2022年山东省潍坊市中考英语试题（含答案解析）

2022年潍坊市初中学业水平考试

英语试题注意事项：本试卷满分80分，考试时间为90分钟；一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列语篇，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AMissBradley:Debbie?ThepeopleatSunnyBank-youknow,thehomeforoldpeople-wantsomeonetogiveatalk.Couldyoudoit?Debbie:Me?Standupandtalk?Ican'tdothatMissB:Debbie,it'snotabigdeal.Jess:Whynot,Debbie?Imean,theoldpeoplearen'tgoingtolaughorbenasty.Debbie:No,Iknow.But...oh,Idon'tknow.Tmjustnotbraveenough,that'sall.Ican'tdoit,andthat'sthat.Jess:Hereshecomes.Goon,Pete.Pete:OK.Well,look-it'syellowDebbie.Theschoolchicken.Debbie:Ibegyourpardon?Pete:Ihearyouwon'tgiveatalkatSunnyBank.Ooh,allthosescaryoldpeople!It'sabitpathetic,eh,Debbie?Debbie:Chicken?Pathetic?Noonecallsmethat!Debbie:MissBradley?Tvechangedmymind.Iwanttodothetalkafterall.MissB:Goodforyou,Debbie.HowaboutFriday,around5o'clock?Jess:Itworked!Welldone,Pete.Pete:Thanks.ButIdon'tthinkIcanevertalktoDebbieagain!1.MissBradleyasksDebbieto.A.giveaspeech B.gotoabankC.standupandtalk D.lookafteroldpeopleWhatdoestheunderlinedwordchickeninPicture3probablymeaninChinese?A.小鸡 B.勇士 C.胆小鬼 D.大明星Bysayingsuchwords,JessandPete'srealpurposeisto.A.talktoDebbie B.encourageDebbie C.laughatDebbie D.makeDebbieangryBMargaretAnnBulkleywasbomaround1789,inIreland.Shehadbigdreams."Iwanttobeadoctor!MButtwohundredyearsagoagirlcouldn'tbecomeadoctor.Heruncle,JamesBarry,wasagreatpainter.AndhisfriendGeneralMirandahadalibrarywithmorethan6,000books.Margaretlovedreadingthere.Herintelligenceimpressedhim.Yearslater,heruncleJamesBarrydied,leavinghersomemoney.Itwasenoughtostudytobeadoctor.“Butagirlcan'tbecomeadoctor,saidMargaretsadly.“Yes,youcan!,,saidGeneralMiranda.t4Allyouhavetodoistodisguiseasaboy."Margaretreallywantedtobeadoctor.Soshecutoffherlonghair,practicedspeakinginadeepvoice,andputonboy'sclothes.ShealsonamedherselfJamesBarry.FromthenonMargaretAnnBulkleydisappeared.ShebecameJamesBarryandenteredEdinburghUniversity.Hetook13subjectsandworkedallthroughthesummerwhentheotherstudentswentonholiday.Barrygraduatedin1812anddecidedtojointheBritishArmy.Inhislife,Dr.JamesBarrytravelledallovertheworld,helpingtosavemanylives.Beforeretirement,Barryhadrisentothesecond-highestmedicalofficerintheBritishArmy.Barryimprovedtheconditionsfornotonlywoundedsoldiersbutalsothelocalpeople,andperformedthefirstrecordedsuccessfulcaesareansection（晋J宫产）inAfrica.ThesecretDr.JamesBarrykeptforoverfiftyyearswasonlyknownafterhisdeathin1865.WhoplayedthemostimportantroleinMargaret,sbecomingadoctor?A.GeneralMiranda. B.HeruncleJamesBarry.C.AsoldierintheBritishArmy. D.AprofessorfromEdinburghUniversity.Whatdoestheunderlinedworddisguiseinparagraph3mean?A.Changeone'sclothes. B.Dresslikeadoctor.C.Changeone'sappearance. D.Dresslikeagentleman.WhichwasDr.JamesBarry'sachievementinhisjob?

BecomingthehighestofficerintheBritishArmy.Graduatingfromthemostfamousmedicaluniversity.Improvingmedicalconditionsforthewoundedsoldiers.Doingtheworld'sfirstrecordedcaesareansectionsuccessfully.WhatwasthesecretDr.JamesBarrykeptforoverfiftyyears?A.JamesBarryleftmuchmoney.C.Margaretdiedinhertwenties.A.JamesBarryleftmuchmoney.C.Margaretdiedinhertwenties.D.GeneralMirandahelpedMargaretalot.Whatdothreehearts,eightarmsandonehugebrainaddupto?Anoctopus,acreaturethatcandoamazingthings.Octopusesareveryclever.Astheydon'thaveteethorsharpclawstodefendthemselves,theyhaveeverlearntafewtrickstogetoutofdangeroussituations.Doyouknowhowtheydothat?Theyoftenhidethemselvesinthesandonthebottomoftheoceanfloor.Someoctopusesliketostayinmoreshallowwaterwheretherearerocks.Becauseoctopuseshaveverysoftbodies,theycanhidethemselvesintosmallspacesbetweentherockstogetridofenemies.Theoctopusislikeachameleonbecauseitcanchangethecolorofitsskintomatchthesand.Thiscolorchangehappensinlessthanaminute.Anotherwayanoctopuscanprotectitselfisbyshootingink.Itcanshootinkintothewater.Theinkformsacloudtoblinditsenemies.It'slikeamagiciandoingadisappearingact.Ifanoctopusisbeingattacked,itcanmakeitselflooklikeaseasnake.Itwillburyitselfinthesandexcepttwoarms.Itwillchangethecolorofthosearmstomatchaseasnake.Butwhatifthere'snotimetoescape?Itcanbreakoffoneofitsarms.Thearmwillthenchangecolorsandmovearoundthewater.Astheenemystartschasingafterthearm,theoctopuscanswimawayquickly.Don'tworry,though.Theoctopus'armwillgrowbacksoon.8.Howmanytricksarementionedinthetext?A.3.BA.3.B.4.C.5.D.6.9.Whyisanoctopuslikeachameleon?Ithasthreehearts.C.Itcanmakeitselflooklikeasnake.9.Whyisanoctopuslikeachameleon?Ithasthreehearts.C.Itcanmakeitselflooklikeasnake.Ithaseightarms.D.Itcanchangethecolorofitsskin.Whatdoesanoctopusdointimeofgreatdanger?A.Runafteritsenemy.C.Fightwithsharpteeth.Whatdoesanoctopusdointimeofgreatdanger?A.Runafteritsenemy.C.Fightwithsharpteeth.Whatisthebesttitleforthistext?B.Breakoffonearm.D.Movearoundthewater.A.AdventuresinwaterB.A.AdventuresinwaterB.MagicianoftheseaC.Softbodiesbetweenrocks D.EnemybehindthecloudDAreyousufferingfrominsomnia（失眠）now?Ifstruethatmanypeoplearedeeplybotheredbyinsomnia.12SleepexpertMichaelGrandnerofferstopthreetips.Makeaplanandsticktoit.Melatonin（褪黑素）isproducedbythebodytocontrolwhenyougetsleepyandwhenyouwakeup.Asnightfalls,thelevelsofmelatoninrise,becomingasignaltothebodythatit'stimeforbed.Andthelevelsnaturallyfallasdaylightcomesnear,gettingyoureadytogreettheday.13Soifyourbedtimeandwake-uptimechangefromdaytoday,yourbodydoesn'tknowhowtoreact.Soit'simportanttohavearegularbedtimeandwake-uptime,evenonweekends.14Infact,thistipissopowerfulthatitcanevenbeatsleepmedicine.4tWheneveryou'vebeenawakefbr20or30minutes,eitherthebeginningorthemiddleofthenight,getup.Maybeyoujustneedfiveminutestogetsleepy,ormaybeanhour,butdon'tspendthattimeinbed,,,saysGrandner.Changeyourattitudeaboutsleep.Manypeopleseesleepingasthefinalthingtheyhavetodoinabusyday,worthdelayingtocatchuponhousework,schoolworkorothers.15"Seeyoursleepastheamountoftimeyouneedinordertosetyourselfupforaproductivetomorrow.Itmaysoundlikeasmallchange,butit'sanimportantone,“Grandneradds.根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。Don'tlieinbedawake.Takesomemedicineifyouneed.Thatthoughtneedstobechanged.Infact,wecantrainourbraintofallasleep.Therelease（释放）ofmelatoninneedstobeatregulartimes.二、语言知识运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）A阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Theenvironmentiseverythingaroundusinthenaturalworld.Itistheearth,theair,rivers,lakes,forestsandseas.Theseare16humanbeingsdependonforaliving.Allnaturalwasteis17 .Animalwasteanddeadbodiesarebrokendownbysmallcreatures,likethosewormsinthesoil.Thisistheir18 .Thecarbondioxidethatpeopleandanimalsbreathe（呼吸）outisusedbyplantstobreatheandhelpthem19 .Plantsgiveoutoxygenwhichpeopleandanimalsneedtobreathein.Plants20waterthroughtheirroots.Theypassitoutthroughtheirleaves21moisture（水分）.Thismoisture,togetherwithwatervapourcomingfromriversandseas,risesandturnsintowaterdropletsandformsclouds.Largerwaterdropletsthenfalldownintheformof22 .Inthisway,thewatergoes23totheearth,riversandseastobeusedagain.However,humanshavemadealotofchangestotheearth.Thetechnologyandindustryhavemadelife24 .buttheyalsoproducealotofnewwaste.Naturefindsthisnewwastehardor25torecycle.Manshalldealwiththisproblembeforeitistoolate.16.A.howB.whatC.whichD.where17.A.avoidedB.allowedC.reducedD.recycled18.A.foodB.hobbyC.methodD.support19.A.growB.continueC.progressD.increase20.A.putawayB.giveoffC.takeupD.holdon21.A.likeB.withC.inD.as22.A.windB.rainC.stormD.shower23A.forwardB.aboutC.backD.away24.A.slowerB.easierC.heavierD.cheaper25.A.helpfulB.valuableC.impossibleD.unnecessary阅读下面短文，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空，必要时可加助动词。“No,Iwon'ttellyouanythingaboutthosegeese(鹅)repeatedBreckinridge."Well,lefs26(make)abetJsaidHolmes."1betyoufivepoundsthegeesecamefromafarmoutsideLondon.”"Ha,youarewrong,MsaidBreckinridge."ActuallythegeesecamefromLondon.”"Idon'tbelieveyou,MsaidHolmes.“Allright,“saidBreckinridge.44Wait,I27 (show)youinamoment.,,Hetookouttwolargebooksandopenedoneof28 (they)“Thisbookcontainsalistofthepeoplewhosellmegeese.The29 (name)inredinkarepeoplewholiveinLondon.Readoutthe3()(three)oneonthelist.”Holmestookthebookandread,“MrsOakshott,117BrixtonRoad.Thisname31 (write)inredink.SothatmeansMrsOakshottlivesinLondon.^^"Yes,"saidBreckinridge.t4Nowlookintheotherbook.ItrecordsthedatesIboughtthegeese.^^Holmesread,“December22nd,boughtfromMrsOakshott,24geeseat7shillingseach.SoldtoMrWindigateoftheAlphaInn.”“See?Iwasright,saidBreckinridge.t4SoI32(win)thebet.Nowgivememymoney.,,33(Silent)HolmestookoutagoldcoinandthrewitdowninfrontofBreckinridge.Thenweleft.Afewyardsaway,westopped34(laugh)loudly.t4Youareveryclever!Holmes,1said."Breckinridgerefusedtotellusthe35 (true).Soyoumadeabetwithhim..“Yes,Watson,saidHolmes."'ThoughIlostthebet,IfoundoutwhatIwanted."三、翻译句子(共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分)用括号内所给的短语，将下列句子翻译成英语。.太多甜食有害健康。(beharmfulto).我想知道你是否同意我的观点。(whether…ornot).教练看上去对比赛结果很满意。(Itseemsthat...)四、阅读表达（共5小题，满分9分；其中第42小题1分，其余每小题2分）阅读下面短文，根据短文后的要求答题。Forfansoftraditionalculture,thefilmIAmWhatIAm（雄狮少年）,whichwasfirstshowninthecinemaonDecember17,202],canbeagoodchoice.The104・minutefilmhasconnectedtheliondanceculturewithateenager'spursuit（追求）ofhisdream.SetinGuangdongProvince,thefilmisaboutthegrowthofaleft-behindteenagernamedAJuan.Hemetagirlwhohadtheexactsamename.Encouragedbyher,AJuanmadeuphismindtoformaliondanceteamwithhistwoclosefriendsAMaoandAGou.Afterbeingtrainedbyamaster,thethreetookpartinaliondancecompetitioninGuangzhou.AlthoughlaterAJuanhadtoworktosupporthisfamily,hestillbravelyfollowedhisdream-becomingthebestliondancer.“ItopensanewworldforChina'sanimated（动画）saidananimator.UnlikemostChineseanimatedfilmstoday,whichhavetodowithmyths（神话）orfairytales,IAmWhatIAmsetseyesonreality.ThisisnotverycommonintheanimationfieldinChina."I'vealwayswantedtomakeananimatedfilmaboutourreallife.AndIrememberedtheliondanceperformancesatfestivals.Theyweresobeautiful,colourfulandfolk.Thatinspiredmetomakeafilmaboutliondance,“saidthedirector.Thefilmhasgothighmarksondifferentwebsites.Althoughit'snotperfect,manypeoplearedeeplymoved.ItshowsnotonlythebeautyofChineseculturebutalsothespiritofthenation,accordingtoCCTVnews..TranslatetheunderlinedsentenceintoChinese.（将划线句子翻译成汉语）根据短文内容，回答下列问题。40What'sthefilmabout?（不超过15个词）What'stheboyAJuan'sdream?根据短文内容，在空白处填入恰当的短语，使句意完整。Thefilm1AmWhatIAmsetseyesonrealitymeansthatthefilmstorycomesfrom.Aslongasyoucatchthemainideaofthefilm,youwilltakeprideinandexpressedinit.五、写作（满分15分）TeensAroundtheWorld是一个国际青少年交流网站，近日有人发了一个关于“礼物”的帖子。假设你是李华，请阅读原帖后，结合自己的生活经历，用英语回帖。注意：.不要出现考生本人信息；.70词左右。TeensAroundtheWorldSubject:GiftsHey,guys!Haveyoueverreceivedgiftsonsomespecialdays?Whichofthemdoyoulikebest?Canyourememberwhogaveittoyou?Whendidyougetit?What'sitlikeandwhydoyoulikeit?Pleasesharethestoryofthegiftwithus.Becky,EnglandLiHua,China2022年潍坊市初中学业水平考试

英语试题答案解析一、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）A【答案】LA2.C 3.B[1]细节理解题。根据“ThepeopleatSunnyBank一youknow,thehomeforoldpeople一wantsomeonetogiveatalk”可知,Bradley老师想让Debbie在老人院演讲,故选Ao[2]词义猜测题。根据"Ihearyouwon'tgiveatalkatSunnyBank.Ooh,allthosescaryoldpeople!It'sabitpathetic”可知，嘲笑Debbie不敢去老人院做演讲，是一个胆小鬼，所以chicken表示“胆小鬼”，故选C。[3]推理判断题。根据“Itworked!Welldone,Pete”可知，他们说这些的目的是为了鼓励Debbie勇敢去老人院演讲，故选B。B【答案】4.A5.C 6.C 7.B[4]细节理解题。根据“AndhisfriendGeneralMirandahadalibrarywithmorethan6,000books.Margaretlovedreadingthere.Herintelligenceimpressedhim"及“'Yes,youcan!'saidGeneralMiranda.€A11youhavetodoistodisguiseasaboy」”可知，是叔叔的朋友GeneralMiranda鼓励她去实现自己的梦想，故选A。[5]词义猜测题。根据“Soshecutoffherlonghair,practicedspeakinginadeepvoice,andputonboy'sclothes”可知，为了成为一名医生，把自己的头发剪短，装扮成一个男孩，所以disguise与Changeone's叩pearance同义，故选C。[6]细节理解题。根据“Barryimprovedtheconditionsfornotonlywoundedsoldiersbutalsothelocalpeople”可知，改善了伤兵的生活条件是他所取得的成就之一，故选C。[7]推理判断题。根据"Margaretreallywantedtobeadoctor.Soshecutoffherlonghair,practicedspeakinginadeepvoice,andputonboy'sclothes.ShealsonamedherselfJamesBarry”可知，她假扮成男孩成为一名医生是她一直保守的秘密，故选B。C【答案】8.C 9.D10.B11.B[8]细节理解题o根据“Theyoftenhidethemselvesinthesandonthebottomoftheoceanfloor,,4tTheoctopusislikeachameleonbecauseitcanchangethecolorofitsskintomatchthesand,,t€Anotherwayanoctopuscanprotectitselfisbyshootingink'"Tfanoctopusisbeingattacked,itcanmakeitselflooklikeaseasnake"及"Itcanbreakoffoneofitsarms”可知，文中一共提到了5种技巧，故选C。[9]细节理解题。根据“Theoctopusislikeachameleonbecauseitcanchangethecolorofitsskintomatchthesand”可知，因为它可以改变皮肤的颜色来匹配沙子，故选D。[10]细节理解题。根据“Butwhatifthere'snotimetoescape?Itcanbreakoffoneofitsarms”可知，它可以折断一只手臂，故选B。【11】最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了章鱼的几种逃生技能，就像“海洋魔术师”一样，故选Bo【答案】12.D 13.E14.A15.C[12]根据"It'struethatmanypeoplearedeeplybotheredbyinsomnia"及"SleepexpertMichaelGrandnerofferstopthreetips”可知，事实我们可以改变这种情况，D选项“事实上，我们可以训练我们的大脑入睡”符合语境，故选D。根据"Soifyourbedtimeandwake-uptimechangefromdaytoday,yourbodydoesn'tknowhowtoreact”可知，此处提到了“有规律的时间”，E选项"褪黑激素的释放需要定期进行“符合语境，故选E。[14]根据"butdon'tspendthattimeinbed”可知，本段的建议是醒着的时候不要躺在床上，A选项“别躺在床上而不入睡”符合语境，故选A。[15]根据"Changeyourattitudeaboutsleep”可知，要改变自己的某些想法,C选项“那个想法需要改变“符合语境，故选C。二、语言知识运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）A【答案】16.B17.D18.A19.A20.A21.D22.B23.C24.B25.C【16】句意：这些都是人类赖以生存的东西。how怎样；what什么；which哪一个；where哪里。此空作动词短语dependon的宾语，应填what,故选Bo【17】句意：所有的自然废物都可以回收利用。avoided避免；allowed允许；reduced减少；recycled回收。根据“Animalwasteanddeadbodiesarebrokendownbysmallcreatures”可知，自然的废物都可以回收利用，故选D。[18]句意：这是它们的食物。food食物：hobby爱好；method方法：support支持。根据"Animalwasteanddeadbodiesarebrokendownbysmallcreatures,likethosewormsinthesoil”可知，动物的排泄物和尸体是小生物的食物，故选A。[19]句意：人类和动物呼出的二氧化碳被植物用来呼吸并帮助它们生长。grow成长；continue继续；progress进步；increase增长。根据“plantstobreatheandhelpthem”可知，植物吸收二氧化碳然后生长，故选A。[20]句意：植物通过根吸收水分。putaway收好，储存；giveoff发出；takeup占有；holdon继续。根据"waterthroughtheirroots”可知，通过根部吸收水分，故选A。【21】句意：它们通过树叶把水分散发出去。like像；with带有：in在 里；as作为。根据“Theypassitoutthroughtheirleaves…moisture”可知，被当成水分从叶子上散发出去，故选D。[22]句意：较大的水滴以雨的形式落下。wind风；rain雨；storm暴雨：shower淋浴。根据"Largerwaterdropletsthenfhlldownintheformof'可知，较大的水滴形成了雨，故选B。［23］句意：通过这种方式，水会回到地球、河流和海洋中再次被利用。forward向前；about关于；back向后；away离开。根据"thewatergoes…totheearth,riversandseastobeusedagain”可知，水回到地球、河流和海洋中再次被利用，故选C。［24］句意：科技和工业让生活变得更容易，但它们也产生了很多新的废物。slower更慢的；easier更容易；heavier更重；cheaper更便宜。根据"Thetechnologyandindustryhavemadelife”可知，科技让生活变得更容易，故选B。［25］句意：大自然发现这种新的废物很难或不可能回收利用。helpful有帮助的；valuable有价值的；impossible不可能的；unnecessary不必要的。根据“Naturefindsthisnewwastehard”可知，发现很难或不可能再次利用，故选C。【答案】26.s30.third31.waswritten32.won33.Silently34.tolaugh35truth【26】句意：让我们打一个赌吧。letsbd。sth“让某人做某事“，此空应填动词原形，故填make。【27】句意：-会我展示给你看。根据inamoment可知，此处用一般将来时willdo的结构，故填willshow。【28】句意：他拿出两本大书，打开其中一本。of介词，后接人称代词宾格，故填them。【29】句意：用红墨水写的是住在伦敦的人。根据are可知，此空应填名词复数形式，故填names。［30］句意：把名单上的第三个读出来。the后接序数词表示顺序，故填third。【31】句意：这个名字是用红墨水写的。主语name与动词write之间是被动关系，且名字被写是发生在过去，故此处用一般过去时被动语态，主语name是单数形式，助动词用was,故填waswritten。【32】句意：所以我会赢得这场赌局。根据"Iwasright”可知，此句也应用一般过去时，故填won。【33】句意：福尔摩斯默默地掏出一枚金币，扔在布雷肯里奇面前。此空修饰动词短语tookout,应用副词，故填Silently。【34】句意：几码远的地方，我们停下来放声大笑。根据“westopped...loudly”可知，是停下来大笑，用stoptodosth表示“停下来去做另一件事“，故填tolaugho35】句意：布雷肯里奇拒绝告诉我们真相。the后应接名词，truth“真相”是名词，故填truth。三、翻译句子（共3小题；每小题2分，满分6分）.【答案】Toomuchsweetfoodisharmfultohealth.【详解】sweetfbod“甜食”,不可数名词，用loomuch表示“太多”；beharmfid