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新视野大学英语第三册课文原文加翻译新视野大学英语第三册课文原文加翻译新视野大学英语第三册课文原文加翻译xxx公司新视野大学英语第三册课文原文加翻译文件编号:文件日期:修订次数:第1.0次更改批准审核制定方案设计,管理制度新视野大学英语第三册课文翻译Unit1AMybrother,Jimmy,didnotgetenoughoxygenduringadifficultdelivery,leavinghimwithbraindamage,andtwoyearslaterIwasborn.Sincethen,myliferevolvedaroundmybrother’s.Accompanyingmygrowingupwasalways“gooutandplayandtakeyourbrotherwithyou”.Icouldn’tgoanywherewithouthim,soIurgedtheneighborhoodkidstocometomyhouseforsomeout-of-controlkid-centeredfun我哥哥吉米出生时遇上难产,因为缺氧导致大脑受损。两年后,我出生了.从此以后,我的生活便围绕我哥哥转。伴随我成长的,是“到外面去玩,把你哥哥也带上。”不带上他,我是哪里也去不了的。因此,我怂恿邻居的孩子到我家来,尽情地玩孩子们玩的游戏。MymothertaughtJimmypracticalthingslikehowtobrushhisteethorputonbelt.Myfather,asaint,simplyheldthehousetogetherwithhispatienceandunderstanding.IwasinchargeoutsidewhereIadministeredjusticebytrackingdowntheparentsofthekidswhopickedonmybrother,andtellingonthem.我母亲教吉米学习日常自理,比如刷牙或系皮带什么的.我父亲宅心仁厚,他的耐心和理解使一家人心贴着心。我则负责外面的事,找到那些欺负我哥哥的孩子们的父母,告他们的状,为我哥哥讨回公道。MyfatherandJimmywereinseparable.Theyatebreakfasttogetherandonweekdaysdroveofftothenavyshippingcentereverymorningwheretheybothworked-Jimmyunloadedcolor-codedboxes.Atnightafterdinner,theywouldtalkandplaygameslateintotheevening.Theyevenwhistledthesametunes.父亲和吉米形影不离。他们一道吃早饭,平时每天早上一道开车去海军航运中心,他们都在那里工作,吉米在那搬卸标有彩色代号的箱子。晚饭后,他们一道交谈,玩游戏,直到深夜。他们甚至用口哨吹相同的曲调。Sowhenmyfatherdiedofaheartattackin1991,Jimmywasawreck,beneathhiscarefuldisguise.Hewassimplyindisbelief.Usuallyveryagreeable,henowquitspeakingaltogetherandnoamountofwordscouldpenetratethevacantexpressionheworeonhisface.Ihiredsomeonetolivewithhimanddrivehimtowork,butnomatterhowmuchItriedtomakethingsstaythesame,evenJimmygraspedthattheworldhe’dknownwasgone.OnedayIasked,”YoumissDad,don’tyou?”Hislipsquiveredandthenheasked,“Whatdoyouthink,Margaret
Hewasmybestfriend.”Ourtearsbeganflow.所以,父亲1991年因心脏病去世时,吉米几乎崩溃了,尽管他尽量不表现出来。他就是不能相信父亲去世这一事实。通常,他是一个令人愉快的人,现在却一言不发,无论说多少话都不能透过他木然的脸部表情了解他的心事。我雇了一个人和他住在一起,开车送他去上班。然而,不管我怎么努力地维持原状,吉米还是认为他熟悉的世界已经消失了。有一天,我问他:“你是不是想念爸爸”他的嘴唇颤抖了几下,然后问我:“你怎么看,玛格丽特他是我最好的朋友。”接着,我俩都流下了眼泪。
MymotherdiedoflungcancersixmonthslaterandIalonewaslefttolookafterJimmy.六个月后,母亲因肺癌去世,剩下我一人来照顾吉米。Hedidn’tadjusttogoingtoworkwithoutmyfatherrightaway,sohecameandlivedwithmeinNewYorkCityforawhile.HewentwhereverIwentandseemedtoadjustprettywell.Still,Jimmylongedtoliveinmyparents’houseandworkathisoldjobandIpledgedtohelphimreturn.Eventually,Iwasabletoworkitout.Hehaslivedtherefor11yearsnowwithmanydifferentcaretakersandblossomedonhisown.Hehasbecomeessentialtotheneighborhood.Whenyouhaveanymailtobepickeduporyourdogneedswalking,heisyourman.吉米不能马上适应去上班时没有父亲陪着,因此搬来纽约和我一起住了一段时间。我走到哪里他就跟到哪里,他好像适应得很好。但吉米依然想住在我父母的房子里,继续干他原来的工作。我答应把他送回去。此事最后做成了。如今,他在那里生活了11年,在许多人的照料下,同时依靠自己生活得有声有色。他已成了邻里间不可或缺的人物。如果你有邮件要收,或有狗要遛,他就是你所要的人。Mymotherwasright,ofcourse:Itwaspossibletohaveahomewithroomforbothhislimitationsandmyambitions.Infact,caringforsomeonewholovesasdeeplyandappreciatesmyeffortsasmuchasJimmydoeshasenrichedmylifemorethananythingelseevercouldhave.当然,母亲的话没错:可以有一个家,既能容纳他的缺陷又能装下我的雄心。事实上,关照像吉米这样一个深爱又感激我的人,更加丰富了我的生活,其他任何东西都不能与之相比。ThishithomeafewdaysaftertheSeptember11thdisasteronJimmy’s57thbirthday.IhadapartyforhiminmyhomeinNewYork,butnoneofourfamilycouldjoinusbecausetravelwasdifficultandtheywerestillreckoningwiththesheerterrorthedisasterhadbrought.Icalledonmyfaithfulfriendstohelpmakeitamerryandfestiveoccasion,ignoringthefactthatmostofthemwereemotionallydrainedandexhausted.Insteadofthecustomary“Nogifts,please”,Ishouted,“Gifts!Please!”这一点,在9?11灾难后几天更显真切。那天是吉米57岁生日。我在纽约自己的家里为他举办生日宴会,但是我们家的人都没能来参加,因为交通困难,而且灾难带来的恐惧使他们依然心有余悸。我邀请了我的好友,请他们来帮忙把宴会弄得热闹些,增加点欢快气氛,没去理会他们多数人在情感上都有些疲惫这一事实。于是我一反常态,没说“请不要带礼物”,而是向他们喊“请带礼物来”。Myfriends-peopleJimmyhadcometoknowovertheyears-broughttheidealpresents:countrymusicCDs,asweatshirt,oneleatherbeltwith“J-I-M-M-Y”onit,aknittedwoolhatandacowboycostume.Theeveningleduptothegiftsandthenthechocolatecakefromhisfavoritebakery,andofcoursetheceremonywasn’tcompletewithoutthesinging.我的朋友──吉米认识他们多年了──带来了中意的礼物:乡村音乐CD、一件长袖运动衫、一条有“吉米”字样的皮带、一顶编织的羊毛帽,还有一套牛仔服。那天晚上,我们先是送礼物,然后是切从他喜欢的面包店里买来的巧克力蛋糕,当然还唱了“生日歌”,否则宴会就不算完整了。AthousandtimesJimmyasked,”Isittimeforthecakeyet?”AfterdinnerandthegiftsJimmycouldnolongerberestrained.Heanxiouslywaitedforthecandlestobelitandthenblewthemoutwithonelongbreathaswellallsang“Happybirthday”.Jimmywasn’tsatisfiedwithoureffort,though.Hejumpeduponthechairandstooderectpointingbothindexfingersintotheairtoconductusandyelled,”One…more…time!”Wesangwithalloftheenergyleftinoursoulsandwhenwewerefinishedheputbothhisthumbsupandshouted.“Thatwassuper!”吉米一次次地问:“该切蛋糕了吧”等用完餐和送完礼物后,吉米再也控制不住了。他焦急地等着点上蜡烛,然后在我们“生日快乐”的歌声中,一口长气吹灭了蜡烛。户然而吉米对我们的努力还是感到不满足。他纵身跳到椅子上,直挺着身子,双手食指朝天,一边喊一边指挥我们唱歌:“再──来──次!”我们全力以赴地唱。待我们唱完时,他翘起两个拇指喊道:“好极了!”Wehadwantedtolethimknowthatnomatterhowdifficultthingsgotintheworld,therewouldalwaysbepeoplewhocaredabouthim.Weendedupremindingourselvesinstead.ForJimmy,thelovewithwhichwesangwasawelcomebonus,butmostlyhehadjustwantedtoseeeveryoneelsehappyagain.本来我们想让他知道,无论世上有多难的事情,总是有人来关心他。现在反倒是提醒了我们自己。对于吉米来说,我们唱歌时的爱心,是他心中额外的礼物,但是他原先更想看到的,是别人再次感到快乐。Justasmyfather’sdeathhadchangedJimmy’sworldovernight,September11thchangedourlives;theworldwe’dknownwasgone.But,aswesangforJimmyandheldeachtightafterwardprayingforpeacearoundtheworld,wewereremindedthattheconstantloveandsupportofourfriendsandfamilywouldgetusthroughwhateverlifemightpresent.ThesimplicitywithwhichJimmyhadreconciledeverythingforusshouldnothavebeensurprising.TherehadneverbeenlimitationstowhatJimmy’slovecouldaccomplish.有如父亲的去世一夜之间改变了吉米的世界,9?11也改变了我们的生活;我们熟悉的世界不复存在了。但是,当我们为吉米唱歌,相互紧拥,祈祷全球和平时,我们也意识到,朋友、家人间永恒的爱和支持可以让我们克服生活中的任何困难。吉米以朴素的方式为我们协调了眼前的一切,他做到这一点并不令人吃惊。吉米的爱可以征服一切,这是任何东西都限制不了的。Unit2ASportsmedicineexpertshaveobservedforyearsthatenduranceathletes,particularlyfemales,frequentlyhaveirondeficiencies.NowanewstudybyateamofPurdueUniversity运动医学专家经过多年的观察,发现耐力运动员,特别是女性,经常会缺铁。普渡大学研究人员进行的一项新的研究表明:即使是适度的锻炼,也可能会降低女性血液中的铁含量。"Wefoundthatwomenwhowerenormallyinactiveandthenstartedaprogramofmoderateexerciseshowedevidenceofironloss,"saysRoseanneM.Lyle,associateprofessoratPurdue.Herstudyof62formerlyinactivewomenwhobeganexercisingthreetimesaweekforsixmonthswaspublishedinthejournalMedicine&ScienceinSports&Exercise.“我们发现,那些通常不运动的女性一旦开始适度的锻炼,就会出现铁含量下降的迹象,”普渡大学罗斯安妮?M.莱尔副教授说。她对62名妇女进行了研究,并将研究结果发表在《体育运动医学与科学》杂志上。这些妇女原先不怎么运动,后来开始了为期6个月、每周3次的锻炼。"Womenwhoconsumedadditionalmeatortookironsupplementswereabletobounceback,"shenotes."Butthenewexerciserswhofollowedtheirnormaldietshowedadecreaseinironlevels."莱尔指出:“那些增食肉类食品或服用铁质补剂的女性能够恢复到健康状态。但突然参加锻炼却仍沿用旧食谱的人则显示出铁含量降低。”Irondeficiencyisverycommonamongwomeningeneral,affectingoneinfourfemaleteenagersandoneinfivewomenaged18to45,respectively.Buttheratioisevengreateramongactivewomen,affectingupto80percentoffemaleenduranceathletes.Thismeans,Lylesays,that"toomanywomenignoretheamountofirontheytakein";.Womenofchild-bearingageareatgreatestrisk,sincetheirmonthlybleedingisamajorsourceofironloss.Plus,manyhealth-consciouswomenincreasetheirriskbyrejectingredmeat,whichcontainsthemosteasilyabsorbedformofiron.Andbecausewomenoftenrestricttheirdietinanefforttocontrolweight,theymaynotconsumeenoughiron-richfood,andareliabletoexperienceadeficiency.缺铁在女性中是很常见的,每四个十几岁的少女中有一人缺铁,每五个18至45岁的女性中有一人缺铁。而在积极锻炼的妇女中这一比例更高,女耐力运动员中,缺铁者比例则高达80%。莱尔说,这意味着“太多女性忽视了自己摄入的铁含量”。
育龄女性危险最大,因为月经是铁流失的重要原因之一。此外,许多保健意识太强的女性也很危险,因为她们拒绝食用牛肉或羊肉,而这些肉中含有的铁最易被吸收。而且,由于女性常常为了控制体重而节食,从而未能摄取足够的含铁丰富的食物,结果可能导致缺铁。"Theaveragewomantakesinonlytwothirdsoftherecommendeddailyallowanceforiron,"notesanotherexpert."Forawomanwhoalreadyhasapoorironstatus,anyadditionalironlossfromexercisemaybeenoughtotipherovertheedgeintoamoreseriousdeficiency,"notestheexpert.
另一名专家指出,“普通女性每天摄入的铁只是应摄入量的三分之二。”
他指出,“对于那些已经缺铁的女性,任何因锻炼而产生的更多铁质流失都足以导致体内缺铁状况的恶化。”运动可能通过多种机制导致铁流失。Exercisecanresultinironlossthroughavarietyofmechanisms.Someironislostinsweat,and,forunknownreasons,intenseenduranceexerciseissometimesassociatedwithbleedingofthedigestivesystem.Athletesinhigh-impactsportssuchasrunningmayalsoloseironthroughaphenomenonwheresmallbloodvesselsinthefeetleakblood.有些铁随汗液流失。另外,由于某些未知的原因,高强度的耐力运动有时会引起消化系统内出血。运动员从事跑步之类高强度剧烈运动,也可能会因为足部血管失血的现象而使铁质流失。Therearethreestagesofirondeficiency.Thefirstandmostcommonishavinglowironreserves,aconditionthattypicallyhasnosymptoms.Fatigueandpoorperformancemaybegintoappearinthesecondstageofdeficiency,whennotenoughironispresenttoformthemoleculesofbloodproteinthattransportoxygentotheworkingmuscles.Inthethirdandfinalstage,peopleoftenfeelweak,tired,andoutofbreath—andexerciseperformanceisseverelycompromised.缺铁分为三个阶段:第一也即最常见的阶段,是铁质储量不足。这一阶段一般没有症状。到了缺铁的第二阶段,就会出现疲倦和力不从心,此时体内已没有足够的铁来形成血蛋白分子,将氧输至运动肌肉。在第三即最后阶段,人常常感到虚弱、疲乏无力、喘不过气,运动成绩大打折扣。"Peoplethinkthatifthey'renotatthethirdstage,nothingiswrong,butthat'snottrue,"saysJohnL.Beard,whohelpeddesignthePurduestudy."You'renotstage3untilyourironreservesgotozero,andifyouwaituntilthatpoint,you'reintrouble."“人们认为,只要不到第三阶段就不会有什么问题。这种想法是不对的。”帮助设计普渡大学研究的约翰?L.比尔德说。“只有当你的铁储量为零时,你才会进入第三阶段。而你若坐等到这个时候,你的麻烦就大了。”However,mostpeoplewithlowironreservesdon'tknowtheyhaveadeficiency,becausetraditionalmethodsofcalculatingtheamountofironinblood(bycheckinglevelsofthebloodproteinthattransportsoxygen)arenotsufficient,Beardstates.Instead,it'simportanttochecklevelsofadifferentcompound,whichindicatestheamountofstorageofironintheblood.Whileactive,child-bearingagewomenaremostlikelytohavelowironstores,henotes,"Menarenotsafe,especiallyiftheydon'teatmeatandhaveahighlevelofphysicalactivity."(Anestimated15percentofmalelongdistancerunnershavelowironstores.)Beardandotherexpertssayit'sadvisableforpeopleinthesegroupstohaveayearlybloodtesttocheckbloodironreserves.然而,比尔德指出,大多数铁质储量低的人并未意识到自己缺铁,因为传统的检测血液中铁含量的方法──检验血液中输送氧气的血蛋白的含量──是不够的。其实,有必要检查血液中另一种混合成分的含量,它可以显示血液中的铁含量。他还指出,虽然积极锻炼的育龄妇女最有可能铁含量低,“但男性也并非不缺铁,尤其是在他们不吃肉类而又从事高强度的体力活动的情况下。”
(估计有15%的男性长跑运动员铁含量低。)比尔德和其他专家都说,对这些人而言,最好每年验一次血,以测定血液中的铁含量。Ifironlevelsarelow,talkwithaphysiciantoseeifthedeficiencyshouldbecorrectedbymodifyingyourdietorbytakingsupplements.Ingeneral,it'sbettertoundotheproblembyaddingmoreiron-richfoodstothediet,becauseironsupplementscanhaveseriousshortcomings.Supplementsmayproduceafeelingofwantingtothrowup,andmaybepoisonousinsomecases.Thebestsourcesofiron,andtheonlysourcesoftheformofironmostreadilyabsorbedbythebody,aremeat,chicken,andfish.Goodsourcesofotherformsofironincludedates,beans,andsomeleafygreenvegetables.如果铁含量低,就要去看医生,以确定是否该通过调整饮食或服用铁质补剂来校正不足。一般说来,解决问题的最好方法是在食谱中增加含铁丰富的食物,因为铁质补剂可能存在严重缺陷。“服用铁质补剂可能使人想呕吐,有时甚至还会引起中毒。最好的铁来源,以及唯一最易为身体所吸收的铁来源,是肉、鸡和鱼。其他较好的铁质来源包括枣、豆类和一些多叶绿色蔬菜。”"Selectbreadsandcerealswiththewords'iron-added'onthelabel,"writessportsdietexpertNancyClark."Thisaddedironsupplementsthesmallamountthatnaturallyoccursingrains.EatthesefoodswithplentifulVitaminC(forexample,drinkorangejuicewithcerealorputatomatoonasandwich)toenhancetheamountofironabsorbed."Clarkalsorecommendscookinginironpans,asfoodcanderiveironfromthepanduringthecookingprocess."Theironcontentoftomatosaucecookedinanironpotforthreehoursshowedastrikingincrease,thelevelgoingupnearly30times,"shewrites.Andpeoplewhoarelikelytohavelowironshouldavoiddrinkingcoffeeorteawithmeals,shesays,sincesubstancesinthesedrinkscaninterferewithironbeingabsorbedintothebody.“选择那些标有‘加铁’字样的面包和麦片,”运动营养专家南希?克拉克写道,“这些增加的铁质补充了谷物中自然含铁量的不足。将这些食物与含有大量维生素C的食物一起食用──比如吃麦片时喝橘子汁,或在三明治内夹上番茄──可以促进铁质吸收。”
克拉克还建议用铁锅烹食,因为烹调过程中食物能从铁锅中吸收铁质。她写道,“在铁锅内烹煮了3个小时的番茄汁,其铁含量大大提高,增加到原来的30倍左右。”她说,铁含量可能低的人,吃饭时应避免喝咖啡或饮茶,因为这些饮料中所含的物质会妨碍身体对铁质的吸收。"Activewomenneedtobealotmorecarefulabouttheirfoodchoices,"sumsupPurdue'sLyle."Ifyoupayattentiontowarningsignsbeforeironreservesaregone,youcanremedythedeficiencybeforeitreallybecomesaproblem."“运动女性应特别注意选择饮食。”普渡大学的莱尔总结说:“如果你在铁含量流失之前就注意到了警告信号,你就可以在它真正成为问题之前弥补铁质的不足。” Unit5AIhaveneverseenMrs.Clarkbefore,butIknowfromhermedicalchartandthereportIreceivedfromtheprecedingshiftthattonightshewilldie.我从未见过克拉克夫人,但看过她的医疗记录和上一位值班医生交给我的报告后,我知道她今晚会去世。Theonlylightinherroomiscomingfromapieceofmedicalequipment,whichisflashingitsredlightasifinwarning.AsIstandthere,thesmellhitsmynose,andIclosemyeyesasIrememberthesmellofdecayfrompastexperience.InmymouthIhaveasour,vinegartastecomingfromthepitofmystomach.Ireachforthelightswitch,andasitsilentlylightsthescene,Ireturntothebedtoobservethepatientwithanunemotional,medicaleye.她屋里唯一的光线来自一台医疗设备,它闪着红光,似乎在发出警告。我站在那里,一股怪味刺激着我的鼻子,我想起了过去闻到过的腐烂的气味,我闭上了眼睛。我嘴里有一股从胃里返上来的酸味。我伸手去开灯。灯静静地照亮了整个病房,我走回病床边,用无动于衷的、医生的目光观察着病人。Mrs.Clarkisdying.Sheliesmotionless:theheadseemsunusuallylargeonaskeletonbody;theskinisdarkyellowandhangslooselyaroundexaggeratedbonesthatnotevenablanketcanhide;therightarmliesstraightoutattheside,tapedcruellytoaboardtosecureaneedlesothatfluidmaydripin;theleftarmisacrossthesunkenchest,whichrisesandfallswiththeunevenbreaths.克拉克夫人已奄奄一息了。她一动不动地躺着:骨瘦如柴的身体使她的头显得特别大;皮肤呈暗黄色,松松地裹在嶙峋的、连毛毯也遮掩不住的骨骼上;她的右臂平伸在床边,被无情地用胶带固定在一块板上,以便能固定针头使液体滴入;左臂横放在深陷的胸部,胸口随着不均匀的呼吸一起一伏。Ireachforthelong,thinfingersthatarelyingonthechest.Theyareicecold,andIquicklymovetothewristandfeelforthefaintpulse.Mrs.Clark'seyesopensomewhatasherheadturnstowardmeslightly.Ibendclosetoherandscarcelyhearasshewhispers,"Water."Takingaglassofwaterfromthetable,Iputmyfingerovertheendofthestrawandallowafewdropsofthecoolmoisturetoslideintohermouthandeaseherthirst.Shemakesnoattempttoswallow;thereisjustnotenoughstrength."More,"thedryvoicesays,andwerepeattheprocedure.Thistimeshedoesmanagetoswallowsomeliquidandweaklysays,"Thank,you."我伸手去触摸她放在胸口的细长手指。冰凉冰凉的。我忙将手移到她的手腕,去感觉那微弱的脉搏。克拉克夫人将头稍稍转向我,微微地睁开眼。我俯过身去,勉强听见她微弱的声音:“水。”我从桌上拿起一杯水,用手指封着吸管的一端,滴了几滴凉凉的水到她的嘴里,以缓解她的干渴。她没有用力去吞咽,因为力气不够。“还要,”那干涩的声音说。于是我们又重复了一次。这次她终于咽了一些,并轻轻说了声:“谢谢,你。”Sheistooweakforconversation,sowithoutasking,Igoaboutprovidingforherneeds.Pickingherupinmyarmslikeachild,Iturnheronherside.Naked,exceptforalighthospitalgown,sheissoverysmallandlightthatsheseemslikeavictimofsometerriblefamine.Iremovethelidfromajarofskincreamandputsomeonthepalmofmyhand.Carefully,toavoidinjuringher,Irubcreamintotheyellowskin,whichrollsfreelyoverthebones,feelingperfectlytheoutlineofeachboneintheback.Placingapillowbetweenherlegs,Inoticethatthesetooareicecold,andnotuntilIrunmyhandupoverherkneesdoIfeelanyofthelife-givingwarmthofblood.她虚弱得没法交谈,因此没等她要求,我就开始做她所需要的。我像抱孩子似的把她抱起来,给她翻了个身。除了一件浅色的病号服,她什么也没穿。她又小又轻,像遭受了严重饥荒一样。我打开护肤霜的瓶盖,揩了一些在手心。为了不伤着她,我小心翼翼地把护肤霜擦在她发黄的皮肤上。她的皮肤松松地在骨头上滑动,背上每块骨头的轮廓都能清楚地摸到。当我把枕头放在她两腿之间时,发现它们也是冰凉的,直到把手移到她膝盖以上的部位,我才感受到血液供给生命的热度。WhenIamfinished,Ipullachairupbesidethebedtofaceherand,takingherfreehandbetweenmine,againnoticethelong,thinfingers.Graceful.Iwonderbrieflyifshehasanyfamily,andthenIseethatthereareneitherflowers,norpicturesofrainbowsandbutterfliesdrawnbychildren,norcards.Thereisnohintintheroomanywherethatthisisapersonwhoisloved.Asthoughsheisamindreader,Mrs.Clarkanswersmythoughtsandquietlytellsme,"Isent...myfamily...home...tonight...didn'twant...them...tosee..."Havingspentherlastounceofstrengthshecannotgoon,butIhaveunderstoodwhatshehasdone.Notknowingwhattosay,Isaynothing.Againsheseemstosensemythoughts,"You…stay…"而后,我挪了把椅子面朝她坐在床边,握住她那只没被固定的手,此时我又一次注意到她细长的手指。很优雅。一时间,我突然想知道她是否有家庭,接着我发现病房里没有花,没有孩子们画的彩虹和蝴蝶,也没有卡片。房间中没有任何迹象表明她是一个被人爱着的人。她似乎读懂了我的心思,平静地回答我说:“今天…我让…家里人…都…回家…不想…他们…看见”她耗尽了最后的那点力气,再也说不下去了。但我已然明白她做了些什么。我不知道说什么好,所以什么也没说。她好像又看穿了我的心思:“你…留下…”Timeseemstostandstill.Inthetotalsilence,Ifeelmyownpulsequickenandhearmybreathingasitbeginstomatchhers,breathforunevenbreath.Oureyesmeetandsomehow,together,webecomeawarethatthisisaspecialmomentbetweentwohumanbeings.HerlongfingerscurleasilyaroundmyhandandInodmyheadslowly,smiling.Withoutwords,throughyellowedeyes,Ireceivemythankyouandhereyesslowlyclose.时间似乎停滞了。在一片寂静中,我感觉自己的脉搏加快了,我听到自己的呼吸开始伴随着她那不均匀的呼吸一起一落。我们互相对视,不知怎么的,我们都意识到,这是两个生命间的一个特殊时刻。她那细长的手指很轻易地就拢住了我的手,我微笑着慢慢点了点头。无需任何语言,我从她发黄的眼睛中感受到了她对我的谢意,她慢慢闭上了眼睛。Someunknownintervaloftimepassesbeforehereyesopenagain,onlythistimethereisnoresponseinthem,justablankstare.Withoutwarning,hershallowbreathingstops,andwithinafewmoments,thefaintpulseisalsogone.Onesingletearflowsfromherlefteye,acrossthecheekanddownontothepillow.Ibegintocryquietly.Thereisaswellofemotionwithinmeforthisstrangerwhosoquicklycameintoandwentfrommylife.Hersufferingisdone,yetsoisthelife.Slowly,stillholdingherhand,IbecomeawarethatIdonotmindthisemotionalbattle,thatinfact,itwasaprivilegeshehasallowedme,andIwoulddoitagain,gladly.Mrs.Clarksparedherfamilyanepisodethatperhapstheywerenotequippedtohandleandinsteadshareditwithme.Shehadnotwantedtohaveherfamilyseeherdie,yetshedidnotwanttodiealone.Nooneshoulddiealone,andIamgladIwasthereforher.不知过了多长时间,她又睁开了双眼,只是这一次目光里没有任何反应,只有空洞的凝视。没有一点先兆,她那细弱的呼吸停止了。很快,微弱的脉搏也消失了。一颗泪珠从她的左眼中流出,滑过脸颊,落在枕上。我开始轻声哭泣。对这位迅速走进又走出我生活的陌生人,我心间涌起了一股感情。她的痛苦结束了,可她的生命也结束了。我依然握着她的手,渐渐地,我意识到我并不害怕这种感情之战,意识到这实际是她赐予我的特殊荣幸,而且我还乐意再来一次。克拉克夫人没有让她的家人目睹这一幕他们或许无力面对的人生插曲,却与我分享了它。她不想让家人看着她死去,然而她也不愿孤独地离去。不应当有人孤独离去的,我很高兴能守候在她身边。两天后,我在报上读到了克拉克夫人的消息。Twodayslater,IreadaboutMrs.Clarkinthenewspaper.Shewasthemotherofseven,grandmotherofeighteen,anactivememberofherchurch,aleaderofvolunteerassociationsinhercommunity,aconcertpianoplayer,andapianoteacherforoverthirtyyears.Yes,theywerelongandgracefulfingers.原来她是7个孩子的母亲、18个孩子的祖母、教会里的活跃分子、社区志愿者协会的领导人、音乐会钢琴演奏家、从教30余年的钢琴教师。是啊,她的手指是那样细长而优雅。Unit7AWhenIwas19,IcaughtsightofthefutureandbasedmycareeronwhatIsaw.Iturnedouttohavebeenright."—BillGates“我19岁看到了未来,并将我的所见当作我事业的基点,结果证明我是对的。”──比尔?盖茨He'sthemostfamousbusinessmanandtherichestmanintheworld—worthanestimated$40billionin1997.他是当今世上最著名的商人、最有钱的富豪──1997年他的资产预计为400亿美元。Withoutadoubt,BillGatesbelongsinthesameclassasThomasEdison,AlexanderGrahamBell,andothergreatmindswhochangedtheworld.毫无疑问,他与托马斯爱迪生、亚历山大格雷厄姆贝尔以及其他改变世界的伟人属于同一行列。Theself-described"hacker"hasdominatedthepersonalcomputingrevolutionandmodernizedthewholeworldintheprocess..这个自称为“黑客”的人主导着个人计算机革命,并在这一过程中使整个世界现代化.Indeed,hisclassificationintoanyotherrankthanthiswouldseriouslyunderstatehisimpactontheworld的确,将他划入任何其他行列,都可能大大淡化他对世界的影响。Gates'successstemsfromhispersonality:anunbelievableandattimesfrighteningblendofhigh-voltagebrilliance,driveandcompetitiveness.WhenthechairmanandCEOwalksthroughthecorridorsofMicrosoft,itislikeaswitchbeingturnedon;everythingandeveryonearoundhimischargedwith10,000voltsofelectricity.GatessetstheexampleandMicrosoftemployeesfollow.Theschedulehekeepsisonehintastowhatheexpectsfromhisemployees.It'snotunusualforthe"dean"ofthe"Microsoftcampus"toputin16-hourdays盖茨的成功源自他的人格:他才华横溢、冲劲十足、争强好胜,这些加在一起令人难以置信,有时甚至令人畏惧。当这位董事长兼首席执行官走过微软大楼的走廊时,他身边的人和物就像被打开了电源,充了一万伏电。盖茨树立了榜样,微软的员工紧随其后。他的工作安排暗示着他对员工的期待。这位“微软校园”的“校长”经常每天工作16小时。Indeed,ifthere'sonethingthatdistinguishestheGatesstyle,itishistimemanagementskills.Conservationoftime,energy,andfocusarehishallmarks.Hemovesbetweenplayingtheroleofinternationalspokesmanfortheageoftechnologyandplanningbusinessstrategybackatheadquarters,gettingthemaximumamountofworkpossibleoutofeveryminute.Alwayspunctualandalwaysinhighgear,hetypicallyleavesonlythetiniestcracksinthedayforeating,talkingtofriendsorrecreation.ThejokearoundMicrosoftisthathisreceptionististhehardestworkingpersonintheworld.Infact,hehasseveralreceptionists.Heprobablyneedsonejusttoarrangehistravelplansandvisastoforeigncountries.的确,如果说盖茨的风格与他人有别的话,那就是他把握时间的技能。节约时间、精力充沛和专心致志是他的突出特点。他一会儿充当技术时代的国际代言人,一会儿在微软总部谋划经营策略,充分利用每一分钟,最大限度的开展工作。他总是准时,总是处于高速运转状态,他习惯利用白天的点滴空闲进餐、与朋友交谈或娱乐。微软人笑话他的接待员是天底下最勤奋的人。事实上,他有几个接待员。他或许需要有人专门安排他的旅行计划和去国外的签证。Onthesubjectoftravel,hehasbecomeknownforsavingmoneyandtimeaswell.Onbusinesstrips,hefliescommercialwheneverpossibleandintheinterestoftime,henevercheckshisbaggage.Hishostsalsofindtheysavemoneywhenheisintown.Thereisnotimeinhisschedulefortourismofanykind,noexcursionsorsightseeingtripsareonhisagenda.It'sjustwork,work,work.说到旅行,他节约钱和时间也是出了名的。出差时,他尽可能坐普通民航飞机;为了节省时间,他从不托运行李。接待他的东道主也发现,他住在城里时他们很省钱。他的时间表上没有计划旅游的时间,日程表上也没有游览或观光计划。有的只是工作,工作,工作。Anothertraitthatmakeshimsounusualishisincredible"multitasking"ability.Athisdesk,heworksontwocomputers,onewithmultipleframesthatsequencedatastreaminginfromtheInternet,andtheotherhandlingthehundredsofe-mailmessagesandlettershereceives.Hemayevenreviewdatawhileconductingameetingusingavideophone.另一个使他与众不同的特质是他令人难以置信的“多任务操作”能力。他办公时使用两台电脑,一台开有多重窗口以编排从英特网上不断接收的数据,另一台处理他接收的数以百计的电子邮件。甚至他在用可视电话主持会议时,还能审核数据。Gatesrunshiscompanymainlythroughthreemethods:Hebatsoutahundredormoree-mailmessagesaday(andnight);hemeetseverymonthorsowithhistopmanagementpanelofexpertsandadvisers;andmostimportantly,heholdstwoorthreesmallreviewmeetingsadaywithaprocessionofteamsworkingonthecompany'svariousproducts.Hedoesn'taddressanyonebynameorhandouttoomuchpraise,buthedoesgoroundthetableclockwiseandlistenscarefullytoeveryonewhohasanidea.Whenheisunclearaboutsomething,hequizzesandchallengeshisstaff."Educatemeonthat,"hemightsay,lookingtomakeclearavaguestatement.Everydecisionhemakesisbasedonhisknowledgeofitsmerits.Hedoesn'tneedtorelyonpersonalpolitics.盖茨主要通过以下三种方法来经营他的公司:他每天(和每晚)发出100封或更多电子邮件;他大约每月与由专家和顾问组成的高层管理委员会会晤一次;更重要的是,他每天召开两三个小型碰头会,接连与会的是研发公司各种产品的团队。他不作指名道姓的个别谈话,也不作太多的表扬,只作顺时针方向的圆桌会谈,仔细听取每个人的意见。遇到不太明白的说法,他就询问甚至质疑他的手下。“请就此明示,”他会这么说,希望把不清楚的地方弄明白.他作出的每个决定,都是基于对其价值的了解。他不需要依赖个人权术。WhenBillGateswasinthesixthgrade,hisparentssenthimtoseeapsychologist.Afterayearofsessionsandtests,thepsychologistreachedhisconclusion."You'regoingtolose,"hetoldGates'motherMary."Youhadbetterjustadjusttoitbecausethere'snousetryingtobeathim."Inthe22yearssincehedroppedoutofHarvardtoconquertheworldofcomputeroperatingsystemsandapplicationsoftware,hehasbeendeadlyforcompetitorstryingtoclawtheirwayintothemarket.比尔?盖茨读六年级时,他父母送他去看心理医生。一年后,经过多次看医生和检查,医生有了结论。“您管不了他的,”他对盖茨的母亲玛丽说。“最好接受现实,打他是不管用的。”自从盖茨从哈佛退学转去攻克计算机操作系统和应用软件,22年来他一直是那些企图挤进这个市场的竞争对手的死敌。
Inearly1975,attheageof19,whileatHarvardUniversity,heandPaulAllenwroteaninterpreterfortheprogramminglanguageusedbyMITSAltair,thefirstcommerciallyavailablepersonalcomputer.Itwastheirintenserelationship—Gatestheworkaholiccodewriterandcompetitor,Allenthedreamyvisionary—thatlaidthefirstbrickinthefoundationofMicrosoft.In1976,GatesbeganlicensingMicrosoft'ssoftwareproductsdirectlytocomputermanufacturers,whichdramaticallyincreasedMicrosoft'sprofits.AlthoughMITSsoonfolded,Microsofthadalreadyattractednewcustomersincluding,atthetime,smallhardwarefirmslikeApple,CommodoreandTandy.1976年,盖茨开始许可计算机生产商直接配销微软软件产品,这大大增加了微软的利润。尽管MITS很快就关闭了,微软却已吸引住了新的顾客,还包括当时一些小硬件公司,如苹果公司,柯摩多尔公司和坦迪公司。In1980,IBMinvitedMicrosofttowriteaseriesofprogramminglanguagesforitsnewpersonalcomputer,theIBMPC.GatesofferedthatMicrosoftcouldalsoproducetheoperatingsystems(MS-DOS).TheIBMPCandMSDOSwerbundledtogetherandannouncedtothepublicinAugust1981.Throughoutthe1980sMicrosoftmovedsteadilyupwardandbythe1990sMS-DOShadbeenexportedaroundtheworldandhadbecomethedominantsoftwareplatform.By1995,roughly85percentoftheworld'spersonalcomputerswereusingaMicrosoftoperatingsystem.1980年,IBM(美国国际商用机器公司)邀请微软为其新产品即IBM个人电脑(IBMPC)编写一整套程序设计语言。盖茨提议微软也可以生产操作系统(即微软磁盘操作系统,MS-DOS)。于是IMBPC和MS-DOS便捆绑在一起,并于1981年8月面世。整个20世纪80年代,微软稳定发展。到了90年代,MS-DOS已出口到世界各地,成了独霸全球的软件平台。到1995年,全世界大约85%的个人电脑使用微软操作系统。TodaytheMicrosoftcampusisa"home"fornewideasandproductsthatcurrentlynumberover200.Ithasmushroomed<tonearly18,000employeesand$6billioninprofits.By1992,atleast3,400ofMicrosoft'semployeeshadbecomemillionairesfromtheirstocks.如今,“微软校园”成了新思想和新产品的“家园”,产品数量目前超过200种。其雇员迅速增加到将近18,000人,利润达到60亿美元。到1992年,至少有3,400名微软雇员因持有微软股份而成为百万富翁。GateshopestostillberunningMicrosoftforanother10years,hesays,andthenpromisestofocusintenselyonhisfamilyandgivinghismoneyaway,butthatwon'tbethelastyouhearofhim.Almosteveryoneinthedevelopedworldhasusedorisusingaproductthatheownsapieceof,fromsurfingwebsitesonMicrosoftExplorertowatchingmoviesbroughttousbythedistributorDreamWorksSKG.Onecanonlywonderwhathewilldointhenearfuture.盖茨说,他希望再经营微软十年,并许诺之后会将主要精力放在家庭和捐赠自己的钱财上。但是这不会是你听到他的最后的故事。在发达国家,几乎人人都已使用或正在使用含有他的部件的产品。人们借用微软浏览器上网,观看梦工厂带来的影片。人们唯独不知道的是,不久的将来他还会干什么.Unit8AAtfirstitwas
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