Unit 4 Astronomy the science of the stars学案 备战2022高考英语一轮复习高频词汇短语句式通关练（人教版必修三）

备战高考英语高频词汇短语句式通关练Unit4Astronomy:thescienceofthestarsSectionA：SectionA：重点词汇精讲1.intime及时;终于;总有一天Theywereintimetoproducecarbondioxide,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.它们最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他多种气体,从而形成了地球的大气层。知识延伸ontime准时allthetime一直;始终innotime立即,马上atatime一次;每次atonetime曾经;一度atthesametime同时attimes有时takeone’stime别着急;慢慢来forthetimebeing暂时;目前fromtimetotime不时;偶尔gain/losetime(钟、表)走得快/慢知识运用1.HewantstoseechangesinthecompanyandIamsurehewill,time.

2.Rockclimbingisgreatfun.Youwillgetclosetonatureandtakeadventuresthesametime.

3.Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrentimes.

4.Willyoubehometimetoseethechildrenbeforetheygotobed?

5.onetimethereusedtobeacoal-mineinthisarea.

用time的相关短语填空6.Astheoldsayinggoes,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”Oureffortswillpayoff.

7.Luckily,Iquicklyadaptedtothenewsurroundingsandeverythingreturnedtonormal.

8.,IhaveagoodcommandofseverallanguagesincludingEnglish.

9.Inmyview,youshouldatnotimeloseheartwheneveryouareintrouble.→Inmyview,wheneveryouareintrouble.

2.betodo结构表示将来Theywereintimetoproducecarbondioxide,nitrogen,watervapourandothergases,whichweretomaketheearth’satmosphere.它们最终产生了二氧化碳、氮气、水蒸气和其他气体,从而形成了地球的大气层。知识延伸1.betodo结构表示即将发生某事、计划或安排做某事、要求做某事。2.beabouttodo表示即将做某事,不与任何时间状语连用。3.will+动词原形表示将来的行为,“预见”或“临时考虑”将做某事。4.begoingtodo表示打算、计划做某事,或有迹象表明要发生某事。知识运用1.那些外籍学生打算举行一次晚会庆祝圣诞节。TheforeignstudentsapartytocelebrateChristmasDay.

2.稍等,我马上就动身。Waitamoment;Iamsetout.

3.明年,我姐姐就十八岁了。Nextyear,myeldersistereighteenyearsold.

4.云彩在聚集,马上就要下雨了。Thecloudsaregathering;itrain.

3.makeit+adj./n.+for...todoThisproducedachainreaction,whichmadeitpossibleforlifetodevelop.这就产生了连锁反应,使生命的发展成为可能。知识延伸1.make+it+形容词/名词+todomake+it+形容词/名词+that从句make+it+nogood/nouse/novalue...+doingsth.2.常用于这种句型的动词还有:think,consider,find,feel等。知识运用1.Shemadeitclearshewishedtomakeanewlifeforherself.

2.IhaveagoodcommandofEnglish,whichmakesiteasierforme(find)agoodjob.

3.Heisstubborn,whichmakesitnouse(quarrel)withhimaboutit.

4.新建的体育馆足够大,这使我们有可能参加各种各样的活动。Thenewly-builtstadiumislargeenough,.

5.观看《舌尖上的中国》会让你更容易理解为什么他决定在纽约开一家中餐馆来谋生。WatchingABiteofChinawillwhyheisdeterminedtomakehislivingbyrunningaChinesefoodrestaurantinNewYork.

4.existv.存在;生存Theylaideggstooandexistedontheearthformorethan140millionyears.它们也生蛋,在地球上生存了一亿四千多万年。知识延伸1.existThereexists...有……,存在着……2.existencen.存在comeintoexistence出现,开始存在3.existingadj.现存的;现行的exist是不及物动词,没有被动语态,也不用于进行时态。知识运用1.Youcan’timaginewhatdifficultytheyhave(exist)onthemoneyheisearning.

2.Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversefirstcameinto(exist).

3.Andcontraryto(exist)researchthatsaysyoushouldavoideatingwithheavierpeoplewhoorderlargeportions(份),it’sthebeanpoleswithbigappetitesyoureallyneedtoavoid.

4.众所周知,年轻人和老年人之间存在代沟。

5.inone’sturn轮到某人;接着Thustheyhave,intheirturn,becomethemostimportantanimalsontheplanet.因此,它们变成了地球上最重要的动物。知识延伸1.inturn依次;轮流;反之;相应地byturns轮流;交替地Itisone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事2.taketurnstodosth/atdoingsth.轮流做某事1.byturns是“交替地;轮流”的意思,多指两个人或两个行为之间的交替进行;2.inturn表示“按顺序”。知识运用1.Nowthatwehavefinishedthedesign,itis(they)turntoconstruct.

2.Atthemeetingtheytookturns(put)forwardanumberofsuggestionsaimingtopromotethereformofeducationsystem.

3.Thetwodaughterslookedaftertheirsickmotherturns.

4.人们使用自己的小汽车试图避免公共交通延误,反过来,这造成更多的问题。Peopletrytoavoidpublictransportationdelaysbyusingtheirowncars,.

6.prevent...from阻止;制止Theyareputtingtoomuchcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,whichpreventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中,这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。知识延伸1.下列短语均表示“阻止……做某事”stop...fromkeep...from(from不能省略)holdback...fromban...from2.preventionn.阻止;预防3.keep...doingsth.使……一直做某事4.protect...from...保护……不受……侵袭知识运用1.Itpreventspeoplewhoarecutofffromsociety(fall)victimtocheaters.

2.Aimedat(prevent)violentcrime,thesemeasuresareverypopular.

3.Unlesswegetmorefundingwe’llbe(prevent)fromfinishingourexperimentalprogramme.

4.Weneedapositiveprogrammeofcrime(prevent).

7.puzzlen.谜;难题v.(使)迷惑;(使)为难Howlifebeganonearthisoneofthebiggestpuzzlesthatscientistsfoundhardtosolve地球生命如何起源是科学家们觉得很难解决的最大的难题之一。知识延伸1.puzzleabout/over对……冥思苦想2.beapuzzletosb.令某人费解3.puzzledadj.感到迷惑的apuzzledexpressiononone’sface面带迷惑的表情4.puzzlingadj.令人困惑的知识运用1.Whenthelittlegirlwasaskedsucha(puzzle)question,shestoodtherewitha(puzzle)lookonherface.

2.Shelostheartsinceshefailedtheexam,becauseherfuturewas(puzzle).

3.PeoplehavelongpuzzledhowtheEgyptiansmovedsuchhugerocks.

4.今天早上,当我走在街上,我看到两位游客正在看地图,看起来很困惑。Thismorning,whenIwaswalkingonthestreet,Isawthattwotravelerswerereadingamap,.

8.倍数表达法ButwhenItriedtostepforward,IfoundIwascarriedtwiceasfarasontheearthandfellover.但当我试着向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍远,因而我摔倒了。知识延伸1.A+be+倍数+as+adj./adv.原级+as+B2.A+be+倍数+adj./adv.比较级+than+B3.A+be+倍数+the+名词(size/weight/length/...)+of+B4.A+be+倍数+what从句1.表示“两倍”时用twice或double,三倍或三倍以上时用“基数词+times”表达。2.此句型中倍数也可以用分数、百分数、half等其他程度状语来表达。知识运用1.Myschoolhasexpandedintoabigone,whichisthreetimesasbigthepreviousone.

2.Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimes(fast)thantraditionalgarbageasawhole.

3.Thenumberofstudentsnowinthisschoolisfourtimesitwastenyearsago.

正在建的体育馆是操场的两倍大。4.Thenewstadiumbeingbuiltwillbetheplayground.(as)

5.Thenewstadiumbeingbuiltwillbetheplayground.(size)

6.Thenewstadiumbeingbuiltwillbetheplayground.(than)

9.nowthat引导原因状语从句“Ohdear,”Icried,“walkingdoesneedabitofpracticenowthatgravityhaschanged.”(P31)“天哪,”我大声说,“重力改变了,看来走路也的确需要练一练了。”知识延伸1.nowthat引导原因状语从句,意为“既然,由于”,相当于since,而且that可以省略。2.下列介词短语也可以用来表示原因:dueto由于;归功于becauseof因为onaccountof由于,因为owingto由于,因为thanksto由于;多亏知识运用1.既然你不相信我,我将不再给你提任何建议。youdon’thavefaithinme,Iwillnevergiveyouanyadvice.

2.多亏了那份工作我才成了一个喜欢阅读的人。thatjobIbecamealoverofreading.

3.由于一些不明情况,今年的演出被取消了。someunforeseencircumstances,thisyear’sshowhasbeencanceled.

SectionSectionB：习题运用一：单句填空1.Inthe1960s,whilestudyingthevolcanichistoryofYellowstoneNationalPark,BobChristiansenbecame(puzzle)aboutsomethingthat,oddly,hadnottroubledanyonebefore:hecouldn’tfindthepark’svolcano.

2.Itisdifficulttofigureoutthe(globe)populationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeenpoorlystudied;however,biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000-25,000polarbearsworldwide.

3.Inhisintroduction,hemadeitclearourcreditswouldbehard-earned.

4.Tiredand(exhaust),shemanagedtomakeaflagwithheryellowblouseandfellasleepthemomentsheclosedhereyes.

5.He(prevent)bylawfromholdingalicence.

6.Ifweknowthatgossipcanbe(harm),thenwhydosomanyofusdoit?

7.IbegantolearnthiswhenIhadmycar(crash).

8.Ifsteelisheavierthanwater,whyareshipsable(float)onthesea?

9.It’stimetocleanthefourdirtylightsinourclassroomyourturn,soyou’dbettercomeearlier.

10.Inordertoblockthesunshine,thestudentshadmanybookspiledhigh.

二：单句改错1.Thereisapuzzlingexpressiononhisfacebecauseofthepuzzlingproblem.

2.Nodoubtthatnoonecanpreventtheplanfromcarriedout.

3.Unfortunately,wewerepreventedcompletingtheprojectontimebytheterribleweather.

4.Ifapersonorthingchainedtosomething,theyarefastenedtoitwithachain.

5.It’sreportedthatthiskindofplantwasonlyexistedinAfrica.

6.Howourspringsportsmeetwillbeheldornotthisweekisnownotknownyet.7.Itwasthestudyofhistorythatgaveabirthtosocialscience.

8.Luckily,allofthevisitorswereontimefortheschoolbusandtheyarrivedatthemeetingontime.

9.Bettergiveupusingthatkindofmedicine,becauseitmaybegreatlyharmtoyourstomach.10.Pleasewatchoutonthebrokenglasses!Theymayhurtyourfeet.三：完型微填空Iremembersittinginanairportoneday,waitingformyflight.Iwas1becauseIhadafirst-class(头等的)ticket.Andinfirstclass,theseatsare2andthefoodismoredelicious.Actually,Ihadthebestseatonthewholeplane!Seat1A.Beforeboarding,I3ayoungladywhohadabigsuitcase(手提箱)andseveralcarry-onbagswasholdingacryingbaby.

4,thehandle(把手)ofhersuitcasebrokeandthesuitcasefelltothefloor.Shetried5thecaseandherbagslandedonthefloor,too.

“Letmehelp,”Isaidtoher.1.A.excitedB.boredC.sad D.worried2.A.smaller B.biggerC.dirtier D.shorter3.A.asked B.learnedC.noticed D.thought4.A.Seriously B.SuccessfullyC.Secretly D.Suddenly5.A.finding B.liftingC.putting D.changing四：语篇填空Theearth1.(是火星的六倍大).WhetherwecanlandonMars2.(取决于科学技术的发展).ThereisalmostnooxygenonMarsandthis3.(使生命生存成为不可能).Itmightbeabout50degreesabovezeroatnoonand100degreesbelowzeroatnight,4.(这使得我们无法在那里生活).NowthatMarsisquitedifferentfromourearth,5.(如果我们计划有朝一日去火星的话),weshouldhavetotakealongourownoxygen,food,clothingandshelter.

SectionSectionC：校对查漏一：词汇运用1.①in②at