高考英语语法写作专题加强练（十八）

高考英语语法写作专题加强练（十八）（语法填空+应用文写作+读后续写）PassageAPassageAA13-yearstudyofearlychildhooddevelopment1.(make)byHarvardUniversityhasshownthat,bytheageofthree,mostchildrenhavethebigpotential2.(understand)about1,000words—mostofthelanguagetheywilluseinordinaryconversationfortherestoftheirlives.

Furthermore,researchhasshownthatwhileeverychildisbornwithanaturalcuriosity,itcandecline3.(great)duringthesecondandthirdyearsoflife.Researcherssaythatthehumanpersonality4.(form)duringthefirsttwoyearsoflife,andduringthefirstthreeyearschildrenlearnthebasicskillstheywilluseinalltheirlaterlearningbothathome5.atschool.

6.isgenerallyacknowledgedthatyoungpeoplefrompoorersocio-economicbackgroundstendtodolesswellinoureducationsystem.Asaresultoftheresearchevidenceofthe7.(important)ofthefirstthreeyearsofachild’slife,apilotprogramme8.focusedonparentsasthechild’sfirstteachersstartedintheUS.Astheprogrammeshows,workingwiththefamily,ratherthanbypassingtheparents,9.(be)themosteffectivewayof10.(help)childrengetofftothebestpossiblestartinlife.PassageBPassageBLakeBaikalinsouthernSiberiaisthelargestfreshwaterlakeintheworld.Everywinterwhenthelake____1____(freeze)overforhalftheyear,80-year-oldLyubovMorekhodovawillputonthesameancientskatesthat____2____(use)fordecadesandglideacrosstheicewhereversheneedstogo.Shewasinterestedinskatingat____3____earlyage.Asachild,sheoftenskatedabout2.5mileseachwaytoschoolandback.Andherpassionforskatingbecameeven____4____(strong)withtime.Afterher____5____(retire),sheskatesahalfhoureachwaytothelocalvillage____6____(do)hershoppingeveryday.Withtemperaturesoftenreachinglowsofminus40degreesFahrenheit,it’shardtoimaginesuchanoldwomanmakingthisjourneyeveryday!ButLyubovinsiststhatherdailyskatingisthesecret____7____herlonglifespan.ThoughshelivesaloneinatinycabinontheshoresofLakeBaikal,she____8____(hard)feelslonely.Shehastheicetohelpherfeelfree!Wheneveryoufeelsorryforyouself,justrememberthisSiberiangrandmother____9____(skate)herwaythroughhersenioryears!Sheisaperfectreminder_____10_____we’renevertoooldtodoanything!PassageCPassageC假如你是李华，从网上看到了美国的一家“孔子学院”在中国招聘教学助理的广告，欢迎中国学生参加。请用英语给该校负责人Miss.Lee发一封电子邮件申请参加。内容主要包括:1.自我介绍(兴趣、特长);2.参加意图;3.希望获准。注意:1.词数80左右;2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。PassageDPassageD阅读下面材料,根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段,使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Oncetherewasashiptravellingonthetoughseaandontheshiptherewasapairofcouple.Allofasudden,theshipmetwithanaccidentandthecouplehadnochoicebuttoruntothelifeboatwithoutdelay.Afterreachingthere,theyrealizedthattherewasspaceonlyforoneperson.Atthatverymoment,thehusbandpushedhiswifebehindhimandjumpedontothelifeboathimself,leavinghiswifestandingonthesinkingship,shoutingsomethingdesperatelytoherhusbandeyesfilledwithtears.”Theteacherstoppedherstory-tellingandaskedherstudents,“Guys,guesswhatitwasthatsheshouted.”Moststudentsanswered.“Ihateyou!”Afterlisteningtoallthisreply,theteacherglancedthroughthewholeclassagainandnoticedthattherewasaboysittingsilentlythroughout.Thensheaskedhimthesamequestion.Theboyanswered,“Ibelieveshewouldhaveshouted-Takecareofourchild.”Listeningtohisremarks,theteacherwassurprisedandaskedtheboydoubtfully.“Haveyouheardofthisstorybefore?”Shakinghishead,theboysaidsoftlyandsadly,“No,Ihaven’t.Butthat’swhatmymothersaidtomyfatherbeforeshediedofadeadlydisease.”Movedandfeelingsad,theteacherreplied.“Youranswerisabsolutelyright!”Thenshecontinued,“Let’stakeupthestory.Theshipsankeventuallyandthehusbandwenthomeandbroughtuptheirdaughteralone.Manyyearslaterafterthedeathoftheman,theirdaughterwastidyingupallhisbelongingswhenshefoundhisdiary.Inhisdiaryshefoundthatwhenherparentswereontheship,hermotherhadalreadybeendiagnosed(诊断)withadvancedillnessandatthecriticalmoment,thefatherrushedtotheonlychanceofsurvival.”注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Inhisdiary,themanmentionedhewishedtosinktotheoceanwithhiswifebutfortheirdaughterhehadtolive.Thestorywasfinishedandtheclasswassilent.参考答案参考答案PassageA1.made考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语是hasshown,故空处应用make的非谓语动词形式;且该句的主语study与动词make之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,故应填make的过去分词made。2.tounderstand考查非谓语动词。havethepotentialtodosth.意为“有潜力做某事”,动词不定式做后置定语。故填tounderstand。3.greatly考查词性转换。空处所填词修饰动词decline,应用great的副词形式。故填greatly。4.isformed考查动词的时态和语态。从句的主语humanpersonality与form之间为动宾关系,故应用动词的被动语态;且根据后半句谓语动词learn可知,此处应用一般现在时。故填isformed。5.and考查连词。both...and...意为“两者都……;既……又……”,为固定用法。故填and。6.It考查代词。分析句子结构可知,本句应用it做形式主语,真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。故填It。注意首字母大写。7.importance考查词性转换。theimportanceof...意为“……的重要性”,为固定用法。故填important的名词形式importance。8.that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知,“focusedonparentsasthechild’sfirstteachers”为定语从句,且该从句缺少主语,先行词为programme,指物。故填that/which。

9.is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。ratherthan连接两个主语时,谓语动词采取“就前原则”,在本句中,谓语动词应由workingwiththefamily来决定。动词-ing形式做主语时谓语动词用单数形式,且由shows时态可知,应用一般现在时。故填is。10.helping考查非谓语动词。空前为介词of,应填动词-ing形式。故填helping。PassageB1.考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：每年冬天，当湖面结冰半年的时候，80岁的LyubovMorekhodova就会穿上已经用了几十年的旧冰鞋，在冰面上滑行，想去哪里就去哪里。根据时间状语“Everywinter”可知，此处陈述经常性发生的事情，使用一般现在时，主语为thelake，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填freezes。2.考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，that引导的定语从句缺少谓语动词，根据时间状语“fordecades”可知，使用现在完成时，主语that指代skates，与use为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语指代复数名词，助动词用have。故填havebeenused。3.考查冠词。句意：她很小的时候就对滑冰感兴趣。atanearlyage为固定短语，意为“在很小的时候”。故填an。4.考查形容词比较级。句意：随着时间的推移，她对滑冰的热情越来越强烈。became为系动词，后面需加形容词作表语，even修饰形容词比较级。故填stronger。5.考查名词。句意：她退休以后，每天都要滑半小时的路到当地的村庄去买东西。her为形容词性物主代词，后面需加名词，retirement意为“退休”，表抽象概念，不可数。故填retirement。6.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。分析句子结构，已有谓语动词skates，空处需填动词不定式作目的状语。故填todo。7.考查介词。句意：但Lyubov坚称，她每天都滑冰是她长寿的秘诀。thesecretto为固定用法，意为“……的秘诀”。故填to。8.考查副词。句意：虽然她独自住在贝加尔湖岸边的一个小木屋里，但她并不感到孤独。修饰动词feels，需用副词hardly作状语，表示“几乎不”。故填hardly。9.考查非谓语动词。句意：当你为自己感到难过的时候，请记住这位西伯利亚的祖母用滑冰度过了她的晚年！remembersb.doingsth.为固定用法，意为“记得某人做过某事”。故填skating。10.考查同位语从句。句意：她是一个完美的提醒，我们永远不会太老而不能做任何事情！空处引导同位语从句，解释说明前面的reminder，从句不缺成分，需用连接词that引导。故填that。PassageCDearMissLee,I’mwritingtoapplyforapositionworkingasateachingassistantsinyourschoolasisadvertisedontheInternet.Iamlongingtogetthisjobtobetterqualifymyselfandhelpothersaswell.Forme,ChineseismymothertongueandI’mexcellentinit.Besides,havinglearnedEnglishfor9years,I’mratherproficientinbothspokenandwrittenEnglish.AndI’mwillingtohelpforeignerslearntheChineselanguageandculture.I’dappreciateyourconsiderationofmyapplication.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yourssincerely,LiHuaPassageDInhisdiary,themanmentionedhewishedtosinktotheoceanwithhiswifebutfortheirdaughte