高考英语阅读理解的技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)

高考英语阅读理解的技巧及练习题及练习题 (含答案)一、高中英语阅读理解.阅读理解Youcaneithertravelorread,buteitheryourbodyorsoulmustbeontheway.Thepopularsayinghasinspiredmanypeopletoreadorgosightseeing.Travelingjustlikereading,isarefreshingjourneyfromthebusyworld.Books,brainfood,cankeepyoucompanyonyourtravel.OntheRoad,1957,byJackKerouacThebookisagloballypopularspiritualguidebookaboutyouth.ThemaincharacterinthebookdrivesacrosstheUScontinentwithseveralyoungpeopleandfinallyreachesMexico.Aftertheexhaustingandexcitingtrip,thecharactersinthebookbegintorealizethemeaningoflife.ThebookcanbeagoodpartnerwithyoutoexploretheUnitedStates.LifeisElsewhere,1975,byMilanKunderaJean-JacquesRousseauoncesaid,"Manisbornfree,andeverywhereheisinchains."Thebooktellsayoungartist'sromanticbutmiserablelife,abouthowhereads,dreams,andhasarelationship.Experiencetheartist'spassionatelifeinthebookduringatriptoCentralEurope.Thebookinvitesyoutodeeplyreflectonyourcurrentlife.TheStoriesofSahara,1967,bySanmaoThebooknarratestheauthor'ssimplebutadventurouslifeintheSaharaDesert,whichseemsadesolateanddullplace.Thefancynaturalsceneryandlifethere,alongwiththeauthor'sromanticandintensiveemotion,willinspireyoutoexplorethemysteriousland.Readingthebookislikeparticipatinginadialoguewiththeauthor,whoissincereandhumorous.Lotus,2006byAnnbabyThisnovelsetinTibet,tellsthreepeople'sstories,eachwiththeiruniquecharacteristics.Itrevealsmodernpeople'semotionsandinnerlife,theirconfusionaboutlove,andexplorationofBuddhism.ThebookisagoodpartnertobringyoutothesacredlandTibet.Whichbookisabouttheexplorationoflifevaluethroughajourney?A.OntheRoad.B.LifeisElsewhere.C.TheStoriesofSahara.D.Lotus.WhosebookcouldbethemostsuitableforyourtriptoGermany?A.JackKerouac's. B.Sanmao's. C.Annbaby's. D.MilanKundera's.Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?LotusisareligiousbookexploringTibetanBuddhistculture.OntheroadadvisesaclassicroutefordrivingacrosstheUS.ThestoriesofSahararecordsitsauthors'ownlifeinthedesert.LifeisElsewheredemonstratesJean-JacquesRousseau'sownlife.【答案】(1)A⑵D(3)C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，推荐了几本适合在旅行途中阅读的书。(1)考查细节理解。根据OntheRoad,1957,byJackKerouac部分中的“Aftertheexhaustingandexcitingtrip,thecharactersinthebookbegintorealizethemeaningoflife.可知，在那令人筋疲力尽的旅行之后，书中的人物开始意识到生命的意义，故选A。（2）考查细节理解。根据TheStoriesoftheSahara,1967,bySanmao部分中的“Experiencetheartist'spassionatelifeinthebookduringatriptoCentralEurope可知，Germany（德国）“是属于CentralEurope（中欧）的，故选D。（3）考查推理判断。根据LifeisElsewhere,1975,byMilanKundera部分中的“Thebookinvitesyoutodeeplyreflectonyourcurrentlife.可知，本书引导人们对当前生活进行深刻地反思，故选Co【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。.阅读理解Oneofthebiggestproblemswhenwearetalkingistheawkwardsilence.Encounteringthissituationissouncomfortablethatyouwouldavoidmeetingnewpeopleinthefirstplace.Inthepast,IstruggledwiththisandIeventhoughtithadtodowithmyDNAorsomething …Butlearnedthatonceyouknowhowtokeepthosewordsflowing,youcanmeetandtalktoanyoneyoulike,whichhelpscreategreatpossibilitiesforfriendship,funandsharedactivitiesthatyouwouldotherwisehavemissedouton.Afterstudyingthisindepth,Ihaddifferentopinionsandfoundthatoneofthesecommonbehaviorsisthehabitoffiltering（过滤）--holdingbackfromsayingsomethinguntilyou've"checked"tomakesurethatwhatyou'reabouttosayiscool,impressiveandinteresting.Anotherproblemisnotlearningtogetinthemoodforconversation.Ifyoudon'tknowhowtochangefromsubjects,thenitcantakealotoftimetowarmup.Itisthereflex（习惯性思维）thatallowsyoutosaywhatevergoesoninyourmind.It'sfuntorealizethatyou'reallowedtosaywhateverisonyourmind.Aslongasyoudon'tsayanythingthatcouldlandyouinjail（监狱）.Allofthe"Oh!That'sinteresting •••""Hmm,I'veneverheardofthat""Hmm,cool!"expressionsarereactionary（保守的）bitsofconversationthatprovetotheotherpersonthatyou'rereallylistening.Thisworks99%ofthetime.So,ifyoushowsomeinterest,they'llhangaroundandwanttotalktoyouevenmore.Everyoneknowsthatstoriesjuice-upconversations,butmostpeopleonlytalkaboutstoriesoftheirownlives.Whensomeonementionssomethingrelatedtoanyofthem,justtellthestory,evenifit'snotfromyourlife.Themoreinteresting,strangerormorefrighteningtheyare,thehardertheyaretoforget.Ifpeoplecandealwiththeawkwardsilence,theycan__A.traintheirworkingskill B.improvetheirlifequalityC.enrichtheirsociallife D.establishtheirworkingrelationshipWhentalkingwithothers,weshouldA.feelnervousB.thinktwiceC.befreetoexpressD.avoidbreakinginAccordingtothepassage,whatdothespeakerscaremuchabout?A.Theattractivetopicsofconversation.B.Theatmosphereoftheconversation.C.Thelistener'sexperiencesandtastes.D.Thelistener'scuriosityandconcern.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart"juice-upconversations"mean?A.makingconversationsmoreboring B.makingconversationslivelierC.makingconversationssmoother D.makingconversationsmorerelaxing【答案】(1)C⑵CDB【解析】 【分析】本文本文是一篇议论文，我们谈话时最大的问题之一是尴尬的沉默。遇到这种情况是很不舒服的。作者就这一论点表达了自己的观点。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的 "ButlaterIlearnedthatonceyouknowhowtokeepthosewordsflowing,youcanmeetandtalktoanyoneyoulike,whichhelpscreategreatpossibilitiesforfriendship,funandsharedactivities 可知如果在谈话时能打破尴尬的沉默，知道说什么，怎么说，就能为友谊，乐趣和共享活动创造巨大的可能性，就能丰富社交生活。故选Co(2)考查推理判断。根据第三段中的 "Itisthereflex(习惯性思维)thatallowsyoutosaywhatevergoesoninyourmind.It'sfuntorealizethatyou'reallowedtosaywhateverisonyourmind.可知习惯性思维让我们表达我们内心所想，意识到你可以说出你心里想说的话，是很有趣的。所以在和别人交流时我们应该自由表达。故选 Co(3)考查推理判断。根据第四段中的 "Albfthe'OhThat'sinteresting •••'HmmJ'veneverheardofthat' 'Hmm,cool!(expressionsarer€eOctionaryoi(tsofconversationthatprovetotheotherpersonthatyou'rereallylistening.和ifyoushowsomeinterest,they'llhangaroundandwanttotalktoyouevenmore.听者的赞美之词和他们有兴趣想了解更多的好奇心和关注，是说者最关心的。故选Do(4)考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的 “Themoreinteresting,strangerormorefrighteningtheyare,thehardertheyaretoforget. 可知故事越有趣或越惊险，就越吸引人，听者就越难忘记，这说明了故事在谈话中的重要性。划线词语所在的句子指每个人都知道故事会让对话变得生动有趣， "juiceupconversations指让对话变得生动有趣，与B项同义。故选B。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。.阅读理解Everycountrymayhavetoconsiderwhat,ifanything,todoabout"globalwarming".Weshouldunderstandthattheoft-repeatedclaimthatnearlyallscientistsdemandthatsomethingdramaticbedonetostopglobalwarmingisnottrue.Perhapsthemostinconvenientfactisthelackofglobalwarmingforwellover10yearsnow.Thisisknowntothewarmingestablishment,asonecanseefromthe2009"Climategate"emailofclimatescientistKevinTrenberth:"Thefactisthatwecan'taccountforthelackofwarmingatthemomentanditisanironythatwecan't."Butthewarmingisonlymissingifonebelievescomputermodelswhereso-calledfeedbackinvolvingwatervaporandcloudsgreatlyamplifiesthesmalleffectofCO2.ThefactisthatCO2isnotapollutantanditisakeycomponentofthebiosphere(生物圈)'slifecycle.PlantsgetbettergrowthwithmoreofitandpartoftheincreaseofagriculturalyieldsinthepastcenturycertainlycamefromadditionalCO2intheatmosphere.Althoughthenumberofthescientistswhoarepubliclyopposedtotheclaimisgrowing,manyyoungscientistssecretlysaythatwhiletheyalsohaveseriousdoubtsabouttheglobal-warmingmessage,theyareafraidtospeakupforfearofnotbeingpromotedorworse.Whyistheresomuchpassionaboutglobalwarming?Thereareseveralreasons,butagoodplacetostartistheoldquestion"Cuibono?",orthemodernupdate,"Followthemoney".Alarmism(危言耸听)overclimateisofgreatbenefittomany,providinggovernmentfundingforacademicresearch,andthusthosepeoplewhobenefitfromthisfiercelydefendedtheirdogma(信条)andtheprivilegesitbroughtthem.Everycountryshouldsupportrational(合理的)measurestoprotectandimproveourenvironment,butitmakesnosenseatalltobackexpensiveprogramsthatturnawayresourcesfromrealneedsandarebasedonalarmingbutshakyclaimsof"incontrovertible"evidence.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor'sopiniononglobalwarming?A.Globalwarminghasn'thappenedinthelatest10years.B.Globalwarminghasbecomeanurgentproblemtheseyears.C.Globalwarminghasworsenedalittlebitintherecentyears.D.Globalwarminghasneverhappenedsincemeasuresweretaken.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutCO2doesthewriterprobablyagreewith?A.CO2greatlyaffectstheglobalwarming. B.CO2makescropsmoreproductive.C.CO2involveswatervaporandclouds. D.CO2isthemostimportantpartofthebiosphere.Whyistheresomuchpassionforglobalwarming?A.Becauseitisagoodchanceforyoungscientiststobepromoted.B.Becausethescientistswanttohaveaninsightintotheproblem.C.Becausethegovernmentvaluestheproblemandtriestosolveit.D.Becausesomepeoplecangreatlybenefitfromtheresearchaboutit.What'sthewriter'sattitudetowardtheprogramstoprotectandimproveourenvironment?A.Tosupportalltheprogramsaslongastheyarebeneficial.B.Tosupportcheapprogramsinsteadofexpensiveones.C.Tosupporttheprogramsthatarenecessaryandreliable.D.Tosupportthoseprogramsthatuselessmoneyandresources.【答案】(1)A⑵BDC【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述的是 关于地球的变暖。”每个国家都可能不得不考虑全球变暖”的问题。我们应该明白，经常重复的说法是，几乎所有的科学家都要求采取一些引人注目的措施来阻止全球变暖，这是不正确的。(1)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的 "Perhapsthemostinconvenientfactisthelackofglobalwarmingforwellover10yearsnow.可知，我们能从作者对全球变暖的观点中推断出 在最近TOC\o"1-5"\h\z的10年里，全球变暖并没有发生。 ”故选 A。（2考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 “PlantsgetbettergrowthwithmoreofitandpartoftheincreaseofagriculturalyieldsinthepastcenturycertainlycamefromadditionalCO2intheatmosphere.可知，关于” “二氧化碳使作物更多产。 ”陈述可能是作者同意的。故选 B。（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的 “thusthosepeoplewhobenefitfromthisfiercelydefendedtheirdogma（信条）andtheprivilegesitbroughtthem.可知，对全球变暖有如此多的 ”热情是因为有些人可以从这项研究中获益良多。故选 D。（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的 “Everycountryshouldsupportrational（合理的）measurestoprotectandimproveourenvironment,butitmakesnosenseatalltobackexpensiveprogramsthatturnawayresourcesfromrealneeds可知，作者对保护和改善环境的计划的态 ”度是支持那些必要和可靠的项目。故选 C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4．阅读理解Someonesentmeanemailurgingmetoacquirealotmoreresources,suggestingcoulddosomuchmoregoodifIhadan8or9figurenetincomeof6likeI'vebeendoingforyears.Heclaimedtohaveacquiredagreatdealofwealthhimselfandfoundithighlybeneficialtofuelinghispathwithaheart.AsIconsiderhissuggestion,Ifindmyselfnothavingmuchclarity（清晰的思维 ）astowhatI'ddowithImillionor10millionmoremoneyflowingthroughmylife.Iputsomuchattentiononcreativity,fulfillment,exploration,relationships,etc.thatIfinditdifficulttointelligentlyimaginehowmorefinancialresourcescouldprovideextrafuelforthat,exceptinsmallwaysorinwaysthataren'tparticularlymeaningfultome.LatelyI'vebeenconsideringwhatitwouldbeliketodeliberatelyreducemyincomeforawhileandseeifIcouldliveonmuchless，justfortheexperience.WhatifIcappedmynetpersonalincomeat$10,000peryear,forinstance?Thatisn'tsuchabigdealtome,though,sinceIalreadywentthroughaperiodoflowincomelikethatduringthe1990s,andIlearnedthatIcouldstilldowhatIloveregardlessofincome.I'veneverworkedinabusinessenvironment-theonlyjobI'veeverhadwasworkingfor$6/hourinavideogamestorewhileIwasincollege.SoI'veneverseenhowlargeroperationsallocateresources.That'sprobablywhyIhaven'tpushedmyselftoacquiremore.AsImentionedinmybook.MoneyandYourPathWithaHeart，mymainfinancialgoalinlifewastomakemoneyirrelevantinmylife.I'mnotinterestedinbuildinganempire.WhatinterestsmeisexploringpersonalgrowthandsharingwhatIlearnalongtheway.InsomewaysIfeelthatacquiringandacquiringandallocatingmoreresourcescouldbecomeabigdistraction.I'malreadydoingwhatIwanttobedoing,sowhyrickdistractingmyselftoacquiremoreresources,especiallywhenIlacktheideaabouthowIshouldtreatsuchresources?Ilikehavingfreedomandflexibility，andIdon'treallyseehowmoreresourceswouldmeaningfullyimprovethat.Whydidthemanemailtheauthor?A.Toasktheauthortofuelhispath. B.Tolendsomemoneytotheauthor.C.Tosharehisopinionaboutwealth. D.Tourgetheauthortoearnmoremoney.Whichofthefollowingcandescribetheauthor'spersonality?A.Optimisticanddevoted. B.Independentandcooperative.C.Unfortunatebutpositive. D.Wealthybuthardhearted.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"capped"inParagraph3probablymean?A.Limited B.Spent C.Increased D.DistributedThefollowingaretrueEXCEPTA.A.theauthormightbeaprofessionalwriterB.theauthorisgoodatdesigningvideogamesC.theauthorisinterestedinexploringhispersonalgrowthD.theauthormightbeapersonwholikessharinghisknowledge【答案】(1)D⑵AAB【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文，论述了若拥有百倍于现在的资源，你会如何提升个人生活？(1)考查细节理解。答根据第一段中的 "Someonesentmeanemailurgingmetoacquirealotmoreresources,suggestingcoulddosomuchmoregoodifIhadan8or9figurenetincomeof6likeI'vebeendoingforyears. 可知有人给我发了封邮件，力劝我获得更多财富资源，故选D。(2)考查推理判断。第三段谈到最近我一直在考虑，如果有意减少个人收入一段时间，会是什么样子。我只想经历这种体验。看自己能否在收入少的情况下好好生活。比如把个人年收入减少到1万美元，自己将如何生活。不过这对我来说也不算什么问题。因为在上世纪90年代，我有过一段这种低收入生活时期，而且我已经学到，不管收入如何，仍旧可以做自己喜爱的事情。由此可推断出作者是一位乐观且专注的人，故选 Ao(3)考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的 "Thatisn'tsuchabigdealtome,though,sinceIalreadywentthroughaperiodoflowincomelikethatduringthe1990s 在上世纪90年代,我有过一段这种低收入生活时期，由此推断出 WhatifIcappedmynetpersonalincomeat$10,000peryear,fo门nstance?意思是把个人年收入减少到 1万美元。“cappecK思是限定，故选A。(4)考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的 "AsImentionedinmybook.可推知作者可能是一名作家，故A选项正确；根据最后一段中的 "WhatinterestsmeisexploringpersonalgrowthandsharingwhatIlearnalongtheway.可知真正令作者感兴趣的是探索个人成长，并与人一路分享自己所学，由此可知 C和D正确，故选Bo【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。读理解Whenyougotothedoctor,youliketocomeawaywithaprescription.Itmakesyoufeelbettertoknowyouwillgetsomemedicine.Butthedoctorknowsthatmedicineisnotalwaysneeded.Sometimesallasickpersonneedsissomereassurancethatallwillbewell.Insuchcasesthedoctormayprescribeaplacebo.Aplaceboisasugarpill,aharmlessshot,orailemptycapsule.Eventhoughtheyhavenomedicineinthem,thesethingsseemtomakepeoplewell.Thepatientthinksitismedicineandbeginstogetbetter.Howdoesthishappen?Thestudyoftheplaceboopensupnewknowledgeaboutthewaythehumanbodycanhealitself.Itisasiftherewasadoctorineachofus.Thedoctorwillhealthebodyforusifweletit.Butitisnotyetknownjusthowtheplaceboworkstohealthebody.Somepeoplesayitworksbecausethehumanmindfoolsitself.Thesepeoplesaythatifthemindisfooledintothinkingitgotmedicine,thenitwillactasifitdid,andthebodywillfeelbetter.Placebosdonotalwayswork.Thesuccessofthistreatmentseemstorestalotwiththerelationshipbetweenthepatientandthedoctor.Ifthepatienthasalotoftrustinthedoctorandifthedoctorreallywantstohelpthepatient,thentheplaceboismorelikelytowork.Soinaway,thedoctoristhemostpowerfulplaceboofall.Aplacebocanalsohavebadeffects.Ifpatientsexpectabadreactiontomedicine,thentheywillalsoshowabadreactiontotheplacebo.Thiswouldseemtoshowthatalotofhowyoureacttomedicineisinyourmindratherthaninyourbody.Somedoctorsstillthinkthatiftheplacebocanhavebadeffectsitshouldneverbeused.Theythinkthereisstillnotenoughknownaboutit.Thestrangepoweroftheplacebodoesseemtosuggestthatthehumanmindisstrongerthanwethinkitis.Therearepeoplewhosayyoucanhealyourbodybyusingyourmind.Andtheinterestingthingisthatevenpeoplewhoswearthisisnotpossiblehavebeenhealedbyaplacebo.Whatdoweknowaboutplaceboaccordingtothepassage?A.Itcontainssomesortofmedicine. B.Itwon'tfunctionifyouarenegativeaboutmedicine.C.Peoplewhodon'tbelieveplacebocan'tbehealedbyit.D.Patientsanddoctorsknowclearlyhowithelpstohealthebody.Whyisthedoctorsometimesthemostpowerfulplacebo?A.Thepatientneedshelpbadly. B.Thepatientbelievesinthedoctor.C.Thedoctorknowsbetteraboutyourbody. 11D.Thedoctorhascarefullystudiedmedicine.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph5referto?A.Theplacebo. B.Thebadeffect. C.Thebody. D.Themedicine.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Placebo：WorkonYourMind B.PlaceboTheMostPowerfulMedicineC.Placebo：TheBestDoctor D.PlaceboHealYourBody【答案】(1)A⑵BBA【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，有时候病人的病并不是需要真正的药物来医治，而是需要医生开一些安慰的药剂，安慰病人的心理使病人的情绪得到舒缓，从而有利于病情的痊愈。(1)考查细节理解。纵观全文可知，一些医生仍然认为，如果安慰剂有坏的影响，它应该永远不会被使用，他们认为对安慰剂仍然没有足够的了解。所以此处的 it是指的安慰剂。故选Ao(2)考查推理判断。根据第二段中的 "placeboisasugarpill,aharmlessshot,orailemptycapsule.”可知安慰剂不会起到医学上的作用。故选B。(3)考查细节理解。根据文章的描述有时候病人是不需要使用药物的，医生给病人开出安慰剂，病人觉得安慰剂有很大的作用是因为他们很相信医生。故选 B。(4)考查主旨大意。本文讲述的是有时候病人的病并不是需要真正的药物来医治，而是需要医生开一些安慰的药剂，这时候就会安慰病人的心理，病人的情绪得到舒缓从而有利于病情的痊愈。这被叫做安慰剂。通常是空的甜胶囊，作用于病人的心理，帮助他们调节心情，从而有利于病情痊愈。故选Ao【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。6.阅读理解“YearagowhenIwasattheGrandCanyon,Irememberedsomeonecominguptothecanyon'sedge,takingashotwithacameraandthenwalkingaway,like'gotit—done',barelyevenglancingatthemagnificentsceneinfrontofhim,“LindaHenkel,ascientistatFairfieldUniversity,UStoldLiveScience.Henkelwassurprisedbyhowobsessed(痴迷的)peoplearewithtakingpicturesthesedays-beforedinner,duringfriends'birthdayparties,onmuseumtoursandsoon.Theykeeptakingpicturesbecausetheythinkthatithelpsrecordthemoment,butasHenkel'slateststudyhasjustfoundout,thisobsessionmaypreventtheirbrainsrememberingwhatactuallyhappened,reportedTheGuardian.Inherstudy,Henkelledagroupofcollegestudentsaroundamuseumandaskedthemtosimplyobserve15objectsandphotograph15others.Thenextdaythestudents'memoryofthetourwastested,andtheresultsshowedthattheywerelessaccurateinrecognizingtheobjectsandtheyrememberedfewerdetailsaboutthemiftheyphotographedthem.''Whenpeoplerelyontechnologytorememberthem-countingonthecameratorecordtheeventandthusnotneedingtoattendtoitfullythemselves,itcanhaveanegativeimpactonhowwelltheyremembertheirexperiences, “Henkelexplained.Butthereisalsoanexception:ifstudentszoomedintophotographpartofanobject,theirmemoryactuallyimproved,andthosewhofocusedthelens(镜头)onaspecificareacouldevenrecallpartsthatweren'tintheframe.Sobasically,thisstudyissayingthatconstantlytakingpicturescanharmyourmemory.Butshouldn'treviewingpictureswehavetakenhelpwakeupourmemories?Thisistrue,butonlyifwespendenoughtimedoingit.“Inordertoremember,wehavetoaccessandinteractwiththephotos,ratherthanjustcollectthem,"HenkeltolTheTelegraph.However,previousresearchhasshownthatmostpeoplenevertakethetimetolookovertheirdigitalpicturessimplybecausetherearetoomanyofthemandtheyaren'tusuallyveryorganizedontheircomputers.WhydidtheauthormentionHenkel'striptotheGrandCanyonatthebeginning?A.Tocomplainaboutsometourists'badhabits.B.Togivesuggestionsonhowtoenjoyone'stour.C.Topointoutpeople'sobsessionwithtakingpictures.“D.TodescribethebeautifulviewoftheGrandCanyon.WhatcanwelearnfromHenkel'sstudy?A.Reviewingpicturesalwayshelpspeoplebringbackmemorieseasily.B.Takingpicturesinamuseumtourhelpsstudentsrecognizeobjectsbetter.C.Peopleshouldspendmoretimetakingpicturesthanstudyingrealobjects.D.Picturesfocusingonthedetailsofobjectsprobablyimprovepeople'smemories.Theunderlinedword"it"inParagraph5probablyrefersto ":.A.thecamera B.technology C.theevent D.anobjectWhatisthearticlemainlyabout?A.People'sobsessionwithtakingpicturesanditsinfluence.B.Possiblewaysofusingpicturestoimproveone'smemory.C.Greatharmtomemorycausedbytakingpicturesconstantly.nD.Abelievablestudyintothenegativeimpactofliningcamerasoften.【答案】(1)C⑵DCA【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，人们都有拍照的喜好，拍照有助于我们记忆。但是如果我们只是简单地记录下来，而不去欣赏的话，也就没有什么意义，还不如不去拍照。⑴考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 "Henkewassurprisedbyhowobsessed(着迷的)peoplearewithtakingpicturesthesedays-beforedinner,duringfriendsbirthdayparties,onmuseumtoursandsoon.可知，在文中提到Henkel对人们执迷于拍照的惊讶，以此来说明一种现象：人们执迷于拍照的现象。故选Q(2)考查细节理解。根据第四段中的 "Buthtereisalsoanexception:ifstudentszoomed(缩放)intophotographpartofanobject,theirmemoryactuallyimproved可知，在拍照时：如果只关注某个细节，可能有助于他们记忆的提高。故选Do(3)考查词义猜测。根据第五段中的 "Wherpeoplerelyontechnologytorememberthem一countingonthecameratorecordtheeventandthusnotneedingtoattendtoitfullythemselves'前面说人们要依靠技术来记住它们时，要依靠照相机来记录事件，那么就完全不需要关注这个事件了。可知，本句是说如果你要用相机来记录事件，就不需要来关注这个它（事件）。故选Co（4）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文主要叙述现代人痴迷于拍照，是因为拍照有助于记录某一时刻，但不利于他们的记忆。如果放大拍摄对象或拍下来后再欣赏的话就有助于记忆或回忆。即本文主要介绍痴迷拍照及其影响。故选 A。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括和归纳，选出正确答案。7.阅读理解RecentsummertemperaturesinpartsofAustraliawerehighenoughtomeltasphalt.Asglobalwarmingspeedsuptheheatandclimaticeventsincrease,manyplantsmaybeunabletocope.Butatleastonespeciesofeucalyptustreecanresistextremeheatbycontinuingto "swotheressentialprocessesstop,anewstudyfinds.Asplantschangesunlightintofood,orphotosynthesize（光合作用）,theyabsorbcarbondioxidethroughporesontheirleaves.Theseporesalsoreleasewaterviatranspiration（蒸腾）,whichcirculatesnutrientsthroughtheplantandhelpscoolitbyevaporation（蒸发）.Butexceptionallyhightemperaturesareknowntogreatlyreducephotosynthesis—andmostexistingplantmodelssuggestthisshouldalsodecreasetranspiration,leavingtreesindangeroffatallyoverheating.Becauseitisdifficultforscientiststocontrolandvarytrees'conditionsintheirnaturalenvironment,littleisknownabouthowindividualspecieshandlethissituation.EcologistJohnDrakeoftheS.U.N.Y.CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandForestryandhiscolleaguesgrewadozenParramattaredgum（Eucalyptusparramattensis）treesinlarge,climate-controlledplasticpodsthatseparatedthetreesfromthesurroundingforestforayearinRichmond,Australia.SixofthetreesweregrownatsurroundingairtemperaturesandsixattemperaturesthreedegreesCelsiushigher.Theresearcherswithheld（扣留）waterfromthesurfacesoilofall12treesforamonthtoimitateamilddryspell,theninducedafour-day“extreme"heatwave:Theyraisedthemaximumtemperaturesinhalfofthepods（threewithsurroundingtemperaturesandthreeofthewarmerones）—to44degreesC.Photosynthesisgroundtoanearhaltinthetreesfacingtheartificialheatwave.Buttotheresearchers'surprise,thesetreescontinuedtotranspireatclose-to-normallevels,effectivelycoolingthemselvesandtheirsurroundings.Thetreesgrowninwarmerconditionscopedjustaswellastheothers,andphotosynthesisratesbouncedbacktonormalaftertheheatwavepassed,DrakeandhiscolleaguesreportedonlineinGlobalChangeBiology.TheresearchersthinktheParramattaredgumswereabletoeffectivelysweat—evenwithoutphotosynthesis-becausetheyareparticularlygoodattappingintowaterdeepinthesoil.Butifaheatwaveandaseveredrought（干旱）weretohitatthesametimeandthegroundwaterwasexhausted,thetreesmaynotbesolucky,Drakesays.Otherscientistscallthefindingencouraging. "It'sdefinitelygoodnews, "saysTrevorK

ecologistatLawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory,whowasnotpartofthestudy.Itwouveryinterestingtoknowhowthistranslatestootherspecies, “headds.DrakehopestoconductItwousimilarexperimentswithtreescommoninNorthAmerica.11)Howdoesonespeciesofeucalyptustreecopewithextremeheatwaves?A.Byreleasingwater. B.Byblockingsunlight.C.Byabsorbinggroundwater. D.Byreducingphotosynthesis.Whatdidtheresearchersdoduringtheirstudy?A.Theygrewallthetreesinartificialtemperatures.B.Theyinducedaheatwaveinadozenpodsoftrees.C.Theycreatedclimate-controlledsurroundingsfortrees.D.Theyvariedtrees'conditionsintheirnaturalenvironment.Theunderlinedphrase“groundtoanearhalt"inParagraph4means":.A.continued B.substituted C.strengthened D.ceasedWhatcanbeinferredfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Photosynthesisisnecessaryforthetreestosweat.B.Nofurtherexperimentswillbedoneotherspecies.C.OtherspecieswillbetransplantedtoNorthAmerica.D.Groundwaterhelpsthetreessurvivetheextremeheat.【答案】(1)A⑵CDD【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，联合国环境科学与林业学院的生态学家 JohnDrake和他的同事们通过对红楼树做实验，得出结论：在极度的高温中，红棱树仍然可以通过释放水分来抵抗热浪，获得生存。(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的 "Butatleastonespeciesofeucalyptustreecanresistextremeheatbycontinuingto'sweat可知，枝树通过 流汗“，即释放水分来抵抗极度的热，故选Ao(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的 "EcologisJohnDrake…andhiscolleaguesgrewadozenParramattaredgum•••treesinlarge,climate-controlledplasticpodsthatseparatedthetreesfromthesurroundingforestforayearinRichmond,Australia.可知，研究者们将“12棵红棱树种植在巨大的，气候受控制的塑料舱里，这种塑料仓将这些树和周围的森林分离开来。可知，研究者们为这些树创造了一个气候受控制的生长环境，故选Q(3)考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的 "Butexceptionallyhightemperaturesareknowntogreatlyreducephotosynthesis可知，极度的高温会减少光合作用。由第四段后面的内容可知，令研究者们惊讶的是，面对着人工制造出来的热浪，这些树继续以接近正常的水平蒸发，有效地使自己和周围的环境凉爽下来。结合这两点可以推知，面对人工制造出来的热浪，光合作用应该是大大减少，但这并没有影响树木的蒸发。划线部分意思应当接近于 大大减少，降低”这一类的意思cease意为停止"，故选D。(4)考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的 "TheresearchersthinktheParramattaredgumswereabletoeffectivelysweat-evenwithoutphotosynthesis-becausetheyareparticularlygoodattappingintowaterdeepinthesoil.Butifaheatwaveandaseveredrought（干旱）weretohitatthesametimeandthegroundwaterwasexhausted,thetreesmaynotbesolucky,Drakesays.可知