五年级小学英语阅读理解的解题技巧

部编五年级小学英语阅读理解的解题技巧(一)、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如WriteaLettertoMary,ADirtyBoy,OntheBus等2小学的说明科普类短文都十分浅显，只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的 ，如,Time,theSpringTOC\o"1-5"\h\zFestival.等，即使文章较长，问题也十分明显，从文中都能找到答案 .同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案 .1.Samisverygoodatschool,butheisnotclean.Hisfaceandhandsareoftendirty.Hewashesthemwithwateronly.Hedoesnotusesoap(肥皂).Samhasanuncle.Onedayhisunclegoestoseehim.Helooksathimandsays, “Sam,Iknoiwhatyouateforbreakfastthismorning. ”WWhat?”Samlooksathisuncleandsays."Eggs"sayshisuncle,“Yourfaceandmouthtellmethat. ”“Youarewrong,uncle!”saysSam, “Nottodayoryesterday,butthedaybefore:ye$terday(()(1).WhoisSam?HeisEnglish.B.Heisastudent.CHeisayoungpioneer.DHeisateacher.()(2)What'stheChinesefor"dirty"?A.It'脏的"".BIt干WVCIt'场的“"DIt好的”“()(3)What'sonSam'sfaceandmouth?AEggs.BSoapCWaterDBread()(4)Whichoftheseisnotwrong?ASamdoesn'twashhisfaceandhandseveryday.Theunclethinkstheboyateeggslastmorning.CSamdoesn'tlikeeggsatall.D.Samdoesn'tknowhisuncle.(二)、解题时有以下几种方法：(1)略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明文章主题或作者意图，而最后一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。(2)查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后加以阅读就行。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什么原因以及如何发生等有关或者具体的数字。(3)同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采用同义互释法。(4)判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时就应该意识到该题是一个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。(三)、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？1、弄清文章体裁，快速理解文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交待人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原因。议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得出结论。说明文中，作者先提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。2、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按 "总-分-总”这一思路来写的。因此，研读首、尾句，不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意图，从而进一步猜出作者着重要写的细节。3、略读选答，带问阅读。做英语阅读理解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然后带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。4、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或两个与常识或其他学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就容易多了。5、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根据上下文悟出其义，解题时要"带着问题读查短文”分析判断，整题解完后要认真复查。6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。有的考生先看题目后看文章，有的先看文章再看题目，你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的习惯效果往往不好。其次，看清楚题目是概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的首句和尾句；推理判断题要注意题目问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。(四)、判断正误。对于阅读试题中的判断正误题，相对比较简单，但学生的出错率仍然较大，究其原因，学生不懂判断的方法，通常是读完试题之后，凭着自己对阅读文章的大致印象判断。事实上判断试题与选择、填空的做题方法基本一致，仍需找出试题中的关键词，带着关键词，在文中寻找所需信息，然后仔细判断是否与文中信息一致，如一致则正确，，反之错误。试题：Maryissick,Mothertakeshertothedoctor.首先在试题中寻找关键词： Mary,sick,Mother,doctor.带着这些关键词，在文章中寻找。由于这是阅读文章的第一个试题，所以我们将答案定位于文章的首段，文中： Mothersays: "Mary,Let'sgotothedoctorforacheck.”dDoctor?”saysMary,"I'mnotsick,WhydoIneedtoseetheldoctor?notsick信息”不一致,所以不正确。最后一题： ThedoctorgivesMaryashot,Itdoesnothurtatall.由于是最后一题，信息基本在文章的末断，我们只需将信息定位于文章的末断或上一试题信息之后，同样带着关键词shot寻找。文中Marytakesashot,Itdoesnothurtmuch.试题中：nothurtatall与nothurtmuch不相符，所以错误。练习阅读理解：根据短文内容选择合适的答案，将编号填在括号里(1)ItisasunnydaythisSunday.IusuallygoshoppingwithmymotheronSunday.SometimesIclimbmountains.That'sfun.ButnotthisSunday.Becausetheweatherreportsaysit 'sgrainnextSunday.Ican'tclimbmountainsintherain.Ican 'tgoshoppingeither.SoIwanttore;booksathome.()1WhatistheweatherlikethisSunday?A.ItisSunday.B.Itisfine.C.Itisrainy.()2WhatdoyoudoonSunday?A.Iclimbhills.B.Igohiking.C.Ireadbooks.()3CanyouclimbmountainsthisSunday?A.Yes,Ican.B.No,Ican 't.C.No,I'mnot()4DoyougoshoppingonSunday?A.Yes,Iam.B.Yes,Ido.C.No,I 'mnot.()5WhatdoyouwanttodonextSunday?AIwanttoreadbooks.BIwanttowatchTV.CIwanttogoshopping.⑵MrBrownlivesinanicehouseinasmalltownwithhiswife(妻子)，MrsBrown.FromMondaytoFridayheworksinanofficenearhishouse.HeisfreeonSaturdaysandSundays.Hehasanicegardenbesidehishouse.HelikesgrowingflowersandheoftenworksinthegardenonSaturdaysandSundays.TheflowersareverybeautifulandMrsBrownlikesthemverymuch.SheoftenhelpsMrBrown.()1.MrBrownlivesinwithhiswife.A.acityB.asmalltownC.abigtown()2.Heworksdaysaweekinhisoffice.A.fourB.fiveC.six()3.Heisn'tonSaturdaysandSundays.A.freeB.busyC.happy()4.HelikesonSaturdaysandSundays.A.workinginhisgardenB.walkinginhisgardonC.lookingathisgarden()5.MrsBrowntheflowers.A.likeB.doesn'tlikeC.oftenhelps(3)OnedayMr.andMrs.Whitegoshoppingbycar.Theystoptheircarnearastore.Theybuyalotofthingsandtheywanttoputthethingsinthecar.ButMr.Whitecan 'topenthedoorofthesotheyaskapolicemantohelpthem.Thepolicemanisveryfriendlytohelpthem.Justthenamancomesupandshouts: "Whatareyoudoingwithmycar? ”Mr.andMrs.Whitetakealookatthecar'snumberandtheyarefrozenthere.Itisn 'ttheircar.()1.Mr.andMrs.Whitedrivefor.A.fishingB.shoppingC.business()2.Theystoptheircar.A.attheparkingspotB.neartheseaC.nearthestore()3.Theywanttoputthethings.A.inabigbagB.intheircarC.inother'scar()4.Mr.Whitecan 'topenthecar,so.A.theywalkhomeB.theyaskapolicemantohelpC.theycallataxi阅读理解：判断下列句子意思与短文意思是否相符，用 "T或"F表示(1)TodayisFebruary3rd.Theweatheriswindyandcold.Igetmanycardstoday.They'rebirthdaycards.They'refrommyfriends.Canyouguesswhy?Iwearmynewredcoatandbluejeans.They'reverypretty.Mymothertakemetothezoo.Icanseemanyanimals.I 'mveryhappyt(()1.MybirthdayisFebruary3rd.()2.It'swindyandsnowytoday.()3.Icanseemanytreesatthezoo.()4.Ihaveanewcoat.It 'sblue.()5.Ihavemanybirthdaycards.⑵MynameisTom.MybirthdayisJune2nd.Theweatherissunnyandhot.It 'smyfavouriteseasOnmybirthday,Iusuallyhaveabirthdayparty.Sometimeswehaveapicnic.Tomorrowismybirthday.Iamcleaningtheroomnow.Mymomismakingabirthdaycakeforme.()1.Tom'sbirthdayisonChildren 'sDay.()2.It 'swarmandsunnyinsummer.()3.TodayisJune1st.()4.Tom'smothercanmakeabirthdaycake.()5.UsuallythereisabirthdaypartyonTom 'sbirthday.(3)Hello.MynameisMillie.I'mthirteenyearsold.I 'magoodboy.Ioftenplayvolleyballso.Iandhealthy.Forbreakfast,IalwayshavesomebreadandaneggandIdrinkaglassoforangejuice.Isometimeshavericewithfishandanappleforlunch.Ireallyloveapples,because”Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway(离开)”.Intheevening,Isometimeshaveaglassofmilkoracupofgreenteaandsomebiscuits.Fordinner,Ioftenhavesoup,meatandvegetables.Ilikevegetablesbecausetheyarefreshandhealthy.Theyaregoodforme.Lookatme!HowtallandstrongIamnow!()1.Millieis14thisyear.()2.Millielikesfootballverymuch.()3.Millieoftendrinksorangejuiceforbreakfast.()4.Millielikesapplesbecausethey 'rehealthy.()5.Ioftenhavevegetablesfordinner.二、阅读理解2.阅读理解根据短文内容选择合适的选项Afarmeriswalkingintheforest.Heisverytired.Sohehasanapunderatree.Oneofhisshoesisbesidehim.Amonkeyispickinguphisshoeandclimbingupthetree.Thefarmerwakesup,heisshouting,"Giveitbacktome".Themonkeyisshouting,too.Itisimitating(模仿)thefarmer.Thefarmerthinks,andthenhehasanidea.Heistakingoffhisanothershoeandthrowingitaway.What'sthemonkeydoing?Yes!Heisthrowingtheshoe,too.Nowthefarmerispickinguphistwoshoesquickly.Heislaughingandsinging,"Whatanaughtymonkey!Whatasillymonkey!Whatafunnymonkey!Thefarmerissleeping.Oneofhisshoesis.A.inhishand B.besidehimThefarmerissleeping.Themonkeyis.A.takingawayhisshoe B.sleepingThefarmerisshouting.Themonkeyis.A.drinking B.shoutingThefarmeristhrowingawayhisshoe.Themonkeyis.A.laughing B.throwingawaytheshoe⑸Isthemonkeyclever?A.No,itisn't. B.Yes,itis【答案】(1)B⑵ABB⑸A【解析】【分析】大意：短文讲述了一个农民正在森林里散步，很累，在树下打了个盹，他把一只鞋放在旁边。一只猴子捡走了鞋子，农夫醒了大喊，猴子也在叫喊，农民脱下另一只鞋并扔掉，猴子也扔鞋子。农民很快就把他的两只鞋捡起来了。TOC\o"1-5"\h\z(1)根据Sohehasanapunderatree.Oneofhisshoesisbesidehim.可知农夫正在睡觉。他的一只鞋在他旁边。故答案为 B.(2)根据Amonkeyispickinguphisshoeandclimbingupthetree.可知农夫正在睡觉。猴子正在拿走他的鞋子。故答案为 A.根据Thefarmerwakesup,heisshouting,"Giveitbacktome".Themonkeyisshouting,too.可知农夫在喊。猴子在喊。故答案为 B.根据Heistakingoffhisanothershoeandthrowingitaway.What'sthemonkeydoing?Yes!Heisthrowingtheshoe,too.可知农夫正在扔掉他的鞋子。猴子正在扔掉鞋子。故答案为 B.(5)句意：孩子聪明吗？根据Whatanaughtymonkey!Whatasillymonkey!Whatafunnymonkey!可知是否定回答。故答案为 A.【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息找出相关句进行选择。3.阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子正误。TherearefourpeopleinSam'sfamily.TheyareFather,Mother,LilyandSam.NextSundaytheywillhaveaholiday.Sam'sfatherwantstoseetheGreatWall.ButhismotherwantstogoswimminginQingdao.SamandLilyarepupils.Lilywantstodoherhomeworkathome.WhataboutSam?HewantstoseetheSeaWorldinSanya.Theydon'tknowwheretheyaregoing.TherearefivepeopleinSam'sfamily.Sam'sfatherwantstoseetheGreatWall.Sam'smotherwantstogoswimminginSanya.LilywantstoseetheSeaWorldinSanya.【答案】(1)0⑵100【分析】大意：短文讲述了山姆一家人4口人，每人都想要去自己想要地方旅【分析】大意：短文讲述了山姆一家人游。（1）句意：山姆家有五口人。根据 TherearefourpeopleinSam'sfamily.可知山姆家里有四个人，故答案为错误。（2）句意：山姆的父亲想去看长城。根据 Sam'sfatherwantstoseetheGreatWall.可知山姆的父亲想去看长城，故答案为正确。（3）句意：山姆的妈妈想去三亚游泳。根据 ButhismotherwantstogoswimminginQingdao.可知山姆的妈妈想去青岛游泳，故答案为错误。（4）句意：莉莉想去三亚看海洋世界。根据 Lilywantstodoherhomeworkathome.可知莉莉想在家做家庭作业，故答案为错误。【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。4．阅读理解阅读理解，判断正误Mikeeatsbreakfastfivetimesaweek.Hedoesn'teatbreakfastonSaturdayandSunday.Hewashesthedishestwiceaweek.HewashesthemonSaturdayandSunday.Hewaterstheplantsfourtimesaweek.Hedoesn'twaterthemonMonday,WednesdayandFriday.Healwayssetsthetable.HesetsthetablefromSundaytoSaturday.Hewasheshisdogonceaweek.HewashesitonlyonSaturday.Hegoesswimmingtwelvetimesamonth.HeswimsonMonday,WednesdayandFriday.Buthenevercleanshisroom.（1）Mikeeatsbreakfastfourtimesaweek.Mikewashesthedishestwiceaweek.Mikewaterstheplantsfivetimesaweek.Mikealwayssetsthetable.Mikegoesswimmingtentimesamonth.【答案】 （1）01010【解析】 【分析】大意：讲述麦克的一周活动。（1）根据 Mikeeatsbreakfastfivetimesaweek可知麦克一周吃五次早餐。与题干信息 fourtimes四次不符合。故选错误。（2）根据 Hewashesthedishestwiceaweek可知麦克一周洗碗两次。与题干信息符合。故选正确。（3）根据 Hewaterstheplantsfourtimesaweek可知主人公麦克一周浇水四次。与题干信息fivetimes五次不符合。故选错误。（4）根据Healwayssetsthetable麦克经常放桌子可知，与题干信息符合。故选正确。（5）根据 Hegoesswimmingtwelvetimesamonth麦克一个月游泳 12次可知，与题干信息tentimes十次不符。故选错误。【点评】考查阅读理解。首先通读全文，理解大意。其次阅读问题，根据题干信息找出相关句进行判断。5.阅读理解阅读歌谣，完成下列任务Springisgreenwithflowersandsongs.Wecangoonapicnic.Summerishotandthedaysarelong.Wecangoswimming.Autumnisgoldenandfarmersarebusy.Wecanpickapples.Winteriswhiteandtheyearisgone.Wecanmakeasnowman.⑴⑵⑶⑷根据歌谣完成问句或补全空缺，⑸根据文章提示填空，⑹选择恰当的句子完成对话。WhatcolourisAutumn?FarmersareinAutumn.Whatcolouriswinter?Springisfullof(充满)andsongs.⑸Greenspring—flowersandsongs—Hotsummer—days—goswimming—busy—pickapples—endoftheyear—(6)选择恰当的句子完成对话。Mike:Hi,Andy!Andy:Autumn.Mike: Andy:BecauseIcanpickapplesinautumn.Mike: Andy:Yes,theyare.Mike: Andy:Ioftengohikingwithmyfather.Whydoyoulikeautumn?Arefamersverybusyinautumn?Whatdoyouoftendoinautumn?What'syourfavouriteseason?【答案】(1)It'sgolden.busyIt'swhite.flowersgoonapicnic;longday;Goldenautumn;busyfarmers;Whitewinter;makeasnowmanD;A;B;C【解析】【分析】这是一篇介绍四季的童谣。(1)题目问题是：秋季是什么颜色的？根据歌谣Autumnisgolden.(秋季是金色的。)可知答案为:It'sgolden.(2)根据短文叙述Autumnisgoldenandfarmersarebusy.(秋季是金色的，农民很忙。 )可知应填busy"忙的"。故答案为：busy.（3）题目问题是：冬季是什么颜色的？根据歌谣Winteriswhite（冬季是白色的.）可知是白色的。故答案为 :It'swhite.（4）根据短文叙述 Springisgreenwithflowersandsongs.（春季是绿色的充满鲜花和歌声。 ）可知应填 flowers.故答案为 :flowers.①根据歌谣 Springisgreenwithflowersandsongs.Wecangoonapicnic.可知春季的特征是greenspring—flowersandsongs—goonapicnic.故答案为 :goonapicnic.②根据歌谣 Summerishotandthedaysarelong.Wecangoswimming.夏季的特征是 :Hotsummer—longdays—goswimming.故答案为 :long.③根据歌谣 Autumnisgoldenandfarmersarebusy.Wecanpickapples.秋季的特征是 :Goldenautumn— busyfarmers—pickapples.故答案为 :Golden.④根据歌谣 Autumnisgoldenandfarmersarebusy.Wecanpickapples.秋季的特征是 :Goldenautumn— busyfarmers—pickapples.故答案为 :farmers.⑤根据歌谣Winteriswhiteandtheyearisgone.Wecanmakeasnowman.冬季特征：Whitewinter—endofyear—makeasnowman.故答案为 :Whitewinter.⑥根据歌谣Winteriswhiteandtheyearisgone.Wecanmakeasnowman.冬季特征：Whitewinter—endofyear—makeasnowman.故答案为 :makeasnowman.①根据答语是 "秋季 "可知问句问最喜欢的季节，用 D.What'syourfavouritese