初中初一复习知识点总结七年级英语(下册)附期末复习题

初中初一复习知识点总结：七年级英语（下册）期末测试试题习题大全Unit4Iwanttobeanactor.一．短语：1wanttodosth想要作某事2givesbsth=givesthtosb给某人某物/把某物给某人3helpsbdosth帮助某人作某事Eg:Iwanttohelpmymotherdosomehouseworkathome.4helpsbwithsth帮助某人谋事Eg:Iwanttohelpmymotherwithsomehouseworkathome5intheday在白天6atnight在晚上7talkwith/tosb和----谈话8bebusydoingsth忙于做某事Eg:Heisbusylisteningtotheteacher.9inahospital在医院l10work/studyhard努力工作11EveningNewspaper晚报二．重点句式及注意事项：1询问职业的特殊疑问词是what；有三种主要句式①What+is/are+sb?②What+does/do+sb+do?③What+is/are+名词所有格/形容词性物主代词+job?2Peoplegivemetheirmoneyorgettheirmoneyfromme.3SometimesIworkinthedayandsometimesatnight.4Iliketalkingtopeople.5Iworklate.I’mverybusywhenpeoplegoouttodinners.6Wheredoesyoursisterwork?7thenwehaveajobforyouasawaiter.8Doyouwanttoworkforamagazine?Thencomeandworkforusasareporter.9Doyouliketoworkeveningsandweekends?10Weareaninternationalschoolforchildrenof5-12.三．本单元中的名词复数。1policeman---policemen2womandoctor-----womendoctors3thief-----thievesUnit5I’mwatchingTV一．现在进行时Ⅰ现在进行时的用法表示现在（说话瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作Ⅱ现在进行时时间状语及标志性词①now现在②atthistime在这时③atthemoment现在④look看（后面有明显的“！”）⑤listen听（后面有明显的“！”）Ⅲ现在分词的构成①一般在动词结尾处加ingEg:go—goinglook--looking②以不发音字母e结尾的动词，去e加ing。Eg:write—writingclose--closing③以重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这个字母，再加ing.Eg:get—gettingrun—running(swim,run,put,get,sit,begin)Ⅳ现在进行时的构成肯定句:主语+am/is/are+doing+其他+时状.Eg:Heisdoinghishomeworknow.否定句：主语+am/is/are+not+doing+其他+时状.Eg:Heisnotdoinghishomeworknow.一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+doing+其他+时状？Eg:Ishedoinghishomeworknow?肯定回答：Yes,主语+am/is/areEgYes,heis.否定回答：No,主语+amnot/isn’t/aren’tEg:No,heisn’t.二．短语：1．doone’shomework做某人的作业dohousework做家务2．talkonthephone在电话里交谈，讲电话talkabout……谈论……talkto(with)sb和某人交谈3．writealetter写信writealettertosb给某人写信4．playwith……和……一起玩5．watchTV看电视TVshow电视节目6．waitforsb/sth等待某人/某物7．someof…………中的一些8．inthefirstphoto在第一张照片里（介词用in,序数词前面有the）inthelastphoto在最后一张照片里aphotoofone’sfamily某人的家庭照片9．atthemall在购物街at/inthelibrary在图书室at/inthepool在游泳池10．readabook=readbooks=dosomereading看书＼阅读11．thanksfor=thankyoufor为某事而感谢（后接动词要用v－ing）三．重点句式及注意事项：1．他正在干什么？Whatishedoing?他正在吃饭。Heiseatingdinner.他正在哪里吃饭？Whereisheeatingdinner?他正在家里吃饭。Heiseatingdinnerathome.2．你想什么时候去？Whendoyouwanttogo?让我们六点钟去吧。Let’sgoatsixo’clock.3．他正在等什么？Whatishewaitingfor?他正在等公交车。Heiswaitingforabus.4．他们正在和谁说话？Whoaretheytalkingwith?他们正在和MissWu说话。TheyaretalkingwithMissWu.5．你们正在谈论什么？Whatareyoutalkingabout?我们正在谈论天气。Wearetalkingabouttheweather.6．他们都正在去上学。Theyareallgoingtoschool.7．这儿是一些我的照片。Herearesomeofmyphotos.这儿是一些肉。Hereissomeofmeat.(someofmeat不可数，故用is)8．谢谢你帮我买这本书。Thankyouforhelpingmebuythisbook.9．family家；家庭。强调“整体”，是单数；强调“成员”时，是复数。Hisfamilyhasashower.他们家有一个淋浴。HisfamilyarewatchingTV.他全家在看电视。Unit6It’sraining!一．短语：1takephotos/pictures照像2takephotos/picturesofsb/sth给某人或某物照相3haveagoodtime＼havefunhaveagreattame玩得愉快4workforsb/sth为某人工作Eg:YuanYuanworksforCCTV’sAroundTheWorldshow5onvacation度假Eg:Therearemanypeoplehereonvacation.6some----others---一些．．．．．另外一些．．．．．one……theothers…….一个．．．．另一个．．．．（两者之间）Eg:Therearemanystudentsintheclassroom.Somearewriting,othersarereading.7puton穿上（动作）wear穿着（状态）Eg:Tomisputtingonhiscoatnow.8onthebeach在沙滩上Eg:Tomandhisfamilyareplayingonthebeachatthismoment.9thisgroupofpeople这一群人10.inthisheat二．重点句型1．Howistheweather?天气怎么样？Intheraining.在下雨。2．Whatareyoudoing?你正在做什么？I'mwatchingTV.我在看电视。3．Whataretheydoing?他们在做什么？Theyarestudying.他们在学习。4．Whatishedoing?他在做什么？Heisplayingbasketball.他在打篮球。5．Whatisshedoing?她在做什么？Sheiscooking.她在做饭。三．重难点解析1询问天气情况的句式：(横线内容可替换)①HowistheweatherinBeijing?(Howistheweathertoday?)②What’stheweatherlikeinBeijing?(What’stheweatherliketoday?)2回答上面问题的句式：①It’s+adj.(形容词)Eg:It’swindy.3How’sitgoing(withyou)?①Notbad.②Great!③Terrible!④Prettygood.4ThankyouforjoiningCCTV’sAroundTheWordshow.5Iamsurprisedtheycanplayinthisheat.6Everyoneishavingagoodtime.7Peoplearewearinghatsandscarfs.①wear指穿衣服的状态。②puton指穿衣服的动作。四．谈论天气的日常用语1.It’ssunny/rainy/cloudy.今天是晴天/雨天/阴天。2.Lovelyweather,isn’tit?天气真好，是吗？3.Itlookslikerain.看起来要下雨。4.It’srainingcatsanddogs.正是瓢泼大雨。5.Itseemstobecleaningup.天似乎要转晴。6.It’sblowinghard.风刮得很大。7.It’ssnowingheavily.正在下大雪。8.Thesnowwon’tlastlong.雪不会持续太久。9.It’sveryfoggy.雾很大。10.Thefogisbeginningtolift.正在收雾。11.It’sthunderingandlightening.雷电交加。12.What’stheweatherliketoday?今天天气怎么样？13.What’stheweatherreportfortomorrow?天气预报明天怎么样？14.It’squitedifferentfromtheweatherreport.这和天气预报相差很大。15.It’sratherchangeable.天气变化无常。16.What’sthetemperature?温度是多少？17.It’stwobelowzero.零下二度。18.Thetemperaturehasdroppedalottoday.今天温度低多了。Unit7Whatdoeshelooklike?一．短语1looklike看起来像....2curly/short/straight/longhair卷／短／直发3mediumheight/build中等高度／身体4alittlebit一点儿…5apopsinger一位流行歌手6haveanewlook呈现新面貌7goshopping(dosomeshopping)去购物8thecaptainofthebasketballteam篮球队队长9bepopularwithsb为---所喜爱10stoptodosth停下来去做某事11stopdoingsth停止正在做的事情12telljokes/stories讲笑话/讲故事13havefundoingsth愉快地做某事14remember(forget)todosth记得（忘记）做某事（没有做的）15remember(forget)doingsth记得（忘记）做过某事（已做）16oneof------中的一个二．本单元的重点句：1Isthatyourfriend?No,itisn’t.2Whatdoesshelooklike?3IthinkIknowher.(Idon’tthinkIknowher.)4WangLinisthecaptainofthebasketballteam.5She’salittlebitquiet.6XuQianlovestotelljokes.7Sheneverstopstalking.8Shelikesreadingandplayingchess.9Idon’tthinkhe’ssogreat.10Icangoshoppingandnobodyknowsme.11Nowhehasanewlook.三．重难点解析1Whatdoes/do+主语+looklike?询问某人的外貌特征，看上去什么样？Eg:Whatdoesyourfriendlooklike?2形容头发时，可按照先长短，后曲直，最后说颜色的顺序说。Eg:Shehaslongcurlyblackhair.3oneof+名词复数，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。Eg:Oneofhisfriendsisaworker.4不定代词做主语时，谓语动词要用“单三”形式。修饰不定代词词，应该放在它的后面．Eg:Icangoshoppingandnobodyknowsme.5．Heis…(通常为形容词，包括身高、体形等)Hehas…（通常为形容词修饰的名词，包括头发、五官）Hewears…（穿、戴、留。可以是衣服、帽子、鞋子等，也可以是眼镜、手表、胡须）6．Idon’tthink…的用法表达否定的看法Idon’tthinksheisgood-looking.Unit8I＇dlikesomenoodles一．短语1．beefandtomatonoodles＼noodleswithbeefandtomato牛肉西红柿面chickenandcabbagenoodlesmuttonandpotatonoodlestomatoandeggnoodlesbeefandcarrotnoodles2．wouldliketodosthwanttodosth想要作某事3．whatkindofnoodles什么种类的面条4．whatsizebowlofnoodles什么大小碗型的面5．alarge＼mediumsmallbowlofnoodles大＼中＼小碗的面6．icecream冰淇淋orangejuice桔汁greentea绿茶RMB人民币phonenumber7．HouseofDumplings＼noodles饺子＼面馆DessertHouse甜点屋二．重点句型1．Whatkindofvegetablesmeatdrinkfoodwouldyoulike?I’dlike……I’dlikechickenandcabbagenoodles.2.Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?I’dlikebeefnoodles.3.Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?I’dlikechickenandcabbagenoodles.4.Whatsizebowlplateofnoodleswouldyoulike?I’dlikealargemediumsmallbowlmoodes.5.Whatsizecakewouldyoulike?Iwouldlikeasmallbirthday-cake.三．重难点解析1．wouldlike想要（表示一种委婉的语气）其用法相当于want.wouldlike+名词wouldlikeanapple(wantanapple)wouldliketodosthHewouldliketoplaysoccer.----Wouldyouliketoseethedolphins?----Yes,I’dliketo.（1）would是情态动词，没有人称和数的变化，可与人称代词缩写为’d,与其它情态动词一样可帮助完成疑问句和否定句。（你能举出例子吗？）我想要些牛肉。I’dlikesomebeef.她想去打乒乓球。Shewouldliketoplayping-pang.（你能变否定句和疑问句吗？）（2)Wouldyoulikesth.?是提建议的一种句型，如需用一些，用some而不用any.肯定回答是：Yes,please./Allright./Yes./OK.其否定回答是：No,thanks.2．Whatkindofnoodleswouldyoulike?kind在此句中作“种类”讲，akindof一种，allkindsof各种各样的。kindof有几分Acatisakindofanimal.ThereareallkindsofanimalsinthezooThecatiskindofsmart.3．CanIhelpyou?你要买什么肯定Yes,please.Iwouldlike……否定No,thanks.人教版初一英语句型转换专练A.将下列句子改为否定句。(每空一词)1.Theyarecleaningtheclassroom.Theycleaningtheclassroom.2.Icanfindmywatch.Ifindmywatch.3.Sheiswearingasweatertoday.Shewearingasweatertoday.4.Therearesomebananasonthetable.Therearebananasonthetable.5.Thereisabottleandaglassunderthechair.There______abottle_____aglassunderthechair.6.ShecanspeakalittleChinesenow.She______________speakalittleChinesenow.7.Hehasteaintheafternoon.He______________teaintheafternoon.8.Theyknowmeverywell.They__________meverywell.9.Mysisterlikesmeatverymuch.Mysister___________meatverymuch.10.Ithinkheisright.I_____________he_______right.11.Pleaseputthesebooksinthebox.__________thesebooksinthebox.12.Iwantsomemilk.I_____________________milk.13.Gototheclassroom.___________totheclassroom.14.Therearesomeapplesinthebasket.There____________applesinthebasket.15.TheyarewatchingTVnow.They___________watchingTVnow.B.将下列句子改为一般疑问句。(每空一词)1.Thereisariverinthepicture.ariverinthepicture?2.Therearesomeboysintheroom.boysintheroom?3.Theyaresingingoverthere.overthere?4.IaminClassTwo.inClassTwo?5.TomandJimstayinChinanow._____TomandJimstayinChinanow?6.Helikesmeatalot._____he______meatalot?7.AmericansspeakAmericanEnglish._______Americans_______AmericanEnglish?8.Theboyhasmanyfriends._______theboy______manyfriends?9.LinTaooftendoeshishomeworkat7∶00.______LinTaooften______hishomeworkat7:00?10.Hebuyssomeeggseveryweek.heeggseveryweek?11.MissGaooftenbuysthingsintheshop.________MissGaooften________thingsintheshop?12.Jimusuallyhasbreakfastatsixinthemorning.________Jimusually________breakfastinthemorning?13.HanMeiisdoingherhomeworkathome._______HanMei______herhomeworkathome?14.LilyandLucywantsomeapples.LilyandLucywantapples?15.Theyarebuyingalotofthingsfromtheshop.______they______alotofthongsfromtheshop?C.对划线部分提问。(每空一词)1.Therearefortystudentsinourclass.studentsinyourclass?2.Sheismakingcakes.she?3.ThisisJim'sbedroom.bedroomthis?4.Theyellowcoatishers.coatishers?5.Thisshirtiswhite.isthisshirt?6.TomcanspeakChineseandEnglish(对划线部分提问)_______languagecanTomspeak?7.ThetwinscomefromtheU.S.A(同上)__________thetwinscomefrom?8.Ilikethesepostcardsverymuch.___________youlikethesepostcards?9.Ilikethepicturesinthisbook.._____________youlikeinthisbook?10.WeteachthemEnglish.______teachthemEnglish?11.WegooutonSundays._____________yougoout?12.Mysisterlikesbreadverymuch.___________yoursisterlikebread?13.Shedoesn'tlikericeornoodlesatall.__________shelikeatall?14.Theboyhasmanyfriends.__________friends_____theboy______?15.Therearenineteenstudentsinmyclass.___________studentsarethereinyourclass?16.Theyliketoeatdifferentkindsoffood.____________they______toeat?17.IamlearningEnglishnow.____________you_______now?18.TheyteachmeChineseathome.___________theyyouEnglish?19.IlearnChineseatschool.___________youlearnChinese?20.OurChineseteacher'snameisJoyWang.______isyourChineseteacher’sname?21.Shelikestohavericeforeverymeal.____________she______tohavefroeverymeal?22.IlikethediningroomverymuchbecauseIlikeeating.____________you_____dinningroomverymuch?23.Theyliketoeatdifferentkindsoffood.___________they_____toeat?24.Iusuallygotoschoolatthistime.____________youusually______toschool?25.Iwanttofinishmyhomework.___________youwantto______?26.Heusuallyhaslunchat7∶00.____________doeshe_____lunch?27.Theyleaveschoolatsixo'clock.___________they______atsixo’clcok?28.Jimgoestoschooleveryday._____________Jim________everyday?29.Kategetsupatsixinthemorningonweekdays.__________________Kate_____upinthemorningonweekdays?30.Hewantstoeatsomebread.__________he______toeat?31.Theshopsellsbooksandschoolthings.theshop?32.Tomhaseggsandmeatforlunch.Tomforlunch?33.Thefishissixyuanakilo.thefish?34.MrReadwouldliketwokilosoffish?_____kilosoffishMrsRead?35.Iwanttobuytwokilosofmeat.youwant?36.Wecanbuymanythingsintheshop.buymanythings?37.Mysisterwantsthreepears.(提问)________________pearsdoes________sisterwant?38.ThemanonthebikeisKatesfather.________________isKate'sfather?39.Thechildrenarelisteningtotheteacher.____________thechildren______?40.IlikeChinaverymuch._________you______China?1.Iknowtheanswer.(一般疑问句)____________knowtheanswer?2.Wecanseesomebirds.(一般疑问句)____________see______birds?3.Thereisacomputerinmyhouse.(一般疑问句)____________acomputerinhouse?4.Therearesomeflowersontheteachers’desk.(一般疑问句)__________________flowersontheteachers’desk?5.Therearesomeapplesonthetree.(否定式)There__________________applesonthetree.6.Ithinkheisveryold.(否定句)I______thinkhe______veryold.7.Pleasecolouritgreen.(否定句)____________colouritgreen.8.WecanspeakgoodEnglish.(变否定句)We____________speakgoodEnglish.9.Thankyouforhelpingme.(同义句)Thankyoufor____________.10.Therearen’tanypearsinthebox.(同义句)Thereare______pearsinthebox.11.Whosearetheseclothes?(同义句)____________arethese?12.Letmelookatyourbook.(同义句)Letme________________________yourbook.13.Hersweaterisred.(对划线部分提问)____________ishersweater?14.Mypencilsareinthepencil-box.(对划线部分提问)____________yourpencils?15.Igetupatsixeveryday.(对划线部分提问)____________doyougetupeveryday?16.Therearefiftystudentsinmyclass.(对划线部分提问)____________studentsarethereinyourclass?17.Thesearecars.(用buses改写成选择疑问句)Arethesecars____________?18.Thebookisinmyschoolbag.(变否定疑问句)______thebookinyourschool-bag?19.Twoboysareinourhouse.(改为therebe句型)____________twoboysinourhouse.20.Can’tyoufindthemap?(作肯定回答)______,I______.Ⅰ.教材回眸◆知识要点回顾◆1.Couldyou…?（你/你们……好吗？）句型多用来表示请求，这里的could比can语气更加委婉、客气和有礼貌，肯定回答多为：OK/Allright!/Certainly!/Ofcourse.否定回答常是：Sorry,I/wecan’t.（不用couldn’t）。如：—Couldyoulendmeyourdictionary?—Ofcourse.2.one不仅可用作基数词表“一”之意，也能用作代词替代前面所提可数名词中的“一个”或代指“任何人”。例：1)Oneandtwoisthree.一加二等于三。2)Idon’thavepens.Pleasegiveonetome.我没有钢笔，请给我一支。3)Onemustloveone’scountry.任何人都必须爱国。3.You’rewelcome.用来回答对方的感谢时，相当于That’sOK./that’sallright./Notatall.。如：—Thankyouverymuch.—You’rewelcome.4.too这个副词作“太”讲时通常修饰形容词或副词（放在其前）；作“也”讲时多位于句尾（其前用逗号隔开）。例：1）Yourbagistoobig.你的包太大。2）Yourbagisbig,too.你的包也大。5.当名词前有定冠词、指示代词和物主代词修饰时，all习惯上放在这些限定词之前。例：allmybooks（我所有的书）。6.theother通常表示两者（部分）中的“另外那个（些）”，而不带定冠词的other多用来泛指“另一些”。试比较：1)ThetwinsareEnglish.OneisLucy,theotherisLily.这对双胞胎是英国人，一个叫露西，另一个叫莉莉。2)Ihavemanyfriends.Someareteachers,othersarepolicemen.我有很多朋友，一些是教师，另一些是警察。7.socks,shoes,trousers,glasses（眼镜）等表示两部分构成的整体东西的名词习惯上用复数形式，如果指“一双（副）”，应用apairof短语修饰。例：apairofsocks（一双短袜），apairofglasses（一副眼镜）等。Apairofshoesisunderthebed.8.当询问“某人（物）怎么啦？”时，句型常用What’swrongwith…?这里的疑问词what不可受汉语的影响误用how。例：—What’swrongwithyourkite?你的风筝怎么啦？—It’sbroken.它坏了。9.worry作及物动词用时其后习惯上只接人作宾语，意为“使……担心”；worry用作不及物动词其后能接人或物作宾语，但必须用介词about，意为“担心……”。例：1)Theseapplesworryme.这些苹果使我担心。2)Don’tworryaboutmylessons.别担心我的功课。10.tea,milk,bread,water,meat,rice等物质名词均为不可数名词，此类名词无复数形式，其前不可用不定冠词、基数词、指示代词等直接修饰，若表示它们的数量，其前必须加“计量名词+of”短语。例：abottleoforange（一瓶桔汁），twocupsoftea（两杯茶）。但是常可以用：twocupsoftea=twoteas两杯茶11.It’stime…句型后接名词或代词时要用for（介词），后接动词必须用to（不定式符号），这里的主语it不可换用另的代词，且time前习惯上不用冠词。例：1)It’stimeforclass.该上课了。2)It’stimetoplaygames.是做游戏的时候了。注意：Itistimeforsbtodo该某人干……12.somethingtoeat(drink)意为“吃（喝）的东西”，toeat(drink)为不定式作后置定语修饰不定代词something。例：Wehavesomethingtoeatnow.现在我们有东西吃。Ⅱ.典题赏析◆交际能力与测试指要◆（1）根据所设情景选择最佳答案。如：1.—______?—It’seightthirty.A.HowoldisyoursisterB.WhatclassareyouinC.What’sthetime,pleaseD.Whatnumberisyourcar2.当你有事想问别人，应先说声：______.A.ExcusemeB.I’msorryC.HelloD.OK（2）根据对话情景，补全对话。如：Kate:Hi,Jim.(1)?Jim:Fine,thankyou.Andyou?Kate:I’mfine,too.(2)?Jim:Verywell,thanksKate:(3)?Jim:ClassFour.Kate:(4)?Jim:RoomFive.Kate:Oh,Isee.A.WhichishereclassroomB.HowisyoursisterC.HowareyoutodayD.Whatclassisshein解答“情景交际”题首先要清楚所设的情景是哪一类交际项目；其次要清楚在哪种情景下该说什么话，该如何表达自己的思想；还要清楚上下文情景的关系。具体题还要具体对待。上面题型（1）中的第2小题，直接选A就行了。而第1小题就必须先辨别A、B、C、D四个选项各是什么意思，然后看答句的表达形式，才能依据交际常识判断是C。第（2）小题的一组对话设计了四个问句，这样的题则要根据上下文的内容和交际习惯，与对话一一对应。选完后一定要默默读上两遍，细心体会一下语感，认真检查一下有无疏漏，最后确定。如果试题有图片，要善于利用图片上的信息，帮助答题，要善于从情景中悟出“天机”。◆交际英语讲练◆※问候(Greetings)1.“Howareyou?”“______”A.Howdoyoudo?B.Howareyou?C.I‘mfine,thankyou.D.Whatdoyoudo?※介绍(Introductions)2.—LiPing,______.—Nicetomeetyou,ZhangHong.A.that’smyfriend,ZhangHongB.thisisZhangHongC.sheisZhangHongD.IintroduceZhangHongtoyou3.“Nicetomeetyou.”“_______”A.Isthatso?B.I‘vegotacough.C.Yes,doplease.D.Nicetomeetyou,goo.※打电话(Makingtelephonecalls)4.“Hello,5847552.”“Hi!_____”A.AreyouLinda?B.Whoareyou?C.IamDavid.D.IsthatLindaspeaking?5.—ThisisJohnspeaking.Whoisthat?—_____A.ThisisBill.B.IamBill.C.YouareBill.D.Whereisbill?6.—CouldIspeaktoheadmaster?—______please.A.HoldonforamomentB.SpeakloudlyC.HeisatworkD.What’swrong?7.A:Hello!CouldIspeaktoMissGrey,please?B:______A.I‘mMissGrey.B.Yes,youcould.C.SPeaking.D.Whoareyou?答案与简析：1.C。“Howareyou?”是熟人之间常用的客套招呼语，答语常用“Fine,thankyou.”或“Verywell,thankyou.”表示问候的用语还有“Goodmorning/afternoon/evening.Hello/Hi.”等，答语须重复原话。2.B。介绍某人，常用句型“Thisis...”。自我介绍则用“Mynameis...”或“I’m...”。3.D。“Nicetomeetyou.”一般在两人初次见面被互相介绍后使用，其答语为“Nicetomeetyou,too.”。“Howdoyoudo?”和“Gladtomeetyou.”也属于介绍用语。4.D。打电话时，欲问对方是谁，应说“Whoisthat(speaking)?”。5.A。打电话时，欲说“我是……”，应说“Thisis...”。6.A。接电话时，若想请对方别挂断或稍等，应说“Holdon(foramoment),please.”。7.C。接电话时，若你正是对方要找的人，可说“请讲”(Speaking.)；若对方要找的人不在，可说“He/Sheisn‘thererightnow.CanItakeamessageforyou?”。Ⅲ.语法透视◆不可数名词用法举要◆不可以用数目来计算的名词称为不可数名词。学习不可数名词时，应注意以下几点：▲不可数名词没有复数形式。如：somemeat,somebread,不可说somemeats,somebreads。▲不可数名词不能不定冠词a,an及数词修饰，但可用some,any,much（许多），alotof（许多），alittle（一点）等直接修饰。如：我们不可以说atea,twomilk,但可以说sometea,muchmeat。▲不可数名词前通常用量词来表示具体的数。如：aglassofwater,twocupsoftea,fivepiecesofbread。需要注意的是：类似短语中的介词of不能省去，当数词大于“一”时，量词需要用复数形式。▲不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Theseissomewaterinthebottle.瓶里有些水。Isthereanyriceinthebag?袋子里有米吗？▲若不可数名词前有复数数量词修饰时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：Therearethreebottlesoforangeonthetable.桌上有三瓶桔汁。试比较：Thereissomeorangeonthetable.▲对不可数名词前的修饰语提问，疑问词用howmuch。例如：Theywanttwocupsoftea.→Howmuchteadotheywant?Thereissomemilkintheglass.→Howmuchmilkisthereistheglass?▲对不可数名词前量词部分的修饰语提问题，疑问词用howmany。例如：Theywanttwocupsoftea.→Howmanycupsofteadotheywant?▲不可数名词表示特指时可用定冠词the修饰。例如：ThebreadonthetableisLiLei’s.桌上的面包是李磊的。▲有些名词即可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，但意思却大不相同。如：glass作可数名词，意思是“玻璃杯”，作为不可数名词，意思是“玻璃”；room作可数名词，意思是“房间”，作不可数名词，意思是“空间”。Ihavemanyfriendsbreadmeatmilkfish（面包）（肉）（牛奶）（鱼）Ⅳ.难词解码◆some与any之区别◆some和any都有“一些”的意思，都可作形容词、代词，可修饰或代替可数名词的复数形式或不可数名词，但两者用法不同。一、some一般用于肯定句中。例如：Icanseesomeflowers.我能直到一些花。Thereissomemilkintheglass.杯子里有一些牛奶。二、any一般用于否定句和疑问句中。例如：—Canyouseeanybreadonthetable?你看到桌子上有面包吗？—Yes,Icanseesome.是的，我看到一些。—Canyouseeanygirlsinthepicture?你能看到图画上的女孩吗？—No,Ican’tseeany.不，我一个也看不到。三、some可用于表示请求、邀请、希望得到肯定答复的一般疑问句中。例如：—Canyougivemesomebread?你能给我一些面包吗？—Certainly.Hereyouare.当然可以，给你。Wouldyoulikesomebread?你想要些面包吗？同学们，请看，Polly给我们编出了一句顺口溜：some用于肯定句，疑问句、否定用any，请求、邀请与期待，仍用some代any。◆doyoulike与wouldyoulike◆Doyoulike…?意为“你喜欢……吗？”“你爱……吗？”等，是提问者问对方习惯上喜爱什么，并不指目前一时爱好。其后常跟或doing结构作宾语。例：Doyoulikemeat?你喜欢吃肉吗？Doyoulikeplayingbasketball?你喜欢打篮球吗？其肯定回答为Yes,Ido.;否定回答为No.Idon’t.。Wouldyoulike…?意为“你想要……吗？”“你愿意……吗？”，指说话人委婉地向对方提出请求或建议，是指目前的情况，其后常跟名词或todo结构作宾语。例：Wouldyoulikesomeapples?你卢吃一些苹果吗？Wouldyouliketohaveacupoftea？你想喝杯茶吗？其肯定回答是Yes,please.或Yes,I’dlike/loveto.;否定回答是No,thanks./thankyou.或Yes,I’dliketo,but…等。例：A:Wouldyoulikeabottleoforange?B:Yes,please./No,thanks.wouldlike还可缩写为’dlike。例：I’dliketohaveacupoftea.Ⅴ.幽默趣赏◆Tom’sAnswer◆Tom:Dad,blackhensaremorecleverthanwhitehens,aren‘tthey?Dad:Howdoyouknowit,Tom?Tom:Well,blackhenscanlaywhiteeggs,butwhitehenscan’tlayblackeggs.汤姆的回答汤姆：爸爸，黑母鸡比白母鸡聪明，不是吗?爸爸：你是怎么知道的，汤姆?汤姆：喏，黑母鸡能下白色的蛋，而白母鸡不能下黑色的蛋。◆TheRedInk◆Bob:Mum,I‘mmakingapictureofmyfather.Whereistheredink?Mum:Whatdoyouwanttodowiththeredink?Bob:I’llcolourhisnosered.红墨水鲍勃：妈妈，我正在画一张爸爸的像，红墨水在哪里?妈妈：你用红墨水干什么?鲍勃：我要把他的鼻子着成红色。◆Adishonestcat◆一只不诚实的猫1.Therelivesacatinthecountry.Itlikestellinglies,sothatitglossesoveritsmistakes.在乡下，有一只猫，它喜欢说谎，以便掩盖自己的过失。2.Whenitcatchesarat,theratgetsaway.Itsays,“Youaretoothin.Iwon’tcatchyouuntilyoubecomefat.”它捉老鼠时，老鼠逃跑了。它说：“你太瘦了，等你肥了我再捉你。”3.Itclimbsupatreetocatchbirds,thebirdsfliesaway,anditfallsoffthetree.Itsays初级中学七年级（下）英语考试卷（满分：100分）一.选择填空：从A、B、C、D中，选出一个最佳答案完成句子。(15%)1.Aworksinarestaurant.A.reporterB.waiterC.teacherD.doctor2.Isthere______fruitshopnearhere?Yes,there’sonenearhere.A.aB.theC.anD./3.Rickusually______upat5:30onweekdays.A.getB.getsC.gotD.getting.4.Myhouseis______thepostofficeandthebank..A.onB.inC.betweenD.over5.--___________?--Becausetheyareverycute.A.Whatisit?B.Wherearetheyfrom?C.Whydoyoulikepandas?D.Howdoyoulikepandas?6.Doyouwantto______Englishwithme?A.askB.speakC.talkD.say7.--Isthereabankoverthere?--___________.A.Yes,there’sB.No,therearen’tC.Yes,thereisD.No,itisn’t8.–HowistheweatherinHarbin?--It’s_________.A.snowB.snowingC.snowsD.tosnow9.Look!Burtonis_________photosoftheEiffelTower.A.havingB.makingC.watchingD.taking10.--_________arethechildrendoingnow?--They’replayingfootballontheplayground.A.WhatB.WhereC.WhenD.How11.–WhereisTokyo?--Iknowit’sin_______.A.FranceB.BrazilC.KoreaD.Japan12.–IsthatMr.Smith?--Yes,he______abeard.A.isB.hasC.takeslikes13.–It’scoldoutside.You’dbetter_______yourgloves.A.wearB.inC.withD.puton14.Please_______,becausethisisareadingroom.A.quietB.tobequietC.bequietD.toquiet15.Justgostraightand________left.A.goB.comeC.takeD.turn二.完形填空：从A、B、C、D中，选择一个最佳答案，使短文意思完整。(15%)I’mLiFen.Ihaveapenpal.16nameisMary.SheisfromCanada.ShelivesinToronto.ShespeaksEnglish.Shehas17brother,butshehasnosisters.Herfavorite18isart.Twoofmygoodfriends19penpals,too.LuYang’spenpalisfrom_20__.HisnameisTony.TonylivesinParis.Hespeaks21.Hehasonebrotherandone22.HisfavoritesubjectisPE.Andhecanplaysoccervery23.DingLan’spenpalisfrom__24__.HernameisWendy.WendycanspeakChineseandEnglish.She25nobotherorsister.Herfavoritesubjectishistory.16.A.HisB.MyC.HerD.My17.A.noB.oneC.twoD.three18.A.bookB.subjectC.actorD.movie19.A.haveB.has