是你，我当时就不会打破那杯子。

IfIwereyou,Iwouldnothavebrokentheglass.★如果他听了我的劝告，他现在会通过考试。448.在含有Ifitwerenotfor(与现在相反）或Ifithadnotbeenfor（与过去相反）条件句的虚拟语气中。Ifitwerenotfortherain,thecropswoulddie.含蓄虚拟8.在含有Ifitwerenotfor(与现在相反45★要不是你的帮助，我们就不可能提前完成任务。Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp,wecouldn’thavefinishedtheworkaheadoftime.=Butforyourhelp…=Withoutyourhelp…=Haditnotbeenforyourhelp…★要不是你的帮助，我们就不可能提前完成任务。46Unit1ArtGrammar:SubjunctiveMoodUnit1ArtGrammar:Subjunctive

Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,noonewouldhavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique,wewouldnotbeabletoseethemanygreatmasterpiecesforwhichthisperiodisfamous.WithouttheImpressionists,manyofthesepaintingstylesmightnotexist.虚拟语气Iftherulesofperspectiveh48虚拟语气情景与事实（包括过去、现在或未来）相反，这种语气叫虚拟语气。虚拟语气表示说话人的愿望、假设、或建议，而不是表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。虚拟语气情景与事实（包括过去、现在或未来）相反，这种49if引导的虚拟条件句Ifsheinvitedmenow,Iwouldgototheparty.假如她现在邀请我参加聚会，我就去。Ifshehadinvitedmeyesterday,Iwouldhavegonetotheparty.假如她昨天邀请我参加聚会，我就去了。Ifsheshouldinvitemetomorrow,Iwouldgotothepart如果她明天邀请我参加聚会，我会去的。if引导的虚拟条件句Ifsheinvitedmeno501.对现在的虚拟

IfIwereyou,Iwould/could/should/mightdothat.IfIhadmoney,Iwould/could/should/mightbuythathouse.1.对现在的虚拟IfIwereyou,Iwo51IfImetYangLiweiinthefleshnow,Iwould/could/might/should____________.IfImetYangLiweiinthefle522.对过去的虚拟IfIhadknownthatyesterday,Iwould/could/should/mighthavetoldyou.Ifshehadn’teatensomuchcandy,shewouldn’thavehad

herteethpulledout.2.对过去的虚拟IfIhadknownthaty53IfI____________busylastnight,I_______________toseethefilmwithyou.had

not

beenwould

have

goneIfI____________busylastni54Ifhe

_________

more

carefully,he____________________thecaraccidentyesterday.

would

not

have

had

had

driven

Ifhe_________morecarefully55IfI__________(know)yourtelephonenumber,I______________________(telephone)youyesterday.had

knownwouldhavetelephonedIfI__________(know)yourtel563.与将来事实相反的假设Ifitshouldrain,thecropsshould/would/could/mightbesaved.3.与将来事实相反的假设Ifitshouldrain57IfIbecameweretobecomeshouldbecomeascientistinthefuture,对将来情况的虚拟：I

wouldtry

tofindacureforcancer.要是将来我成了一名科学家，我就会努力找出治疗癌症的方法。IfIbecameascientistinthef58Fillintheblankswould/could/should/might+动词原形动词过去式(be动词用were)had+过去分词would/could/should/might+have+过去分词would/could/should/might+动词原形1.动词过去式(be用were)2.should+动词原形3.wereto+动词原形Fillintheblankswould/could/591.如果你早来5分钟,你就赶上这趟车了。Ifyou_______herefiveminutesearlier,you_________________thebus.2.如果我现在不忙,我就来帮你了。IfI____notbusy,I__________younow.3.如果明天下雪了,我们怎么办？What______wedoifit____________tomorrow?had

gotwerewould

helpshouldweretosnowwould

have

caught1.如果你早来5分钟,你就赶上这趟车了。Ifyou__601.IfI____amap,Iwouldlendittoyou.A.haveB.hadC.shouldD.would2.Alan_____thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon.

A.wouldhavemissedB.hadmissedC.wouldmissD.missed1.IfI____amap,Iwouldl61If型特例：省略if的条件从句用法：虚拟条件句中有

were,had

或

should

时，可省略if，而把were,had,should放在句首,用倒装结构。(否定句中not不提到前面来)3.Ifyouhadnothelpedme，Ishouldhavefailed.2.Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.1.IfIwere

you,Iwouldnotdothat.WereIyou,Iwouldnotdothat.Shouldhefailintheexperimentthistime,hewouldtryagain.Hadyounothelpedme,Ishouldhavefailed.If型特例：省略if的条件从句用法：虚拟条件句中有we621.______hecome,theproblemwouldbesettled.A.WouldB.ShouldC.ShallD.If2._______,mancouldnotliveatall.A.WereitnotforthesunB.IfitwasforthesunC.HaditnotbeenforthesunD.Ifitshouldn’tbeforthesunExercisesB

A

1.______hecome,theproblem633.______,everythingwouldhavebeenallright.A.HehadbeenhereB.HerehehadbeenC.BeenherehehadD.Hadhebeenhere4.____fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.A.wouldyoubeB.shouldyoubeC.couldyoubeD.mightyoubeDB

3.______,everythingwouldha64Fillintheblankswould/could/should/might+动词原形动词过去式(be动词用were)had+过去分词would/could/should/might+have+过去分词would/could/should/might+动词原形1.动词过去式(be用were)2.should+动词原形3.wereto+动词原形Fillintheblankswould/could/65二、虚拟语气特殊句型:１、wish后面的宾语从句中。一般用虚拟语气，表示一种不可能实现的愿望其谓语动词形式为：wish的宾语从句现在:

过去时(did/were)过去:

过去完成时(haddone)未来:

would/could/might/should+V.(原)二、虚拟语气特殊句型:１、wish后面的宾语从句中。wis66IwishI

were

abird.IwishIwereabird.67Iwisheveryday

were

mybirthday.Iwisheverydayweremybirth68IwishI

were

astallasYaoMing.IwishIwereastallasYaoM69Iwish/wishedI

hadn’t

eatensomuchwatermelon.表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句动词常用“had＋过去分词”。Iwish/wishedIhadn’teatens70Thepartywasterrible,IwishI

had

nevergonetoit.Thepartywasterrible,Iwish71Iwishit

would

raintomorrow.和将来相反，用would+动词原形Iwishitwouldraintomorrow.72Heisnotamillionairebuthe_____hewere.A.wishes

B.hopes

C.longs

D.believesIwishthatI______visitmyunclethedayaftertomorrow.A.shall

B.have

C.would

D.amgoingtoIwishit______springalltheyearround.A.willbe

B.were

C.be

D.isIwishI_____tothatuniversitywithyouyesterday.A.wouldgo

B.went

C.didgo

D.hadgoneExercisesHeisnotamillionairebuthe73我现在要是年轻十岁就好了。IwishIweretenyearsyoungernow.我昨天要是遇见他就好了。IwishIhadmethimyesterday.我希望成为一名科学家。IwishIwouldbeascientist.我现在要是年轻十岁就好了。742.wouldratherthat现在:过去:未来:★

Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.★

IwouldratherIhadn’tcomeyesterday.★

Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.过去时过去时过去完成时2.wouldratherthat现在:★Iwou753.asif/though+从句现在：过去：过去时过去完成时★

Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.★

Irememberthewholethingasifithadhappenedyesterday.3.asif/though+从句现在：过去时过76★

他们就像多年的朋友一样交谈。Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.★

他看上去像是醉了。Helooksasifheweredrunk.★她看起来似乎是冰做的。Shelooked

asifshehadbeenmadeofice.★他们就像多年的朋友一样交谈。77我们该去睡觉了。4.It’s(about/high)time+that过去时(were)should(不省)+V.你该走了。It’shightimethatyou

went.It’shightimethatyou

should

go.It’stimethatwe

wenttobed.It’stimethatwe

should

gotobed.我们该去睡觉了。4.It’s(about/high)t785.表示要求、命令、建议的虚拟语气。使用should+动词原形，或者将should省略。常见动词:一个坚持，两个命令，

三个建议，四个要求。即1)insist2)order,command3)advise,suggest,propose4)demand,require,request,ask5.表示要求、命令、建议的虚拟语气。使用should+79Isuggestthatwe(should)holdameetingnextweek.Heinsistedthathe(should)besentthere.注意：suggest当表示“暗示、表明”讲时，insist表示“坚持说”“坚持认为”之意时，应用陈述语气。suggest表示“建议”，insist

表示“坚持要某人做某事”时，用虚拟语气。Isuggestthatwe(should)hol801)Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybody____(obey)therules.2)Heinsistedthatshe___(be)seriouslyillandthat______(send)tohospitalatonce.obeywasbesent3)Hesuggestedthatwe____(have)ameetingatonce.4)Hispalefacesuggestedthathe____(be)ill.havewas1)Theguardatgateinsisted81

在suggestion/proposal/order/plan/advice/idea/request等名词后的表语和同位语从句中要用“should＋动词原形”should可以省略．在表要求，命令等的名词用于表语从句和同位语从句Myideaisthatwe(should)thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit.Mysuggestionthatwe(should)haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers.Weallagreetothesuggestionthatthemeeting(should)beputoff.在suggestion/proposal/o826.

It’snecessary/strange/natural/important/apity/nowonder/impossible+that从句,从句中的动词要用虚拟，即(should)+动词原形★我们掌握一门外语是非常重要的。Itis

important

thatwe

(should)master

aforeignlanguage.6.It’snecessary/strange/natu837.Ifonly引导的感叹句（要是．．．该有多好啊)表示现在的情况,应用过去式;如果是过去的情况